(英语)英语阅读理解(人物故事)专项及解析

（英语）英语阅读理解(人物故事)专项及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类

1．阅读理解

For the past few months, my three-year-old daughter has spent an hour every week learning a foreign language. She walks into a small room in a local school, where she and a handful of three and four-year-old spend the next hour dancing to “La Vaca Lola”, a song about a Spanish cow, creating finger puppets(木偶) to voice what they like and don't like (me gusta, no me gusta) and shouting out which animals are big (grande) or small (pequeno).

She tells us little about the classes. In fact, for the first few weeks, nothing at all. I begin to wonder if it was a huge mistake (each lesson works out at about ￡9) but then I show her “La Vaca Lola” on YouTube. She shouts vaca with enthusiasm and with what I hope is a Spanish accent.

The wish to enroll(使……加入) her in language lessons came, like most things, gradually and then in a sudden rush. In my day job, I read and edit stories about the Chinese economy. For a long time, I felt that it would be good for her to learn another language but I had no great plan as to when.

Then I read Edward Luce's The Retreat of Western Liberalism and all my thoughts and worry about the economy combined into a panic. Waking in a sweat, it seemed obvious that if my daughter was to have any kind of future, she would have to learn another language. Ideally (理想地) immediately.

I thought about Mandarin Chinese, one of the top 10 languages most important for our future, according to the British Council (others include Arabic, French, German, Portuguese, Italian, Russian, Dutch and Japanese). But there were no classes for young children nearby. There were, however, local Spanish classes—the number-one language on the list. When she started to sing "Incy Wincy Spider" in Spanish and English—helped by a Spanish nursery worker-our decision was made.

（1）What can we learn about the author's daughter from the first paragraph?

A. She uses finger puppets to make her voice heard.

B. She is the oldest student in her Spanish class.

C. She learns Spanish by dancing to songs.

D. She has learnt Spanish for one month.

（2）How did the author feel about her daughter's class at first?

A. Proud.

B. Surprised.

C. Delighted

D. Doubtful.

（3）Why did the author ask her daughter to learn a foreign language?

A. To prepare her for the coming school education.

B. To equip her for her future.

C. To encourage her to have belief in herself.

D. To develop her interest in singing.

（4）What made the author decide to enroll her daughter in Spanish lessons?

A. Her performance.

B. Her great interest.

C. The nursery worker's suggestion.

D. The fast-growing economy.

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者让自己的女儿学习一种外语的原因以及学习过程中出现的一些问题。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“She walks into a small room in a local school, where she and a handful of three and four-year-old spend the next hour dancing to La Vaca Lola”可知，她和几个3、4岁大的孩子在一起通过唱歌跳舞学西班牙语。故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的”She tells us little about the classes I begin to wonder if it was a huge mistake (each lesson works out at about ￡9)“可知，作者的女儿从来不会谈起她的西班牙语课，这让作者很怀疑自己是否该给女儿报班学习。故作者最初对女儿的课感觉是可疑的。故选D。（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"it seemed obvious that if my daughter was to have any kind of future, she would have to learn another language."可知，作者认为自己的女儿若想有一个美好的未来就必须掌握一门外语。故选B。

（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的”When she started to sing ’Incy Wincy Spider‘ in Spanish and English-helped by a Spanish nursery worker-our decision was made.？“当她开始用西班牙语和英语演唱“Incy Wincy Spider”时，在一位西班牙托儿所工作人员的帮助下，我们做出了决定。可知，是女儿的表现使作者决定让女儿学西班牙语。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

Arthur Dubois isn't your typical grandfather. That's because at 72 years old, the Chicago resident is a newly discovered hip-hop artist.

This week, Dubois walked into Haven Studios, a music program on the South Side of Chicago that supports young ambitious artists. The owner of Haven Studios, Andre "Add-2" Daniels, said Dubois claimed he was "young at heart." So, Daniels decided to listen to Dubois' music. He was completely floored. Daniels quickly took videos showcasing Dubois' talents and posted them to Twitter. His tweet went viral, receiving thousands of reactions within a matter of days. Now, Dubois' talents have even caught the attention of some famous hip-hop producers.

"It's not what you would expect, right?" Daniels says in one of the videos. Dubois music is playing in the background, giving a steady beat that easily invites listeners to dance.

