英语语法-过去完成时
动词时态过去完成时的用法
动词时态过去完成时的用法动词时态在英语语法中扮演着重要的角色，它用于准确描述一个动作或状态是发生在过去、现在还是将来。
过去完成时是过去时态中的一种，用来表示在过去某一时间或事件之前已经发生的动作或状态。
本文将详细介绍过去完成时的用法及相关例句。
一、过去完成时的结构与构成：过去完成时的结构由助动词“had”加上过去分词构成。
例如：“had + 过去分词”。
二、过去完成时的用法：1. 表示过去某一时间或事件之前已经完成的动作或状态：过去完成时用于描述在过去某个时间点、事件或动作之前已经完成的另一个过去动作或状态。
此时，通常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：by the time, before, when等。
例句1：By the time I arrived, she had already left.（在我到达时，她已经离开了。
）例句2：He had finished his homework before he went to bed.（他睡觉之前已经完成了作业。
）2. 表示过去直到某一时间已经发生或已经完成的动作或状态：过去完成时还可用于表示过去某一时间一直延续到另一过去时间之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态。
例句1：She had lived in New York for three years before she moved to London.（在她搬到伦敦之前，她在纽约已经住了三年。
）例句2：They had known each other since they were children.（他们从小就认识彼此。
）3. 与过去某一时间的比较：过去完成时可用于与过去某一时间进行比较，表示在过去某一时间之前已经完成的动作或状态。
例句1：John had already left when I arrived home.（我到家的时候，约翰已经离开了。
）例句2：She had finished her presentation by the time the meeting started.（会议开始时，她已经完成了演讲。
过去完成时常见动词列表及例句
过去完成时常见动词列表及例句过去完成时（Past Perfect Tense）表示在过去某个时间点或某个动作之前完成的动作或状态。
在英语语法中，过去完成时由had + 过去分词构成。
以下是过去完成时的常见动词列表及例句，帮助大家更好地理解和运用这一时态。
1. arrive（到达）- She had arrived home before I called her.（在我打电话给她之前，她已经到家了。
）2. finish（完成）- They had finished their homework before dinner.（在晚饭前，他们已经完成了家庭作业。
）3. study（学习）- By the time the exam started, I had studied all the material.（考试开始时，我已经学完了所有的材料。
）4. watch（观看）- They had watched the movie before it ended.（在电影结束之前，他们已经看完了。
）5. eat（吃）- She had eaten lunch before she met me for coffee.（她在和我喝咖啡之前已经吃了午饭。
）6. read（阅读）- He had read the book before the movie came out.（在电影上映之前，他已经读了这本书。
）7. clean（清洁）- They had cleaned the house before the guests arrived.（在客人到来之前，他们已经打扫了房子。
）8. work（工作）- By the time she quit the job, she had worked there for ten years.（她辞职时，她在那里工作了十年。
）9. buy（购买）- He had bought a new car before he got the promotion.（在他升职之前，他买了一辆新车。
英语语法 过去完成时有哪些常见的例子
英语语法过去完成时有哪些常见的例子过去完成时是英语语法中一个重要的时态，它用来描述在过去某个时间点之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态。
在句子中，过去完成时通常与其他过去时态相结合使用，以表达时间上的前后关系。
以下是一些常见的例子，展示了过去完成时的使用方式：1. 表示在过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作：- I had already finished my homework when my friend called me.（当我的朋友给我打电话时，我已经完成了作业。
）- The train had left the station by the time we arrived.（我们到达时，火车已经离开了车站。
）2. 表示在过去某个时间点之前已经形成的状态：- She had already fallen asleep before I came home.（在我回家之前，她已经睡着了。
）- They had already made the decision before I joined the meeting.（在我参加会议之前，他们已经做出了决定。
）3. 用于虚拟语气的条件句中，表示对过去的假设：- If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.（如果我学得更努力，我就能通过考试了。
）- If they had arrived earlier, they would have caught the train.（如果他们早点到，他们就能赶上那班火车了。
）4. 用于间接引语中，表示对过去的引述或报道：- He said that he had already seen the movie.（他说他已经看过那部电影了。
）- She told me that she had finished reading the book.（她告诉我她已经读完了那本书。
过去完成时—英语语法
过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即"过去的过去”构成：过去完成时由"助动词had + 过去分词"构成，其中had 通用于各种人称。
They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.She had finished writing the composition by 10 ：00 this morning.过去完成时可表示过去未曾实现的想法和打算，通常连用的动词是want, think, hope, plan, mean, expect, intend, suppose 等：I had meant to come, but something happened. 我本想来，但有事就没有来。
I had intended to speak, but time did not permit. 我本想发言，但时间不允许。
We had hoped that you would come to see us, but you didn’t. 我们本想你来看我们的，但你没有来。
二、过去完成时的判断依据1. 由时间状语来判定一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。
与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：（ 1 ）by + 过去的时间点。
不迟于，在特定时间之前如：I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.（ 2 ）by the end of + 过去的时间点。
如：We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.（ 3 ）before + 过去的时间点。
如：They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.2. 由"过去的过去"来判定。
过去完成时-英语语法课件
过去完成时的疑问句 一般疑问句句型：Had + 主语 + 过去分词...? 回答方式： Yes，主语 + had. / No，主语 + had + not.
