太原理工大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析
考博士英语试题及答案
考博士英语试题及答案一、阅读理解（共40分）1. 阅读下列短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。
（每题2分，共10分）[短文内容略](1) What is the main idea of the passage?(2) What does the author suggest about the future of technology?(3) Why are some people hesitant to adopt new technologies?(4) What is the role of education in technological advancement?(5) How can individuals contribute to the development of technology?2. 阅读以下文章，然后根据文章内容选择最佳答案。
（每题2分，共10分）[文章内容略](1) A(2) B(3) C(4) D(5) E3. 阅读以下文章，并根据文章内容回答问题。
（每题3分，共20分） [文章内容略](1) What is the primary purpose of the article?(2) How does the author describe the impact of globalization?(3) What are some of the challenges faced by developing countries?(4) What solutions does the author propose to address the issues?(5) What is the author's conclusion regarding the futureof globalization?二、词汇与语法（共30分）1. 根据句子意思，选择正确的词汇填空。
2020-2021学年山西省太原市理工大学实验中学高二英语模拟试卷含部分解析
2020-2021学年山西省太原市理工大学实验中学高二英语模拟试卷含解析一、选择题1. The Chinese mainland reported 130 H7N9 cases on May 27, _______ 36 ended in death.A. on whichB. in whichC. of whichD. from which参考答案：C30.Teaching a pronunciation class to a mixed learners can _____ a teacher with many challenging problems.A. provideB. produceC. presentD. offer参考答案：C略3. ______ all the arguments ,I had to make up an excuse and left..A. Attracted toB. Tired fromC. Attracted byD. Tired of参考答案：D4. _______the fact that there was great prejudice against women entering men’s profession then, she succeeded as a manager of a big company.A. In spite ofB. WhileC. Despite of D . Though参考答案：A5. He hasn’t slept at all for three days. ________ he is tired out.A.There is no pointB.There is no needC.It is no wonderD.It is no way参考答案：C6. Kate always seems nervous in public. Maybe she _____ the confidence to talk to strangers. A. enjoys B. rejects C. lacks D. fastens参考答案：C28. —Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time? —Yes, since she____ the Chinese Society.A. has joinedB. joinsC. had joinedD. joined参考答案：D略8. A basketball team is made up 5 players.A.atB.ofC.inD.on参考答案：B9. The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase ______________.A. themB. thoseC. itD. that参考答案：C10. With time ____ by , they got to know each other better.A. passesB. passingC. passedD. to be passed参考答案：B试题分析：句意：随着时间过去他们互相有了更好的了解。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-山西大学考试预测题精选专练VII(附带答案)卷6
2022年考研考博-考博英语-山西大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题I was（）by their kindness and moved to tears.问题1选项A.preoccupiedB.embarrassedC.overwhelmedD.counseled【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。
A选项preoccupied“使全神贯注，抢先占有”；B选项embarrassed“使困窘”；C选项overwhelmed“（情感）难以承受”；D选项counseled“被劝告”。
句意：我被他们的善良（），感动得流下眼泪。
overwhelmed“（情感）难以承受”和带有情绪色彩的move to tear 搭配使句子通顺。
因此C选项正确。
2.单选题Some years ago, Houston airport faced a troubling issue. Passengers were（1）about the long waits at baggage claim (行李提取处).（2）, the executives increased the number of baggage handlers. The plan（3）: the average wait fell to eight minutes, well within industry standard.（4）the complaints persisted.（5）, the airport executives undertook a more careful analysis. They found that it（6）passengers a minute to walk from their arrival gates to baggage claim and seven more minutes to get their bags. （7）, roughly 88 percent of their time was spent standing around waiting for their bags.So they decided on a new approach:（8）reducing wait time, they moved the arrival gates farther away from the main terminal. Passengers now had to walk six times longer. Complaints dropped to near（9）.This story shows that the experience of waiting is defined only partly by the objective （10）of the wait. Occupied time (walking to baggage claim) feels（11）than unoccupied time (（12）at baggage claim). Research on queuing has shown that, people on average,（13）how long they’ve waited in a line.This is also（14）one finds mirrors next to elevators. The（15）was born during the post-World War II boom, when the spread of high-rises（16）complaints about elevator delays. The reason behind the mirrors was（17）to the one used at the Houston airport: give people something to occupy their time.（18）overnight, the complaints ceased.We’ll never（19）lines altogether, but a better understanding of the psychology of waiting can help make those（20）delays more bearable. And when all else fails, bring a book.问题1选项A.warningB.thinkingC.askingplaining问题2选项A.In responseB.In factC.In theoryD.In turn问题3选项A.failedB.workedC.stoppedD.continued问题4选项A.SoB.ButC.OrD.And问题5选项A.PuzzledB.ScaredC.DelightedD.Relieved问题6选项A.spentB.neededC.costD.took问题7选项A.In generalB.In additionC.In any caseD.In other words问题8选项A.in spite ofB.instead ofC.by means ofD.because of问题9选项A.nothingB.zeroC.noneD.no问题10选项plaintB.reachC.feelingD.length问题11选项A.shorterB.betterC.longerD.harder问题12选项A.lookingB.standingC.servingD.pointing问题13选项A.dislikeB.disagreeC.overestimateD.misunderstand 问题14选项A.howB.whatC.whyD.when问题15选项A.reasonB.problemC.standardD.idea问题16选项A.called forB.pointed outC.led toD.began with问题17选项A.accustomedB.specificC.helpfulD.similar问题18选项A.RatherB.QuiteC.EntirelyD.Almost问题19选项A.crossB.eliminateC.drawD.create问题20选项A.inadequateB.impatientC.impossibleD.inevitable【答案】第1题:D 第2题:A第3题:B第4题:B第5题:A第6题:D第7题:D第8题:B第9题:B第10题:D第11题:A第12题:B第13题:C第14题:C第15题:B第16题:C第17题:D第18题:D第19题:B第20题:D【解析】1.考查动词辨析。
