塑胶,模具专业术语中英文对照表


0.7265
1.2°
0.0209
4.5°
0.0787
11°
0.1944
24°
0.4452
37°
0.7536
1.3°
0.0227
5°
0.0875
12°
0.2126
25°
0.4663
38°
0.7813
1.4°
0.0244
5.5°
0.0963
13°
0.2309
26°
0.4877
39°
0.8098
1.5°
0.0262
附表一、常用塑膠料的縮水率
序号 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 名称 PETG(乙二醇改性-聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯) Z-MAK Z-ALLOY C-ABS(丙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物) ABS SHLPS AIM4800 STYRON BS HIS ARCYLIC AS(苯乙烯-丙乙烯共聚物) PMMA(聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯) PC(聚碳酸酯) KR(01~03) KRATON GP PU HYTREL TPE PP-CO POM(聚甲醛) AC NYLON PVC(聚氯乙烯) C-PVC PE(聚乙烯) LDPE SINGAPREN TPE+HIPS(SBS) EVA HDPE 缩水率 4/1000 4/1000 4/1000 5/1000 5/1000 5/1000 5/1000 5/1000 5/1000 5/1000 5/1000 6/1000 6/1000 7/1000 8/1000 8/1000 8/1000 15/1000 15/1000 15/1000 20/1000 20/1000 20/1000 20/1000 20/1000 20/1000 20/1000 20/1000 20/1000 20/1000 20/1000 30/1000 孖力士(高度) (低度) 百折胶 又名 DELRIN 又名 A-CELCON 尼龙(又名 PAS66) 又名 SAN 亚克力(压克力) 又名 LAXEN 又名 BOS 人造橡胶 K胶 不碎胶 防弹胶 备注 新透明工程塑胶
’
inch
33/64 17/32 35/64

13.10 13.49 13.89 14.29 14.68 15.08 15.48 15.88 16.27 16.67 17.07 17.46 17.86 18.26 18.65 19.05 19.44 19.48 20.24 20.64 21.03 21.43 21.83 22.23 22.62 23.02 23.42 23.81 24.21 24.61 25.00 25.40

0.40 0.79 1.19 1.59 1.98 2.38 2.78 3.18 3.57 3.97 4.37 4.76 5.16 5.56 5.95 6.35 6.75 7.14 7.54 7.94 8.33 8.73 9.13 9.53 9.92 10.32 10.72 11.11 11.51 11.91 12.30 12.70
附表六、塑膠 模型專業術語中英文對照表(二)
英文名 bleeding blister bubble burned chalking clear patches crack discoloutation filler specks fines fisheyes flash frosting haze orange peel pimple pinhole porosity scratch sint mark splashing wrld line stamping machine transfer mouldng machine vacuum metallizer extruder 中文名 浸渍透过 起泡 气泡 焦印 粉化 斑点 裂文 变色作用 填料斑点 粉料 鱼眼 溢料 起霜 雾状 橘皮状 起小粒 针孔 多孔性 刮痕 凹痕 水渍 接合线 热压印机 压传模塑机 真空镀金机 挤压机 英文名 blanking calendaring centrifugal casting cold moulding dip moulding double-shot moulding drape dorming encapsulation expandable moulding filament winding forging insert moulding matched die moulding matched mould forming melt roll coating plastisol casting plug assist vacuum forming plug assist pressure forming powder coating premix moulding pressure-bag moulding rotation noulding reinforcing slush moulding transfer coating vacuum-bag mouling vacuum snap-back forming web impregnaion 中文名 动胚 滚压 离心浇铸 冷模塑 浸渍模塑 变色模型 垂幕式成型 包装,包封,封装 发泡模型 缠丝法 锻制 嵌件模塑 相配模塑 相配模成型 熔体滚筒涂层 胶浆浇铸 塞杆式真空成型 塞杆式压力成型 粉涂层 预混模塑 压力袋模塑 旋转模塑,搪胶 增强 胶浆模型 压传涂层 真空袋模塑 真空骤缩成型 网架浸渍
R
6.55 6.475 6.945 7.145 7.34 7.54 7.74 7.94 8.135 8.335 8.535 8.73 8.93 9.13 9.325 9.525 9.72 9.92 10.12 10.32 10.515 10.715 10.915 11.115 11.31 11.51 11.71 11.905 12.105 12.305 12.50 12.70
6°
0.1051
14°
0.2493
27°
0.5095
40°
0.8391
1.6°
0.0279
6.5°
0.1139
15°
0.2679
28°
0.5317
41°
0.8698
1.7°
0.0297
7°
0.1228
16°
0.2867
29°
0.5543
42°
0.9004
17
17°
inch
1/64 1/32 3/64 1/16 5/64 3/32 7/64 1/8 9/64 5/32 11/64 3/16 13/64 7/32 15/64 1/4 17/64 9/32 19/64 5/16 21/64 11/32 23/64 3/8 25/64 13/32 27/64 7/16 29/64 15/32 31/64 1/2
附錄六、塑膠,模具專業術語中英文對照表〈一〉
英文名 additive adhesive alkyd antioxidant antigtatic agent catalyst coating colorant compound firing agent filler flame retardant foaming agent laminated lubricant monomer plasticizer polymer reinforcing agent resin solvent stabilizer ultraviolet absorber 中文名 添加剂 粘结剂 醇酸 抗氧化剂 抗静电剂 触媒、摧化剂 涂层 着色剂 化合物 硬化物 填充剂 阻燃剂 起泡剂 层压剂 润滑剂 单聚物 增塑剂,可塑剂 聚合剂 增强剂 树脂 溶剂 稳定剂 紫外线吸收剂 英文名 burning rate cold flow compressive strongth cracking stress creep deflection temperture dielection constant dielection strength dimensional stability elastic modulus elongation flam resistance flammability flexural strength heat resistance impact resistance mould shrinkage outdoor weathering scratch resistanince shear strength softening point specific gravity specific heat swelling tear resistance tensile strength thermal conductivity thermal expansion coefficient viscosity warpage 中文名 燃烧率 冷流 压缩强度 开裂应力 蠕变 烧曲温度 介电常数 介电强度 体积稳定性 弹性模数 伸长 防火 可燃性 弯曲强度 耐热 动击强度 模塑收缩量 户外风蚀 抗刮模 抗剪强度,切变强度 软化温度 比重 比热 肿胀 抗撕裂,抗扯强度 抗拉强度 热转导性 热膨胀系数 粘度 翘曲
0.3057
30°
0.5773
43°
0.9325
1.9°
0.0332
8°
0.1405
18°
0.3249
31°
0.6009
44°
0.9657
2°
0.0349
8.5°
0.1495
19°
0.3443
32°
0.6249
45°
1
2.5°
0.0437
9°
0.1584
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塑料模具行业专业术语中英文对照教学文案