Dubois said his style was entirely self-taught. He first started teaching himself to produce hip-hop beats about six years ago, after he retired. "I found something to do," he told NPR's Scott Simon. "I had to learn how to do the computer and music at the same time." Dubois taught himself by using the audio editing software. Now he's learning another new skill-social media. Dubois' newfound social media fame has been a little overwhelming for him. "I was shocked," he said. "I broke down and cried because I didn't know that many people liked me." Daniels has helped Dubois set up accounts on Twitter and Instagram for his fans to follow, "I'd never used Instargram, Twitter and all that other stuff," Dubois said. "Because I didn't believe in that stuff myself. But now I've got to have it." The attention doesn't seem to have gone to Dubois' head

though-he doesn't really care about getting famous or making money. "I just want to put it out there and let other people hear my music."

（1）What does the underlined word "floored" in Paragraph 2 mean?

A. Astonished.

B. Scared.

C. Nervous.

D. Hurt.

（2）Who helped Dubois take up hip-hop?

A. Daniels.

B. He himself.

C. NPR's Scott Simon.

D. Hip-hop producers.（3）What can we infer from the text?

A. Daniels set up accounts for Dubois.

B. Daniels didn't enjoy Dubois' music at first.

C. Dubois seeks for personal fame and wealth.

D. Dubois didn't expect his popularity on the Internet.

（4）What can we conclude from the passage?

A. Well begun in half done.

B. It's never too late to learn.

C. Lost time in never found again.

D. One good turn deserves another.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,72岁的爷爷Dubois自学嘻哈音乐,并在网上拥有大量的粉丝。

（1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"Daniels quickly took videos showcasing Dubois' talents and posted them to Twitter."可知,听完Dubois的演唱后,Daniels很快拍下了展示Dubois才能的视频,并将其发布到推特上,由此可见他被Dubois的演唱惊到了,由此可知画线词词义为"吃惊的、惊愕的",故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Dubois said his style was entirely self-taught."可知,Dubois说他的风格完全是自学的。也就是说他是自学嘻哈音乐的,故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"I broke down and cried because I didn't know that many people liked me."可知,Dubois说他哭了,因为他不知道会有那么多人喜欢他,由此可知,Dubois 没想到自己在网上如此受欢迎,故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知,本文主要讲述了72岁的爷爷Dubois自学嘻哈音乐,并在网上拥有大量的粉丝,他的故事告诉我们什么时候学习都不晚,故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

Paris is the city of dreams. If you plan to head to Paris for a study period, then perhaps a little reality check is in order. But my experience was a romantic one.

I paved my path to Paris through an exchange program. On arrival in Paris, I was constantly reminded of the official processes I had to complete — forms to be filled in, meetings to attend,

the list seemed endless.

Then the real work began. Once classes were underway, I found myself volunteering to do oral presentations and assignments first, rather than last. This method proved to be very helpful.

Once I had finished class for the week, I had an ever-increasing list of museums to visit, neighborhoods to explore, and cafés to sit in. Read books about Paris. Talk to locals and other foreigners living there. But the one thing that reading a book or talking to someone cannot do is to provide you with the experience of wandering Paris on foot. The people watching, the sounds of the city, the colors as the seasons change, they all add to the ecstasy that I experience in Paris as an exchange student.

After spending five months wandering through the charming neighborhoods, I fell in love with the atmosphere that came out from every open door, and with every spoken word. There is something comforting about walking to the market each Sunday to enjoy the beautiful display of fruits, vegetables and dairy products. There is warmth in saying bonjour to the passers-by.

On my last day in Paris, I confidently said, "Bonjour Monsieur," as I passed the little store down the street. I guess the best part about going on exchange in Paris is falling in love with the city in your own way. And I know mine is unique and special to me, my own little pieces of Paris.

（1）What does the underlined word "ecstasy" in Paragraph 4 probably mean?

A. Courage.

B. Imagination.

C. Happiness.

D. Reputation.

（2）What does the passage mainly tell us?

A. An exchange student's life.

B. Charming neighborhoods.

C. An exchange program.

D. A traveling experience.

（3）Beyond reading books, which experience would the author treasure most?

A. Enjoying coffee in his spare time.

B. Greeting people in French in the street.

C. Buying vegetables in the market.

D. Hanging around in Paris.

（4）According to the passage, what left the author the deepest impression?

