舰载武器
舰载武器海洋环境适应性分析

舰载武器海洋环境适应性分析I. IntroductionA. BackgroundB. Research aimC. Research significanceII. Overview of Naval WeaponsA. Classification of Naval WeaponsB. Characteristics of Naval WeaponsC. Importance of naval weapons in maritime defence III. Marine EnvironmentA. Dimension of marine environmentB. Oceanographic conditionC. Impact of marine environment on naval weapons IV. Adaptability of Naval WeaponsA. Introduction to AdaptabilityB. Changes in Naval Weapons due to AdaptabilityC. Impact of Adaptability on Naval CapabilitiesV. Challenges and OpportunitiesA. Challenges in the use of Naval Weapons in Marine EnvironmentB. Opportunities for improvement of Naval WeaponsC. Future Prospects and SuggestionsVI. ConclusionA. Summary of Main PointsB. Contributions to the fieldC. Limitations and recommendations for future studies.I. IntroductionA. BackgroundNaval weapons have played a crucial role in maritime defence for centuries. With the advancement of technology, the naval weaponry system has become more sophisticated and effective. The naval weapons include various types of missiles, guns, torpedoes, mines, and depth charges, etc. These weapons provide the naval forces with the capabilities to protect their interests, defend their territory, and project power in times of conflict.B. Research aimThe main aim of this study is to explore the adaptability of naval weapons to the marine environment. The marine environment presents unique challenges for the naval forces, including salinity, temperature, currents, wave motion, and varying depths. Therefore, it is essential to examine how the design and operation of the naval weapons are adapted to cope with these challenges.C. Research significanceThis study contributes to the understanding of the challenges and opportunities involved in the use of naval weapons in the marine environment. It helps to identify the gaps and limitations in the current systems and provides recommendations for future improvement. The findings of this study can also be beneficial in enhancing the operational readiness and effectiveness of the naval forces.II. Overview of Naval WeaponsA. Classification of Naval WeaponsNaval weapons can be classified into four different categories: guns, missiles, torpedoes, and mines. Guns include different types of guns with various calibers such as naval guns, automatic guns, and machine guns. Missiles can be further divided into surface-to-air missiles, air-to-surface missiles, anti-ship missiles, and cruise missiles. Torpedoes are self-propelled underwater weapons designed to target ships, submarines, or other underwater targets. Mines are explosive devices designed to damage or sink ships passing over them.B. Characteristics of Naval WeaponsNaval weapons have several common characteristics such as range, accuracy, lethality, and survivability. The range of naval weapons depends on the type of weapons and the target's location. The accuracy of naval weapons relies on the sensors and guidance systems. Lethality refers to the ability of weapons to cause damage or destruction to the target. Survivability involves the ability of weapons to withstand the hostile environment.C. Importance of Naval Weapons in Maritime DefenceNaval weapons play a crucial role in maritime defence by providing