塑料模具行业专业术语中英文对照教学文案

塑料模具中英语对照塑料模具英语入水:gate 进入位:gate location 水口形式:gate type 大水口:edge gate细水口:pin-point gate 水口大小:gate size 转水口:switching runner/gate唧嘴口径:sprue diameter二、流道: runner热流道:hot runner,hot manifold 热嘴冷流道: hot sprue/cold runner唧嘴直流: direct sprue gate 圆形流道:round(full/half runner流道电脑分析:mold flow analysis 流道平衡:runner balance热嘴:hot sprue 热流道板:hot manifold发热管:cartridge heater 探针: thermocouples插头:connector plug 插座:connector socket密封/封料:seal三、运水:water line 喉塞:line lpug喉管:tube塑胶管:plastic tube 快速接头:jiffy quick connectorplug/socker四、模具零件:mold components三板模:3-plate mold 二板模:2-plate mold边钉/导边:leader pin/guide pin 边司/导套:bushing/guide bushing中托司:shoulder guide bushing 中托边L:guide pin顶针板:ejector retainner plate 托板:support plate螺丝:screw 管钉:dowel pin开模槽:ply bar scot 内模管位:core/cavity inter-lock 顶针:ejector pin 司筒:ejector sleeve司筒针:ejector pin 推板:stripper plate缩呵:movable core,return core core puller扣机(尼龙拉勾):nylon latch lock 斜顶:lifter模胚(架):mold base 上内模:cavity insert下内模:core insert 行位(滑块):slide镶件:insert 压座/斜鸡:wedge耐磨板/油板:wedge wear plate 压条:plate撑头: support pillar 唧嘴:sprue bushing挡板:stop plate 定位圈:locating ring锁扣:latch 扣鸡:parting lock set推杆:push bar 栓打螺丝:S.H.S.B顶板:eracuretun 活动臂:lever arm分流锥:spure sperader 水口司:bush垃圾钉:stop pin 隔片:buffle弹弓柱:spring rod 弹弓:die spring中托司:ejector guide bush 中托边:ejector guide pin镶针:pin 销子:dowel pin波子弹弓:ball catch模具成形不良用语英汉对照aberration 色差atomization ?化bank mark ?料纹bite 咬入blacking hole 涂料孔(铸疵) blacking scab 涂料疤blister 起泡blooming 起霜low hole 破孔blushing 泛白body wrinkle 侧壁皱纹breaking-in 冒口带肉bubble 膜泡burn mark 糊斑burr 毛边camber 翘曲cell 气泡center buckle 表面中部波皱check 细裂痕checking 龟裂chipping 修整表面缺陷clamp-off 铸件凹痕collapse 塌陷color mottle 色斑corrosion 腐蚀crack 裂痕crazing 碎裂crazing 龟裂deformation 变形edge 切边碎片edge crack 裂边fading 退色filler speak 填充料斑fissure 裂纹flange wrinkle 凸缘起皱flaw 刮伤flow mark 流痕galling 毛边glazing 光滑gloss 光泽grease pits 污斑grinding defect 磨痕haircrack 发裂haze 雾度incrustation 水锈indentation 压痕internal porosity 内部气孔mismatch 偏模mottle 斑点necking 缩颈nick 割痕orange peel 橘皮状表面缺陷overflow 溢流peeling 剥离pit 坑pitting corrosion 点状腐蚀plate mark 模板印痕pock 麻点pock mark 痘斑resin streak 树脂流纹resin wear 树脂脱落riding 凹陷sagging 松垂saponification 皂化scar 疤痕scrap 废料scrap jam 废料阻塞scratch 刮伤/划痕scuffing 深冲表面划伤seam 裂痕shock line 模口挤痕short shot 充填不足shrinkage pool 凹孔sink mark 凹痕skin inclusion 表皮折叠straightening 矫直streak 条状痕surface check 表面裂痕surface roughening 橘皮状表皮皱折surging 波动sweat out 冒汗torsion 扭曲warpage 翘曲waviness 波痕webbing 熔塌weld mark 焊痕whitening 白化wrinkle 皱纹各式模具分类用语英汉对照landed plunger mold 有肩柱塞式模具burnishing die 挤光模landed positive mold 有肩全压式模具button die 镶入式圆形凹模loading shoe mold 料套式模具center-gated mold 中心浇口式模具loose detail mold 活零件模具chill mold 冷硬用铸模loose mold 活动式模具clod hobbing 冷挤压制模louvering die 百叶窗冲切模composite dies 复合模具manifold die 分歧管模具counter punch 反凸模modular mold 组合式模具double stack mold 双层模具multi-cavity mold 多模穴模具electroformed mold 电铸成形模multi-gate mold 复式浇口模具expander die 扩径模offswt bending die 双折冷弯模具extrusion die 挤出模palletizing die 叠层模family mold 反套制品模具plaster mold 石膏模blank through dies 漏件式落料模porous mold 通气性模具duplicated cavity plate 复板模positive mold 全压式模具fantail die 扇尾形模具pressure die 压紧模fishtail die 鱼尾形模具profile die 轮廓模flash mold 溢料式模具progressive die 顺序模gypsum mold 石膏铸模protable mold 手提式模具hot-runner mold 热流道模具prototype mold 雏形试验模具ingot mold 钢锭模punching die 落料模lancing die 切口模raising(embossing) 压花起伏成形re-entrant mold 倒角式模具sectional die 拼合模runless injection mold 无流道冷料模具sectional die 对合模具segment mold 组合模semi-positive mold 半全压式模具shaper 定型模套single cavity mold 单腔模具solid forging die 整体锻模split forging die 拼合锻模split mold 双并式模具sprueless mold 无注道残料模具squeezing die 挤压模stretch form die 拉伸成形模sweeping mold 平刮铸模swing die 振动模具three plates mold 三片式模具trimming die 切边模unit mold 单元式模具universal mold 通用模具unscrewing mold 退扣式模具yoke type die 轭型模各种模具常用成形方式英汉对照accurate die casting 精密压铸powder forming 粉末成形calendaring molding 压延成形powder metal forging 粉末锻造cold chamber die casting 冷式压铸precision forging 精密锻造cold forging 冷锻press forging 冲锻compacting molding 粉末压出成形rocking die forging 摇动锻造compound molding 复合成形rotary forging 回转锻造compression molding 压缩成形rotational molding 离心成形dip mold 浸渍成形rubber molding 橡胶成形encapsulation molding 注入成形sand mold casting 砂模铸造extrusion molding 挤出成形shell casting 壳模铸造foam forming ?泡成形sinter forging 烧结锻造forging roll 轧锻six sides forging 六面锻造gravity casting 重力铸造slush molding 凝塑成形hollow(blow) molding 中空(吹出)成形squeeze casting 高压铸造hot chamber die casting 热室压铸swaging 挤锻hot forging 热锻transfer molding 转送成形injection molding 射出成形warm forging 温锻investment casting 精密铸造matched die method 对模成形法laminating method 被覆淋膜成形low pressure casting 低压铸造lost wax casting 脱蜡铸造matched mould thermal forming 对模热成形模机械类常用英语:冲压模具-零件类punch冲头insert入块(嵌入件)deburring punch压毛边冲子groove punch压线冲子stamped punch字模冲子round punch圆冲子special shape punch异形冲子bending block折刀roller滚轴baffle plate挡块located block定位块supporting block for location定位支承块air cushion plate气垫板air-cushion eject-rod气垫顶杆trimming punch切边冲子stiffening rib punch = stinger 加强筋冲子ribbon punch压筋冲子reel-stretch punch卷圆压平冲子guide plate定位板sliding block滑块sliding dowel block滑块固定块active plate活动板lower sliding plate下滑块板upper holder block上压块upper mid plate上中间板spring box弹簧箱spring-box eject-rod弹簧箱顶杆spring-box eject-plate弹簧箱顶板bushing bolck衬套cover plate盖板guide pad导料块机械类常用英语:冲压模具-模板类top plate上托板(顶板)top block上垫脚punch set上模座punch pad上垫板punch holder上夹板stripper pad脱料背板up stripper上脱料板male die公模(凸模) feature die公母模female die母模(凹模) upper plate上模板lower plate下模板die pad下垫板die holder下夹板die set下模座bottom block下垫脚bottom plate下托板(底板) stripping plate内外打(脱料板) outer stripper外脱料板inner stripper内脱料板lower stripper下脱料板冲压模具-冲压名称类英汉对照plain die简易模pierce die冲孔模forming die成型模progressive die连续模gang dies复合模shearing die剪边模riveting die铆合模pierce冲孔forming成型(抽凸,冲凸) draw hole抽孔bending折弯trim切边emboss凸点dome凸圆semi-shearing半剪stamp mark冲记号deburr or coin压毛边punch riveting冲压铆合side stretch侧冲压平reel stretch卷圆压平groove压线blanking下料stamp letter冲字(料号) shearing剪断tick-mark nearside正面压印tick-mark farside反面压印extension dwg展开图procedure dwg工程图die structure dwg模具结构图material材质material thickness料片厚度factor系数upward向上downward向下press specification冲床规格die height range适用模高die height闭模高度burr毛边gap间隙weight重量total wt.总重量punch wt.上模重量模具工程常用词汇英汉对照——3high-speed transmission高速传递heat dissipation热传rack上料degrease脱脂rinse水洗alkaline etch龄咬desmut剥黑膜D.I. rinse纯水次Chromate铬酸处理Anodize阳性处理seal封孔revision版次part number/P/N料号good products良品scraped products报放心品defective products不良品finished products成品disposed products处理品barcode条码flow chart流程表单assembly组装stamping冲压molding成型spare parts=buffer备品coordinate座标dismantle the die折模auxiliary fuction辅助功能poly-line多义线heater band 加热片thermocouple热电偶sand blasting喷沙grit 砂砾derusting machine除锈机degate打浇口dryer烘干机induction感应induction light感应光response=reaction=interaction感应ram连杆edge finder巡边器concave凸convex凹short射料不足nick缺口speck瑕??shine亮班splay 银纹gas mark焦痕delamination起鳞cold slug冷块blush 导色gouge沟槽;凿槽satin texture段面咬花witness line证示线patent专利grit沙砾granule=peuet=grain细粒grit maker抽粒机cushion缓冲magnalium镁铝合金magnesium镁金metal plate钣金lathe车mill锉plane刨grind磨drill铝boring镗blinster气泡fillet镶;嵌边through-hole form通孔形式voller pin formality滚针形式cam driver铡楔shank摸柄crank shaft曲柄轴augular offset角度偏差velocity速度production tempo生产进度现状torque扭矩spline=the multiple keys花键quenching淬火tempering回火annealing退火carbonization碳化alloy合金tungsten high speed steel钨高速的moly high speed steel钼高速的organic solvent有机溶剂bracket小磁导liaison联络单volatile挥发性resistance电阻ion离子titrator滴定仪beacon警示灯coolant冷却液crusher破碎机模具工程常用词汇英汉对照——2stock age analysis sheet库存货龄分析表on-hand inventory现有库存available material良品可使用obsolete material良品已呆滞to be inspected or reworked 待验或重工total合计cause description原因说明part number/ P/N 料号type形态item/group/class类别quality品质prepared by制表notes说明year-end physical inventory difference analysis sheet年终盘点差异分析表physical inventory盘点数量physical count quantity帐面数量difference quantity差异量cause analysis原因分析raw materials原料materials物料finished product成品semi-finished product半成品packing materials包材good product/accepted goods/ accepted parts/good parts良品defective product/non-good parts不良品disposed goods处理品warehouse/hub仓库on way location在途仓oversea location海外仓spare parts physical inventory list备品盘点清单spare molds location模具备品仓skid/pallet栈板tox machine自铆机wire