2020年整理国际经济学国际贸易试题山东大学经济学院.doc

25个选择题共50分，两个简答题30分，两个计算题20分张老师说：选择题要理解为什么，否则不一定能够做对下面是第一章到第五章的选择题及答案余下答案：acadaccacbInterdependence: 互相依赖international:. 国际的microeconomic: 微观经济interregional:地区间的Choice questions1 Ricardo explained the law of comparative advantage on the basis of( A)A the labor theory of valueB the opportunity cost theoryC the law of diminishing returns:边际报酬递减定律D all of the above2. If with one hour of labor time nation A can produce either 3X or 3Y while nation B can produce either 1X or 3Y (and labor is the only input投入), the range of mutually 互相的beneficial trade between nation A and B is: (C )A. 3Y<3X<5YB. 5Y<3X<9YC. 3Y<3X<9YD. 1Y<3X<3Y3. The commodity商品in which the nation has the smallest absolute disadvantage is thecommodity of its (D ).A. absolute disadvantageB. absolute advantageC. comparative disadvantageD. comparative advantage4. If in a two-nation (A and B), two-commodity (X and Y) world, it is established that nation A has a comparative advantage in commodity X, then nation B must have: (D )A an absolute advantage in commodity YB an absolute disadvantage in commodity YC a comparative disadvantage in commodity YD a comparative advantage in commodity Y5. If domestically 国内的3X=3Y in nation A, while 1X=1Y domestically in nation B:(D )A there will be no trade between the two nationsB the relative price of X is the same in both nationsC the relative price of Y is the same in both nationsD all of the above6. An increase in the dollar price of a foreign currency 货币usually ( B)A benefits U.S. importers进口商B benefits U.S. Exporters 出口商C benefits both U.S. importers and U.S. exportersD harms both U.S. importers and U.S. exporters7. The Mercantilists 重商主义者did not advocate 提倡( A)A free tradeB stimulating the nation’s exports stimulate刺激C restricting 限制the nation’s importsD the accumulation积聚of gold by the nationSlope 倾斜stepwise 逐步地equilibrium relative commodity均衡相对商品intersection交叉点余下答案：BACDbd1. Which of the following statements is true with respect to the MRS of X for Y? ( D)A. It is given by the absolute slope斜率of the indifference curve 无差异曲线B. declines下降as the nation moves down an indifference curveC. rises as the nation moves up an indifference curveD. all of the above2 The marginal rate of transformation边际转换率(MRT)of X for Y refers to ( D)A the amount of Y that a nation must give up to produce each additional unit单位of XB the opportunity cost of XC the absolute slope of the production frontier生产可能性边界at the point of productionD all of the above3 The marginal rate of substitution边际替换率(MRS) of X for Y in consumption消费refers to the ( B)A amount of X that a nation must give up for one extra unit of Y and still remain on the same indifference curveB amount of Y that a nation must give up for one extra unit of X and still remain on the same indifference curveC amount of X that a nation must give up for one extra unit of Y to reach a higher indifference curveD amount of Y that a nation must give up for one extra unit of X to reach a higher indifference curve4. Which of the following is not a reason for increasing opportunity costs? ( A)A. technology differs among nationsB. factors of production are not homogenous同质的C. factors of production are not used in the same fixed proportion固定比例in the production of all commoditiesD. For the nation to produce more of a commodity, it must use resources that are less and less suited适合in the production of the commodity5. Export prices出口价格must rise for a nation to increase its exports because the nation: ( D)A incurs招致increasing opportunity costs in export productionB faces decreasing减少opportunity costs in producing import substitutes. 替代品C faces decreasing marginal rate of substitution in consumptionD all of the above6. In the trade between a small and a large nation (B ).A. the large nation is likely to receive all of the gains from tradeB. the small nation is likely to receive all of the gains from tradeC. the gains from trade are likely to equally sharedD. we cannot say7 Commodity indifference curves (D )A are negatively slopedB are convex凸的to the origin原点C should not cross交叉D all of the above8. Nation 1’s share份额of the gains from trade will be greater: (B )A. the greater is nation 1’s demand for nation 2’s exportsB. the closer Px/Py with trade settles贸易落定to nation 2’s pretrade Px/PyC. the weaker is nation 2’s demand for nation 1’s exportsD. the closer Px/Py with trade settles to nation 1’s pretrade Px/Pyconcave凹的intersect 相交application 应用equilibrium均衡compensation principle补偿原则isolation孤立inside在…之内tangent切线internal. 