太原理工大学研究生基础英语试卷及答案
07-1 PART II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points)Section A (0.5 point each)21. If innovators are not financially rewarded for their innovations, the incentive forpath-breaking innovation will eventually dry up.A. investmentB. resourceC. inspirationD. stimulus22. These illegal immigrants have to work long hours a day despitethe appalling workingconditions.A. bewilderingB. exasperatingC. dismayingD. upsetting23. Many critics agreed that by and large, this movie was a success in terms of acting andphotography.A. all at onceB. by and byC. to some extentD. on the whole24. The country carried on nuclear tests without feeling apprehensive about theconsequences.A. optimisticB. anxiousC. uncertainD. scared25. There is the fear that babies might be genetically altered to suit the parents' wishes.A. enhancedB. revisedC. alternatedD. modified26. The American Civil War is believed to have stemmed from differences over slavery.A. arisen fromB. contributed toC. patched upD. participated in27. Experts said the amount of compensation for sick smokers would be reduced if cooler jurorsprevailed.A. resignedB. compromisedC. persistedD. dominated28. Hamilton hoped for a nation of cities while Jeffersoncontended that the countryshould remain chiefly agricultural.A. inclinedB. struggledC. arguedD. competed29. There have been some speculations at times as to who will take over the company.A. on occasionB. at presentC. by nowD. for sure30. TWA was criticized for trying to cover up the truth rather than promptly notifyingvictims' families.A. brieflyB. quicklyC. accuratelyD. earnestlySection B (0.5 point each)31. New York probably has the largest number of different language _________ in the world.A. neighborhoodsB. communitiesC. clustersD. assemblies32. Nuclear wastes are considered to _____ a threat to human health and marine life.poseB. imposeC. exposeD. pose33. Some states in the US have set _____ standards concerning math and science tests.A. energeticB.vigorousC. rigorousD. grave34. This school promised to make classes smaller and offer more individualized ___________.A. presentationB. instructionC. convictionD.obligation35. Because of ______ ways of life, the couple has some difficulty getting along witheach other.A. incomprehensibleB. incomparableC. inconceivableD. incompatible36. As __________China and other emerging export powers, efforts to strengthenanti-corruption activities are gaining momentum.A. in the light ofB. in the event ofC. in the case ofD. in the course of37. According to an Australian research, moderate drinkers ________ better thinkers thanheavy drinkers or those who never drink.A. end upB. take upC. put upD. turn up38. Strangely enough, an old man ______ me and introduced himself, who turned out tobe a friend of my father’s.A. stood up toB. walked up toC. lived up toD. added up to39. Many children often _____ why airplanes can fly like birds while we humanscannot.A. assumeB. anticipateC. assureD. wonder40. The FDA was created to _______ the safety of products, review applications and grantapprovals.A. manipulateB. adjustC. regulateD. managePART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)Tall people earn considerably more money throughout their lives than their shorterco-workers, with each inch adding about US$789 a year in pay, according to a new study."Height 41 career success," says Timothy Judge, a University of Floridaprofessor of management, who led the study. "These findings are troubling since, with afew 42 , such as professional basketball, no one could argue that height issomething essential required for job 43 ," Judge points out.Judge analyzed results of four large-scale studies in the US and Britain that followedthousands of people from childhood to adulthood, examining details of their work andpersonal lives. "If you take this 44 the course of a 30-year career, we're talkingabout literally hundreds of thousands of dollars of earnings 45 that a tall personenjoys," Judge said.Greater height boosted both subjective ratings of work performance--a supervisor's 46 of how effective someone is-- and 47 measures of performance--such assales volume. Being tall may boost self-confidence, improving performance. Otherpeople may also give higher 48 and greater respect to a tall person, giving theman edge in negotiating states, he says.The commanding influence of height may be a remainder of our evolutionary49 . Maybe from a time when humans lived among animals and size was 50 power and strength used when making "fight or run" decisions.41. A. makes out B. works in C. takes on D. matters for42.A. cases B. exceptions C. examples D. problems43. A. performance B. operation C. condition D. environment44.A. on B. with C. over D. to45. A. deficiency B. advantage C. lossD. necessity46. A. imagination B. decision C. judge D. evaluation47. A. relative B. absolute C. objective D.initiative48. A. state B. status C. situation D. statue49. A. origins B. sources C. courses D. organizations50.A. a time in B. a hold on C. a work at D. a sign