A. The friendly people he met in Paris.

B. The special culture he experienced in the city.

C. The academic achievement he made in his study.

D. The presentations and assignments he did in class.

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者作为一名交换生在巴黎的所见所闻，内心感受等。

（1）考查词义猜测。根据作者对在巴黎街上漫步的喜爱及第四段中的“The people watching, the sounds of the city, the colors as the seasons change, they all add to the ecstasy that is experiencing Paris as an exchange student”可知，人们的注视，城市的声音，季节变化时的色彩，都增加了作者作为交换生体验巴黎的喜悦。由此推知，划线词的意思是“快乐，幸福”。故选C。

（2）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“But my experience was a romantic one. I paved my

path to Paris through an exchange program”可知，作者作为一名交换生来到巴黎，他认为自己的巴黎之行非常浪漫。从第二段到最后，文章详细叙述了作者在巴黎的所见所闻，内心感受等。故整篇文章讲述的是一个交换生在巴黎的经历。故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“The one thing that reading a book or talking to someone cannot do is to provide you with the experience of wandering Paris on foot. I discovered some of my favorite places in Paris by wandering”可知，读书以及和人交谈无法提供步行在巴黎闲逛带给你的体验。通过闲逛，作者在巴黎发现了一些自己最喜欢的地方。由此可知，除了读书，作者最珍惜的经历是在巴黎闲逛。故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“The best part about going on exchange in Paris is falling in love with the city in your own unique way. Everyone's experience of Paris is different. I know mine is unique and special to me, my own little pieces of Par is”可知，给作者留下最深的印象是他在这个城市的独特经历。而从上文可知，他在巴黎体验到了不同的风土人情，不同的文化。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

PTSD(战后创伤) is sadly a common affliction(折磨) for many soldiers who have witnessed conflict, an invisible wound that continues to cause incredible suffering long after the guns have fallen silent.

"A lot of us come home without realizing we are bringing the war home with us," said Josh Marino, a veteran (退伍兵)of the Iraq war who suffered the effects of PTSD of suicide .

"I didn't want to deal with it anymore," Marino said. He wrote a goodbye note, grabbed a knife and went outside for a final cigarette in the rain. But then, from the deepest depth of despair came hope. Meowing out of the bushes next to him came a stray black and white kitten (小猫) which, according to Marino, "just walked up and started rubbing up against my leg and let me pet him. I came to life again and I broke down crying. I burst into tears."

From this accidental encounter everything changed. Marino found a new purpose in life through the friendly cat, who he named Scout, and who he credits with saving his life. "I stopped thinking about all my problems, and started thinking about all his problems, and what I could do to help him, "Marino said. The bond between them was instant，but that wasn't the end of the story.

Marino has made a video of his and Scout's remarkable story of healing and heartbreak which you can watch on the Internet. The story is dedicated to showing how animals can help humans through tough times, as well as humans can help them. It is a beautiful story that is sure to tug at your heart strings, showing just how powerful the bond between humans and animals can be. We love it, and we hope you do too!

（1）What can we get from the first two paragraphs?

A. Taking part in the Iraq war had bad effects on Josh Marino.

B. Josh Marino wounded badly during the Iraq war.

C. PTSD is a kind of disease which cannot be cured now.

D. PTSD usually happens after the soldiers drop their guns.

（2）Why did Josh Marino suddenly burst into tears according to the passage?

A. He just couldn't help crying.

B. The little cat gave him hope to treasure life.

C. The wild little cat attacked him so badly.

D. He suddenly realized that the cat came to help him on purpose.

（3）What is the best title for the passage?

A. PTSD- a disease cured by a soldier.

B. The man and the cat.

C. A rescue between a soldier and a cat.

D. How can a cat be used to stop suicide

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记述文，退伍军人Marino患上了PTSD(战后创伤)，在他准备自杀时一只小猫出现寻求他的抚摸，小猫的出现给了他生活的希望，改变了他的生活。（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Josh Marino, a veteran of the Iraq war who suffered the effects of PTSD of suicide”可知Marino参加了伊拉克战争，战后患上了PTSD，并因为PTSD的影响想自杀。这说明参加伊拉克战争对Marino产生了不好的影响，故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Meowing out of the bushes next to him came a stray black and white kitten (小猫) which，….I broke down crying. I burst into tears.”可知在Marino 准备自杀的时候，一只小猫从灌木丛走出来蹭他的腿,让他抚摸自己。这让他又活了过来并哭了。由此可以推断小猫的出现给了他生活的希望，他因此而哭泣。故选B。

