福建省福州市八县(市)2022-2023学年高二下学期期末联考英语试卷(不含音频)
福建省福州市四校联盟2022-2023学年高二上学期期末联考数学试题(含答案解析)
福建省福州市四校联盟（永泰城关中学、连江文笔中学、长乐高级中学、元洪中学）2022-2023学年高二上学期期末联考数学试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单选题1．渐近线方程为0x y ±=的双曲线的离心率是A ．2B ．1CD ．22．直线() 2140x m y +++=与直线 320mx y +-=平行，则m =A ．2B ．2或3-C ．3-D ．2-或3-3．如图所示，在平行六面体1111ABCD A B C D -中，M 为11A C 与11B D 的交点.若AB a=，AD b = ，1AA c = ，则下列向量中与BM相等的向量是（）A ．1122-++ a b cB ．1122a b c++C ．1122a b c--+ D ．1122a b c-+ 4．已知数列{}n a 为等差数列，n S 为其前n 项和，5632a a a +=+，则7S =（）A ．2B ．7C ．14D ．285．已知抛物线22(0)y px p =>上横坐标为4的点到此抛物线焦点的距离为9，则该抛物线的焦点到准线的距离为（）A ．4B ．9C ．10D ．186．已知点(1,3)A ，(2,1)B --.若直线:(2)1l y k x =-+与线段AB 恒相交，则k 的取值范围是（）A ．1,2⎡⎫+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭B ．(,2]-∞-C ．1(,2],2⎡⎫-∞-⋃+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭D ．12,2⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦7．已知椭圆C ：22x a ＋22y b＝1(a ＞b ＞0)的右焦点为F ，过点F 作圆222x y b +=的切线，若两条切线互相垂直，则椭圆C 的离心率为（）A ．12B．2C．3D．38．意大利数学家列昂那多斐波那契以兔子繁殖为例，引入“兔子数列”：1，1，2，3，5，8，13，21，34，55，⋅⋅⋅，即()()121F F ==，()()*1(2)(3,)F n F n F n n n =-+-≥∈N ，此数列在现代物理“准晶体结构”、化学等领域都有着广泛的应用.若此数列被2整除后的余数构成一个新数列{}n a ，则数列{}n a 的前2020项的和为（）A ．1346B ．673C ．1347D ．1348二、多选题9．以下能判定空间四点P 、M 、A 、B 共面的条件是（）A ．23MP MA MB=+ B ．111236OP OA OB OM=++ C ．0PM AB ⋅=uuu r uu u r D ．PM AB10．已知曲线22:1C mx ny +=，（）A ．若0m n >>，则CB ．若0m n >>，则CC ．若0mn <，则C 是双曲线D ．若0mn >，则C 是椭圆11．已知圆22:20C x y x +-=，点A 是直线3y kx =-上任意一点，若以A 为圆心，半径为1的圆A 与圆C 没有公共点，则整数k 的值可能为（）A ．1-B ．0C ．1D ．212．设等比数列{an }的公比为q ，其前n 项和为Sn ，前n 项积为Tn ，并且满足条件a 1>1，a 7a 8>1，7811a a --<0.则下列结论正确的是（）A ．0<q <1B ．a 7a 9<1C ．Tn 的最大值为T 7D ．Sn 的最大值为S 7三、填空题13．已知空间向量(1,2,3)a =- ，(2,2,1)b = ，则向量a 在向量b上的投影向量是_____________.14．数列{}n a 中，11a =，132(2)n n a a n -=+≥，则此数列的通项公式n a =_________.15．已知双曲线22:13y C x -=的左焦点为1F ，顶点(0,Q ，P 是双曲线C 右支上的动点，则1PF PQ +的最小值等于__________.16．定义：两条异面直线之间的距离是指其中一条直线上任意一点到另一条直线距离的最小值.在棱长为1的正方体1111ABCD A B C D -中，直线1AD 与11A C 之间的距离是__________.四、解答题17．已知数列{}n a 满足11a =，*12,n n a a n +=∈N ，数列{}n b 等差数列，且12b a =，3234b a a a =++.(1)求数列{}n a ，{}n b 的通项公式；(2)设n n n c a b =-，求数列{}n c 的前n 项和n S .18．已知空间三点()()()202112304,,，,,，,,A B C ---，设a AB = ，b AC = ．(1)若3c = ，BC c ∥，求c.(2)求a 与b的夹角的余弦值;(3)若ka b + 与2ka b -互相垂直，求k ．19．如图，在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，点()2,0,120A OAB ABC ∠=∠=︒，2AB =.(1)求直线BC 的方程；(2)求OAB 的外接圆M 的方程.20．如图，已知多面体111111,,,ABC A B C A A B B C C -均垂直于平面111,120,4,1,2ABC ABC A A C C AB BC B B ∠=︒=====．（Ⅰ）求证：1AB ⊥平面111A B C ；（Ⅱ）求直线1AC 与平面1ABB 所成角的正弦值．21．已知数列{}n a 的各项均为正数，其前n 项和为n S ，且满足2221n n n S a a =+-，*n ∈N .(1)证明：数列{}n a 是等差数列；(2)若数列{}n b 满足12nn n a b -=，记12n n T b b b =+++ ，证明：3n T <.22．已知椭圆22221(0)x y C a b a b +=>>：的左顶点为(20)M -，，离心率为2．(1)求椭圆C 的方程；(2)过点(10)N ，的直线l 交椭圆C 于A ，B 两点，当MA MB取得最大值时，求MAB △的面积．参考答案：1．C【解析】本题根据双曲线的渐近线方程可求得a b =，进一步可得离心率.容易题，注重了双曲线基础知识、基本计算能力的考查.【详解】根据渐近线方程为x ±y ＝0的双曲线，可得a b =，所以c =则该双曲线的离心率为e ca==，故选C ．【点睛】理解概念，准确计算，是解答此类问题的基本要求.部分考生易出现理解性错误.2．B【分析】两直线平行，斜率相等；按10m +=，0m =和10,0m m +≠≠三类求解.