ofPART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)Passage OneAt the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), a student loaded his classnotes into a handheld e-mail device and tried to read them during an exam: a classmateturned him in. At the University of Nevada at Las Vegas (UNLV) students photographedtest questions with their cellphone cameras and transmitted them to classmates. Theuniversity put in place a new examination-supervision system. "If they'd spend as muchtime studying, they'd all be A students," says Ron Yasbin, dean of the College ofSciences of UNLV.With a variety of electronic devices, American students find it easier to cheat. Andcollege officials find themselves in a new game of cat and mouse. They are trying to fightwould-be cheats in the exam season by cutting off Internet access from laptops, demanding the surrender of cellphones before tests or simply requiring that exams betaken with pens and paper."It is annoying. My hand-writing is so bad," said Ryan Dapremont, 21 who justfinished his third year at PepperdineUniversity in California. He had to take his examson paper. Dapremont said technology has made cheating easier, but plagiarism(剽窃) inwriting papers was probably the biggest problem. Students can lift other people's writingsoff the Internet without attributing them.Still, some students said they thought cheating these days was more a product of themindset, not the tools at hand. "Some people put too much emphasis on where they'regoing to go in the future, and all they're thinking about is graduate school and the nextstep," said Lindsay Nicholas, a third-year student at UCLA. She added that pressure tosucceed "sometimes clouds everything and makes people do things that they shouldn'tdo."Some professors said they tried to write exams for which it was hard to cheat,posing questions that outside resources would not help answer. Many officials said thatthey rely on campus honor codes. They said the most important thing was to teachstudents not to cheat in the first place.51. One student at UCLA was found cheating ________________.A. when he was loading his class notes into a handheld e-mail deviceB. when he was trying to tell the answers to his classmatesC. after the university put in place a new examination-supervision systemD. after his classmate reported his cheating to the authority52. According to Ron Yasbin, all the cheating students _____________.A. should be severely punished for their dishonestyB. didn't have much time to study before the examC. could get the highest grades if they had studied hard enoughD. could be excused because they were not familiar with the new system53. To win the new game of cat and mouse in examinations, the college officials have to______________.A. use many high-tech devicesB. cut off Internet access on campusC. turn to the oral exanimation formsD. cut off the use of high-tech devices54. According to Ryan Dapremont, ______________.A. examinations taken with pens and paper were useless in fighting cheatingB. his examination paper was under-graded because of his bad hand-writingC. cheating was more serious in writing papers than in examinationsD. it was more difficult for him to lift other people's writings off the Internet55. Which of the following is probably the most Significant measure to fight cheating?A. Putting less emphasis on where the students are going to go in the future.B. Letting students know that honesty is more important.C. Writing examinations for which it is hard to cheat.D. Setting up more strict campus honor codes.56. The best title of the passage might be_____________.A. Cheating Has Gone High-techB. Game of Cat and MouseC. A New Examination-supervision SystemD. Measures to Fight Against DishonestyPassage TwoTop marathon runners tend to be lean and light, star swimmers are long thighs withhuge feet and gold medal weightlifters are solid blocks of muscle with short arms andlegs. So, does your physical shape--and the way your body works--fit you for aparticular sport? Or does your body develop a certain way because of your chosen sport?"It's about 55:45, genes to the environment," says Mike Rennie, professor of clinicalphysiology at Britain's University of Nottingham Medical School. Rennie cites the caseof identical twins from Germany, one of whom was a long-distance athlete, the other apowerful sportsman, so, "They look quite different, despite being identical twins."Someone who's 1.5-meters tall has little chance of becoming an elite basketballplayer. Still, being over two meters tall won't automatically push you to Olympic gold."Unless you have tactical sense where needed, unless you have access to good equipment,medical care and the psychological conditions, and unless you are able to drive yourself through pain, all the physical strength will be in vain," said Craig Sharp, professor ofsports science at Britain's Brunel University.Jonathan Robinson, an applied sports scientist at the University of Bath's sportsdevelopment department, in southwest England, points to the importance of technique."In swimming only 5-10 per cent of the propelling force comes from the legs, sotechnique is vital."Having the right physique for the right sport is a good starting