EDM线割EDM放电机coil stock卷料sheet stock片料tolerance工差score=groove压线cam block滑块pilot导正筒trim剪外边pierce剪内边drag form压锻差pocket for the punch head挂钩槽slug hole废料孔feature die公母模expansion dwg展开图radius半径shim(wedge)楔子torch-flame cut火焰切割set screw止付螺丝form block折刀stop pin定位销round pierce punch=die button圆冲子shape punch=die insert异形子stock locater block定位块under cut=scrap chopper清角active plate活动板baffle plate挡块cover plate盖板male die公模female die母模groove punch压线冲子air-cushion eject-rod气垫顶杆spring-box eject-plate弹簧箱顶板bushing block衬套insert 入块club car高尔夫球车capability能力parameter参数factor系数phosphate皮膜化成viscosity涂料粘度alkalidipping脱脂main manifold主集流脉bezel斜视规blanking穿落模dejecting顶固模demagnetization去磁;消磁模具工程常用词汇英汉对照die 模具figure file, chart file图档cutting die, blanking die冲裁模progressive die, follow (-on)die连续模compound die复合模punched hole冲孔panel board镶块to cutedges=side cut=side scrap切边to bending折弯to pull, to stretch拉伸Line streching, line pulling线拉伸engraving, to engrave刻印upsiding down edges翻边to stake铆合designing, to design设计design modification设计变化die block模块folded block折弯块sliding block滑块location pin定位销lifting pin顶料销die plate, front board模板padding block垫块stepping bar垫条upper die base上模座lower die base下模座upper supporting blank上承板upper padding plate blank上垫板spare dies模具备品spring 弹簧bolt螺栓document folder文件夹file folder资料夹to put file in order整理资料spare tools location手工备品仓first count初盘人first check初盘复棹人second count 复盘人second check复盘复核人equipment设备waste materials废料work in progress product在制品casing = containerazation装箱quantity of physical invetory second count 复盘点数量quantity of customs count会计师盘,点数量the first page第一联filed by accounting department for reference会计部存查end-user/using unit(department)使用单位summary of year-end physical inventory bills年终盘点截止单据汇总表bill name单据名称This sheet and physical inventory list will be sent to accountingdepartment together (Those of NHK will be sent to financialdepartment)本表请与盘点清册一起送会计部-(NHK 厂区送财会部)Application status records of year-end physical inventory List andphysical inventory card 年终盘点卡与清册使用-状况明细表blank and waste sheet NO.空白与作废单号plate电镀mold成型material for engineering mold testing工程试模材料not included in physical inventory不列入盘点sample样品incoming material to be inspected进货待验description品名steel/rolled steel钢材material statistics sheet物料统计明细表meeting minutes会议记录meeting type 会别distribution department分发单位location地点chairman主席present members出席人员subject主题conclusion结论decision items决议事项responsible department负责单位pre-fixed finishing date预定完成日approved by / checked by / prepared by核准/审核/承办PCE assembly production schedule sheet PCE组装厂生产排配表model机锺work order工令revision版次remark备注production control confirmation生产确认checked by初审approved by核准department部门模具钢材及零件英语模具钢材alloy tool steel 合金工具钢aluminium alloy 铝合金钢bearing alloy 轴承合金blister steel 浸碳钢bonderized steel sheet 邦德防蚀钢板carbon tool steel 碳素工具钢clad sheet 被覆板clod work die steel 冷锻模用钢emery 金钢砂ferrostatic pressure 钢铁水静压力forging die steel 锻造模用钢galvanized steel sheet 镀锌铁板hard alloy steel 超硬合金钢high speed tool steel 高速度工具钢hot work die steel 热锻模用钢low alloy tool steel 特殊工具钢low manganese casting steel 低锰铸钢marging steel 马式体高强度热处理钢martrix alloy 马特里斯合金meehanite cast iron 米汉纳铸钢meehanite metal 米汉纳铁merchant iron 市售钢材molybdenum high speed steel 钼系高速钢molybdenum steel 钼钢nickel chromium steel 镍铬钢prehardened steel 顶硬钢silicon steel sheet 硅钢板stainless steel 不锈钢tin plated steel sheet 镀锡铁板tough pitch copper 韧铜troostite 吐粒散铁tungsten steel 钨钢vinyl tapped steel sheet 塑料覆面钢板零件英语punch冲头insert入块(嵌入件)deburring punch压毛边冲子groove punch压线冲子stamped punch字模冲子round punch圆冲子special shape punch异形冲子bending block折刀roller滚轴baffle plate挡块located block定位块supporting block for location 定位支承块air cushion plate气垫板air-cushion eject-rod气垫顶杆trimming punch切边冲子stiffening rib punch = stinger 加强筋冲子ribbon punch压筋冲子reel-stretch punch卷圆压平冲子guide plate定位板sliding block滑块sliding dowel block滑块固定块active plate活动板lower sliding plate下滑块板upper holder block上压块upper mid plate上中间板spring box弹簧箱spring-box eject-rod弹簧箱顶杆spring-box eject-plate弹簧箱顶板bushing bolck衬套cover plate盖板guide pad导料块塑件&模具相关英文compre sion molding压缩成型flash mold溢流式模具plsitive mold挤压式模具split mold分割式模具cavity型控母模core模心公模taper锥拔leather cloak仿皮革shiver饰纹flow mark流痕welding mark溶合痕post screw insert螺纹套筒埋值self tapping screw自攻螺丝striper plate脱料板piston活塞cylinder汽缸套chip细碎物handle mold手持式模具移转成型用模具encapsulation molding低压封装成型射出成型用模具two plate两极式(模具)well type蓄料井insulated runner绝缘浇道方式hot runner热浇道runner plat浇道模块valve gate阀门浇口band heater环带状的电热器spindle阀针spear head刨尖头slag well冷料井cold slag冷料渣air vent排气道h=0.02~0.05mmw=3.2mmL=3~5mmwelding line熔合痕eject pin顶出针knock pin顶出销return pin回位销反顶针sleave套筒stripper plate脱料板insert core放置入子runner stripper plate浇道脱料板guide pin导销eject rod (bar)(成型机)顶业捧subzero深冷处理three plate三极式模具runner system浇道系统stress crack应力电裂orientation定向sprue gate射料浇口,直浇口nozzle射嘴slag well冷料井side gate侧浇口edge gate侧缘浇口tab gate搭接浇口film gate薄膜浇口flash gate闸门浇口slit gate缝隙浇口fan gate扇形浇口dish gate因盘形浇口H=F=1/2t~1/5tT=2.5~3.5mmdiaphragm gate隔膜浇口ring gate环形浇口subarine gate潜入式浇口tunnel gate隧道式浇口pin gate针点浇口Φ0.8~1.0mmRunner less无浇道(sprue less)无射料管方式long nozzle延长喷嘴方式sprue浇口;溶渣sprue lock pin料头钩销(拉料杆)加为好友只看该作者塑件模具相关英文——10eject pin顶出针knock pin顶出销return pin回位销反顶针sleave套筒stripper plate脱料板insert core放置入子runner stripper plate浇道脱料板guide pin导销eject rod (bar)(成型机)顶业捧subzero深冷处理three plate三极式模具runner system浇道系统stress crack应力电裂orientation定向sprue gate射料浇口,直浇口nozzle射嘴sprue lock pin料头钩销(拉料杆) slag well冷料井side gate侧浇口edge gate侧缘浇口tab gate搭接浇口film gate薄膜浇口flash gate闸门浇口slit gate缝隙浇口fan gate扇形浇口dish gate因盘形浇口diaphragm gate隔膜浇口ring gate环形浇口subarine gate潜入式浇口tunnel gate隧道式浇口pin gate针点浇口Runner less无浇道(sprue less)无射料管方式long nozzle延长喷嘴方式sprue浇口;溶渣塑件模具相关英文——9compre sion molding压缩成型flash mold溢流式模具plsitive mold挤压式模具split mold分割式模具cavity型控母模core模心公模taper锥拔leather cloak仿皮革shiver饰纹flow mark流痕welding mark溶合痕post screw insert螺纹套筒埋值self tapping screw自攻螺丝striper plate脱料板piston活塞cylinder汽缸套chip细碎物handle mold手持式模具encapsulation molding低压封装成型、射出成型用模具two plate两极式(模具)well type蓄料井insulated runner绝缘浇道方式hot runner热浇道runner plat浇道模块valve gate阀门浇口band heater环带状的电热器spindle阀针spear head刨尖头slag well冷料井cold slag冷料渣air vent排气道welding line熔合痕模具相关英语——8stop screw止付螺丝located pin定位销outer bush外导套模板类top plate上托板(顶板)top block上垫脚punch set上模座punch pad上垫板punch holder上夹板stripper pad脱料背板up stripper上脱料板male die公模(凸模)feature die公母模female die母模(凹模)upper plate上模板lower plate下模板die pad下垫板die holder下夹板die set下模座bottom block下垫脚bottom plate下托板(底板) stripping plate内外打(脱料板) outer stripper外脱料板inner stripper内脱料板lower stripper下脱料板零件类punch冲头insert入块(嵌入件) deburring punch压毛边冲子groove punch压线冲子stamped punch字模冲子round punch圆冲子special shape punch异形冲子bending block折刀roller滚轴baffle plate挡块located block定位块supporting block for location 定位支承块air cushion plate气垫板air-cushion eject-rod气垫顶杆trimming punch切边冲子stiffening rib punch = stinger 加强筋冲子ribbon punch压筋冲子reel-stretch punch卷圆压平冲子guide plate定位板sliding block滑块模具相关英语——7emboss凸点dome凸圆semi-shearing半剪stamp mark冲记号deburr or coin压毛边punch riveting冲压铆合side stretch侧冲压平reel stretch卷圆压平groove压线blanking下料stamp letter冲字(料号) shearing剪断tick-mark nearside正面压印tick-mark farside反面压印冲压名称类extension dwg展开图procedure dwg工程图die structure dwg模具结构图material材质material thickness料片厚度factor系数upward向上downward向下press specification冲床规格die height range适用模高die height闭模高度burr毛边gap间隙weight重量total wt.总重量punch wt.