【详解】当10m +=即1m =-时，两直线为240x +=，320x y -+-=，两直线不平行，不符合题意；当0m =时，两直线为240x y ++=，320y -=两直线不平行，不符合题意；当10,0m m +≠≠即1,0m m ≠-≠时，直线2(1)40x m y +++=的斜率为21m -+，直线320mx y +-=的斜率为3m -，因为两直线平行，所以213mm -=-+，解得2m =或3-，故选B.【点睛】本题考查直线平行的斜率关系，注意斜率不存在和斜率为零的情况.3．A【分析】根据题意结合空间向量的线性运算求解.【详解】由题意可得：()111111111111112222BM BB B M BB B D BB A D A B a b c =+=+=+-=-++uuu r uuu r uuuu r uuu r uuuu r uuu r uuuu r uuu u r r r r，根据空间向量基本定理可知：只有1122-++ a b c 与BM相等.故选：A.4．C【分析】由等差数列的性质与前n 项和公式求解，【详解】由题意得4536a a a a +=+，则42a =，而17747()7142a a S a +===，故选：C 5．C【分析】根据题意结合抛物线的定义可得10p =，即可得结果.【详解】由题意可得：22(0)y px p =>的焦点坐标为,02p F ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭，准线为2p x =-，设抛物线22(0)y px p =>上横坐标为4的点为()04,A y ，则492pAF =+=，解得10p =，故该抛物线的焦点到准线的距离为10p =.故选：C.6．D【分析】由题意，求直线所过的定点，作图，根据斜率的变化规律，可得答案.【详解】由直线方程()21y k x =-+，令=2x ，解得=1y ，故直线过定点()2,1，如下图：则直线PA 的斜率13221PA k -==--，直线PB 的斜率111222PB k +==+，由图可知：12,2k ⎡⎤∈-⎢⎥⎣⎦.故选：D.7．D【分析】由题意画出图形，可得222b b c +=，再由222a b c =+结合离心率公式求解．【详解】如图，由题意可得，222b b c +=，即()2222a c c -=，则2223a c =，∴2223c a =，即3c e a ==．故选：D ．8．C【分析】由已知条件写出数列{}n a 的前若干项，观察发现此数列周期为3，从而可求得答案.【详解】由题意可得：若0n a =，等价于()F n 为偶数，若1n a =，等价于()F n 为奇数，则1234561,1,0,1,1,0,a a a a a a ======⋅⋅⋅，猜想：*1,321,31,0,3n n k a n k k n k =-⎧⎪==-∈⎨⎪=⎩N ，当1k =时，1231,1,0a a a ===成立；假设当()*1k m m =≥∈N 时，323131,1,0m m m a a a --===成立，则()()32,31F m F m --为奇数，()3F m 为偶数；当1k m =+时，则()()()31313F m F m F m +=-+为奇数，()()()32331F m F m F m +=++为奇数，()()()333132F m F m F m +=+++为偶数，故3132331,1,0m m m a a a +++===符合猜想；得证*1,321,31,0,3n n k a n k k n k =-⎧⎪==-∈⎨⎪=⎩N ，则连续三项之和为2，故数列{}n a 的前2020项的和为()1232020167321347a a a a +++⋅⋅⋅+=+⨯=.故选：C.【点睛】方法点睛：本题主要考查数列的周期性以及应用，考查了递推关系求数列各项的和，利用递推关系求数列中的项或求数列的和：（1）项的序号较小时，逐步递推求出即可；（2）项的序数较大时，考虑证明数列是等差、等比数列，或者是周期数列.9．ABD【分析】根据空间向量的相关概念结合四点共面的结论逐项分析判断.【详解】对A ：若23MP MA MB =+，结合向量基本定理知：,,MP MA MB uuu r uuu r uuu r 为共面向量，故四点P 、M 、A 、B 共面，A 正确；对B ：若111236OP OA OB OM =++ ，且1111236++=，结合向量共面的性质知：四点P 、M 、A 、B 共面，B 正确；对C ：若0PM AB ⋅=uuu r uu u r，则PM AB ⊥，可知直线,PM AB 的位置关系：异面或相交，故四点P 、M 、A 、B 不一定共面，C 错误；对D ：若PM AB，可知直线,PM AB 的位置关系：平行或重合，故四点P 、M 、A 、B 共面，D 正确；故选：ABD.10．AC【分析】根据题意结合椭圆、双曲线的方程与性质逐项分析判断.【详解】对A 、B ：若0m n >>，则110m n<<，由于221mx ny +=，即22111x y m n+=，表示焦点在y 轴的椭圆，则2211,a b n m ==，可得c e a =故A 正确，B 错误；对C ：若0mn <，即,m n 异号，则11,m n异号，当110,0m n><故221mx ny +=，即22111x y m n-=-表示焦点在x 轴上的双曲线；当110,0m n<>故221mx ny +=，即22111y x n m-=-表示焦点在y 轴上的双曲线，综上所述：若0mn <，则C 是双曲线，C 正确；对D ：若0mn >，曲线C 不一定是椭圆，例如0m n =>，曲线C 是圆，D 错误；故选：AC.11．AB【分析】由题意可得圆心()1,0C 到直线3y kx =-的距离大于2，利用点到直线的距离公式求得k 的范围，可得结论.【详解】圆22:20C x y x +-=即()2211x y -+=，则圆心为()1,0C ，半径1r =，依题意圆心()1,0C 到直线3y kx =-的距离大于22>，解得3333k ---+<<，又Z k ∈，所以2k =-或1-或0.故选：AB 12．ABC【分析】依题意可得a 1>1，0<q <1，进而可得结果.【详解】∵a 1>1，a 7·a 8>1，7811a a --<0，∴a 7>1，0<a 8<1，∴0<q <1，故A 正确；27981a a a =<，故B 正确；因为a 7>1，0<a 8<1，所以T 7是Tn 中的最大项，故C 正确；因为a 1>1，0<q <1，所以Sn 无最大值，故D 错误.故选：ABC.13．221,,999⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭【分析】根据投影向量的计算公式，代值计算即可.