point. Seventeenyears ago, the Australian Institute of Sport started a national Talent Search Program,which searched schools for 14-16-year-olds with the potential to be elite athletes. One oftheir first finds was Megan Still, world champion rower. In 1987, Still had never pickedup an oar in her life. But she had almost the perfect physique for a rower. After intensivetraining, she won gold in women's rowing in the 1996 Atlanta Olympics.Other countries have followed the Australian example. Now the explosion of geneticknowledge has meant that there is now a search, not just for appropriate physique but alsofor "performance genes."57. It can be concluded from the passage that__________.A. physical strength is more important for sportspersons' successB. training conditions are more important for sportspersons' successC. genes are more important for sportspersons' successD. psychological conditions are more important for sportspersons' success58. The case of identical twins from Germany shows that_________.A. environment can help determine people's body shapeB. genes are the decisive factors for people's body shapeC. identical twins are likely to enjoy different sportsD. identical twins may have different genes for different sports59. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by Craig Sharp as a required quality for asportsperson to win an Olympic gold medal?A. The physical strength.B. The right training conditions.C. The talent for the sports.D. The endurance for pains.60. Seventeen years ago Megan Still was chosen for rowing because____________.A. she had the talent for rowingB. her body shape was right for a rowerC. she had the performance genesD. she was a skillful rower61. The word "elite" in Paragraph 5 means ________ .A. the most wealthyB. the most skilledC. the most industriousD. the most intelligent62. The elite athletes of the future may come from people who naturally possess___________.A. the best body shapes and an iron purposeB. the extremes of the right physique and strong willsC. the right psychological conditions and sports talentsD. the right physique and genes for sportsPassage ThreeFor years, a network of citizens' groups and scientific bodies has been claiming thatscience of global warming is inconclusive. But who funded them?Exxon's involvement is well known. ExxonMobil is the world's most profitablecorporation. It makes most of its money from oil, and has more to lose than any othercompany from efforts to tackle climate change. To safeguard its profits, ExxonMobilneeds to sow doubt about whether serious action needs to be taken on climate change.But there are difficulties: it must confront a scientific consensus as strong as that whichmaintains that smoking causes lung cancer or that HIV causes Aids. So what's itsstrategy?The website , using data found in the company's official documents,lists 124 organizations that have taken money from the company or work closely withthose that have. These organizations take a consistent line on climate change: that thescience is contradictory, the scientists are split, environmentalists are liars or lunatics, andif governments took action to prevent global warming, they would be endangering theglobal economy for no good reason. The findings these organizations dislike are labeled"junk science". The findings they welcome are labeled "sound science".This is not to claim that all the science these groups champion is bogus. On thewhole, they use selection, not invention. They will find one contradictory study - such asthe discovery of tropospheric (对流层的) cooling - and promote it relentlessly. They willcontinue to do so long after it has been disproved by further work. So, for example, JohnChristy, the author of the troposphere paper, admitted in August 2005 that his figureswere incorrect, yet his initial findings are still being circulated and championed by manyof these groups, as a quick internet search will show you.While they have been most effective in the United States, the impacts of theclimate-change deniers sponsored by Exxon have been felt all over the world. Bydominating the media debate on climate change during seven or eight critical years inwhich urgent international talks should have been taking place, by constantly seedingdoubt about the science just as it should have been most persuasive, they have justifiedthe money their sponsors have spent on them many times over. 63. Which of the following has NOT been done by the organizations to establish theirposition on climate change'?A. Damaging the reputation of environmentalists.B. Emphasizing the lack of consensus among scientists.C. Stressing the unnecessary harm to tile global economy.D. Protecting the scientific discoveries from being misused.64. Which of the following is closest in meaning to "bogus' (in Paragraph 4)?A. Reasonable.B. Fake.C. Limitless.D. Inconsistent.65. John Christy is mentioned to show_______________.A. how closely these organizations work with scientistsB. how these organizations select scientific findings for theirownpurposeC. how important correct data are for scientists to make sound discoveriesD. how one man's mistake may set back the progress of science66. The organizations sponsored by Exxon ___________.A. have lived up to their promisesB. have almost caused worldwide chaosC. have failed to achieve their original goalD. have misunderstood the request of the sponsor67. The passage is mainly focused on____________.A. Exxon's involvement in scientific scandalsB. Exxon's contributions to the issue of climate changeC. Exxon's role in delaying solutions to global warmingD. Exxon's efforts to promote more scientific discoveries68. What is the author's tone in presenting the passage?A. Factual.B. Praiseful.C. Biased.D. Encouraging.Passage FourWhere anyone reaching the age of 60 was considered to be near death's door at theturn of the 20th century, it is barely old enough for retirement at the turn of the 21stcentury. And scientists are still not holding back. They say that as new anti-ageingtreatments become available, our species will get even older. While few would argue thatliving longer is an attractive idea, therapid increase in the number of years begs aquestion: Can our health expectancy be as close as possible to our life expectancy?Predictions for future health expectancy have changed over the past few decades. Inthe 1980s, life expectancy was increasing but the best data suggested that for everyincreased year of life expectancy, a greater fraction was disabled life expectancy. Whatwe would see was a piling up of chronic illness and related disability which medicalscience couldn't prevent.But that world view changed suddenly in the early 1990s with the publication of astudy by researchers at DukeUniversity, who had been following the health of 20,000people for almost a decade. They showed that disability among the elderly was not onlydropping, but it was doing so at an ever-increasing rate.Arian Richardson, director of the Barshop Institute for Ageing and Longevityresearch, predicts that understanding the mechanisms behind calorie restriction and othergenetic reasons behind ageing could be used within the next two decades to give peopleseveral extra healthy years of life. Restrict how much an animal eats, for example, and itwill live longer. In lab experiments, rats on calorie-restricted diets were found to bephysiologically younger, got diseases later in life and, at any rate, had less severe cases."From the models that have been looked at, the increase in lifespan is usually in the rangeof 15-30% maximum," says Richardson. Cutting calories is thought to trigger a switch inan animal's behaviour from normal to a state of stasis in which growth and ageing aretemporarily put on hold. When food becomes available again, the animal's behaviourswitches back.Richardson says that thinking about stopping ageing is a "little bit silly" at themoment but doesn't dismiss it altogether, arguing that none of the illnesses related toageing should be inevitable. Start with a high-quality body (and that means eating yourgreens, not smoking and doing lots of exercise in your younger days) and you can keep itgoing for longer with high quality maintenance. "It'll be like the difference between aRolls-Royce and a cheap car."69. It can be seen from the first paragraph that people have doubts on whether _____________.A. is possible to live a longer healthyandlifeB. humans can live as long as scientists predictC. living longer is still considered a good ideaD. new anti-ageing treatments are safe for humans70. In the 1980s, the data on people's health expectancy_______________.A. gave an optimistic predictionB. showed an unclear futureC. led to a pessimistic perceptionD. turned out to be a mixed blessing71. In the lab experiment on rats,_____________.A. food restriction is not the only factor proved to have workedB. responses to food restriction vary from animal to animalC. the animals' lifespan increases with the amount of food eatenD.different amounts of food cause a change in the animals' behavior72. Richardson believes that_________.A. it is impossible for humans to stop ageingB. it is worthless to talk about stopping ageingC. stopping ageing is a dream that may come trueD. illness is the biggest obstacle to stopping ageing73. Rolls-Royce is used to convey the idea that_______________.A. quality life is out of reach for most peopleB. quality life can slow down the process of agingC. how long one can live depends on the genes one carriesD. the more money one invests in health, the healthier one will be.74. The most suitable title for the passage is“___________”.A. Problems of An Ageing SocietyB. Health Care for the ElderlyC. Eating Healthier, Living LongerD.The Future of Old AgePassage FiveIn dealing with a student who is acting aggressively toward his classmates, you wantto send a strong message that aggressive behavior will not be tolerated in your classroom.In addition, you want to help him develop more appropriate ways of settling disputes withhis peers.If two elementary school students are engaged in a fight, use a strong loud voice tostop it. If that doesn't work, you might say something odd ("Look up! The ceiling isfalling!") to divert their attention. If they still don't stop and you can't separate them,send a student to the office to get help. If a crowd of children is gathering, insist that theymove away or sit down, perhaps clapping your