the naval forces with the capabilities to protect their interests, defend their territory, and project power in times of conflict. The navy's mission is to maintain the freedom of the seas and ensure secure sea lanes for the movement of goods and people. The effectiveness of the naval weapons directly affects the navy's capacity to fulfil this mission.In conclusion, this chapter provides an overview of the naval weapons system, including the classification and characteristics of different types of weapons. The importance of naval weapons in maritime defence has also been emphasized.II. Adapting Naval Weapons to the Marine EnvironmentA. Challenges of the Marine Environment for Naval Weapons The marine environment presents unique challenges for the naval weapons system. These challenges include harsh weather conditions, unpredictable undersea currents, the effects of salinity and temperature on the weapons, and the depth of the ocean. The adaptation of naval weapons is necessary to ensure that weapons can function effectively in the marine environment.B. Design and Operation of Naval WeaponsTo adapt naval weapons to the marine environment, several design and operational features have been used. For example, naval guns are designed to be weather-resistant and durable to withstand the harsh sea conditions. Cannon barrels are sealed to prevent seawater from entering the guns, leading to corrosion and component failures. Additionally, surface-to-air missiles and torpedoes have integrated gyroscopes and accelerometers to compensate for the motion of the ship, enabling the weapons to hit their targets accurately.C. Underwater WeaponsThe design of underwater weapons, such as mines and torpedoes, requires specific adaptations. The weapon must be able to operate underwater without being affected by the varied water pressure, waves, and temperature changes. Mines have to be anchored to theseafloor, and self-propelled torpedoes require a propulsion system to move through the water efficiently. These weapons' guidance systems enable them to seek and track a target accurately to minimise collateral damage.D. Sensors and Surveillance SystemsSeveral sensors and surveillance systems are used to enhance the effectiveness of the naval weapons system. Radar, sonar, and acoustic systems are used for target detection, tracking, and identification. These systems are essential in the detection of underwater threats and fire control for naval guns. Additionally, satellite imagery and aerial surveillance are used for the collection and analysis of intelligence data for maritime surveillance and situational awareness.E. Maintenance and LogisticsThe maintenance and logistics of naval weapons are critical aspects of their adaptability to the marine environment. The weapons have to be regularly maintained to prevent corrosion and ensure that their components are functional. Service personnel must be trained and equipped to carry out maintenance and repair work on the weapons. Additionally, the weapons have to be supplied with the necessary equipment and spare parts to ensure operational readiness.In conclusion, this chapter has highlighted the challenges posed by the marine environment for the naval weapons system. It has also discussed the various design and