【详解】由题意可得：()1222311,3a b b ⋅=⨯+-⨯+⨯===r r r ，则向量a 在向量b上的投影向量是()21221cos ,,,9999b a b b a b a a ba b b b a b b b ⎛⎫⎛⎫⋅⋅⎛⎫⎪ =⨯=== ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎪⨯ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭r r rr r r r r r r rr r r r r r .故答案为：221,,999⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭.14．1231n -⨯-【分析】依题意可得()1131n n a a -+=+，即可得到{}1n a +是以2为首项，3为公比的等比数列，从而求出数列的通项公式.【详解】因为132(2)n n a a n -=+≥，所以()1131n n a a -+=+，又11a =，所以112a +=，所以{}1n a +是以2为首项，3为公比的等比数列，所以1123n n a -+=⨯，则1231n n a -=⨯-.故答案为：1231n -⨯-15．6【分析】利用双曲线的性质，得到122PF PF =+，代入所求式子，结合两点距离直线最短原理，计算最小值，即可．【详解】结合题意，绘制图像：根据双曲线的性质可知1222PF PF a -==，得到122PF PF =+，所以12222PF PQ PF PQ QF +=++≥+，而(()20,,2,0Q F ，所以24QF =，所以最小值为6.【点睛】本道题考查了双曲线的性质，考查了两点距离公式，难度中等．16【分析】建系，求利用空间向量设点,M N ，根据题意结合空间中的两点间距离公式运算求解.【详解】如图，以D 为坐标原点建立空间直角坐标系，则()()()()1111,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,1,1A D A C ，可得()()1111,0,1,1,1,0=AD AC -=-uuu r uuu u r ，设()()1111000111,,,,,,,AM AD A N A C M x y z N x y z λμ==uuu r uuu r uuu r uuu u r ，则()001,0,=AM x z -uuu r ，可得00010x y z λλ-=-⎧⎪=⎨⎪=⎩，即00010x y z λλ=-⎧⎪=⎨⎪=⎩，故()1,0,M λλ-，同理可得：()1,,1N μμ-，则MN =，当且仅当2λμ=时，等号成立，3，当且仅当23λ=时，等号成立，故MN ≥，当且仅当223λμ==，即111121,33AM AD A N A C ==uuu r uuu r uuu r uuu u r 时等号成立，即直线1AD 与11A C【点睛】方法点睛：利用空间直角坐标系处理问题的基本步骤：（1）建立适合的坐标系并标点；（2）将图形关系转化为数量关系；（3）代入相应的公式分析运算.17．(1)12n n a -=，64n b n =-(2)2231=-+-n n S n n 【分析】（1）根据等比数列的定义，直接写出n a ，由等差数列的基本量运算，结合已知条件，求得1,b d ，即可求得n b ；（2）利用分组求和法，结合等差数列和等比数列的前n 项和公式，直接求解即可.【详解】（1）由题意可知：数列{}n a 是以首项为11a =，公比2q =的等比数列，故11122n n n a --=⨯=，等差数列{}n b 的公差为d ，则12312342214b a b b d a a a ==⎧⎨=+=++=⎩，解得126b d =⎧⎨=⎩，故()26164n n b n =+-=-.（2）由题意可得：()()()121122n n n n c c c a b a b a S b =++⋅⋅⋅+=-+-+⋅⋅⋅+-()()()()112121222864n n n a a a b b b n -=++⋅⋅⋅+-++⋅⋅⋅+=++⋅⋅⋅+-++⋅⋅⋅+-()226412231122n n n n n n +--=-=-+--，故2231=-+-n n S n n 18．(1)()2,1,2c =-- 或()2,1,2c =-(2)10(3)2k =或52k =-．【分析】对于（1），设出向量c的坐标，由模的公式和向量共线的坐标表示可得答案.对于（2），利用向量的坐标公式和向量的夹角公式即可得答案.对于（3），运用向量垂直的条件：数量积为0，结合向量的平方即为模的平方可得答案.【详解】（1）因()2,1,2BC =-- ，且BC c ∥，则可设()22,,c λλλ=-- .又3c =33λ==，得1λ=±.故()2,1,2c =-- 或()2,1,2c =-.（2）由题可得()1,1,0a AB == ，()1,0,2b AC ==- .则10cos ,a ba b a b⋅===⋅.（3）由（2）得a = ，b = 1a b ⋅=- .又ka b + 与2ka b -互相垂直，则()()02ka ka b b -+⋅= 22220k a ka b b ⇔-⋅-= 22220k aka b b⇔-⋅-= 22100k k ⇔+-=.解得：2k =或52k =-19．0y +-=(2)()(2214x y -+-=【分析】（1）根据题意求点,B N 的坐标，根据直线的点斜式方程运算求解；（2）设OAB 的外接圆的一般式方程，代入点,,O A B ，解出,,D E F ，即可得结果.【详解】（1）过点B 作BM x ⊥轴，垂足为M ，由题意可得：60BAM ∠=︒，则cos 1,sin AM AB BAM BM AB BAM=∠==∠故点(B ，延长CB 交x 轴于点N ，由题意可得：60ABN ∠=︒，则ABN 为等边三角形，可得2AN AB ==，即点()4,0N ，则直线BC的斜率034k==-所以直线BC 的方程为)4y x =-0y +-=.（2）由（1）可得：()()(0,0,2,0,O A B ，设OAB 的外接圆M 的方程为220x y Dx Ey F ++++=，则04201230F D F D F ⎧=⎪++=⎨⎪+++=⎩，解得20D E F =-⎧⎪=-⎨⎪=⎩，故OAB 的外接圆M的方程为2220x y x +--=，即()(2214x y -+-=.20．（Ⅰ）证明见解析；（Ⅱ【分析】（Ⅰ）方法一：通过计算，根据勾股定理得111111,AB A B AB B C ⊥⊥,再根据线面垂直的判定定理得结论；（Ⅱ）方法一：找出直线AC 1与平面ABB 1所成的角，再在直角三角形中求解即可.【详解】（Ⅰ）［方法一］：几何法由11112,4,2,,AB AA BB AA AB BB AB ===⊥⊥得111AB A B ==所以2221111A B AB AA +=，即有111AB A B ⊥.