hands to get their attention: After theincident is over, meet with the combatants together so they can give you their versions ofwhat happened and you can help them resolve any lingering problems. Also notify theparents.Speak in a firm, no-nonsense manner to stop a student's aggressive behavior: usephysical restraint as a last resort. When responding to the student, pay attention to yourverbal as well as non-verbal language. Even if he is yelling at you, stay calm. Allow himto express what he is upset about without interrupting him and then acknowledge hisfeelings. Avoid crossing your arms, pointing a finger or making threats: any of thoseactions could intensify his anger and stiffen his resistance.You might conclude that a student's aggressive behavior warrants separating himfrom the rest of the class, either to send him a strong message that what he did merits aserious consequence or to protect the other students. You can do that by giving him a timeout in class or by sending him to the office.Although he might expect you to react punitively, surprise him by reactingsupportively. Express your confidence that he can resolve problems without being hurtfulto his peers. Tell him that you think he must be upset about something to lose control ashe did and you want to understand what might be bothering him. If he does open up toyou, listen attentively without interrupting. Speaking m a calm voice, tell him that youunderstand why he was upset, but stress that he has to find a way to express his angerwith words rather than with his hands.You don't want to force an aggressive student to say he is sorry because that mightfuel his anger, however, you do want to strongly encourage him to make amends with thestudent he hit. If he is willing to do that, it will help soothe hurt feelings and avoid futureconflicts.75. What is the purpose of saying something odd when seeing students in a fight?A. To please the students.B. To surprise the students.C. To get the students' attention.D. To distract the students' attention.76. What is to be done about a student's aggressive behavior?A. Respond calmly but finny.B. Tell the student's parents immediately.C. Ask other students for help to stop the action.D. Have the student go to see the principal.77. What is NOT encouraged to do toward an aggressive student?A. Use physical restraint.B. Give the student a time out.C. Point at the student or make threats.D. Talk with the student privately.78. What does the word "'punitively" (in Paragraph 5) probably mean?A. Surprisingly.B. Depressingly.C. Involving persuasion.D. Involving punishment.79. What might be the last step to help all aggressive student?A. Encourage the student to be nice to the student he hit.B. Ask the student to promise he'll never do it again.C. Force the student to apologize for his behavior.D. Persuade the student to open up to you.80. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. Problems in Classrooms.B. Dealing with Student Aggression.C. Aggressive Behavior in Classrooms.D. Settling a Student Fight.PART V TRANSLATION (30 minutes, 20 points)Section A (15 minutes, 10 points)One of the unintended consequences of the flattening world is that it puts differentsocieties and cultures in much greater direct contact with one another. It connects peopleto people much faster than people and cultures can often prepare themselves. Somecultures thrive on the sudden opportunities for collaboration that this global intimacymakes possible. Others are frustrated, and even humiliated by this close contact, which,among other things, makes it easy for people to see where they stand in the world inrelation to everyone else. All of this helps to account for the emergence of one of themost devastating forces today - the suicide bombers and other terrorist organizationswhich have no regard for human lives and which it is in our best interest to wipe out.Section B (15 minutes, 10 points)该法案旨在对美国中小学进行教育改革并使所有儿童有机会得到高质量的教育。
太原理工大学《大学英语综合提升》2023-2024学年第一学期期末试卷
站名： 年级专业： 姓名： 学号：凡年级专业、姓名、学号错写、漏写或字迹不清者，成绩按零分记。
…………………………密………………………………封………………………………线…………………………太原理工大学《大学英语综合提升》2023-2024学年第一学期期末试卷1、It is broadcast on TV that the 88th Academy Award Ceremony was held in Dolby Theatre seats an audience of approximately 4, 000. A ．where B ．whoseC ．whichD ．when2、The scientist does not study nature ________ it is useful to do so. He studies it because he takes pleasure in it. A ．until B ．becauseC ．thoughD ．unless3、Our English teacher , having explained to us how to design a project, allowed us a whole week’s preparation and then ______the class. A ．to dismiss B ．dismissedC ．dismissingD ．having dismissed4、Father made a promise______________ I did well in the entrance exam, he would take me to Hong Kong in the summer vacation. A ．if that B ．ifC ．that ifD ．that5、________Wuhu with Shanghai, to be frank, and you'll find it's more convenient to live in the former. A ．To compareB ．ComparingC ．CompareD ．Compared6、Whenever you ________ a present, you should think about it from the receiver’s point of view.A ．boughtB ．have boughtC ．will buyD ．buy7、— Nancy, what classes are you taking this term?— _____ I want to take two English courses, or maybe Spanish. A ．What’s up? B ．It’s none of your business. C ．I’ve no idea. D ．I’m not sure yet.8、There are lots of examples of English idioms ________ animals are used. A ．which B ．whenC ．whoseD ．where9、Mr. Green was very famous when he lived there. There is ______ to be someone in this district who remembers him. A ．content B ．opposedC ．boundD ．restricted10、That’s why I help brighten people’s days. If you ________, who’s to say that another person will? A ．didn’tB ．don’tC ．weren’tD ．haven’t第二部分 阅读理解（满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
