2019高考英语二轮复习 600分策略 专题4 语法填空和短文改错 第1讲 语法必备 重点3 小词不可忽视-冠词、介词
小词不可忽视-冠词、介词、数词和代词第一组Ⅰ. 语法填空(2018·长郡中学新高三实验班选拔考试) Traditional Chinese wedding customs have been around for thousands of years. They may vary from place to place and time to time，but have been holding an important position in the lives of Chinese people， __1. causing__ (cause) a far－reaching impact on the way the Chinese lead their lives. The traditional Chinese marriage usually __2. involves__ (involve) some necessary procedures，such as match－making，engagement，meeting the bride，and three bows. __3. In__ addition，a typical Chinese wedding nowadays goes like this—when a new couple is engaged， __4. what__ follows is a __5. choice__ (choose) of the date of their marriage.Most people would favor a holiday or special Chinese festival for their relatives and friends __6. to attend__ (attend) the wedding. However，quite a few others，especially __7. those__ in the countryside，would fix a lucky date so that their marriage would have “Double Happiness”. The wedding ceremony is usually hosted __8. warmly__ (warm) and the wedding ceremony very often ends with __9. a__ unique banquet. Toasts are made to wish the new couple long life，everlasting love and happiness，early birth of a __10. healthy__ (health) baby and so on.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国的婚俗习惯。
❶解析：考查非谓语动词。
分析句子结构可知，空处表示自然而然的结果，主语They 和动词cause之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。
❷解析：考查主谓一致。
根据该句中的usually可知，此处表示经常发生的动作，故用一般现在时；主语The traditional Chinese marriage为第三人称单数，故谓语动词应用单数形式。
❸解析：考查固定搭配。
In addition为固定搭配，意为“此外，除此外”。
❹解析：考查主语从句。
分析该句结构可知，空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，故用what引导该主语从句。
❺解析：考查名词。
根据空前的不定冠词a可知，空处应用名词形式。
❻解析：考查非谓语动词。
根据语境可知，空处表示目的，故用动词不定式作目的状语。
❼解析：考查代词。
根据语境可知，空处指那些在农村地区的人，表示复数，故用代词those 。
❽ 解析：考查副词。
空处修饰动词hosted ，用副词形式。
❾ 解析：考查冠词。
空后的banquet 为可数名词，表示泛指，且unique 的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a 。
○10 解析：考查形容词。
空处修饰后面的名词baby ，表示“一个健康的婴儿”，故用形容词healthy 。
Ⅱ. 短文改错(2018·江西赣中南五校联考)Dear Peter ，I ’m very glad to receive your e －mail asking for information about the host family we have arranged you to stay with.Locating in a beautiful and quiet neighborhood ，the house was big enough to enable you to have a room of your own. Apart from the convenient public transportation ，our private car will make your visit easy. Because all the family members can speak fluently English and have outgoing personalities ，I ’m sure you will have no trouble communicate with them. Above all ，they hosted the American student last year ，through that they gained lots of experience. In addition to ，the hostess cooking will guarantee you a wonderful chance of tasting delicious Chinese food.Hope you enjoy your stay there.Yours ，Li Hua答案：Dear Peter ，I ’m very glad to receive your e －mail asking for information about the host family we have arranged ∧foryou to stay with. Locating Located in a beautiful and quiet neighborhood, the house was isbig enough to enable you to have a room of your own. Apart from the