由2BC =，112,1,BB CC ==11,BB BC CC BC ⊥⊥得11B C =，由2,120AB BC ABC ==∠=︒得AC =由1CC AC ⊥，得1AC =2221111AB B C AC +=，即有111AB B C ⊥，又11111A B B C B = ，因此1AB ⊥平面111A B C .［方法二］：向量法如图，以AC 的中点O 为原点，分别以射线OB ，OC 为x ，y 轴的正半轴，建立空间直角坐标系O -xyz .由题意知各点坐标如下：()()()()()1110,,1,0,0,0,,1,0,2,0,,A B A B C -因此111112),(1,2),(0,23)AB A B AC ==-= ,由1110AB A B ⋅= 得111AB A B ⊥；由1110AB AC ⋅=得111AB A C ⊥，所以1AB ⊥平面111A B C .（Ⅱ）［方法一］：定义法如图，过点1C 作111C D A B ⊥，交直线11A B 于点D ，连结AD.由1AB ⊥平面111A B C 得平面111A B C ⊥平面1ABB ，由111C D A B ⊥得1C D ⊥平面1ABB ，所以1C AD ∠是1AC 与平面1ABB 所成的角.由111111B C A B A C ==得111111cos C A B C A B ∠=∠=，所以1C D =，故111sin 13C D C AD AC ∠==.因此，直线1AC 与平面1ABB所成的角的正弦值是13.［方法二］：向量法设直线1AC 与平面1ABB 所成的角为θ.由(I)可知11(0,(1,(0,0,2)AC AB BB ===,设平面1ABB 的法向量(,,)n x y z =.由100n AB n BB ⎧⋅=⎪⎨⋅=⎪⎩即020x z ⎧+=⎪⎨=⎪⎩，可取(n =，所以111sin cos ,||AC n AC n AC n θ⋅===⋅ .因此，直线1AC 与平面1ABB［方法三］：【最优解】定义法+等积法设直线1AC 与平面1ABB 所成角为θ，点1C 到平面1ABB 距离为d （下同）．因为1C C ∥平面1ABB ，所以点C 到平面1ABB 的距离等于点1C 到平面1ABB 的距离．由条件易得，点C 到平面1ABB 的距离等于点C 到直线AB 的距离，而点C 到直线ABd =1sin d AC θ===．［方法四］：定义法+等积法设直线1AC 与平面1ABB 所成的角为θ，由条件易得111111A B B C A C ===2221111111111111cos 2A B B C AC A B C A B B C +-∠==⋅111sin A B C ∠=于是得11111111111sin 2A B C S A B B C A B C =⋅⋅∠=△，易得114AA B S =△．由111111C AA B A A B C V V --=得1111111133AA B A B C S d S AB ⋅=⋅△△，解得d =故1sin d AC θ===［方法五］：三正弦定理的应用设直线1AC 与平面1ABB 所成的角为θ，易知二面角11C AA B --的平面角为6BAC π∠=，易得11sinC AA ∠=，所以由三正弦定理得111sin sin sin213C AA BAC θ=∠⋅∠=．［方法六］：三余弦定理的应用设直线1AC 与平面1ABB 所成的角为θ，如图2，过点C 作CG AB ⊥，垂足为G ，易得CG ⊥平面1ABB ，所以CG可看作平面1ABB 的一个法向量．结合三余弦定理得11sin cos ,cos cos AC CG C AC GCA θ=〈=∠⋅∠=〉 ．［方法七］：转化法＋定义法如图3，延长线段1A A 至E ，使得1AE C C =．联结CE ，易得1EC AC ∥，所以1AC 与平面1ABB 所成角等于直线EC 与平面1ABB 所成角．过点C 作CG AB ⊥，垂足为G ，联结GE ，易得CG ⊥平面1ABB ，因此EG 为EC 在平面1ABB 上的射影，所以CEG ∠为直线EC 与平面1ABB 所成的角．易得CE =，CG =sin13CG CEG CE ∠=．［方法八］：定义法＋等积法如图4，延长11,A B AB 交于点E ，易知2BE =，又2AB BC ==，所以AC CE ⊥，故CE ⊥面11AAC C ．设点1C 到平面1ABB 的距离为h ，由1111E AA C C AA E V V --=得1111113232AA AE h AA AC CE ⨯⋅⋅=⨯⋅⋅，解得h =又1AC =，设直线1AC 与平面1ABB 所成角为θ，所以sin13θ==．【整体点评】（Ⅰ）方法一：通过线面垂直的判定定理证出，是该题的通性通法；方法二：通过建系，根据数量积为零，证出；（Ⅱ）方法一：根据线面角的定义以及几何法求线面角的步骤，“一作二证三计算”解出；方法二：根据线面角的向量公式求出；方法三：根据线面角的定义以及计算公式，由等积法求出点面距，即可求出，该法是本题的最优解；方法四：基本解题思想同方法三，只是求点面距的方式不同；方法五：直接利用三正弦定理求出；方法六：直接利用三余弦定理求出；方法七：通过直线平移，利用等价转化思想和线面角的定义解出；方法八：通过等价转化以及线面角的定义，计算公式，由等积法求出点面距，即求出．21．(1)证明见解析(2)证明见解析【分析】（1）利用n a 与n S 的关系，即可证明{}n a 是等差数列（2）利用错位相减法求得n T ，可以证明3n T <【详解】（1））当1n =时，2111221S a a =+-，得11a =，当2n ≥时，2111221n n n S a a ---=+-，又2221n n n S a a =+-，两式相减得，2211222n n n n n a a a a a --=-+-，整理得221122n n n n a a a a --+=-，∵10n n a a -+≠，∴112n n a a --=，∴数列{}n a 是首项为1，公差为12的等差数列.（2）由（Ⅰ）可知，数列{}n a 的通项公式为12n n a +=，故1122n n n na nb -+==，∴2231222n n n T +=+++ ①，23112312222n n n T ++=+++ ②，①－②得，231111111111111122222222n n n n n n n T +-+++⎛⎫=++++-=+-- ⎪⎝⎭ ，故111333222n n n nn n T -++=--=-，∴3n T <.【点睛】.22．（1）22:142x y C +=；（2）2【分析】(1)由左顶点M 坐标可得a=2，再由ce a=可得c ，进而求得椭圆方程．(2)设l 的直线方程为1x ty =+，和椭圆方程联立221142x ty x y =+⎧⎪⎨+=⎪⎩，可得22(2)230t y ty ++-=，由于0∆>，可用t 表示出两个交点的纵坐标12y y +和12y y ⋅，进而得到MA MB的关于t 的一元二次方程，得到MA MB取最大值时t 的值，求出直线方程，而后计算出MAB △的面积．