过去完成时的疑问句是将助动词had置于主语之前（大写had的第一个字母），在句尾 加问号；这种语序是倒装语序：
I visited the museum yesterday. —Had you visited it before? —Yes，I had./No，I hadn’t. 昨天我参观了这个博物馆。 ——你以前参观过这个博物馆吗? ——是，我去过。/没有，我以前没有去过。
过去完成时的肯定句 句型：主语 + had + 过去分词...
过去完成时的肯定句由助动词had加过去分词构成：
He had already been to New York earlier in the week. 本周早些时候他去过纽约。 Jane had just left when you rang. 你打电话时简刚走。
这 时从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确，这时可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。 例句： After he arrived in England, Marx worked hard to improve his English. 马克思到达英格兰之后，努力提高他的英语水平。
动词think, want, hope, mean, plan, intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现 的想法，希望，打算或意图等。
( 3 ) before + 过去的时间点。如: They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. 在上星期三之前，他们已经种了六百棵树了。
初中英语语法——过去完成时
初中英语语法——过去完成时过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。
过去完成时是一种相对状态，情调动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。
1.过去完成时谓语动词的结构形式过去完成时谓语动词的结构形式为：助动词had+过去分词。
had在句中没有人称和数的变化。
如：My father had left before I came here.My parents had begun to work by the time I got up.2.过去完成时的用法（1）表示在过去某时刻或在过去另一动作之前所完成的动作，即“过去的过去”。
如：She had learned English before she came to English.I asked him if he had ever seen a whale blowing.（2）表示过去某一时间以前开始一直延续到那个时间并可能继续下去的动作或状态，常与for 或since引导的表示时间的短语或从句连用。
如：He had studied English for five years when he went to the middle school.He had been ill for a week when he was sent to the hospital.（3）过去完成时还经常用于主句为过去时的宾语从句中。
在宾语从句中，主句用了一般过去时，从句表示完成用过去完成时。
如：He said he had been a soldier.They said they had seen the film.（4）表示过去未曾实现的希望或计划用过去完成时。
如：I had hoped to pass the examination.（可是未通过）She had thought of paying us a visit，but the bad weather made her change her plan.3.过去完成时与一般过去时的区别一般过去时和过去完成时都表示动作发生在过去。
过去完成时一般疑问句
过去完成时一般疑问句一、过去完成时的概念过去完成时（Past Perfect Tense）是英语语法中的一种时态，用于表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即“过去的过去”（past-in-the-past）。
这种时态主要用于描述在过去时间线上，两个动作或事件之间的先后顺序，其中较早发生的动作或事件用过去完成时表示。
二、过去完成时的结构过去完成时的基本结构由“助动词had + 过去分词”构成，其中“had”通用于各种人称。
具体形式如下：•肯定句：主语+ had + 过去分词+ 其他•否定句：主语+ had + not + 过去分词+ 其他（not常简略为n't，即hadn't）•一般疑问句：Had + 主语+ 过去分词+ 其他？•肯定回答：Yes, 主语+ had.•否定回答：No, 主语+ hadn't.三、过去完成时的用法1.表示在过去某一时间之前完成的动作：这种用法通常与时间状语连用，如by, before等介词短语，或when, before, after等引导的时间状语从句。
例如：o By nine o'clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship.o They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.2.表示在过去某一时间之前已经开始，并延续到该时间点的动作或状态：常与for, since等表示一段时间的词连用。
例如：o By the end of last year, he had worked in the factory for twenty years.o He said he had made great progress since he came here.3.用于宾语从句中，表示在过去某动作之前已经完成的动作：当主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句用过去完成时。
过去完成时的必备知识大公开
过去完成时的必备知识大公开过去完成时是英语语法中的一种时态，用来表示在过去某个时间点或事件发生之前已经完成的动作。
掌握过去完成时的用法和规则对于提高英语写作和口语表达的准确性非常重要。
本文将介绍过去完成时的必备知识，帮助读者更好地理解和运用这一时态。
1. 过去完成时的构成过去完成时的构成非常简单，通常是由助动词“had”加上动词的过去分词构成。
例如：I had finished my homework before he arrived.（他到达之前我已经完成了作业。
）在这个例句中，“had finished”构成了过去完成时的结构。
2. 过去完成时的用法过去完成时用于表示在过去的某个时间点之前已经完成的动作或事件。
通常与表示过去某个具体时间的时间状语连用，如“before”, “until”, “by the time”，“when”等。