convenient public transportation, our theirprivate car will make your visit easy. Because all the family members can speak fluently fluentEnglish and have outgoing personalities, I ’m sure you will have no trouble communicate communicating with them. Above all, they hosted the anAmerican student last year, through that which they gained lots of experience. In addition to , the hostess hostess ’ cooking will guarantee you a wonderful chance of tasting delicious Chinese food.Hope you enjoy your stay there.Yours，Li Hua ❶解析：you前加for。
考查固定短语。
arrange for sb. to do sth. 意为”安排某人做某事”，为固定搭配。
❷解析：Locating改为Located。
考查非谓语动词。
be located in. . . 意为“坐落于……”，为固定短语，在句中作状语，故填located。
❸解析：was改为is。
考查时态。
此处是在介绍这个家庭的基本情况，表示客观事实，故用一般现在时。
❹解析：our改为their。
考查代词。
文章是“我”在为Peter介绍他所要寄宿的家庭的情况，与下文中的“them”相照应，故应将our改为their。
❺解析：fluently改为fluent。
考查形容词。
修饰名词应用形容词，故用形容词fluent 作定语修饰English。
❻解析：communicate改为communicating。
考查固定短语。
have no trouble (in)doing sth. 意为”做某事没有困难”，为固定搭配，故用动词－ing形式作宾语。
❼解析：the改为an。
考查冠词。
根据语境可知，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词；又因American的发音以元音音素开头，故将the改为an。
❽解析：that改为which。
考查定语从句。
在定语从句中，介词后跟关系代词which/whom。
结合语境可知，关系词表示前面整件事，故将that改为which。
❾解析：删除to。
考查介词。
由语境可知，此处应用In addition表示“此外”，故将介词to删除。
in addition to为介词短语，后跟名词、代词或动词－ing作宾语，不可单独使用。
10解析：hostess改为hostess’。
考查名词所有格。
这里指女主人的厨艺，应用名词○所有格。
第二组Ⅰ. 语法填空(2017·全国卷Ⅲ) She looks like any other schoolgirl，fresh－faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A－level course . But unlike her school friends ,16－year－old Sarah is not spending half－term __1. resting__ (rest). Instead，she is earning ￡6500 a day as __2. a__ model in New York.Sarah __3. has been told/was told__ (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter,44，wants her to give up school to model fulltime But Sarah， __4. who__ has taken part in showsalong with top models wants __5. to prove__ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty she is determined to carry on with her __6. education__ (educate).She has turned down several __7. invitations__ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full－time before going to university to get a degree __8. in__ engineering or architecture.Sarah says，“My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment，school __9. comes__ (come) first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is __10. certainly__ (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model my more. ”文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了16岁的Sarah在上学的同时兼职做模特，并且取得了巨大的成功；虽然她父亲希望她当全职模特，但是Sarah仍然坚持要完成学业。
2019高考英语二轮复习600分策略专题4语法填空和短文改错第1讲语法必备重点1动词形式最常考“谓”
caught 8．(2014·全国卷Ⅱ)A boy on a bike __________ (catch) my attention. He was
riding beside the bus and waving his arms. 解析：句意：我注意到一个骑自行车的男孩。他正挨着公交车骑自行车， 一边挥舞着胳膊。根据设空后一句的were riding可知该空用一般过去时，表过去 的动作。注意catch的过去式和过去分词分别是caught，caught。
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熟用3个技巧巧解时态题 技巧1 慧眼识别标志词
在高考语法填空中，有时会给出时间标志，考生可根据所给标志词或时间
状语轻松得出答案。
①一般现在时：sometimes，every week(day，year... )等。
②一般过去时：yesterday，last week(day，year... )，the other day，in＋过去