【详解】(1)由题意可得：2a =，2c a =，得c =2222b a c =-=.所以椭圆C 的方程:22:142x y C +=(2)当直线l 与x 轴重合，不妨取(2,0),(2,0)A B -，此时0MA MB =当直线l 与x 轴不重合，设直线l 的方程为：1x ty =+,设1122(,),(,)A x y B x y ，联立221142x ty x y =+⎧⎪⎨+=⎪⎩得22(2)230t y ty ++-=，显然0∆>，12222t y y t -+=+，21232y y t -⋅=+.所以1212(2)(2)MA MB x x y y =+++1212(3)(3)ty ty y y =+++21212(1)3()9t y y t y y =++++22232(1)3922tt t t t --=+++++22233692t t t ---=++229392t t --=++2152t =+当0=t 时，MA MB 取最大值152.此时直线l 方程为1x =，不妨取(1,A B，所以AB =又3MN =,所以MAB ∆的面积132S =【点睛】本题考查椭圆的基本性质，运用了设而不求的思想，将向量和圆锥曲线结合起来，是典型考题．。
福建省福州市八县(市、区)一中2022-2023学年高一上学期11月期中英语试题
福建省福州市八县（市、区）一中2022-2023学年高一上学期11月期中英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解All parents know exercise is important for children: It can lower heart risks, control weight and help kids do better in school. Scientists have also proved that outdoor activities at an early age can help children form healthy habits for life. But don’t expect kids to understand about those things. Some kids just aren’t into exercise, but that shouldn’t mean they have to be attracted to the TV. So parents could do something to help inactive kids fall in love with physical activity.If parents sit in front of the TV every night, kids aren’t likely to respect restrictions (限制) you set on their screen time either. So check your own behavior and serve as a role model by putting physical activity into your everyday life. Walk instead of driving if possible. Regularly join in activities that you enjoy and let your kids see how much you enjoy them. In this way, they may “do as the Romans do”. Make sure that children’s fitness is included in the family plans as well as school, work and shopping. Then you and your children are more likely to stick to an exercise plan. And your children will begin to expect that Sunday morning usually means a hike ride, and on a couple of nights after dinner the family takes a light walk through the neighborhood.Children who aren’t naturally good at physical activity may be worried about their lack of physical skills and even fear public failure. They need all the support and encouragement from parents. Negative comments don’t work and will only make them feel bad. Remember, fix on the effort — choosing to be active or trying to improve a skill — rather than the result. 1．What’s the second paragraph mainly about ?A．How parents can lead children to exercise.B．Why children should enjoy exercise. C．What activity parents can join in.D．When parents can watch TV. 2．Which is not helpful for children to enjoy physical activity ?A．Good examples set by parents for children.B．A family routine of exercise. C．Support and encouragement from parents.D．Negative comments from parents. 3．What does the text tell us ?A．It is the result that always comes first.B．Kids can choose either exercise or the TV.C．Exercise is necessary for healthy development.D．Children having few physical skills should be punished.4．How can we describe the author’s attitude to children’s enjoying exercise? A．