（3）考查主旨大意。本文讲述了小猫的出现给了想要自杀的退伍军人Marino生活的希望，拯救了Marino, C项（士兵与小猫之间的救赎）最能体现本文大意，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

My First Day of School

Fear started taking over, I was walking into my first school in America. I had traveled a long distance from India in order to join my parents, who had been for three years, hoping America would help my future. My father decided that I would be better off going to school here, so I enrolled(登记)in the local high school in my new town.

I was afraid how I would do. On the first day, I went to my second period class after I had missed my first. With anxiety, I reached for the door, opening it slowly. Without paying attention to my classmates, I went straight to the teacher and asked if this was the right class. With a soft voice he answered. "Yes." His voice comforted me a little. He gave me a sheet called Course

Requirements, which I would never get in India because we didn't have anything like that. Then he asked me to choose where I would sit. I didn't actually want to pick a seat. In India we had fixed seats, so I never needed to worry about that. I spent the rest of the class taking notes from the image produced by the overhead projector. In Indian schools, we didn't use the technology we had. We had to take notes as the teacher spoke.

It was noon. I was very confused about when I would have lunch. I went to my next class and the bell rang as I entered. I went through the regular process of asking the teacher if I was in the right class. She said, "It's still fourth period."

"But the bell just rang," I said.

Changing from a gentle tone to a harsher(刺耳的)one, she said, "That is the lunch bell, young man."

I apologized. Without another word I headed for the cafeteria. I felt lucky because we didn't have this in India. Every confusion seemed like a barrier I had to get through to reach my goal. At the end of the day, I was on my way to the bus which we didn't have in India either. I spotted my bus and sat down inside happily. I was thinking, today wasn't so bad.

（1）The author attended an American high school because _______.

A. his father preferred American schools

B. his family wanted him to have a bright future

C. his mother had worked in it for 3 years

D. he had been longing to leave his homeland

（2）What do we know about the author's first day of school?

A. He went to the wrong class for the second period.

B. He met some enthusiastic teachers and classmates.

C. He got the Course Requirements sheet from his classmate.

D. He experienced differences from the Indian schools in many ways.

（3）How did the author feel at the end of the day?

A. Worried

B. Puzzled

C. Relieved

D. Excited

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者从印度来到美国，在美国上高中。作者记叙了第一天上学的经历和感受。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"I had traveled… join my parents…, hoping America would help my future. My father decided that I would be better off going to school here"可知，作者的父母希望美国会对作者的未来有好处，在美国上学作者会更好。故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"He gave me a sheet called Course Requirements, which I would never get in India”“I didn't actually want to pick a seat. In India we had fixed seats，I spent the rest of the class taking notes from the image produced by the overhead projector. In Indian schools, we didn't use the technol ogy we had”以及第六段中的“I felt lucky because we didn't have this in India"可知，作者在美国上学的第一天，遇到了很多和印度不一样的地方。例如：自己选择座位，课程安排等。故结合选项，选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"I was afraid how I would do. On the first day, I went to my second period class after I had missed my first. Wit h anxiety…"和最后一段中的"I spotted my bus and sat down inside happily. I was thinking, today wasn't so bad"可知，作者一开始非常害怕，非常焦虑，但是到了这一天结束的时候，他感觉这一天不是那么糟糕。由此可以推知，作者的焦虑最终得以缓解。选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

Generally speaking, people like those who have a good sense of humor.

Sometimes a touch of humor might well enable us to win. Consider the case of a young friend of mine, who hit a traffic jam on his way to work shortly after receiving an ultimatum (最后通牒) about being late on the job. Although there was a good reason for Brian's being late—serious illness at home—he decided that this by-now-familiar excuse wouldn't work any longer. His boss was probably already pacing up and down preparing a dismissal speech.

Yes, the boss was, as Brian entered the office at 9:35. The place was as quiet as a locker room (更衣室): everyone was hard at work. Brian's boss came up to him. Suddenly, Brian forced a smile and stretched out his hand. "How do you do!" he said. "I'm Brian. I'm applying for a job, which, I understand, became available just 35 minutes ago. Doesn't the early bird get the worm?"