3．(2014·全国卷Ⅰ)In 1969，the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga was River Cleveland，Ohio. It ______(be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. 解析：句意：当时很难想象这条河流能被清理干净。根据句中时间状语 In 1969 可知该处谓语动词用一般过去时，填 was 。需要记住的短语 clean up“ 打 扫”。 Did 4．(2017·北京卷) ______(do) you call that company to see how they think of
searched。需要记住的短语turn up“发现；出现；露面”。
2019高考英语二轮复习600分策略专题4语法填空和短文改错第1讲语法必备重点4经常考查的并列句和三
经常考查的并列句和三大从句提分单句训练Ⅰ. 单句填空❶(2018·北京东城区二模)Nobody can go back and start a new beginning， __but__ anyone can start now and make a new ending.解析：考查连词。
空格前的句意为“没有人可以回到过去重新开始”，空格后的句意为“谁都可以从现在开始做个新的结束”，所以前后句是转折的关系，故填but。
❷(2018·天津)Kae， __whose__ sister I shared a room with when we were at college，has gone to work in Australia.解析：考查定语从句关系词。
句意：凯特已经去澳大利亚工作了。
我们在大学的时候，我和她的姐姐共住一室。
分析句子，句中先行词为Kate，在非限定性定语从句中作名词sister 的定语，故用关系代词whose。
练有小得：分析定语从句需抓住两点：1. 找准先行词；2. 看先行词在从句中所作的成分。
抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正确的关系词。
❸(2018·合肥三模)The ninth day of the ninth month is the day that has two “yang” numbers，and “chong” in Chinese means double，which is __how__ the name “Chongyang” came into being.解析：考查名词性从句。
句意：这就是重阳这个名字如何形成的。
________ the name “Chongyang” came into being在句中作表语，从句中缺少方式状语，故用how引导宾语从句。
❹(2018·威海二模)As a local saying goes：“If you cannot find someone，he or she is either playing mahjong __or__ on the way to play mahjong. ”解析：考查连词。
2019高考英语二轮复习600分策略专题4语法填空和短文改错第1讲语法必备重点4经常考查的并列句和三
the week after.
that/which引导定语从句。
大 二 轮 复 习 英 语
·
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第一编 专题四
语法填空和短文改错
13．(2017·浙江卷)Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probable got
where swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden， ________it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted(生长) through it. 解析：分析句子可知，逗号前的句子意义完整，所以空格处引导非限制性 定语从句。考生很容易受前面的先行词 garden的影响误填which。引导非限制性
语法填空和短文改错
9．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a when TV show in the mid － 1980s ， ________ I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. 解析：句意：但是我和熊猫的关系追溯到20世纪80年代中期，我拍摄一个
2019高考英语二轮复习600分策略专题4语法填空和短文改错第1讲语法必备重点4经常考查的并列句和三大从句课件
解析：句意：是她有一个新宝宝的时候了，也是小熊猫独立的时候了。
两个完整的独立的句子应该用连词相连。上下句之间为并列关系，故用and。并 列连词可以连接平行的词、短语或句子。
大 二 轮 复 习 英 语
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第一编 专题四
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when 4．(2015·广东卷)One day，the cow was eating grass ________ it began to rain heavily.
解析：句意：一天，这头奶牛正在吃草，突然下起了大雨。be doing sth...
when... 是固定结构，意为“正在做某事……这时……”，when是并列连词。意 为“这时……”。
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第一编 专题四
语法填空和短文改错
as 5．(2014·辽宁卷)It asks you to act like water； to be flexible as well ______
strong. 解析： 句意：它要求你表现得像水一样；柔韧又坚强。 as well as“ 以 及；和”，是固定短语。用来连接两个并列成分，作用相当于and。 but 6．(2014·广东卷)Our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week， ______for
a few months.
解析：句意：但是河流不是几天甚至几个月就改变了的。根据but及句意 判断，此处要填一个表示递进含义的词，故用or。or even“甚至”。 and 3．(2016·四川卷)It was time for her to have a new baby， ______it was also time for the young panda to be independent.