Doubtful.B．Supportive.C．Opposed.D．Unconcerned. 5．From which is the text probably taken ?A．An advertisement.B．A news report.C．A magazine.D．A science book.A 17-year-old pilot has become the youngest person to fly alone around the world. Mack Rutherford, who holds British and Belgian citizenship, completed his trip Wednesday. He landed his small plane in Bulgaria’s capital, Sofia. That is also where he started his trip five months ago. Rutherford, who turned 17 during his trip, broke the Guinness World Record for youngest male to fly around the world. That record had been held by Travis Ludlow of Britain. Ludlow was 18 when he made his flight around the world last year.Rutherford also became the youngest person to fly around the world in an ultralight (超轻型的) plane. His sister, Zara, finished her own around-the-world flight in January at age 19. Until Wednesday, she held the ultralight record. Zara also set the record as the youngest woman to fly alone around the world. His trip, which began March 23, took Rutherford through 52 countries across five continents. To set a mark recognized by the Guinness World Records, he crossed the equator (赤道) twice.Rutherford was born into a family of flyers. He earned his pilot’s license in 2020, becoming the youngest pilot in the world at the age of 15. His trip around the world started in Sofia on a plane owned by the internet company ICD Soft. The ultralight plane, called Shark, can travel at the speed of 300 kilometers per hour. Normally a two-seater, the plane was changed for his long trip by replacing the second seat with an extra fuel container.Rutherford first planned to make the trip in three months. But it lasted longer because of several barriers, including rainstorms, sandstorms and extreme heat. Most of the delays were caused by waits to get permits and other documents required for keeping with the flight plan. The flight took him through Africa and the Gulf area to India, China, South Korea, and Japan. He crossed the northern Pacific and landed after 10 straight hours in the air on a volcanic island near the Bering Strait. From there, he headed to Alaska and down the West Coast of the United States to Mexico. Then he headed north again along the U.S. East Coast to Canada,and across the Atlantic Ocean to Europe.On Wednesday, a huge crowd of people welcomed Rutherford and celebrated his achievements. His father, Sam Rutherford, said he was extremely happy and proud of his children’s achievements. He told reporters that such an event helps show other children they should follow their dreams.His sister, Zara, said she kept in close touch with her younger brother during his flight. “While he was flying, I constantly tried to keep in touch and help him,” she said. “Our parents called him every day, and I joined in those conversations. I gave him advice on the route, on the flight, so that I could be useful to him.”6．How old was Mack Rutherford when he started his trip?A．