考博英语(完形填空)模拟试卷20(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（完形填空）模拟试卷20(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. ClozeClozeOne of the basic characteristics of capitalism is the private ownership of the major means of production—capital. The ownership of large amounts of capital can bring【1】profits, as well as economic and political power. Some recent theorists,【2】, have argued that our society has moved to a new stage of【3】that they call “postindustrial” society. One important change in such society is that the ownership of 【4】amounts of capital is no longer the only or even the most important【5】of profits and influence; knowledge as well as【6】capital brings profits and influence. There are many【7】with the thesis above, not the least of【8】is that wealthy capitalists can buy the experts and knowledge they need to keep their profits and influence. But this does not【9】the importance of knowledge in an advanced industrial society, as the 【10】of some new industries indicates.【11】, genetic engineering and the new computer technology have【12】many new firms and made some scientists quite rich. In【13】with criticism of the postindustrial society thesis, however, it must also be【14】that those already in control of huge amounts of capital(i. e. , major corporations)soon 【15】to take most profits in these industries based on new knowledge. Moving down from the level of wealth and power, we still find knowledge increasingly【16】. Many new high-tech jobs are being created at the upper-skill, low-paying service【17】. Something like a caste line is emerging centered around knowledge. Individuals who fall too far behind in the【18】of knowledge at a young age will find it almost impossible to catch up later, no matter how hard they try. Illiteracy in English language has been a severe【19】for many years in the United States, but we are also moving to the point when computer illiteracy will hinder many more people and【20】them to a life of low-skill and low-paid labor.1．【1】A．quantitativeB．extensiveC．comprehensiveD．sophisticated正确答案：B解析：B项“extensive广大的”符合文意，如：The school has extensive playingfields．(这个学校有宽阔的活动场地。
考博英语模拟试卷226(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语模拟试卷226(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Cloze 3. Reading Comprehension 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．He was a brilliant musician as a boy, but he never______his early promise.A．completedB．performedC．concludedD．fulfilled正确答案：D解析：本题测试动词与promise的搭配。
只有fulfill与promise搭配表示“实现诺言”。
知识模块：词汇2．Hydrogeology is the study of water and its properties, including its ______ and movement in and through land areas.A．flowB．absorptionC．distributionD．evaporation正确答案：C解析：本题空格处是说包括它的分布和运动。
C项distribution“分布”符合题意。
其他三项flow“流动”，absorption“吸收”，evaporation“蒸发”都不正确。
知识模块：词汇3．Because a circle has no beginning or end, the wedding ring is a symbol of______love.A．extravagantB．prominentC．prescientD．eternal正确答案：D解析：本题空格处是说结婚戒指是永恒爱情的象征。
D项eternal“永恒的”符合题意，如：Eternal life to the revolutionary martyrs!(革命先烈永垂不朽!)其他三项extravagant“奢侈的，浪费的”，prominent“卓越的，显著的”，prescient“预见的，先知的”都不正确。
考博英语模拟试卷63(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语模拟试卷63(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Reading Comprehension 2. Cloze 3. English-Chinese Translation 4. Chinese-English Translation 5. WritingReading ComprehensionAt no time in history has there been such a mass movement of people from countryside to city as is happening now. By the year 2030, it’ s estimated that more than two thirds of the word’s population will be living in cities, twice as many as today. This means that the problems faced by cities to day-overcrowding, poor housing, unemployment, poverty, and lack of food water--will be twice as had in the next century, unless we find solutions soon. Another serious issue is how to provide good transport to their citizens. Many world’s major cities are already struggling with out-of-date transport infrastructures. How can they deal with the additional demands in the 21stcentury? London is a good example. It was the world’ s first big city--the first with a population of a mil lion people. Its enlargement was made possible by the invention of the steam engine, which powered the world’s first underground railway. But its transport systems are now hopelessly out-of-date, and need urgent modernization. London’s future success depends very much on transport. Over a million people travel into central London every day from outside the city. They, and the people who live in London, want a public transport system that is fragment, safe and environmentally friendly. What they often get, however, falls far short of that ideal. Commuters complain about disorder, cost and pollution, while businesses worry about the problems their staff have in getting to work on time. Yet, the proportion of London households that own a car grew from just over 10 per cent in the early 1950s to over 60 percent today. As the city has become increasingly crowded and polluted, there has been a growing realization that action is needed.1．