内部的exceed超过specialize专门化mutually互相地taste偏好余下答案：cdcacddddd1. If a nation does not affect world prices by its trading, its offer curve: ( a)A. is a straight lineB. bulges凸出toward the axis轴measuring衡量the import commodityC. intersects相交the straight-line直线segment部分of the world’s offer curveD. intersects the positively-sloped portion积极倾斜的部分of the world’s offer curve2. Which of the following statements regarding partial equilibrium analysis局部均衡分析is false? (c )A. it relies on traditional demand and supply curvesB. it isolates for study one marketC. it can be used to determine the equilibrium relative commodity price均衡相对商品价格but not the equilibrium quantity均衡产量with tradeD. it does not take into considerations the interactions相互作用between different markets3. If the nation’s tastes for its import commodity increases (d )A. the nation’s offer curve rotates旋转toward the axis measuring its import commodityB. the partner’s offer curve rotates toward the axis measuring its import commodityC. the partner’s offer curve rotates toward the axis measuring its export commodityD. the nation’s offer curve rotates toward the axis measuring its export commodity4. The offer curve of a nation bulges凸出toward the axis measuring the nation’s ( a)A. import commodityB. export commodityC. export or import commodityD. nontraded commodity5. The offer curve of a nation shows: (d )A. the supply of a nation’s importsB. the demand for a nation’s exportsC. the trade partner’s demand for imports and supply of exportsD. the nation’s demand for imports and supply of exports6. If the terms of trade贸易条件of a nation are 1.5 in a two-nation world, those of the trade partner are: ( b)A. 3/4B. 2/3C. 3/2D. 4/37. A deterioration恶化of a nation’s terms of trade causes the nation’s welfare to: (d )A. deteriorateB. improveC. remain unchangedD. any of the aboveapproximation近似sought寻找V olume量余下答案：dcdddaba1. Which is not an assumption假设of the H-O model? ( c)A. the same the technology in both nationsB. constant returns to scale规模报酬不变C. complete specialization完全专业化D. equal tastes相同偏好in both nations2. The Leontief paradox里昂惕夫悖论refers to the empirical finding实证发现that U.S.:(a )A. import substitutes are more K-intensive than exportsB. imports are more K-intensive than exportsC. exports are more L-intensive than importsD. exports are more K-intensive than import substitutes3. In the H-O model, international trade is based mostly on a difference in: (b )A. technologyB. factor endowments禀赋C. economies of scale规模经济D. tastes4. The H-O model extends延伸the classical trade model by: (c)A. explaining the basis for comparative advantageB. examining检查the effect of trade on factor pricesC. both A and BD. neither A nor B5. A difference in relative commodity prices between two nations can be based upon a difference in (d )A. factor endowmentsB. technologyC. tastesD. all of the above6. For factor reversal逆转to occur, two commodities must be produced with: (a )A. sufficiently充分地different elasticity of substitution替代弹性of factorsB. the same K/L ratio比率C. technologically-fixed factor proportions比例D. equal elasticity of substitution of factorsintensive集中的reject驳回,排斥await 等候余下答案：acbdcaddc简答题：每题最好都画图1.贸易理论：US和UK两国的W和C互换（见书），计算两国贸易所得2.画图说明一国两种产品的最优组合（无差异曲线与生产可能性曲线相交的切点）3.画图说明即使生产可能性曲线一样，无差异曲线不同，两国也能发生贸易4.求两国的提供曲线以及均衡贸易量和均衡产品价格5.Draw the offer curves for Nation 1 and Nation 2, showing that Nation 2 is a small nationthat trades at the pretrade-relative commodity prices in Nation 1. How are the gains fromtrade distributed between the two nations? Why?6.H—O—S模型，H—O模型7.里昂休斯悖论及解释6.幼稚产业观点7.说明产品周期8.Table 9——1 配额和关税的区别（因书上文字过多，就不一一写答案了）计算：1.题给两国的供给，需求曲线，求没有贸易时孤立均衡点2.给出供给，需求曲线的方程，计算关税，消费者损失，生产者剩余增加额（配额）3.第六章计算题第三题。