16 years old.B．17 years old.C．18 years old.D．19 years old. 7．For what purpose was the plane changed before the flight?A．A faster speed.B．A lighter weight.C．A longer flying time.D．An extra seat. 8．Which is not the reason why Mack Rutherford couldn’t complete his flight in expected period?A．The permits from some countries.B．Some documents required for keeping with the flight plan.C．The extreme weather conditions.D．The shortage of fuel.9．Which is the right order of continents for Mack Rutherford to get through during his flight? A．Africa, Asia, South America, North America, Europe.B．Europe, Africa, Asia, North America, South America.C．Europe, Africa, Asia, South America, North America.D．Europe, Asia, North America, South America, Africa.10．What does the underlined word “documents” mean?A．A personal flight ticket that allows a trip.B．An official paper that gives information about something.C．A commercial letter about a business activity.D．A legal license for a pilot.Do you get nervous thinking about a coming math test? If yes, you are far from alone. Math anxiety has become a common condition among students around the world. Students incountries with higher levels of math anxiety tend to achieve lower math grades, according to a study published by the National Academy of Sciences on Feb 15.Math anxiety — a negative emotional reaction to the core subject — causes fear, physical suffering and behavior problems among young pupils, according to a University of Cambridge study. Some people also experience physical symptoms such as sweaty palms or a racing heart. They may then try to avoid every situation involving numbers, meaning they are held back from pursuing careers related to this subject, such as technology or engineering, according to The Guardian.Relief comes from the fact that those with math anxiety aren’t destined (注定的) to be bad at math. “If a child has math anxiety, don’t assume that they’re not good at math. They may have had a really bad experience with math and there are ways to improve math achievement,” Daniel Ansari, the senior author of the study told The London Free Press.Also, there are ways to manage your stress related to math. If you’re feeling stressed before a math exam, it may help to spend a few minutes exploring those feelings before the exam begins. “It’s about making sure you’re interpreting your feelings correctly,” Sian Beilock, a cognitive (认知的) scientist told the BBC．“Just because you have a fast heartbeat and sweaty palms, that does not necessarily mean you will fail.”Math doesn’t come easy, no matter how clever you are. Leonardo da Vinci, the famous Italian artist, was a huge fan of mathematics. But his notebooks show that Da Vinci couldn’t do fractions (分数). He could never grasp, for instance, that dividing a number by one-quarter is the same as multiplying by four, resulting in a higher number than the original.11．What do we know about math anxiety?A．