operational adaptations for naval weapons to function effectively in the marine environment. The sensors and surveillance systems, maintenance, and logisticsaspects of the naval weapons system have also been discussed. An understanding of these features is essential in maximising the naval forces' effectiveness in maritime defence.III. Future of Naval Weapons DevelopmentA. Advancements in TechnologyThe development of naval weapons has been influenced by advancements in technology. Perhaps the most significant advancement in this regard has been the progression towards automation and autonomy in weapon systems. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning algorithms are increasingly being incorporated into naval weapons systems, making the systems more effective, efficient and capable. Weapons systems are also benefiting from more sophisticated sensors and processing power, enabling faster and more accurate targeting.B. Electromagnetic and Directed Energy Weapons Electromagnetic weapons and directed energy weapons are likely to have a significant impact on naval weapons capabilities in the future. Electromagnetic weapons, such as railguns, use electromagnetic energy to launch projectiles at high speeds, making them more effective at long ranges. Directed energy weapons, such as lasers, use concentrated beams of energy to disable or destroy targets. Their precision, speed, and lack of ammunition make them attractive options for future naval weapons systems.C. Autonomous and Unmanned SystemsFuture naval weapons development is likely to utilise more autonomous and unmanned systems. Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) and unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) are already being used for reconnaissance and surveillance purposes. They offer the benefits of increased range, autonomy, and the ability to operate in hazardous environments with reduced risk to personnel. Further development of these systems is expected to lead to the deployment of fully armed unmanned systems, changing the nature of naval warfare.D. Cyber WarfareThe rise of cyber warfare is also expected to impact the development of naval weapons systems. The integration of digital technologies and connected systems means that there is now a significant risk of cyber-attacks on naval weapons systems. Development of countermeasures against these attacks and the further integration of cyber technologies into naval systems are likely to become essential in ensuring the security and integrity of naval weapon systems in the future.E. Environmental ConsiderationsEnvironmental considerations also play a role in the development of naval weapons systems. The use of fossil fuels in naval vessels and weapons systems is becoming increasingly unsustainable. Development of more environmentally friendly alternatives, such as fuel cells and renewable energy sources, is critical for the future of naval weapons development. Sustainability is becoming a critical factor in keeping naval weaponry viable for the long term. In conclusion, future naval weapons development is expected to be influenced by advancements in technology, the use of electromagnetic and directed energy weapons, the proliferation ofautonomous and unmanned systems, and the impact of cyber