上模重量五金零件类inner guiding post内导柱inner hexagon screw内六角螺钉dowel pin固定销coil spring弹簧lifter pin顶料销eq-height sleeves=spool等高套筒pin销lifter guide pin浮升导料销guide pin导正销wire spring圆线弹簧outer guiding post外导柱模具相关英语——6drill钻boring镗blinster气泡fillet镶;嵌边through-hole form通孔形式voller pin formality滚针形式cam driver铡楔shank摸柄crank shaft曲柄轴augular offset角度偏差velocity速度production tempo生产进度现状torque扭矩spline=the multiple keys 花键quenching淬火tempering回火annealing退火carbonization碳化alloy合金tungsten high speed steel钨高速的moly high speed steel钼高速的organic solvent有机溶剂bracket小磁导liaison联络单volatile挥发性resistance电阻ion离子titrator滴定仪beacon警示灯coolant冷却液crusher破碎机模具工程类plain die简易模pierce die冲孔模forming die成型模progressive die连续模gang dies复合模shearing die剪边模riveting die铆合模pierce冲孔forming成型(抽凸,冲凸)draw hole抽孔bending折弯trim切边模具相关英语——5spare parts=buffer备品coordinate坐标dismantle the die折模auxiliary fuction辅助功能poly-line多义线heater band 加热片thermocouple热电偶sand blasting喷沙grit 砂砾derusting machine除锈机degate打浇口dryer烘干机induction感应induction light感应光response=reaction=interaction感应ram连杆edge finder巡边器concave 凹convex凸short射料不足nick缺口speck瑕疪shine亮班splay 银纹gas mark焦痕delamination起鳞cold slug冷块blush 导色gouge沟槽;凿槽satin texture段面咬花witness line证示线patent专利grit沙砾granule=peuet=grain细粒grit maker抽粒机cushion缓冲magnalium镁铝合金magnesium镁金metal plate钣金lathe车mill锉plane刨grind磨模具相关英语——4baffle plate挡块cover plate盖板male die公模female die母模groove punch压线冲子air-cushion eject-rod气垫顶杆spring-box eject-plate弹簧箱顶板bushing block衬套insert 入块club car高尔夫球车capability能力parameter参数factor系数phosphate皮膜化成viscosity涂料粘度alkalidipping脱脂main manifold主集流脉bezel斜视规blanking穿落模dejecting顶固模demagnetization去磁;消磁high-speed transmission高速传递heat dissipation热传rack上料degrease脱脂rinse水洗alkaline etch龄咬desmut剥黑膜D.I. rinse纯水次Chromate铬酸处理Anodize阳性处理seal封孔revision版次part number/P/N料号good products良品scraped products报放心品defective products不良品finished products成品disposed products处理品barcode条形码flow chart流程窗体assembly组装stamping冲压molding成型模具相关英语——3difference quantity差异量cause analysis原因分析raw materials原料materials物料finished product成品semi-finished product半成品packing materials包材good product/accepted goods/ accepted parts/good parts良品defective product/non-good parts不良品disposed goods处理品warehouse/hub仓库on way location在途仓oversea location海外仓spare parts physical inventory list备品盘点清单spare molds location模具备品仓skid/pallet栈板tox machine自铆机wire EDM线割EDM放电机coil stock卷料sheet stock片料tolerance工差score=groove压线cam block滑块pilot导正筒trim剪外边pierce剪内边drag form压锻差pocket for the punch head挂钩槽slug hole废料孔feature die公母模expansion dwg展开图radius半径shim(wedge)楔子torch-flame cut火焰切割set screw止付螺丝form block折刀stop pin定位销round pierce punch=die button圆冲子shape punch=die insert异形子stock locater block定位块under cut=scrap chopper清角active plate活动板模具相关英语——2steel/rolled steel钢材material statistics sheet 物料统计明细表meeting minutes会议记录meeting type 会别distribution department分发单位location地点chairman主席present members出席人员subject主题conclusion结论decision items决议事项responsible department负责单位pre-fixed finishing date预定完成日approved by / checked by / prepared by核准/审核/承办PCE assembly production schedule sheet PCE组装厂生产排配表model机钟work order工令revision版次remark备注production control confirmation生产确认checked by初审approved by核准department部门stock age analysis sheet库存货龄分析表on-hand inventory现有库存available material良品可使用obsolete material良品已呆滞to be inspected or reworked待验或重工total合计cause description原因说明part number/ P/N 料号type形态item/group/class类别quality品质prepared by制表notes说明year-end physical inventory difference analysis sheet年终盘点差异分析表physical inventory盘点数量physical count quantity帐面数量模具相关英语——1padding block垫块stepping bar垫条upper die base上模座lower die base下模座upper supporting blank上承板upper padding plate blank上垫板spare dies模具备品spring 弹簧bolt螺栓document folder活页夹file folder资料夹to put file in order整理资料spare tools location手工备品仓first count初盘人first check初盘复棹人second count 复盘人second check复盘复核人equipment设备waste materials废料work in progress product在制品casing = containerazation装箱quantity of physical invetory second count 复盘点数量quantity of customs count会计师盘,点数量the first page第一联filed by accounting department for reference会计部存查end-user/using unit(department)使用单位summary of year-end physical inventory bills年终盘点截止单据汇总表bill name单据名称This sheet and physical inventory list will be sent to accounting departmenttogether (Those of NHK will be sent to financial department)本表请与盘点清册一起送会计部-(NHK 厂区送财会部)Application status records of year-end physical inventory List and physicalinventory card 年终盘点卡与清册使用-状况明细表blank and waste sheet NO.空白与作废单号plate电镀mold成型material for engineering mold testing工程试模材料not included in physical inventory不列入盘点sample样品incoming material to be inspected进货待验description品名101个热处理常用英文词汇1. indication 缺陷2. test specimen 试样3. bar 棒材4. stock 原料5. billet 方钢,钢方坯6. bloom 钢坯,钢锭7. section 型材8. steel ingot 钢锭9. blank 坯料,半成品10. cast steel 铸钢11. nodular cast iron 球墨铸铁12. ductile cast iron 球墨铸铁13. bronze 青铜14. brass 黄铜15. copper 合金16. stainless steel不锈钢17. decarburization 脱碳18. scale 氧化皮19. anneal 退火20. process anneal 进行退火21. quenching 淬火22. normalizing 正火23. Charpy impact text 夏比冲击试验24. fatigue 疲劳25. tensile testing 拉伸试验26. solution 固溶处理27. aging 时效处理28. Vickers hardness维氏硬度29. Rockwell hardness 洛氏硬度30. Brinell hardness 布氏硬度31. hardness tester硬度计32. descale 除污,除氧化皮等33. ferrite 铁素体34. austenite 奥氏体35. martensite马氏体36. cementite 渗碳体37. iron carbide 渗碳体38. solid solution 固溶体39. sorbite 索氏体40. bainite 贝氏体41. pearlite 珠光体42. nodular fine pearlite/ troostite屈氏体43. black oxide coating 发黑44. grain 晶粒45. chromium 铬46. cadmium 镉47. tungsten 钨48. molybdenum 钼49. manganese 锰50. vanadium 钒51. molybdenum 钼52. silicon 硅53. sulfer/sulphur 硫54. phosphor/ phosphorus 磷55. nitrided 氮化的56. case hardening 表面硬化,表面淬硬57. air cooling 空冷58. furnace cooling 炉冷59. oil cooling 油冷60. electrocladding /plating 电镀61. brittleness 脆性62. strength 强度63. rigidity 刚性,刚度64. creep 蠕变65. deflection 挠度66. elongation 延伸率67. yield strength 屈服强度68. elastoplasticity 弹塑性69. metallographic structure 金相组织70. metallographic test 金相试验71. carbon content 含碳量72. induction hardening 感应淬火73. impedance matching 感应淬火74. hardening and tempering 调质75. crack 裂纹76. shrinkage 缩孔,疏松77. forging 锻(件)78. casting 铸(件)79. rolling 轧(件)80. drawing 拉(件)81. shot blasting 喷丸(处理)82. grit blasting 喷钢砂(处理)83. sand blasting 喷砂(处理)84. carburizing 渗碳85. nitriding 渗氮86. ageing/aging 时效87. grain size 晶粒度88. pore 气孔89. sonim 夹砂90. cinder inclusion 夹渣91. lattice晶格92. abrasion/abrasive/rub/wear/wearing resistance (property) 耐磨性93. spectrum analysis光谱分析94. heat/thermal treatment 热处理95. inclusion 夹杂物96. segregation 偏析97. picking 酸洗,酸浸98. residual stress 残余应力99. remaining stress 残余应力100. relaxation of residual stress 消除残余应力101. stress relief 应力释放模具相关英语(5)semi-shearing半剪stamp mark冲记号deburr or coin压毛边punch riveting冲压铆合side stretch侧冲压平reel stretch卷圆压平groove压线blanking下料stamp letter冲字(料号) shearing剪断tick-mark nearside正面压印tick-mark farside反面压印冲压名称类extension dwg展开图procedure dwg工程图die structure dwg模具结构图material材质material thickness料片厚度factor系数upward向上downward向下press specification冲床规格die height range适用模高die height闭模高度burr毛边gap间隙weight重量total wt.总重量punch wt.上模重量五金零件类inner guiding post内导柱inner hexagon screw内六角螺钉dowel pin固定销coil spring弹簧lifter pin顶料销eq-height sleeves=spool等高套筒pin销lifter guide pin浮升导料销guide pin导正销wire spring圆线弹簧outer guiding post外导柱stop screw止付螺丝located pin定位销outer bush外导套模板类top plate上托板(顶板)top block上垫脚punch set上模座punch pad上垫板punch holder上夹板stripper pad脱料背板up stripper上脱料板male die公模(凸模) feature die公母模female die母模(凹模) upper plate上模板lower plate下模板die pad下垫板die holder下夹板die set下模座bottom block下垫脚bottom plate下托板(底板) stripping plate内外打(脱料板) outer stripper外脱料板inner stripper内脱料板lower stripper下脱料板零件类punch冲头insert入块(嵌入件) deburring punch压毛边冲子groove punch压线冲子stamped punch字模冲子round punch圆冲子special shape punch异形冲子bending block折刀roller滚轴baffle plate挡块located block定位块supporting block for location定位支承块air cushion plate气垫板air-cushion eject-rod气垫顶杆trimming punch切边冲子stiffening rib punch = stinger 加强筋冲子ribbon punch压筋冲子reel-stretch punch卷圆压平冲子guide plate定位板sliding block滑块模具相关英语(4)coordinate坐标dismantle the die折模auxiliary fuction辅助功能poly-line多义线heater band 加热片thermocouple热电偶sand blasting喷沙grit 砂砾derusting machine除锈机degate打浇口dryer烘干机induction感应induction light感应光response=reaction=interaction感应ram连杆edge finder巡边器concave 凹convex凸short射料不足nick缺口speck瑕疪shine亮班splay 银纹gas mark焦痕delamination起鳞cold slug冷块blush 导色gouge沟槽;凿槽satin texture段面咬花witness line证示线patent专利grit沙砾granule=peuet=grain细粒grit maker抽粒机cushion缓冲magnalium镁铝合金magnesium镁金metal plate钣金lathe车mill锉plane刨grind磨drill钻boring镗blinster气泡fillet镶;嵌边through-hole form通孔形式voller pin formality滚针形式cam driver铡楔shank摸柄crank shaft曲柄轴augular offset角度偏差velocity速度production tempo生产进度现状torque扭矩spline=the multiple keys花键quenching淬火tempering回火annealing退火carbonization碳化alloy合金tungsten high speed steel钨高速的moly high speed steel钼高速的organic solvent有机溶剂bracket小磁导liaison联络单volatile挥发性resistance电阻ion离子titrator滴定仪beacon警示灯coolant冷却液crusher破碎机模具工程类plain die简易模pierce die冲孔模forming die成型模progressive die连续模gang dies复合模shearing die剪边模riveting die铆合模pierce冲孔forming成型(抽凸,冲凸) draw hole抽孔bending折弯trim切边emboss凸点dome凸圆。

