中考英语阅读理解(附带解析和全文翻译)之十三

Alfred Nobel, the great Swedish inventor and industrialist, was born in Stockholm on October 21, 1833, but moved to Russia with his parents in 1842, where his father, Immanuel, made a strong position for himself in the engineering industry.

Immanuel Nobel invented landmine and made a lot of money from the government during the Crimean War, but went bankrupt soon after. Then, the family returned to Sweden in 1859, where Alfred began his own study of explosives in his father’s lab. He had never been to school or university but had taught himself, and by the time he was twenty, he became a skillful chemist and excellent linguist, speaking Swedish, Russian, German, French and English.

He built up over 80 companies in 20 different countries. He was always searching for a meaning to life. He spent much time and money working on how to end the wars, and the peace between nations, until his death in Italy in 1896. His famous last will, in which he left money to provide prizes for outstanding work in physics, chemistry, physiology, medicine, literature and peace, is a memorial to his interests and ideas. And so, the man is remembered and respected long after his death.

1. Where was Alfred Nobel born? He was born in ________.

A. Sweden

B. Stockholm

C. Russia

D. Moscow

答案B。根据Alfred Nobel, the great Swedish inventor and industrialist, was born in Stockholm on October 21, 1833. (伟大的瑞典发明家和实业家诺贝尔于1883年10月21日出生于斯德哥尔摩)就能确定正确选项。

2. What did Immanuel Nobel invented during the Crimean War?

A. The engineering industry.

B. A strong position.

C. Landmine.

D. Study of explosives.

答案C。根据Immanuel Nobel invented landmine and made a lot of money from the government during the Crimean War(以马利•诺贝尔在克里米亚战争中发明地雷，挣了很多钱)就能确定正确答案。

3. Why did Alfred Nobel return to Sweden ? Because his father ________.

A. went bankrupt

B. was put in prison

C. was ill

D. died

答案A。根据went bankrupt soon after(不久破产了)就能确定正确答案。

4. How many companies did Alfred Nobel build up? He built up ________ companies in different countries.

A. 20

B. 40

C. 60

D. 80

答案D。根据He built up over 80 companies in 20 different countries(他在20个国家建了80多个公司)就能确定答案。

5. What was Alfred Nobel always searing for? ________.

A. More time and more money

B. A meaning to life

C. How to end the war

D. The peace between nations

答案B。根据He was always searching for a meaning to life(他总是在探索人生的意义)就能确定答案。

Alfred Nobel, the great Swedish inventor and industrialist, was born in Stockholm on October 21, 1833, but moved to Russia with his parents in 1842, where his father, Immanuel, made a strong position for himself in the engineering industry.

埃尔弗雷德•诺贝尔，伟大的瑞典发明家和企业家，在1833年十月二十一号出生于斯德哥尔摩。但是在1842年和他的父母迁移到他父亲所在的地方，但是在1842年和他的父母迁移到俄国，他父亲以马内利在那儿的工程行业占据强有力的地位。

Immanuel Nobel invented landmine and made a lot of money from the government during the Crimean War, but went bankrupt soon after. Then, the family returned to Sweden in 1859, where Alfred began his own study of explosives in his father’s lab. He had never been to school or university but had taught himself, and by the time he was twenty, he became a skillful chemist and excellent linguist, speaking Swedish, Russian, German, French and English.

在克里米亚战争期间，以马内利诺贝尔发明了地雷并且从政府赚了很多钱，但是不久之后就破产了。然后，他们家在1859搬回了瑞典，埃尔弗雷德在他父亲的实验室里开始了他自己对炸药的研究。他从来没去上过中学或大学但是他自学过，并且当他20岁时，他成为一名熟练的化学家和优秀的语言学家，会说瑞典语，俄语，德语，法语和英语。

He built up over 80 companies in 20 different countries. He was always searching for a meaning to life. He spent much time and money working on how to end the wars, and the peace between nations, until his death in Italy in 1896. His famous last will, in which he left money to provide prizes for outstanding work in physics, chemistry, physiology, medicine, literature and peace, is a memorial to his interests and ideas. And so, the man is remembered and respected long after his death.

他在20个不同的国家建立了超过80个公司。他总是在探索人生的意义。他花了很多时间和金钱在怎样结束战争以及国家之间的和平上，直到他在1896年死在意大利。他最后的著名的遗嘱，就是他把钱留下来为在物理，化学，生理学，医学，文学和和平上突出的人提供奖金，为了纪念他的利益和想法。并且因此，这个人在死后很久还被人们纪念和尊敬。