The room exploded in laughter. The boss clamped off a smile and walked back to his office. Brian had saved his job, with the only tool that could win—a laugh.

Humor is a most effective, yet frequently neglected means of handling the difficult situations in our lives. It can be used for patching up differences, apologizing, saying "no", criticizing, getting the other fellow to do what you want without his losing face. For some jobs, it's the only tool that can succeed. It is a way to discuss subjects so sensitive that serious dialog may start a quarrel. For example, many believe that comedians on television are doing more today for racial and religious tolerance (忍受力) than people in any other forum.

（1）Brian was late for his job because ________.

A. he got up late

B. he was seriously ill

C. he was caught in a traffic jam

D. he was busy applying for a new job

（2）What can we infer about humor?

A. It is the early bird.

B. It is important in our lives.

C. Brian often saved his job with humor.

D. It can solve racial discriminations.

（3）What does the underlined phrase "clamped off" in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A. charge

B. tried to set

C. gave up

D. tried to hold back

（4）What can we learn from the text?

A. Many people lack in a sense of humor.

B. Brian was supposed to arrive at his office at 8: 30.

C. It wasn't the first time that Brian came late for work.

D. Humor is the most interesting way of solving problems.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，上班族Brian因为遇到了交通阻塞上班迟到，而在此之前他已经收到了迟到的最后通牒，因此这次很可能被辞退。当他在9：35分时走进办公室，他的老板走向了他，突然，布莱恩强颜欢笑，伸出手来。"你好!""他说。"我是布莱恩。我正在申请一份工作，据我所知，这份工作在35分钟前才开始招聘。早起的鸟儿有虫吃吗?"于是办公室都爆发出了笑声，他通过一点幽默化解了这次危机。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Consider the case of a young friend of mine, who hit a traffic jam on his way to work shortly after receiving an ultimatum (最后通牒) about being late on the job.”可知Brian上班迟到是因为遇到了交通阻塞，故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Brian had saved his job, with the only tool that c ould win—a laugh.”可知布莱恩保住了他的工作，用的是唯一能赢的工具——笑声。即可推测幽默在生活中是很重要的，故选B。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“The room exploded in laughter. The boss clamped off a smile and walked back to his office.”可知房间里哄堂大笑，因此老板也是只能强忍住笑，走回他的办公室。故可知划线部分单词意思为"努力忍住；抑制住"，故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“Consider the case of a young friend of mine, who hit a traffic jam on his way to work shortly after receiving an ultimatum (最后通牒) about being late on the job.”可知Brian在上班路上遇到了交通堵塞，就在他收到上班迟到的最后通牒后不久。可知这不是Brian第一次上班迟到了，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

Milton Hershey was born near the small village of Derry Church, Pennsylvania, in 1857. He only attended school through the fourth grade; at that point, he was apprenticed(做学徒) to a printer in a nearby town. After a while, he left the printing business and was apprenticed to a Lancaster, Pennsylvania candy maker. And at the age of eighteen, he opened his own candy store in Philadelphia. In spite of his talents as a candy maker, the shop failed after six years.

After the failure of his Philadelphia store, Milton headed for Denver, where he learned the art of making caramels(焦糖). Then in Denver, Milton once again attempted to open his own candy-making businesses, in Chicago, New Orleans, and New York City. Finally, in 1886, he went to Lancaster, Pennsylvania, where he raised the money necessary to try again. This company— the Lancaster Caramel Company—established Milton's reputation as a master candy maker.

In 1893, Milton attended the Chicago International Exposition, where he saw a display of German chocolate-making implements. Fascinated by the equipment, he purchased it for his Lancaster candy factory and began producing chocolate, which he used for coating his caramels.

By the next year, production had grown to include cocoa, sweet chocolate, and baking chocolate. The Hershey Chocolate company was born in 1894 as a subsidiary(子公司) of the Lancaster Caramel Company. Six years later, Milton sold the caramel company, but reserved the rights, and the equipment, to make chocolate. He believed that a large market of chocolate consumers was waiting for someone to produce reasonably priced candy. He was right.

Milton Hershey returned to the village where he had been born, in the heart of dairy country, and opened his chocolate manufacturing plant. With access to all the fresh milk he needed, he began producing the finest milk chocolate. The plant that opened in a small Pennsylvania village in 1905 is today the largest chocolate factory in the world. The sweets created at this facility are favorites around the world.