warfare. Environmental considerations are additionally making an impact on future developments. An understanding of these potential trends is essential for the development of the next generation of naval weapons systems.IV. Challenges of Naval Weapons DevelopmentThe development of naval weapons systems faces numerous challenges that need to be addressed to ensure their effectiveness and sustainability. This chapter looks at some of the significant challenges in the field of naval weapons development.A. CostNaval weapons development is a costly process that requires significant investment from governments and private industry. The development of new technologies and the integration of those into naval systems can be a time-consuming and arduous process. As budgets and resources become tighter, creating cost-effective and efficient naval weapons systems becomes increasingly challenging.B. Global CooperationThe need for international cooperation is essential in advancing naval weapons development. In many cases, the sharing of information, resources and expertise can lead to more effective and efficient systems. However, international relations and politics can also hinder cooperation, leading to a fragmented approach to naval systems development.C. Testing and EvaluationThe testing and evaluation of naval weapons systems is a criticalprocess that is often underestimated. The development of new technologies requires extensive testing to ensure their safety, reliability and effectiveness. Designing tests that accurately represent the real-world conditions that naval systems will face, can be challenging. Furthermore, ethical implications must be considered in the testing of lethal naval weapons systems.D. Integration with Existing SystemsThe integration of new systems with existing naval infrastructure and operational procedures can be a significant challenge. Changing existing systems to accommodate new technologies requires careful planning and consideration. Training personnel to effectively use new systems can also be time-consuming and can significantly limit the impact of new technologies.E. CybersecurityAs noted in the previous chapter, cybersecurity is a growing concern in naval weapons development. The integration of digital technologies and connected systems provides sophisticated and targeted opportunities for cyber-attacks on naval weapons systems. Ensuring that naval weapons systems are well protected from cyber-attacks is essential as the systems will play a critical role in national security.F. ObsolescenceThe fast pace of technological development means that once cutting-edge naval weapons systems can quickly become outdated. The risk of obsolescence has to be considered in the design of naval weapons systems to avoid them becoming redundant soon after completion. The need for upgrades or replacement of systemscan become costly and even unaffordable for some countries.In conclusion, the development of naval weapons systems is an ongoing challenge that requires significant investment, international cooperation, and careful planning. Testing and evaluation, integration with existing systems, cybersecurity, and avoiding obsolescence are some of the challenges that need to be addressed to achieve effective and sustainable naval weapons