注塑模具术语中英文对照表

注塑模具术语中英文对照表
resin
142
润滑剂
lubricant
143
黏结剂
adhesive
144
催化剂
accelerator
145
添加剂
additive
146
抗氧化剂
antioxidant
147
抗静电剂
antigtatic agent
148
着色剂
colorant
149
稳定剂
stabilizer
150
增塑剂
plasticizer
95
推块
push bar
96
锁扣
latch
97
活动臂
lever arm
98
复位杆
Return pin
99
撬模槽
ply bar score
100
斜度锁
taper lock
101
直身锁(边锁)
side lock
102
锁模块
lock plate
103
扣基
parting lock set
104
螺钉
screw
37
二板模
two-plate mold
38
双层模
two-plate mould
39
三层模
three-plate mould
40
模架(坯)
mold base
41
定位圈
locating ring
42
浇口套
sprue bushing
43
固定板
retainer plate
44
托板
support plate
45

塑料模具常用术语(中英文)

塑料模具常用术语(中英文)

根据国家标准,以下为部分塑料模具成形术语的标准翻译。

序号中文英语3.1.2 动模movable mould moving half3.2.1 定模座板fixed clamp plate, top clamping plate. top plate3.2.2 动模座板moving clamp plate. bottom clamping plate. bottom plate3.2.3 上模座板upper clamping plate3.2.4 下模座板lower clamping plate3.2.5 凹模固定板cavity-retainer plate3.2.6 型芯固定板core-retainer plate3.2.7 凸模固定板punch-retainer plate3.2.8 模套chase. bolster. frame3.2.9 支承板backing plate. supprr plate3.2.10 垫块spacer parallel3.2.11 支架ejector housing. mould base leg根据国家标准,以下为部分压铸模具术语的标准翻译。

序号中文英语2 压力铸造模具die-casting die3 压铸模零部件3.1 定模fixed die, cover die3.2 定模座板fixed clamping plate3.1.3 定模套板bolstor, fixed die3.2 动模moving die,ejector die3.2.2 动模座板moving clamping plate3.1 直流道sprue3.1.1 横流道runner3.1.2 内浇口gatelanded plunger mold||有肩柱塞式模具burnishing die||挤光模landed positive mold||有肩全压式模具button die||镶入式圆形凹模loading shoe mold||料套式模具center-gated mold||中心浇口式模具loose detail mold||活零件模具chill mold||冷硬用铸模loose mold||活动式模具clod hobbing||冷挤压制模louvering die||百叶窗冲切模composite dies||复合模具manifold die||分歧管模具counter punch||反凸模modular mold||组合式模具double stack mold||双层模具multi-cavity mold||多模穴模具electroformed mold||电铸成形模multi-gate mold||复式浇口模具expander die||扩径模offswt bending die||双折冷弯模具extrusion die||挤出模palletizing die||叠层模family mold||反套制品模具plaster mold||石膏模blank through dies||漏件式落料模porous mold||通气性模具duplicated cavity plate||复板模positive mold||全压式模具fantail die||扇尾形模具pressure die||压紧模fishtail die||鱼尾形模具profile die||轮廓模flash mold||溢料式模具progressive die||顺序模gypsum mold||石膏铸模protable mold||手提式模具hot-runner mold||热流道模具prototype mold||雏形试验模具ingot mold||钢锭模punching die||落料模lancing die||切口模raising(embossing)||压花起伏成形re-entrant mold||倒角式模具sectional die||拼合模runless injection mold||无流道冷料模具sectional die||对合模具segment mold||组合模semi-positive mold||半全压式模具shaper||定型模套single cavity mold||单腔模具solid forging die||整体锻模split forging die||拼合锻模split mold||双并式模具sprueless mold||无注道残料模具squeezing die||挤压模stretch form die||拉伸成形模sweeping mold||平刮铸模swing die||振动模具three plates mold||三片式模具trimming die||切边模unit mold||单元式模具universal mold||通用模具unscrewing mold||退扣式模具yoke type die||轭型模。