The area where the factory is located is now known as Hershey, Pennsylvania. Within the first decades of its existence, the town of Hershey thrived, as did the chocolate business. A bank, a school, churches, a department store, even a park and a trolley system all appeared in short order; the town soon even had a zoo. Today, a visit to the area reveals the Hershey Medical Center, Milton Hershey School, and Hershey's Chocolate World—a theme park where visitors are greeted by a giant Reeses Peanut Butter Cup. All of these things— and a huge number of happy chocolate lovers—were made possible because a caramel maker visited the Chicago Exposition of 1893!

（1）The mention of the 1893 Exposition indicates that _______.

A. the exposition in Chicago is held once every three years.

B. the theme of the exposition of 1893 was "Food from Around the World."

C. the exposition contained displays from a variety of countries.

D. the site of the exposition is now a branch of the Hershey Chocolate Company.

（2）According to the passage, Milton Hershey sold his caramel company in _______.

A. 1894

B. 1900

C. 1904

D. 1905

（3）What can you infer from the passage?

A. Chocolate is popular in every country in the world.

B. Reeses Peanut Butter Cups are manufactured by the Hershey Chocolate Company.

C. Chocolate had never been manufactured in the United States before Milton Hershey did it.

D. The Hershey Chocolate Company now makes more money from Hershey's Chocolate World than from the manufacture and sale of chocolate.

（4）The author wrote this passage mainly to _______.

A. recount the founding of the Hershey Chocolate Company

B. describe the process of manufacturing chocolate

C. compare the popularity of chocolate to other candies

D. explain how apprenticeships work

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Milton Hershey创办Hershey's Chocolate的历

程以及该公司的发展目前状况。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“In 1893, Milton attended the Chicago International Exposition, where he saw a display of German chocolate-making implements.”可知，在1893年，Milton参加了芝加哥国际博览会，在这个博览会上，他看到了一套制作巧克力的设备，故可以推出，国际博览会上有不同国家的产品展示，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The Hershey Chocolate company was born in 1894 as a subsidiary(子公司) of the Lancaster Caramel Company. Six years later, Milton sold the caramel company, but reserved the rights, and the equipment, to make chocolate.”可知，1894年创立了子公司The Hershey Chocolate company，六年后，也就是1900年，把焦糖公司给卖了，故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Today, a visit to the area reveals the Hershey Medical Center, Milton Hershey School, and Hershey's Chocolate World—a theme park where visitors are greeted by a giant Reeses Peanut Butter Cup.”可知，如今，游客可以去参观Hershey医学中心，Milton Hershey学校，以及Hershey's Chocolate World主题公园，在这里，游客可以看到巨大的Reeses Peanut Butter Cup，故可知，主题公园里展出的是Hershey's Chocolate公司的产品，故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。本文主要介绍Milton Hershey创办Hershey's Chocolate的历程以及该公司的发展目前状况，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

Losing a wallet is one of those careless acts most of us have come across, at some point or the other in our lives. While most of us tend to move on after mourning over the lost necessities, there are a few lucky ones who get them back, with the help of the police or the generosity of the person who finds it.

And then there is Hunter Shamatt, who not only got back his wallet but with some added happiness that was tagged along!

Hunter was on his way to attend his sister's wedding on a Las Vegas-bound flight when he realized that he has misplaced his wallet, sometime during the journey. Hunter's family reached out to the Frontier flight to enquire if someone had handed it over to them. Unfortunately, there was no sign of the missing wallet.

But wait. The story was far from over. Just a week after Hunter's sister's wedding, he received a package in his mail. And guess what? There was his wallet! Surprisingly, the wallet was not the only thing that was inside the package. It also had a handwritten note for Hunter which turned out to be a bonus! The piece of paper read,

"Hunter, Found this on a Frontier flight from Omaha to Denver — row 12, seat F wedged between the seat and wall. Thought you might want it back. All the best.

P.S. I rounded your cash up to an even $100, so you could celebrate getting your wallet back.

HAVE FUN!!!"

Moved by the touching gesture, Hunter's mom, Jeannie Shamatt, decided to write a post on Facebook giving a detailed description of the incident. She also urged everyone to share the post as she would like to meet and greet the person behind the act of kindness, personally.