systems. Addressing these challenges requires cooperation between governments, the private sector, and academia to produce cost-effective, sophisticated, and ethical naval weapons systems.V. Future Trends in Naval Weapons DevelopmentThe rapidly advancing technologies present an exciting future for naval weapons development. This chapter will explore the significant trends that are shaping the future of naval weapons development and how they will influence the design of future naval systems.A. Artificial IntelligenceArtificial intelligence (AI) is set to become one of the most significant technological developments in naval weapons development. AI capabilities will enable naval systems to learn from experience and make informed decisions without human intervention. The use of AI in naval weapons systems promises to increase speed, accuracy, efficiency and situational awareness in complex naval environments.B. Electromagnetic RailgunThe use of electromagnetic railguns is a promising new technologythat has the potential to revolutionize naval weapons systems. Electromagnetic railguns use electromagnetic fields to fire projectiles at high speeds over long distances. This technology offers a faster, cheaper and more capable weapon than traditional guns and missiles.C. Unmanned and Autonomous SystemsThe use of unmanned aerial and underwater vehicles (UAVs and UUVs) and other autonomous systems is another trend in naval weapons development. These systems can perform a wide range of operations, from surveillance to combat missions, without endangering human lives. Unmanned and autonomous systems are expected to become increasingly sophisticated and capable, presenting more significant opportunities for naval weapons development in the future.D. Directed Energy WeaponsDirected energy weapons, including lasers and high-power microwave (HPM) technology, are becoming more feasible for naval weapons development. Directed energy weapons promise faster, more accurate, and highly targeted destruction capabilities. These weapons will be highly effective against aerial and underwater threats, including enemy UAVs and UUVs.E. CybersecurityAs discussed in previous chapters, cybersecurity is a growing concern in naval weapons development. The increasing use of digital technologies and networked systems will increase the vulnerability of naval weapons systems to cyber-attacks. Therefore, cybersecurity will become an essential aspect of any future navalweapons development to ensure that the systems remain secure and protected.F. SustainabilitySustainability is becoming an increasingly critical aspect of naval weapons development. The growing concern over the environmental impact of weapon systems has led to the development of eco-friendly technologies that reduce the impact of naval activities on the natural environment. Future naval weapons systems will be designed with sustainability in mind, and measures will be taken to ensure that the systems are environmentally friendly and sustainable.In conclusion, the future of naval weapons development is looking bright with the increasing use of AI, railguns, unmanned and autonomous systems, directed energy weapons, cybersecurity and sustainability. These new technologies offer faster, more efficient and effective ways to protect national security. The development of these new naval systems will require significant investment from governments, the private sector and academia to ensure that our naval forces remain equipped with the latest technologies to remain competitive on the global stage.。