塑料模具中英文解释大全

塑料模具中英文解释大全

塑料模具中英文解释大全一、入水:gate进入位:gate location水口形式:gate type大水口:edge gate细水口: pin-point gate水口大小:gate size转水口:switching runner/gate唧嘴口径:sprue diameter二、流道: runner热流道:hot runner,hot manifold 热嘴冷流道: hot sprue/cold runner 唧嘴直流: direct sprue gate圆形流道:round (full/half runner) 流道电脑分析:mold flow analysis 流道平衡:runner balance热嘴:hot sprue热流道板:hot manifold发热管:cartridge heater探针: thermocouples插头:connector plug插座: connector socket密封/封料: seal三、运水:water line 喉塞:line lpug喉管:tube塑胶管:plastic tube快速接头:jiffy quick connector plug/socker 四、模具零件:mold components三板模:3-plate mold二板模:2-plate mold边钉/导边:leader pin/guide pin边司/导套:bushing/guide bushing中托司:shoulder guide bushing中托边L:guide pin顶针板:ejector retainner plate托板:support plate螺丝: screw管钉:dowel pin开模槽:ply bar scot内模管位:core/cavity inter-lock顶针:ejector pin司筒:ejector sleeve司筒针:ejector pin推板:stripper plate缩呵:movable core,return core core puller 扣机(尼龙拉勾):nylon latch lock斜顶:lifter模胚(架): mold base上内模:cavity insert下内模:core insert行位(滑块): slide镶件:insert压座/斜鸡:wedge耐磨板/油板:wedge wear plate 压条:plate撑头: support pillar唧嘴: sprue bushing挡板:stop plate定位圈:locating ring锁扣:latch扣鸡:parting lock set推杆:push bar栓打螺丝:S.H.S.B顶板:eracuretun活动臂:lever arm分流锥:spure sperader水口司:bush垃圾钉:stop pin隔片:buffle弹弓柱:spring rod弹弓:die spring中托司:ejector guide bush中托边:ejector guide pin 镶针:pin销子:dowel pin波子弹弓:ball catch喉塞: pipe plug锁模块:lock plate斜顶:angle from pin斜顶杆:angle ejector rod尼龙拉勾:parting locks活动臂:lever arm复位键、提前回杆:early return bar气阀:valves斜导边:angle pin术语:terms承压平面平衡:parting surface support balance模排气:parting line venting回针碰料位:return pin and cavity interference模总高超出啤机规格:mold base shut hight顶针碰运水:water line interferes withejector pin 料位出上/下模:part from cavith (core) side模胚原身出料位:cavity direct cut on A-plate,core direct cut on B-plate.不准用镶件: Do not use (core/cavity) insert用铍铜做镶件: use beryllium copper insert初步(正式)模图设计:preliinary (final) mold design 反呵:reverse core弹弓压缩量:spring compressed length稳定性好:good stability,stable强度不够:insufficient rigidity均匀冷却:even cooling扣模:sticking热膨胀:thero expansion公差:tolorance铜公(电极):copper electrode提问者:xiaoli-试用期 (一级)-2008-6-8 8:02:37其他回答共2条一、入水:gate进入位:gate location水口形式:gate type大水口:edge gate细水口: pin-point gate水口大小:gate size转水口:switching runner/gate唧嘴口径:sprue diameter二、流道: runner热流道:hot runner,hot manifold热嘴冷流道: hot sprue/cold runner唧嘴直流: direct sprue gate圆形流道:round (full/half runner)流道电脑分析:mold flow analysis流道平衡:runner balance热嘴:hot sprue 热流道板:hot manifold发热管:cartridge heater探针: thermocouples插头:connector plug插座: connector socket密封/封料: seal三、运水:water line喉塞:line lpug喉管:tube塑胶管:plastic tube快速接头:jiffy quick connector plug/socker 四、模具零件:mold components三板模:3-plate mold二板模:2-plate mold边钉/导边:leader pin/guide pin边司/导套:bushing/guide bushing中托司:shoulder guide bushing中托边L:guide pin顶针板:ejector retainner plate托板:support plate螺丝: screw管钉:dowel pin开模槽:ply bar scot内模管位:core/cavity inter-lock顶针:ejector pin司筒:ejector sleeve司筒针:ejector pin推板:stripper plate缩呵:movable core,return core core puller 扣机(尼龙拉勾):nylon latch lock斜顶:lifter模胚(架): mold base上内模:cavity insert下内模:core insert行位(滑块): slide镶件:insert压座/斜鸡:wedge耐磨板/油板:wedge wear plate压条:plate撑头: support pillar唧嘴: sprue bushing挡板:stop plate定位圈:locating ring锁扣:latch扣鸡:parting lock set推杆:push bar栓打螺丝:S.H.S.B顶板:eracuretun活动臂:lever arm 分流锥:spure sperader水口司:bush垃圾钉:stop pin隔片:buffle弹弓柱:spring rod弹弓:die spring中托司:ejector guide bush中托边:ejector guide pin镶针:pin销子:dowel pin波子弹弓:ball catch喉塞: pipe plug锁模块:lock plate斜顶:angle from pin斜顶杆:angle ejector rod尼龙拉勾:parting locks活动臂:lever arm复位键、提前回杆:early return bar气阀:valves斜导边:angle pin术语:terms承压平面平衡:parting surface support balance 模排气:parting line venting回针碰料位:return pin and cavity interference 模总高超出啤机规格:mold base shut hight顶针碰运水:water line interferes withejector pin料位出上/下模:part from cavith (core) side模胚原身出料位:cavity direct cut on A-plate,core direct cut on B-plate.不准用镶件: Do not use (core/cavity) insert用铍铜做镶件: use beryllium copper insert初步(正式)模图设计:preliinary (final) mold design 反呵:reverse core弹弓压缩量:spring compressed length稳定性好:good stability,stable强度不够:insufficient rigidity均匀冷却:even cooling扣模:sticking热膨胀:thero expansion公差:tolorance铜公(电极):copper electrode。

塑胶模具类中英文对照专业术语

塑胶模具类中英文对照专业术语

塑胶模具类中英文对照专业术语工程部 / Design department:1) Designer - 设计师。

2) Assembly drawing - 模具组装图。

3) Mold layout - 模具结构图。

4) 2D product drawing - 2D产品图。

5) 3D product data - 3D产品数据。

6) Part drawing - 散件图。

7) Insert molding - 镶件模。

8) 2 color mold / Double injection tool - 双色模。

9) Hydraulic system - 油/水压系统。

10) Parting line - 分模线。

11) Air venting - 排气槽。

12) Cooling system - 冷却系统。

13) Screw - 镙丝。

14) Hot runner system - 热流道。

15) Valve gate - 伐针入水口。

16) Fan gate - 扇型入水口。

17) Pin point gate - 针点进胶。

18) Moon gate / Banana gate - 香蕉,象牙入水口。

19) Submarine gate - 潜水口。

20) Injection machine tonnage - 注塑机吨数。

21) Number of cavity - 穴数。

22) Steel - 钢材。

23) Copper - 铜。

24) Tungsten copper - 钨铜。

25) Beryllium copper - 铍铜。

26) Hardening - 加硬/淬火。

27) Tempering - 回火。

28) Chroming - 电镀。

29) Painting - 喷漆。

30) Resin - 胶材。

31) Printing - 丝印。

32) Texturing - 嗮纹/咬花。

模具注塑术语中英文对照

模具注塑术语中英文对照

模具注塑术语中英文对照模具注塑是一种重要的加工工艺,它广泛应用于各个行业,例如汽车、电子、医疗等。

为了便于更好地理解这个工艺,我们需要明确其中的术语。

以下是一份模具注塑术语的中英文对照表。

1. 模具(mold) - mold是模具注塑过程中必需的工具,它通常由钢铁或铝制成,包含两个或更多空腔,以使熔融的塑料材料流经并注入成型的形状。

2. 注塑(molding) - molding是一种塑料成型加工工艺,其中熔融的塑料材料通过模具的设计形状,被注入到一个凹模和模具上部的凸模之间,并在冷却后形成一个具有特定形状和尺寸的零件。

3. 射出成型(molding by injection) - injection molding是一种将针对特定形状和尺寸的塑料材料注入到模具中而不是将固体材料切割和熔化的塑料成型技术。

4. 压铸(molding by compression) - compression molding是一种用于高温、高压和强力形式的适用于大批量塑料成型的方法,材料被放置在预计大小的模具空间中,并在关闭模具后施加高压力,使其融合。

5. 凹模(cavity) - cavity是模具上一侧的镂空,通常是制成零部件的形状。

6. 凸模(core) - core是模具上另一侧的立体形状,用于创建凹模的形状。

7. 浇口(gate) - gate是塑料注塑过程中,针对特定形状和尺寸的模具,将熔化的塑料材料注入到模具空腔中的位置。

8. 引流道(runner) - runner是与模具中凹、凸模相连的通道,其功能是向模具空腔中的塑料材料提供流动。

9. 母材(stock material) - stock material是进入注塑模具成型的未加工的固体或液态塑料原料。

10. 热流道(hot runner) - hot runner是一种温度可控的通道,用于将塑料材料从液态状态注入到模具制成的凹模空腔中。

11. 总成(assembly) - assembly是由多个部件组合而成的成品,通常用于汽车和电子行业中。

模具专业词汇中英文对照表

模具专业词汇中英文对照表1. 模具材料(Mould Materials)•合金钢(Alloy Steel)•不锈钢(Stnless Steel)•工具钢(Tool Steel)•铸造铁(Cast Iron)•铝合金(Aluminum Alloy)•铜合金(Copper Alloy)•硅橡胶(Silicone Rubber)•塑料(Plastic)•陶瓷(Ceramic)2. 模具零件(Mould Components)•模板(Mold Base)•注塑装置(Injection Unit)•顶出器(Ejector)•气嘴(Nozzle)•间隙(Clearance)•提位器(Lifter)•滑块(Slide)•定位圈(Locating Ring)•膜背(Backing Plate)•挡块(Stop Block)•压板(Clamp Plate)•冷却管(Coolant Pipe)•驱动装置(Drive Unit)3. 模具制造工艺(Mould Manufacturing Process)•设计(Design)•切割(Cutting)•加工(Machining)•组装(Assembly)•调试(Debugging)•精修(Finishing)•表面处理(Surface Treatment)•检查(Inspection)•试产(Trial Production)4. 模具加工方式(Mould Processing Methods)•铣削(Milling)•磨削(Grinding)•拉刀(Planing)•镗削(Boring)•钻孔(Drilling)•线切割(Wire Cutting)•抛光(Polishing)•火花加工(EDM)5. 模具设计要点(Key Points in Mold Design)•壁厚(Wall Thickness)•浇注系统(Gating System)•冷却系统(Cooling System)•排气(Venting)•气罩(Bubbler)•顶杆(Ejector Pin)•脱模斜度(Draft Angle)•零件坯料与尺寸(Blank and Dimensions)•对位方式(Alignment Method)•衬套(Insert)•翻制(Flip Mold)•分模(Split Mold)6. 模具维护与保养(Mold Mntenance)•模具清洁(Mold Cleaning)•润滑(Lubrication)•排浆(Purging)•磨损修复(Wear Repr)•抛光修复(Polish Repr)•零件更换(Component Replacement)•修复记录(Repr Record)•数字化管理(Digital Management)7. 模具常见故障及解决方法(Common Mold Faults and Solutions)•翘曲(Warping)•缺陷(Defects)•泛油(Flash)•磨损(Wear)•烧坏(Burning)•掉件(Part Ejection)•插损(Insert Damage)以上仅是模具专业领域常用词汇的一个简单对照表。

注塑、模具行业术语:英汉对照版!