It is believed that ______.A．overpopulation causes the problems in citiesB．two-thirds of the world’ s population are living in cities todayC．it isn’ t difficult to solve the problems faced by cities todayD．with fewer people, we would be free from any problems正确答案：A解析：第一段提到2030年估计世界多于2/3的人口将会居住在城市，这意味着the problems faced by cities today．．．will be twice as had in the next century，unless we find solutions soon，可见是人口过度导致城市面临诸多问题。
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太原理工大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析No company likes to be told it is contributing to the moral declineof a nation.Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers?Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week.You havesold your souls,but must you corrupt our nation and threaten ourchildren as well?At Time Warner,however,such questions are simplythe latest manifestation of the soul-searching that has involved thecompany ever since the company was born in1990.It’s a Geng duo yuanxiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quanguo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huojia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi self-examination that has,at various times,involved issues of responsibility,creative freedomand the corporate bottom line.At the core of this debate is chairman Gerald Levin,56,who tookover for the late Steve Ross in1992.On the financial front,Levinis under pressure to raise the stock price and reduce the company’smountainous debt,which will increase to$17.3billion after two newcable deals close.He has promised to sell off some of the propertyand restructure the company,but investors are waiting impatiently.The flap over rap is not making life any easier for him.Levinhas consistently defended the company’s rap music on the grounds ofexpression.In1992,when Time Warner was under fire for releasingIce-T’s violent rap song Cop Killer,Levin described rap as lawfulexpression of street culture,which deserves an outlet.The test ofany democratic society,he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column,liesnot in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be.We won’t retreat in the face of any threats.Levin would not comment on the debate last week,but there were signs that the chairman was backing off his hard-line stand,at least to some extent.During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month’s stockholders’meeting.Levin asserted that music is not the cause of society’s ills and even cited his son,a teacher in the Bronx, New York,who uses rap to communicate with students.But he talked as well about the balanced struggle between creative freedom and social responsibility,and he announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standards for distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable music.The15-member Time Warner board is generally supportive of Levin and his corporate strategy.But insiders say several of them have shown their concerns in this matter. Some of us have known for many,many years that the freedoms under the First Amendment are not totally unlimited,says Luce.I think it is perhaps the case that some people associated with the company have only recently come to realize this.63.Senator Robert Dole criticized Time Warner for________.（A）its raising of the corporate stock price（B）its self-examination of soul（C）its neglect of social responsibility（D）its emphasis on creative freedom64.According to the passage,which of the following is TRUE?（A）Luce is a spokesman of Time Warner.（B）Gerald Levin is liable to compromise.（C）Time Warner is united as one in the face of the debate.（D）Steve Ross is no longer alive.65.In face of the recent attacks on the company,the chairman ________.（A）stuck to a strong stand to defend freedom of expression （B）softened his tone and adopted some new policy（C）changed his attitude and yielded to objection（D）received more support from the15-member board66.The best title for this passage could be________.（A）A Company under Fire（B）A Debate on Moral Decline（C）A Lawful Outlet of Street Culture（D）A Form of Creative Freedom答案及试题解析63.（C）意为：它对社会责任的忽视。
第一段指出，没有哪个公司喜欢别人说它导致了全国道德败坏，多尔参议员所指责时代华纳公司的正是这一点。
他说：难道这就是你们的经营目标吗，你们出卖了自己的灵魂，难道你们也想毁了国家、危及我们的孩子吗？另从第三、四段来看，这里多尔所指责的正是该公司用它的音乐作品带来的社会影响，多尔认为这些音乐作品对社会和青少年有不良影响。
A意为：它将公司股价提高。
从多尔所说的话来看，他关心的不是该公司的经济状况。
B意为：它对灵魂的自我检验。
第一段第三句指出，对时代沃纳公司来说，多尔所质疑的问题只不过是公司自创立以来一直进行的自我反省的最新表述，在公司发展的不同阶段，这一自我反省涉及（社会）责任、创作自由、公司利润（bottom line）。
换言之，在公司的发展过程中，社会责任、创作自由、公司能否赚钱这三者之间的矛盾一直困扰着公司。
根据公司董事长列文的话（见第三段），公司把创作自由放在了发展的首位。
这造成了它对作品的社会影响的忽视，所以，后来列文改变态度以后，承认应该在创作自由和社会责任上寻找一个平衡点（见第四段）。
可见，多尔参议员所指责的正是公司的所作所为带来的不良社会影响，这样他就击中了要害。
D意为：它对创作自由的强调。
见上文分析。
64.（D）回答这一问题主要涉及对第二段第一句中late的理解。
除其他意思外，该词有前，已故的等意思。
一般来讲，该词加在人名或称呼前时译作已故的、如：the late Mr.Green已故格林先生，her late husband她的前夫（已故），若加在头衔前，则要据情况而译，如：the late president前总统（也可能已故，也可能仅指刚刚卸职）。