改进粒子群算法的舰载武器目标分配

改进粒子群算法的舰载武器目标分配陈曼;周凤星【摘要】针对舰载火力打击中的武器目标分配问题,设计了一种改善的混合粒子群优化算法来求解.对粒子更新速度的最大值进行线性递减,使得前期加强全局寻优能力,后阶段提高收敛能力;采用异步变化的学习因子,以及基于正切函数的惯性权重改进法来解决全局搜索能力与收敛精度之间的矛盾;引进了遗传算法中的杂交算子并采取模拟退火思想更新粒子,避免得到局部最优解.仿真结果显示,设计的算法能有效适宜地求解武器目标分配问题.【期刊名称】《火力与指挥控制》【年(卷),期】2018(043)011【总页数】5页(P72-76)【关键词】粒子群算法;异步;惯性权重改进;杂交;模拟退火【作者】陈曼;周凤星【作者单位】武汉科技大学信息科学与工程学院,武汉430081;武汉科技大学信息科学与工程学院,武汉430081【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TP301.6;TJ810.3+70 引言在舰载武器系统实施火力打击的过程中,当多个目标同时来袭时,就需要快速地作出决策如何进行武器目标分配,武器目标分配是指按照一定的最优分配原则将多种武器分配给多个来袭目标。
近年来,舰艇编队防空领域的武器目标分配问题受到了广泛关注,有关学者提出了许多智能算法进行求解,如遗传算法、蚁群算法、粒子群算法等,极大地提高了武器目标分配问题的效率和可行性[1-5]。
粒子群算法被广泛应用于武器目标分配问题中,如文献[6]将遗传算法中的交叉、变异操作加入到粒子群算法,降低了算法陷入局部收敛的可能,但增加了运行时间;文献[7]提出了一种离散粒子群优化算法,对粒子的速度和位置公式作出了新的定义,但这种方法增加了陷入局部最优的可能。
考虑到基本粒子群算法极可能陷入局部最优解的缺陷,本文提出了一种改善的粒子群算法对舰载武器目标分配问题进行求解,对解即分配结果采取十进制整数编码;对粒子更新的速度最大值进行线性递减,在初始阶段加强算法的全局寻优能力,后阶段提高收敛能力;对粒子位置更新基本公式中的学习因子采用异步变化的方式,并采用一种基于正切函数的惯性权重改进方法,平衡全局和局部寻优能力;最后将杂交操作引入算法,对更新后的粒子采用模拟退火策略进行替换,进一步增加搜索精度,仿真结果表明提出的算法能快速合理地求解武器目标分配问题。
电磁环境因素对舰载武器装备可靠性的影响分析及对策

舰载武器装备的电子信息化程度不断提高,在一定程度上推动了舰载武器装备的智能化、自动化发展,但是,受制于电子设备对电磁信号的敏感特性,从而导致在复杂电磁环境下,舰载武器装备的可靠性明显降低。
基于这一原因,电磁干扰被视作影响舰载武器装备性能的元凶之一,强化舰载武器装备对复杂电磁环境的适应性就成为舰艇武器装备设计过程中需要重点考虑的内容。
1 电磁环境兼容性概述所谓电磁环境兼容性,是指某一研究对象能够在特定电磁环境中保持其原有功能和状态的能力,电磁环境兼容性越强,则该对象在复杂电磁环境中的可靠性也就越高。
通常来讲,电磁环境兼容性的研究需要同时满足三个要素,其分别为电磁干扰源、敏感设备、耦合通道,缺少任何一个要素,则电磁环境兼容性的研究也就失去了其意义。
首先,电磁干扰源有两种类型,一种是自然因素引起的电磁干扰,如雷电、太阳风暴等,另一种则是人为因素制造的电磁干扰,如高频通信电磁波、电子干扰机等;其次,敏感设备是指一些工作状态受空间电磁信号影响较为明显的设备,其主要是由于电磁感应原理所导致的感应电流与感应电压存在;最后,耦合路径主要包括传导耦合干扰和辐射耦合干扰,传导耦合干扰是指干扰信号在相连网络中的持续传递,而辐射耦合干扰则是通过电磁感应的方式对敏感设备形成干扰。
2 电磁环境对舰载武器装备可靠性的影响在实际应用过程中,受舰艇内、外电磁环境的影响,以及舰载武器装备的电磁环境适应性的不同,从而导致其可靠性也有所差异。
因此,关于电磁环境对舰载武器装备可靠性的影响就需要具体问题具体分析。
2.1 舰载武器装备点火电路失效对于大多数舰载武器装备来说,击发按钮已经由早期的机械式击发转变为电击发,因此,可靠的点火开关与电路设计就成为舰载武器装备成功击发的关键。
然而,在复杂电磁环境下,点火电路中电子元器件的性能会受到不同程度的影响,继而导致舰载武器装备点火电路失效,无法正常击发。
2.2 舰载武器装备内部电磁干扰现象对于某些舰载武器装备,其内部电路较为复杂,除低功率交流电、直流电以外,也会使用到大功率交流电,因此,由此带来的电磁干扰也不容忽视。
军事理论点整理

上课思考题及老师提示的必考题用黄色标出国防概述国防,是国家为防备抵抗侵略,制止武装颠覆,保卫国家的主权、统一、领土完整和安全所进行的军事活动,以及与军事有关的政治、经济、外交、科技和教育等方面的活动。
对内职能:制止武装颠覆对外职能:防备和抵抗侵略主体:国家资本主义国家,国防的主要职能是扩张。
按社会形态,可分为奴隶制、封建制、资本主义和社会主义国防。
按军事战略和国防建设的目标,可分为防御型和扩张型国防。
国家与国防:国防是随着国家的产生而出现的;国防是为国家利益服务的;国防受国家性质、制度和政策的制约。
国防的地位:国防是国家安全的重要保证;国防是国家独立自主的前提;国防是国家繁荣发展的重要条件。
一.武装力量武装力量,是国家或政治集团所拥有的各种武装组织的总称。
一般以军队为主体,由军队和其他正规与非正规的武装组织构成,是国防力量的主体。
1.构成,使命基本体制:“三结合”,中国武装力量由中国人民解放军,中国人民武装警察部队和民兵组成。
中国人民解放军由现役部队和预备役部队组成。
现役部队,是国家的常备军。
它由陆军、海军、空军和第二炮兵组成。
预备役部队,以现役军人为骨干,以预备役军官和士兵为基础,按统一编制编成,平时隶属于省军区,战时转入现役后隶属现役部队。
七大军区:北京军区、沈阳军区、兰州军区、济南军区、南京军区、成都军区、广州军区。
中国人民解放军性质:中国共产党缔造和领导的,用马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论武装起来的人民军队,是中华人民共和国的武装力量,是人民民主专政的坚强基石。
中国人民解放军宗旨:紧紧地和人民站在一起,全心全意为人民服务。
中国人民解放军使命:担负着巩固国防、抵抗侵略、保卫祖国、保卫人民的和平劳动、参加国家建设的任务。
陆军以炮兵、步兵、装甲兵为主体,九大兵种组成。
合成性军种。
1927.8.1成立。
基本建制:集团军、师(旅)、团、营、连、排、班。
领导机关职能由四总部代行,七大军区直接领导所属陆军。
有源干扰对舰载武器系统雷达影响分析

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1 引 言
目前 , 艇 海 上 作 战 电 磁环 境 日趋 复 杂 , 内 舰 国 外 大 多数 战舰 都 装 备 了舰 载 电子 对 抗 系统 。舰 载 电子对 抗 系统 在反 导 作 战 中 的运 用 现 已有 大量 的
世界七大顶级现役驱逐舰扫描