2019高考英语二轮复习 600分策略 专题4 语法填空和短文改错 第1讲 语法必备 重点1 动词形
动词形式最常考，“谓”与“非谓”要辨清考点1 千变万化的谓语动词第一组Ⅰ. 语法填空(2018·河南省豫北名校高三上学期质量评估) Lanzhou beef noodle is one of China’s most representative flour－made foods while pasta (意大利面食) is one famous Western fancy food. An event，“When Lanzhou beef noodle meets pasta” ， __1. connecting__ (connect) city food cultures，was held at the Beijing Ritz－Carlton Hotel on October 11，2017 to show the interaction.Lanzhou beef noodle has a history of 102 years and is known for its __2. tasty__ (taste) beef，soup and noodles. Lanzhou is also qualified as __3. the__ hometown of Chinese beef noodle. __4. As__ one major city along the ancient Silk Road，Lanzhou has witnessed the efforts of our ancestors and their achievements of developing the Silk Road，according to Zhang Hui，deputy director with the Publicity Department of the CPC Committee of Lanzhou.Lanzhou’s cooking culture __5. has developed__ (develop) its own time－honored characteristics over the years. The event will make Lanzhou beef noodle well－known not only across Lanzhou， __6. but__ across the world through the Belt and Road Initiative thanks to the __7. participation__ (participate) of the two countries’noodle masters. It will also improve cultural exchanges，Zhang added. Lanzhou people would like to work with friends at home and abroad __8. to promote__ (promote) the development of cooking and we __9. sincerely__ (sincere) hope more cultural exchanges of this kind __10. will be held__ (hold) in Italy and Lanzhou in the future.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。
教育最新K122019高考英语二轮复习 600分策略 专题4 语法填空和短文改错 第1讲 语法必备 重点4 经常考查的并
经常考查的并列句和三大从句第一组Ⅰ. 语法填空(2018·湖北八校高三第一次联考) China has always been famous for being a “State of Etiquette(礼仪)”. According to historical documents，as early as 2,600 years ago，this nation has already established a thorough set __1. of__ dining etiquette.A famous 19th century Russian writer，Anton Chekhov，once invited a Chinese man __2. to have__ (have) a drink in a bar Chekhov said，“Before drinking from his cup，he held __3. it__ with his hands and presented to me and the bar owner and bartenders，__4. saying__ (say) ’qing (please)’. This is the custom of China. They are not like us to finish it in one drink， __5. but__ prefer to drink by taking a small amount at a time. With every sip(一小口)，he __6. ate__ ( eat ) some food. Afterwards he handed me some Chinese __7. coins__ (coin) to show gratitude. This is a rather interestingly polite nationality. . . ” This was the most valuable opinion of a Chinese person __8. that__ was given by a foreigner two centuries ago. Chinese traditional dinner procedures used to be long and dealt __9. seriously__ (serious) with； the __10. more important__ (important) the occasion，the more complex the procedures were.文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。
教育最新K122019高考英语二轮复习 600分策略 专题4 语法填空和短文改错 第1讲 语法必备 重点1 动词形式最常
动词形式最常考，“谓”与“非谓”要辨清考点2 复杂多变的非谓语动词第一组Ⅰ. 语法填空(2018·福州市八县市一中联考) China is in mourning after its most famous and oldest captive(被圈养的) panda Basi died __1. aged__ (age) thirtyseven. Basi was born in the wild in 1980. At the age of four，she fell into an icy river and was __2. fortunately__ (fortune) rescued by some local villagers __3. living__ (live) in Baoxing County in southwest China’s Province. The locals handed her over to the Strait Panda Research and Exchange Centre in Fuzhou，where she lived the rest of her life. Basi came to fame shortly __4. after__ she was chosen as the