例如：She had already left when I arrived.（当我到达时，她已经离开了。
）在这个例句中，“had left”表示在我到达之前她已经离开。
3. 过去完成时和一般过去时的区别过去完成时和一般过去时都是用来表示过去的动作，但它们侧重点不同。
一般过去时表示过去的某个时间发生的动作，而过去完成时则表示在这之前就已经完成的动作。
例如：He had read the book before he went to bed.（他在睡觉前已经读完了这本书。
）4. 过去完成时的时间状语为了更清楚地表达过去完成时，可以使用一些表示过去时间的时间状语，比如：before, by the time, until, already, just等。
这些时间状语可以帮助读者准确理解动作发生的顺序和关系。
例如：I had never seen such a beautiful sunset before.（在那之前我从未见过如此美丽的日落。
）5. 注意过去完成时的句型转换在使用过去完成时时，有时需要对原句进行句型转换。
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1.在老师进入教室前, 李磊擦了黑 板. LiLei ___h_a_d__c_le_a_n_e_d__ (clean) the blackboard before the teacher came into the classroom.
2. 当我们到那儿时火车已经离开了。
The train __h_a_d__le_f_t __ (leave) when we arrived there.
bring___h_ad__b_ro_u_g_h_t_____ open___h_a_d_o_p_e_n_e_d_____
When I got to school, I realized I __h_ad__le_ft my backpack at home.
Millie ran back to school because she had left her magazine in the classroom.
What happened first?
a. Millie ran back to school.
b. Millie left her magazine in the classroom.
Simon left school late because the football game had started late.
构成：
主语+had + 动词的过去分词 (p.p.k about an action that happened before another action in the past.
强调过去某一个动作发生在
另一个动作前常常用过去完成时态。也就是说 发生在“过去的过去”。
过去完成时态的用法：
1. 常由by或before, when引导的短语或从句做时 间状语或时间状语从句
by 到……时候为止 by the end of last week 到上周末为止 by that time 到那时为止 before that year 那年之前 before I arrived 在我到达之前
What happened first?
a. Simon left school late. b. The football game started late.
Daniel arrived out of breath – he had gone to the wrong cinema.
What happened first?
watched TV?
肯定回答： Yes, he had.
否定回答： No, he hadn’t.
Do the exercise
写出下列动词的过去完成时形式
be ____h_a_d_b_e_e_n_______ see____h_a_d_s_e_e_n_______
begin __h_a_d_b_e_g_u_n______ sing___h_a_d__s_u_n_g_______
b. Amy went to the police station.
• 1. She had written a number of books _____ the end of
last year.
①By the end of last year, I had learned about one
thousand English words. ②When I got there, they had already left.
2、常用在宾语从句中 ① He told me he had already finished his homework. ② I realized he had fooled me again 3、体现在上下文中 I didn’t go to the movies yesterday because I had seen it twice.
a. Daniel arrived out of breath.
b. Daniel went to the wrong cinema.
Amy had lost her purse and had to go to the police station.
What happened first?
a. Amy lost her purse.
6:00
7:00
现在
By the time I got up, my sister had already washed all the clothes.
By the time my mom came back home, I had cleaned up the yard.
My little brother went to bed
8:00pm
9:00pm
now
I got home
By the time I got home, my little brother had gone to bed.
The teacher came into the classroom
8:00am
8:15
I got to school
now
By the time I got to school, the teacher had come into the classroom
By the time she got outside, the bus had already left.
过去完成时的否定形式：
主语＋had not／hadn’t+ p.p.+其它.
过去完成时的疑问形式：
Had+主语＋p.p.+其它?
肯定回答： Yes,主语+had. 否定回答： No,主语+had + not.
按要求改写下列句子．
Simon had finished his homework before he watched TV. 否定句：Sheimwoantchhaeddn’TtVf.inished his homework before
疑问句：Had Simon finished his homework before he