注塑、模具行业术语:英汉对照版!(一)模具专业基本用词 Professional Terms1.塑料— plastic, resin2.样件— sample3.钢料— steel4.注塑机— injection machine, press5.产品— part, product, moulding6.模具— mold, mould, toolA 简易模(样板模)— prototype moldB 量产用模具— production mold7.三维造型(数模)—3D model, 3D data8.二维产品图— 2D part drawing9.设计— design10.制造— manufacture, build up, construction, fabrication, make11.检验— check, inspection12.测量— measure, inspection13.修改— change, modify, correction14.工程更改— engineer change15.质量— quality16.数量— quantity17.基准— datum, reference(二)如何解析2D 产品图?How to read 2D part drawing?一.产品几何 Geometry1.点— point2.线(边)— line, edge3.面 faceA 侧面— sideB 表面— surfaceC 外观面— appearance surface4.壁厚— wall thickness, stock thickness5.加强筋(骨位)— rib6.孔— hole7.细长的槽— slot8.柱位— boss9.角— cornerA 圆角— filletB 倒角— chamferC 尖角— sharp corner10.斜度— angle, taper11. 凹槽—recess , groove二. 分模信息 Splitting1.分型线— parting line (P/L), splitting line2.主分模方向— main direction, line of draw3.浇口设定— gating一.产品标识 Part Identification1.产品名称— part name (P/N)2.产品编号+版本号— part number + revision (Rev.) 3.型腔号— cavity number4.材料标记— material symbol5.模具编号— mold number (no.)6.日期印— dating insert, date code7.循环印— cycling code8.公司标志— company logo二. 技术要求 Specification (Special Requirement)1.项目启动表 Kick-off sheet1)项目名称— program name, project name2)产品名称— part name, product name, part description 3)产品编号— part number (P/N)4)客户模号— customer mold no.5)项目启动日期— kick off date, start date6)项目完成日期— due date, lead time7)内模件用钢— tool steel8)型腔数量— number of cavities9)数据文件编号— data file no.10)注塑材料— resin, plastic, raw material11)收缩率— shrink, shrinkage, shrink factor12)注塑机吨位— molding machine size, injection machine size13)成型周期— cycle time14)型腔光洁度— cavity polish15)型芯光洁度— core polish16)皮纹(晒纹)— texture, grain17)拔模斜度— draft angle, removal taper18)注塑件颜色及光泽— molded color & gloss19)模具加工地— manufacturing facility20)热流道供应商—manifold manufacturer, manifold supplier21)浇口位置— gate location / position22)浇口类型— gate type产品标识— stamp information, part identification特殊要求— special instructions1.产品质量及外观要求 Part Quality & Appearance Requirement1)尺寸及公差 Dimension & Tolerance① 重要尺寸— critical dimension, important dim., key dim.② 理论尺寸— nominal dimension③ 实际尺寸— actual dimension④ 公差— tolerance⑤ 公差带— tolerance range⑥ 尺寸超差— dimension deviation⑦ 接受(合格)— accept, OK⑧ 拒绝(不合格)— reject, refuse, obsolete, NG⑨ 让步接受— concession, special admit⑩ 返工— re-work2)产品缺陷(常见的)Defects (normal)① 缩水— sink mark, shrinkage② 飞边,毛边— flash, burr③ 段差— mismatch discrepancy④ 银丝纹,蛇纹— snake marks, streak⑤ 弯曲,变形— warpage, distortion⑥ 打不饱(缺料)— short shot⑦ 熔接线— weld line⑧ 多胶— unwanted plastic⑨ 拉伤—damage2.产品外观 Part Appearance① 产品颜色— part color② 产品光泽— gloss③ 皮纹粒度— grain3.常用词汇、词组及短语 Normal Word, Short Sentence1)单边— per side2)双边— both sides3)加入,添加— add, incorporate4)去除,取消— remove, cancel5)满足…的要求,符合,与…要求一致—according to, conform to, satisfy, meet6)要求,需要— require, need, demand7)确认—be approved, agreed by …8)允许— permit, allow9)在…范围之内— within10)不可以,不允许,禁止— free from, prevent, avoid11)…,除非有另指—… unless otherwise specified12)…或少于—…or less13)自动化运作— automatic operation14)未注尺寸(详细形状)见三维造型Non dimensioned contour (detailed shape) see 3D model.15)分型线上的飞边(披缝)或段差应小于…Burrs or discrepancy on the P/L shall be … or less.标题栏 Title Block1.产品名称— part name2.图纸编号 + 版本号(索引号)—drawing no. + level (index)3.一般公差— general tolerance(三)如何阅读制模标准?How to read tooling standard?一.模具结构术语 Mold Construction TermsA.模架 Mold Base1.模架量化特征 Measurement Feature① 长 X 宽 X 高— Length X Width X Height② 模具高度尺寸(模厚)— stack height of mould③ 模具重量— total weight of mould, mould thickness2.定模底板— front plate, top clamping plate, clamp plate, clamping plate3.定模板— cavity plate, fixed mould plate, A – plate4.动模板— core plate, moving mould plate, B – plate5.支撑板— support plate, backing plate6.间隔板,方铁— support blocks, rails, risers, spacer block 7.顶杆固定板— retaining plate, ejector retaining plate8.顶板— ejector plate,bottom clamping plate9.动模底板— back plate10.导柱— guide pillar, leader pin, guide pin 11.导套— guide bush, leader pin bush12.复位杆— return pin, push-back pin13.弹簧— spring14.撑头— support pillar15.顶针板导柱、导套— ejection guide pin / bush 16.垃圾钉— stop pin, stop button17.模脚— standing-off pillars18.标牌— plaque scutcheonB.成型零部件 moulding components1.型芯— core insert2.型腔— cavity insert3.镶针— core pin4.镶块— sub-insert, split5.滑块— slide, sliding split6.斜顶— lifter, angled-lift split, loose coreA 斜顶头— lifter headB 斜顶杆— lifter rod, lifter shaft7.成型顶杆— moulding face pin, form pin C.浇注系统 Feed System1.塑料 Mouldinga.主流道— sprueb.分流道 runner① 主分流道— main runner② 二级分流道— branch runner分流道断面形状 cross-sectional shape of runner① 圆形— full round② 半圆形— semicircular③ 梯形— trapezoidalc.浇口 gate常用浇口形式 normal gate type :① 边缘浇口(J型浇口)— edge gate, J – gate② 侧浇口— side gate③ 潜伏式浇口— sub-gate, subsurface gate, submarine gate, cashew gate④ 潜伏式二次浇口(隧道式浇口) —tunnel gate onto feeder post⑤ 点浇口— pin gate⑥ 直接浇口(主流道型浇口) — sprue gate, direct gate⑦ 护耳式浇口— tab gated.模腔— impressione.冷料井— cold slug wellf.热流道— hot runner2.模具零件 mold componentsa.定位圈— locating ring, location ring, register ringb.浇口套— sprue bushc.挡圈— stop ringd.浇口镶块— gate inserte.热流道板— manifoldf.热嘴— hot drophot sprue分型面及其锁紧、排气 Parting Surface, inter-locking & venting1.分型线— parting line ( P/L )2.镶拼线— bodyline, joint line3.平 / 不平的分型面— flat / non – flat parting surface4.封胶面— shut off surfaces, seal-off surfaces5.擦穿位— shut off6.碰穿位— kiss-off7.管位— parting line lock8.分型面的释放(避空) — relief of parting surface9.分型面的平衡— balancing of parting surface10.锁紧角度— locking angle11.锁紧力— clamping force12.锁模块— safety strap13.精定位— Interlock, die lock14.困气— air trap15.排气槽— vent, vent slotE.滑块机构 Slide1.驱动 Actuation① 斜导柱— angle pin, horn pin, cam pin② 弹簧— spring③ 油缸— hydraulic cylinder2.制动 Detention① 滑块固定器— slide retainer② 弹簧制动器— spring-loaded detention (plunger)③ 挡钉、挡板— stop pin, stop plate, slide stop3.导轨— gib, guide strip4.锁紧块(楔紧块)— heel block, locking heel, wedge block, chase block5.耐磨片— wear plate, wear strip6.压板— retainer, gib7.螺钉— screw8.定位销— dowel pinF.斜顶机构 Lifter1.斜顶头— lifter head2.斜顶杆— lifter rod, lifter shaft3.开口销— split pin4.固定板(压板)— retainer plate5.耐磨片— wear plate6.铜导套— bronze bushing7.衬套— spacer8.导轨— L – gib9.滑动块— slideG.顶出系统 Ejection System1.基本词汇 Basic Word① 顶出行程— ejection stroke② 模具开档— daylight③ 粘模— stick④ 产品脱模—part is push off from, clear part of mould, separation of part2.顶板机构 Ejector plate assembly① 顶板— ejector plate② 顶板固定板— retaining plate③ 推板— stripper plate④ 推板导柱— ejector guide pin⑤ 推板导套— ejector guide bush⑥ 撑头— support pillar3.复位机构 Return System① 复位杆(回程杆)— return pin, push – back pin② 垃圾钉— stop pin, stop button③ 压簧— compressed spring④ 碟簧—a stack of ―Belleville‖ washers⑤ 早复位机构— early return system⑥ 强制复位机构— positive return system4.顶出方法 Ejection Techniques1)顶杆顶出— pin ejection2)顶管顶出— sleeve ejection3)顶块顶出— bar ejection4)扁顶顶出— blade ejection5)顶板顶出— stripper ejection6)油缸顶出— hydraulic ejection7)气顶— air ejection8)阀门顶出— valve ejection5.顶出元件 Ejection Elements1)拉料杆— sprue puller, sucker pin2)顶杆— ejector pin3)阶梯式顶杆— stepped ejector pin1)顶管— ejection sleeve, sleeve2)扁顶— ejector blade, slabbed off ejector pin3)顶块— stripper bar4)顶环— stripper ring5)推板— stripper plate6)加速顶— accelerated ejection1.顶出辅助机构 Supplementary operating system1)弹簧柱塞器— spring – loaded plunger2)弹珠定位器— ball catch system3)插销式锁扣— Latch – lock4)尼龙拉杆装置— friction puller device2.电器元件 Electric Components1)压力传感器— pressure transducer2)限位开关— limit switchF.冷却系统 Cooling System1.基本词汇 Basic Word1)温差— temperature variation2)水孔(水道)—waterlines, water-ways, flow-way, channel3)水路— cooling circuit4)水路示意图— water schematic, schematic circuit5)冷却液— coolant, coolant fluid6)内连接— interconnect7)外连接— external connection8)出口、入口— outlet、inlet9)漏水— water leakage2.水路分布 Circuits1)阶梯式水路— stepped system2)分隔板水路— baffled hole system3)斜孔式水路— angled hole system3.水路元件 Components1)闷头(螺塞、止水栓)—(threadless)brass pressure plug : female plug & male2)隔水片— baffle3)密封圈— O – ring4)快插水路接头—quick disconnect fitting, quick connection adaptor5)弯头— elbow6)偶合器(连接器、接头)— adaptor (including a plug & a socket)7)橡皮管— rubber hose1)分水板,集水块— water manifoldG.螺纹、螺纹孔 & 螺钉 Thread, thread hole & screw1.螺纹— thread2.管螺纹— pipe thread3.螺纹孔— screw hole, tapped hole4.起吊孔— handling hole, jack screw hole, eye bolt hole 5.螺钉— screw6.内六角螺钉— socket headed cap screw (s.h.c.s.)7.沉头螺钉— flat headed cap screw (f.h.c.s)8.螺栓— bolt9.螺母— nut10.锁紧螺母— locknut11.螺纹标准 Thread Standard① 公制标准— Metric② 英制标准— Imperial③ 英制管螺纹标准— British Standard Pipe thread (BSP)④ 美制管螺纹标准— NPT⑤ 美制粗螺纹标准— United Coarse thread (UNC)⑥ 美制细螺纹标准— United Fine thread (UNF)H.润滑 Lubrication1.润滑槽— grease groove2.加油管— grease line3.油杯— lubrication fittingI. 测量仪器 Measuring Instruments1.游标卡尺— vernier caliper2.千分尺— micrometer3.高度规— height gauge4.刻度规— dial gauge5.三坐标测量仪(三次元)— Coordinate Measure Machine (CMM)6.塞规— pin gauge7.圆角量规— radii gauge8.轮廓投影机—profile projectorJ.注塑机参数 Injection Machine Parameter1.注塑机规格参数 Injection Machine Specification① 锁紧类型 clamp typea.油缸— hydraulicb.肘杆式— toggle② 垂直注塑机导柱间距— tie bar vertical clearance③ 水平注塑机导柱间距— tie bar horizontal clearance④ 台板尺寸— platen dim.⑤ 最小 / 最大模厚— mold height Min. / Max., Min. / Max.mold thickness⑥ 最小 / 最大注塑机开档— open daylight Min. / Max.⑦ 锁紧行程— clamp stroke⑧ 锁紧力— clamping force⑨ 顶出行程— ejector stroke⑩ 顶出力— ejector force !你想成为学霸吗。