驱逐舰是用于消灭敌人的潜艇、水面舰艇和船舶,担任己方大型军舰和护航运输队警戒,防止被敌攻击的一种战斗舰艇。
此外,还可用于侦察、巡逻、对岸射击、布设水雷障碍和执行其他任务,是名副其实的“海上中坚”。
鉴于在立体作战中担负的职责不同,驱逐舰的性能评价标准不一而足,这里仅选取较有代表性的七大战舰,以供网友赏鉴。
一、阿利·伯克级美国阿利·伯克级导弹驱逐舰DDG-94尼采号美国海军最新型导弹驱逐舰,是世界上第一艘装备宙斯盾系统并全面采用隐形设计的驱逐舰,作战使命和作战能力接近于提康德罗加级巡洋舰。
舰载武器装备、电子装备高度智能化,并首次采用导弹垂直发射技术,具有对陆、对海、对空和反潜的全面作战能力,因此成为美国航母战斗群的“贴身护卫”。
代表美国海军驱逐舰的最高水平,堪称当今世界水面舰艇翘楚之作。
主要参数服役时间:1991年7月标准排水量:6625吨满载排水量:8422吨(I型),9033吨(II型),9217吨(IIA型)最大航速:32节续航能力:5000海里/20节作战系统:宙斯盾作战系统导弹发射装置:2座MK41垂直发射系统,首部装4个模块,尾部装8个模块,首部备弹29枚,尾部备弹61枚,总备弹量90枚舰载导弹:“标准”舰空导弹、“战斧”巡航导弹、“阿斯洛克”反潜导弹、“鱼叉”反舰导弹(从第24艘“弗莱特”号起加装“拉姆”式防空导弹)舰炮:1门MK45 127毫米舰炮、2座MK15型6管20毫米“密集阵”舰炮系统鱼雷:2座MK32三联装鱼雷发射管舰载直升机:2架SH-60B/F型"海鹰"反潜直升机二、金刚级日本金刚级导弹驱逐舰鸟海号日本版的阿利·伯克级驱逐舰,是美国首次向盟国转让宙斯盾防空作战系统和阿利·伯克级驱逐舰的产物,因此具有伯克级的大多数技术特点。
金刚级驱逐舰极大提高了日本海上自卫队4个护卫舰队的编队防空能力,对日本远洋积极防御战略的实施具有重大作用。
动基座条件下舰载武器捷联惯导系统初始对准研究

动基座条件下舰载武器捷联惯导系统初始对准研究1. 引言1.1 研究背景传统的捷联惯导系统在动基座条件下存在着诸多挑战,如基座的姿态变化、振动等因素会影响系统的捷联性能和初始对准精度。
研究动基座条件下舰载武器捷联惯导系统初始对准成为当前研究领域中的一个重要课题。
为了提高舰载武器系统的精确打击能力和战场生存能力,有必要深入研究动基座条件下捷联惯导系统的初始对准问题,探讨解决方案,优化系统性能。
这不仅对提升我国的军事实力具有重要意义,还对推动捷联惯导技术的发展和应用具有重要意义。
开展动基座条件下舰载武器捷联惯导系统初始对准研究具有重要的实践意义和战略意义。
1.2 研究意义本研究旨在探究动基座条件下舰载武器捷联惯导系统初始对准的问题,具有重要的实际意义和军事价值。
通过对捷联惯导系统的研究,可以提高舰载武器的打击精度和命中率,从而提升海军舰队的作战效能。
研究动基座条件下的挑战和解决方案,对于提升我国军事科技水平具有重要意义。
随着军事技术的不断发展和更新换代,对舰载武器系统的研究和改进势在必行,本研究将为我国海军现代化建设提供重要的技术支持。
本研究具有重要的实际意义和战略意义,对于提高海军舰队的作战效能和保障国家安全具有重要意义。
【内容结束】2. 正文2.1 动基座条件下舰载武器捷联惯导系统简介动基座条件下舰载武器捷联惯导系统是一种集成了捷联惯导技术的舰载武器系统,在对抗复杂环境下能够实现高精度打击目标的能力。
该系统由动基座、惯导系统和传感器组成,可以实现对目标的精确识别、跟踪和打击。
动基座可以根据目标的运动状态和环境变化实时调整武器的姿态,从而提高武器的打击精度和生存能力。
捷联惯导系统则能够利用惯性传感器和GPS等技术实现对目标的精确定位和引导,确保武器能够准确命中目标。
动基座条件下舰载武器捷联惯导系统是一种先进的武器系统,具有高度的精度和灵活性,能够有效应对复杂多变的作战环境,对提高舰载武器的作战效能具有重要意义。
舰载武器

• • • • 18,500 4500 ( 2000 21 12D SD-10D 6
10
• • • • • • • • • • • • 21.26 ( 3.94 12.88 7.62 )
4.45
16
1.6 15/WS-
25 10 40
2.35
11
(7 )
J-20结构
J-20图册
俄罗斯T-50战斗机
舰载武器
目前世界上唯一服役的第5代歼击机是美国的F22,中国歼-20首飞试验正好在美国防长盖茨 访华期间进行。盖茨向美国记者确认了中国新 一代歼击机的存在,但没有对此表示任何担心。 中国外交部官方发言人洪磊1月11日强调,中 国坚持走和平发展道路,奉行防御性的国防政 策,发展军事技术符合国家安全利益和保护国 家的主权的需要,不对任何国家构成威胁。 -- 2011-01-13 09:53 来源:东方网
B-2隐形轰炸机图片
中国轰10隐形轰炸机
• 轰10隐形战略轰炸机,这是一款跟美国B2 隐形战略轰炸机相类似的大型战机,是中 国航空人近年秘密研制的,所以过去很少 有它的消息披露,如今横空出世,当然令 国家领导人高兴,也让中国人民为之自豪! 因为它打破了美国人在这一领域的垄断地 位,也走在了俄国人的前面,对中国空军 的攻势战略起到了决定性的作用。这种说 法可能性基本为百分之百。
第三代战斗机
• 第三代战斗机。F—15、F—16和F-18就 是美国第三代战斗机的杰出代表,而Su- 27和米格-29则是俄罗斯第三代战斗机的 代表。歼-10是中国产第三代战斗机。
第四代战斗机
第四代战斗机是目前正在研制的最先进的 战斗机,它的技术战术指标是根据现代高 技术局部战争的实战经验提出的。现代战 争已经由过去的单一兵器的对抗转变为海、 陆、空军三位一体全方位的较量,而其中 最重要的则是制空权的争夺。
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(7 ) ) 15/WS-
10
J-20结构
J-20图册
俄罗斯T-50战斗机
• 俄罗斯第五代战机T-50引 为单座双发重型 战机,具备隐身性能好、起降距离短、超 机动性能、超音速巡航等特点。根据俄媒 体透露的技术指标,T-50最大起飞重量34 吨,在以27吨重量起飞时,最高速度能达 到每小时1900千米。其超音速巡航速度可 达每小时1450千米,作战半径1100千米, 战斗负荷可达6吨,内置3个武器舱,能实 现飞行性能和隐身性能的良好结合。
舰载武器
目前世界上唯一服役的第5代歼击机是美国的F22,中国歼-20首飞试验正好在美国防长盖茨 访华期间进行。盖茨向美国记者确认了中国新 一代歼击机的存在,但没有对此表示任何担心。 中国外交部官方发言人洪磊1月11日强调,中 国坚持走和平发展道路,奉行防御性的国防政 策,发展军事技术符合国家安全利益和保护国 家的主权的需要,不对任何国家构成威胁。
• 标准,若按俄罗斯标准则为第五代)。作为美军空战的顶级战斗机,F22将替代波音公司生产的F-15.
•
是美国于21世纪初期的主力重型战斗机,它是目前最昂贵的战斗
机。它配备了可以不发射电磁波,用敌机雷达波探测敌机的无源相控
阵雷达和探测范围极远的有源相控阵雷达,AIM-9X(Aerial Intercept
B-2隐形轰炸机图片
中国轰10隐形轰炸机
• 轰10隐形战略轰炸机,这是一款跟美国B2 隐形战略轰炸机相类似的大型战机,是中 国航空人近年秘密研制的,所以过去很少 有它的消息披露,如今横空出世,当然令 国家领导人高兴,也让中国人民为之自豪! 因为它打破了美国人在这一领域的垄断地 位,也走在了俄国人的前面,对中国空军 的攻势战略起到了决定性的作用。这种说 法可能性基本为百分之百。
最重要的则是制空权的争夺。
战斗机与航空母舰
战斗机与两栖登陆舰
• MADE IN USA
长空一击,撼天动地!壮哉!!
剑簳双袭,斩人斩神!伟矣!!