Now, thanks to the astonishing power of social media, the post finally reached the man behind the note. The man was identified as Todd Brown and it was one of his co-workers who made sure Jeannie Shamatt's post reaches his colleague. Jeannie turned to Facebook again to thank Brown and his family for restoring her faith in humanity.

"I try to teach my children to do the right things in life, help people when you can regardless of the outcome. This story is more about restoring faith in people than anything. We hear a lot of bad news but not enough good news. I personally want to thank Todd Brown and his wife for restoring faith that there are amazing people out there."

（1）How did Hunter Shamatt get his wallet back?

A. Todd Brown sent it back.

B. The police mailed it back.

C. He found the wallet by himself.

D. The Frontier flight helped him get it back.

（2）What things were found in the package?

A. A wallet and a tag.

B. A wallet and a note.

C. A note and a tag.

D. A mail and a tag.（3）How did Hunter's mom feel after receiving the package?

A. Touched.

B. Uninterested.

C. Satisfied.

D. Confused.（4）What does the author intend to convey?

A. Friendship.

B. Freedom.

C. Kindness.

D. Justice.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，叙述了Todd Brown捡到Hunter的钱包，将其寄还给Hunter的故事。体现了Todd Brown善良，拾金不昧的品质。

（1）考查细节理解。根据"Just a week after Hunter's sister's wedding, he received a package in his mail. And guess what? There was his wallet! … It also had a handwritten note … "Hunter, Found this on a Frontier flight from Omaha to Denver — row 12, seat F wedged between the seat and wall. Thought you might want it back. All the best. … Now, thanks to the astonishing power of social media, the post finally reached the man behind the note. The man was identified as Todd Brown"可知，Todd Brown捡到了Hunter的钱包，然后将它通过邮递的方式寄还给了Hunter。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"And guess what? There was his wallet! Surprisingly, the wallet was not the only thing that was inside the package. It also had a handwritten note for Hunter"可知，包裹里不仅有钱包而且有一张便条。故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的"Moved by the touching gesture, Hunter's mom, Jeannie Shamatt, decided to write a post on Facebook"可知，Hunter母亲被Todd Brown拾金不昧的行为感动了。故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。通读全文可知，文章叙述了Todd Brown捡到Hunter的钱包，将其寄还给Hunter的故事。这个故事体现了Todd Brown善良，拾金不昧的品质。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

When returning to south-western Germany, where my parents live, it is compulsory for me to go on a hike to connect with nature and reconnect with myself. So, that is exactly what I did the first sunny Sunday back in the beautiful Black Forest. The Huzenbacher See is a tarn in the middle of the northern Black Forest with abundant nature surrounding it. Approaching it after a good hour walk, I saw fascinating blue dragonflies in quantity that attracted us by the way they flew around. They didn't stand still for a photo, as they landed on leaves for a split second. We were also surprised at the yellow water lilies that can be seen floating on its surface between June and July.

Sitting down at one of the benches surrounding the lake for a picnic was satisfying in two ways.

I was aware of the world's beauty that gave me the energy to continue up the mountain to reach the most amazing view looking over the lake. The other was to really fill myself up in order to continue the adventure adequately, full up on some snacks and refreshing water from the well. The hike up wasn't as hard as expected and a good path was provided with dirty rocks and slippery stones all under the shade of the tall trees. This took about an hour and a half until reaching the beautiful view of the lake and land below. Once we had taken in the astonishing views, the walk back down took another hour or so, making the hike a 3-to4-hour round trip, which was well worth it!

Simply being back in the Black Forest and having such pleasant hikes is definitely good for the soul and I highly recommend getting yourself outside, be it in the Black Forest or anywhere outdoors. Get your intake of vitamin D and, most importantly, take in the moments that nature has to offer.

（1）What does the underlined word "tarn" in paragraph Ⅰ refer to?

A. Tree.

B. Tower.

C. Lake

D. Village.

（2）How did the author feel when sitting on the bench?

A. Tired.

B. Content.

C. Surprised.

D. Excited.

（3）What did the author call on people to do?

A. Take vitamin D pills.

B. Love and protect nature.

C. Save the soul and be yourself.

D. Go outdoors and get close to nature.

（4）According to the author, being back in the Black Forest and having pleasant hikes does good to one's ________.