3-塑胶模具专业英文单词


模具固定用零件 母模固定板 模唇 冲模板 冲压模座 直接浇口 爪牙夹头 定位梢 导套孔 合模梢 固定侧模板 带凸缘针 毛边形浇口 上箱 浮动冲头 浇口 浇口面 凹形拉紧楔 鹅颈管 引导衬套 导梢 引导柱 导板 导轨 冲头 直柄冲头 整体模蕊盒 管接头 缓冲器 压射柱塞 嵌入衬套 内柱塞 内冲头 嵌件 嵌件梢 转向梢 塑胶模座 铸模紧固夹 模用板 换模保持装置 可动侧模板 整体铸件 平行垫块 分模线 合模定位器 穴型导板
模具中英文對照表
英 文 模具零件類 Mold Components 三板模 二板模 边钉 导边 边司 导套 中托司 中托边 顶针板 托板 螺丝 管钉 开模槽 内模管位 顶针 司筒 司筒针 推板 Movable Core Return Core Puller 缩呵 Nylon Latch Lock 扣机(尼龙拉勾) Lifter 斜顶 Mold Base 模胚(架) Cavity Insert 上内模 Core Insert 下内模 Slide 行位(滑块) Insert 镶件 Wedge 压座 Wedge Wear Plate 耐磨板 油板 Plate 压条 Support Pillar 撑头 Top Plate 上托板(顶板) Top Block 上垫脚 Punch Set 上模座 Punch Pad 上垫板 Punch Holder 上夹板 Stripper Pad 脱料背板 Up Stripper 上脱料板 Male Die 公模(凸模) Feature Die 公母模 Female Die 母模(凹模) Upper Plate 上模板 Lower Plate 下模板 Die Pad 下垫板 Die Holder 下夹板 Die Set 下模座 Bottom Block 下垫脚 Bottom Plate 下托板(底板) 3-Plate Mold 2-Plate Mold Leader Pin Guide Pin Bushing Guide Bushing Shoulder Guide Bushing Guide Pin Ejector Retainner Plate Support Plate Screw Dowel Pin Ply Bar Scot Core Cavity inter-Lock Ejector Pin Ejector Sleeve Ejector Pin Stripper Plate 挡板 定位圈 锁扣 扣鸡 推杆 栓打螺丝 顶板 活动臂 分流锥 分流板 水口司 垃圾钉 隔片 弹弓柱 弹弓 中托司 中托边 镶针 销子 波子弹弓 喉塞 锁模块 斜顶 斜顶杆 尼龙拉勾 活动臂 复位键 提前回杆 气阀 压线冲子 字模冲子 圆冲子 异形冲子 折刀 滚轴 挡块 定位块 Supporting Block for Location 定位支承块 Air Cushion Plate 气垫板 Air-Cushion Eject-rod 气垫顶杆 Trimming Punch 切边冲子 Stiffening Rib Punch Stinger 加强筋冲子 Ribbon Punch 压筋冲子 Reel-stretch Punch 卷圆压平冲子 Guide Plate 定位板 Sliding Block 滑块 Stop Plate Locating Ring Latch Parting Lock Set Push Bar S.H.S.B Ejector Plate Lever Arm Sprue Spreader Spreader Plate Bush Stop Pin Buffle Spring Rod Die Spring Ejector Guide Bush Ejector Guide Pin Pin Dowel Pin Ball catch Pipe Plug Lock Plate Angle from Pin Angle Ejector Rod Parting Locks Lever Arm Early Return Bar Valves Groove Punch Stamped Punch Round Punch Special Shape Punch Bending Block Roller Baffle Plate Located Block 中 文 英 文 中 文

模具注塑术语中英文对照

模具注塑术语中英文对照1. 模具制造工艺 - Mold Manufacturing Process•钳工技术 - Fitting Technology•铣床 - Milling Machine•车床 - Lathe Machine•电火花 - Electrical Discharge Machine (EDM) •线切割机 - Wire Cutting Machine (WCM)•抛光 - Polishing•喷砂 - Sandblasting•组装 - Assembly•检验 - Inspection•测试 - Testing2. 模具材料 - Mold Materials•CNC - Computer Numerical Control•冷/热工作钢 - Cold/Hot Work Steel•韧性铁 - Ductile Iron•钢筋混凝土 - Reinforced Concrete•铝合金 - Aluminum Alloy•有机玻璃 - Organic Glass•尼龙 - Nylon•聚酯树脂 - Polyester Resin•低密度聚乙烯 - Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) •高密度聚乙烯 - High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) 3. 注塑设备 - Injection Molding Equipment•注塑模 - Injection Mold•注塑机 - Injection Molding Machine•螺杆 - Screw•加热筒 - Barrel Heater•喷嘴 - Nozzle•冷却系统 - Cooling System•熔融体 - Melted Polymer•定位环 - Locating Ring•压力机 - Press•模芯 - Core4. 注塑工艺 - Injection Molding Process•熔胶温度 - Melting Temperature •注射速度 - Injection Speed•保压时间 - Holding Time•冷却时间 - Cooling Time•射胶压力 - Injection Pressure•模具温度 - Mold Temperature•注射容量 - Injection Capacity•射出比例 - Injection Ratio•射胶速度 - Injection Rate•开模时间 - Opening Time5. 注塑缺陷 - Injection Molding Defects•缩水 - Shrinkage•气泡 - r Bubbles•热分解 - Thermal Degradation•断裂 - Fracture•变形 - Deformation•熔接线 - Weld Line•流痕 - Flow Mark•挤出线 - Extrusion Line•色差 - Color Variation•异物 - Foreign Object6. 模具维护 - Mold Mntenance•涂抹脱模剂 - Apply Mold Release Agent•清洁模具 - Clean the Mold•磨削模具 - Grinding the Mold•检查模具 - Inspect the Mold•修复模具 - Repr the Mold•涂覆保护液 - Coat with Protective Agent•封存模具 - Store the Mold•更换模具配件 - Replace Mold Components•消除模具表面缺陷 - Eliminate Surface Defects on Mold •升级模具材料 - Upgrade Mold Material以上是模具注塑术语的中英文对照,希望能对你有所帮助。

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