第三代战斗机
• 第三代战斗机。F—15、F—16和F-18就 是美国第三代战斗机的杰出代表,而Su- 27和米格-29则是俄罗斯第三代战斗机的 代表。歼-10是中国产第三代战斗机。
第四代战斗机
第四代战斗机是目前正在研制的最先进的 战斗机,它的技术战术指标是根据现代高 技术局部战争的实战经验提出的。现代战 争已经由过去的单一兵器的对抗转变为海、 陆、空军三位一体全方位的较量,而其中
-- 2011-01-13 09:53 来源:东方网
B-2隐形轰炸机
每架B-2造价为22亿美元。以重量计,B-2比黄金 还要贵两至三倍。
• B-2战略轰炸机是冷战时期的产物,由美国诺思罗普公 司为美国空军研制。1979年,美国空军根据战略上的 考虑,要求研制一种高空突防隐形战略轰炸机来对付苏联 90年代可能部署的防空系统。1981年开始制造原型 机,1989年原型机试飞。后来对计划作了修改,使B -2轰炸机兼有高低空突防能力,能执行核及常规轰炸的 双重任务。是冷战时期的产物,由美国诺思罗普公司为美 国空军研制。1979年,美国空军根据战略上的考虑, 要求研制一种高空突防隐形战略轰炸机来对付苏联90年 代可能部署的防空系统。1981年开始制造原型机,1 989年原型机试飞。后来对计划作了修改,使B-2轰 炸机兼有高低空突防能力,能执行核及常规轰炸的双重任 务。
作战、高机动性、对雷达与红外线隐身性(低可探测性)等特性。
•
据估计其作战能力为现役F-15的2到4倍。将会在较长的一段时间
里成为世界重型战斗机的霸主。研发F-22的技术也同时应用到了单发
中型的F-35上。是仅有的现役可以超音速巡航两种战机之一。
f22战斗机价格? 1.3亿美金左右
J-20基本参数
•
第二代战斗机
• 飞机设计师们就是按照上述这些作战思想和想法 研制了第二代战斗机。这一代战斗机的最大平飞 速度达到了2倍音速。采用大推力涡轮喷气发动机, 开始装备独立的航空电子设备系统,如单脉冲雷 达、导航计算机。
• f-22猛禽(非2代机)
• 机、惯性导航系统等等。第二代战斗机具有全天 候作战能力,装备了中距空空导弹,而且兼顾对 地攻击,对地攻击能力较强。第二代战斗机的机 载电子设备和武器系统的性能有了较大改进,飞 机的重型化倾向明显。
• F /A-117 ,其中F在美国空军中是战斗机的意思 A是攻击机 的!所以它就成了战斗轰炸机,不过没什么空战性能,当初因 为追求隐身性能,导致其机动性能大幅下降,最后折中成了 战斗轰炸机,现在正在安排其退役!
F /A-117
F-22
• F-22 Raptor(猛禽)是由美国洛克希德·马丁(Lockheed Martin)、 波音(Boeing)和通用动力公司联合设计的新一代重型隐形战斗机。 也是目前专家们所指的“第四代战斗机”(此为西方F-22战斗机图片 欣赏(20张)
T—50图册
歼5
歼6-跨入超音速时代
歼7
歼8
歼9
歼10
歼 11
歼12
长弓阿帕奇武装直升机
• 1993年8月,第一架AH-64D“长弓阿帕奇” 原型机首次试飞。1994年6月,“长弓阿帕 奇”原型机第一次采用主动雷达制导的 “长弓海尔法”导弹进行打靶试验,结果 一弹击中了4.2公里处的一辆行进中的T72坦克,效果非常好。从此,AH-64A“阿帕 奇”的发展型-AH-64D“长弓阿帕奇”问世。
AH-64"阿帕奇"
apache
美国陆军中最复杂的武装直升机
第一代战机
• 第一代战机于20世纪40年代末50年代初问世,代 表机型有美国的F-86和苏联的Mig-15等,这代战 斗机以大口径航空机枪(炮)为武器,可在跨声 速区进行近距空战格斗,最大飞行高度约为 15000m,采用中等后掠角机翼,装推重比4~5。 后期代加力燃烧室的涡喷发动机配备光学瞄准具, 且部分飞机装有作用距离仅几千米的截击雷达, 第一代战机已基本退役,我国第一代战斗机有J-5, J-6。
• • • • • • • • • • • •
15 • • • •
•
•
•
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“等现 外 新落航空制导
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F-35
跟美国B2隐形战略轰炸机相类似的 大型战机
• 空重:47880-52912千克,长:24.03米,, 高:4.51米,翼展:65.27米,最大载弹量: 25254公斤巡航速,度:1.1马赫航程: 13328公里,最大起飞重量:205740千克。 武器系统:核弹,常规炸弹,集束炸弹, 巡航导弹,空空导弹。雷达反射截面:小 于0.2平方米。
Missile-9X)(响尾蛇)近程格斗空对空导弹、AIM-120C
(AMRAAM Advanced Medium-Range Air-to-Air Missile)高级中程空
对空导接
口等。在设计上具备超音速巡航(不需要使用后燃器维持)、超视距
速
最 大 飞
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武 器 最
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弹,种,装,空 器 四先都为雷导 : 具进是北石弹(霹 火箭弹发射器,两具红的精确制导武器,由中国各个军工部门最斗精确制导炸弹的自由精确制导滑翔炸弹,巡,新型的霹雳近距空)主被动双模式雳组合动力远距空空
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