A. health

B. spirit

C. character

D. experience

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在美丽的黑森林里度过的第一个阳光明媚的星期天。作者在湖边的长椅上坐下来野餐，进行了一次3到4个小时的徒步往返旅程。作者因此号召人们多去户外，亲近自然。

（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“We were also surprised at the yellow water lilies that can be seen floating on its surface between June and July.”可知六月至七月间，黄黄的睡莲浮在水面上，我们也很惊讶。其中its指代The Huzenbacher See，故可知The Huzenbacher See 是一个湖泊，故划线部分tarn意思为"湖泊"，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Sitting down at one of the benches surrounding the lake for a picnic was satisfying in two ways.”可知作者在湖边的长椅上坐下来野餐有两方面的满足感，即作者坐在长椅上时感到满足，故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“I highly recommend getting yourself outside, be it in the Black Forest or anywhere outdoors.”可知作者强烈建议到户外去，无论是在黑森林还是任何户外的地方，去亲近自然，故选D。

（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Simply being back in the Black Forest and having su ch pleasant hikes is definitely good for the soul”可知作者认为简单地回到黑森林，进行这样愉快的徒步旅行肯定对灵魂有好处，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和词义猜测两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

If you feel sick or uncomfortable, you might seek out a doctor. But what to do if you don't quite know where you fit into this world and you're tired of carrying that burden alone?

I answered strangers' questions on life puzzles at the entrance to the New York City subway at 57th and 8th. A group of strangers had stopped by because they were carrying around some deep, meaningful questions that had long gone unanswered, like "why can't I be happier in my life?"

And then I spotted her, who would be my toughest questioner of the day. She was about 6 years old and held her mother's hand as she craned (伸长脖子) her neck to stare at us. Her mother stopped, but the girl hesitated. "It's OK," I offered. "Do you have a question?" The girl smiled at her mother, then let go of her hand to walk over towards us. She looked me dead in the eye and said: "How do I know I'm real?"

Suddenly I was back in graduate school. Should I talk about the French philosopher Rene Descartes to prove our existence, with the phrase "I think, therefore I am?" Or, mention English philosopher G. E. Moore and his famous "here is one hand, here is the other," to prove the existence of the external world? But then the answer came to me. I remembered that the most important part of philosophy was feeding our sense of wonder. "Close your eyes," I said. She did. "Well, did you disappear?" She smiled and shook her head, then opened her eyes. "Congratulations, you're real."

She grinned (露齿而笑) broadly and walked over to her mother, who looked back at us and smiled.

（1）Why did the author show up at the entrance of the subway?

A. To take the subway.

B. To look for strangers' help.

C. To offer advice on life puzzles.

D. To help strangers carry their bags.

（2）What made the little girl stare at the author?

A. Curiosity

B. Horror

C. Excitement

D. Nervousness （3）How did the girl find the answer?

A. By hearing a story.

B. By learning philosophy.

C. By referring to others' words.

D. By having a real experience.

（4）Which of the following can best describe the author?

A. Strict and smart.

B. Honest and brave.

C. Clever and helpful.

D. Humorous and sociable.

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在地铁入口回答陌生人所提问的生活方面的难题，一位小女孩问了一个很难回答的问题，最终作者想到了很好的答案，让小女孩满意而走。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“I answered strangers' questions on life puzzles at the entrance to the New York City subway at 57th and 8th.”可知，作者出现在地铁入口是为了回答陌生人生活方面的难题，为他们提供建议。故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“She was about 6 years old and held her m other's hand as she craned (伸长脖子) her neck to stare at us. ”小女孩伸长脖子盯着我们，可以推断出，小女孩因为好奇而盯着作者。故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“‘Close your eyes,’ I said. She did. ‘Well, did you disappear?’She smiled and shook her head, then opened her eyes. ‘Congratulations, you're real.’"可知，作者让小女孩闭上眼睛，然后再睁开眼睛，从而让女孩通过真实的体验找到问题的答案。故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“But then the answer came to me. I remembered that the most important part of philosophy was feeding our sense of wonder.”最终作者从哲学方面找到答案，可推断出，作者很聪明；第二段中的“I answered strangers' questions on life puzzles at the entrance to the New York City subway at 57th and 8th.”作者在地铁入口回答陌生人所提问的生活方面的难题，可推断出，作者很乐意帮助别人。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断量个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。