model for Pan Pan，the mascot of the 1990 Asian Games in Beijing.Basi never bred(繁殖) but overcame several severe __5. illnesses__ (ill) to live for more than __6. twice__ (two) the 15－year life expectancy of wild pandas. Basi __7. was confirmed__ (confirm) to be the world’s oldest captive panda by Guinness World Records in August. Captive pandas tend to live __8. longer__ (long) due to better nutrition and living conditions. Word has come __9. that__ Basi’s body will be put in Basi Museum，which is __10. under__ construction at present for people to remember her forever and share the spirit of the harmonious development between humans and nature.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。
2019高考英语二轮复习600分策略专题4语法填空和短文改错第1讲语法必备重点3小词不可忽视_冠词介
小词不可忽视-冠词、介词、数词和代词Ⅰ. 单句填空❶(2018·龙岩二模)The local drama “Huiban” was popular in South China during the __eighteenth/18th__ (eighteen) century.解析：考查数词。
设空前是定冠词the，设空后是名词century，表在“几世纪”，应用序数词。
❷(2018·银川一中三模)Zhang Xiaoquan Scissors are produced in Hangzhou City，__the__ provincial capital of Zhejiang Province in East China.解析：考查冠词。
句意：张小泉剪刀产于杭州市。
杭州是华东浙江省的省会城市。
该处特指杭州是浙江省的省会城市，应用定冠词the。
❸(2018·龙岩二模)It is the most well－known Chinese opera form，recognized as “Oriental Opera” __with__ a long history of 160 years.解析：考查介词。
句意：它是最著名的中国戏剧形式，被认为是有着160年历史的东方戏剧。
表“有多长时间的历史”，应用with a history of. . . 。
❹(2017·石家庄考前模拟)Sugar paintings are made of melted brown or white sugar，with which craftsmen can paint __a__ variety of animals and flowers.解析：考查冠词。
设空与空后的variety of构成固定短语，a variety of，意为“各种各样的”。
❺(2018·黄冈二模)If we are not aware __of__ these differences，some unusual things might happen.解析：考查介词。
2019高考英语二轮复习600分策略专题4语法填空和短文改错第1讲语法必备重点5增分书面表达的特殊句式ppt版本
• 3．there be句式的2个关键点
• ①there be结构中的谓语动词be可与there seem to be(似 有)；there happen to be(碰巧有)等替换。
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• 1．牢记强调句的2个句式及1个方法 • ①强调句型的基本构成：It is/was＋被强调的部分＋ that/who＋其他部分。被强调部分可以是主语、宾语和状语等。
• ②not... until的强调句型：It is/was not until... ＋ that＋其他部分。
• 2．部分倒装的3个句式
• 3．(2015·北京卷)If ____________ (accept) for the j you’ll be informed sooacnc.epted
• 解析：句意：如果你被录取做这个工作，你将很快被通知。 题考查状语从句的省略：完整的句子为：If you are accepted the job，you’ll be informed soon。
• ②如果有两个或两个以上的主语，谓语动词be采用就近一致 则。
• 反面解读破解短文改错
• 设错点1 祈使句与省略句的误用
• 1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)The instructor kept repeating th
words，“Speed up！”“Slow ________________
down！T”ur“ingT→urTnurinng
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• 1．祈使句的4种句式 • ①动词原形(＋宾语＋其他成分) • ②Be＋表语，如Be honest. • ③Let’s/Let us do/not do sth. • ④祈使句＋and/or＋简单句(简单句谓语用一般将来时)
2019高考英语二轮复习600分策略专题4语法填空和短文改错第1讲语法必备重点2词性转换比较等级和名
的”。 amazed 意为“吃惊的”，用以说明人的心理感受或修饰与人有关的名
词，如 appearance( 外表 ) ， look( 神情 ) ， expression( 表情 ) ， smile( 微笑 ) ， voice( 嗓 音)等。
11．(2017·浙江卷)But something made her look closer，and she noticed a
recently 12．(2016·四川卷)Chinese scientists ____________ (recent) had a chance to
study a wild female panda with a newborn baby. 解析：句意：中国科学家最近有机会研究一个野生雌性大熊猫和它的小宝 宝。设空在句中修饰谓语动词 had ，应用副词作状语：故填 recently ，意为“最 近”。
名词。
考法2 考查比较等级——利用标志词确定比较级
worse 14．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Even ________(bad) ，the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. 解析：句意：更糟糕的是，人们所吃快餐的数量增加了。设空前是比较级 修饰语 Even ，故设空处应填比较级。注意 bad/badly 的比较级和最高级分别是
earlier 18．(2017·浙江卷)Sixteen years __________(early) ，Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring to cook a meal. 解析：句意：十六年前，帕拉森取下钻石戒指做饭。表示“……之前”， 应用early的比较级earlier。 练有小得：early(adj. & adv. )是高考语法填空和短文改错的高频考点，所以