It can cause unpleasant symptoms both mentally and physically.B．It is most commonly seen among teenagers.C．People who are good at math don’t experience math anxiety.D．Math anxiety leads to people struggling in their career.12．What does Daniel Ansari’s study imply?A．Math anxiety may contribute to better grades.B．Students with math anxiety may have higher cognitive abilities.C．Bad experience with math can cause cognitive disadvantages.D．Math anxiety does not reflect the ability to solve math problems.13．How should you deal with the stress related to math according to the article?A．Practice more before you take math exams.B．Learn to understand your feelings.C．Ask cognitive experts for help.D．Take all nervous energy as a challenge.14．Why is Leonardo da Vinci’s story mentioned?A．To suggest a way to solve math anxiety.B．To explain why math is a particularly difficult subject.C．To show da Vinci’s math anxiety is very serious.D．To show that math definitely isn’t easy.15．For whom is the text written?A．students wishing to learn MathsB．students wishing to take Maths testC．students feeling anxious about MathsD．students wishing to achieve good marks in Maths二、七选五西米亚狂想曲》), which is named after their most famous song, tells the story of the band’s rise to fame — as well as the early death of the band’s lead singer.____17____ One of the biggest reasons is the influence they had on bands that came after them. Their sound was quite unique for their time, as their music was heavily influenced by classical music. Their guitarist, Brian May, was known for his powerful and elegant style of playing. He used a special guitar amplifier (音箱) to record his playing. ____18____But it was their singer, Freddie Mercury, who really made the band stand out. He is known as one of the greatest rock singers in history. His style of singing was clean and melodic (旋律优美的) while still being very powerful.____19____ If you look online, you can find videos of Mercury performing in front of huge crowds — tens of thousands of people, at times. And yet, everyone there felt like Mercury was paying attention to them personally. He really connected with his fans. His confidence and charm have not been matched by any singer since him. When Mercury was performing, he owned the stage.Sadly, Mercury died at the age of 45. ____20____A．The film made a great hit around the world.B．Many singers learned singing skills from Mercury.C．But it was his onstage performances that really moved people.D．They’re one of the most famous and important rock bands in history.E．Why was Queen so important?F．It gave his guitar a very unique sound.G．But he has continued to inspire singers to this day.三、完形填空Yesterday, I went to the bookstore to pick up a present for my mother’s birthday. I found21．A．pay B．discount C．fold D．pack 22．A．achieve B．order C．receive D．apply 23．A．nearby B．next to C．at random D．in line 24．A．purchases B．products C．cards D．presents 25．A．see B．go C．put D．pull 26．A．brief B．anxious C．confidential D．friendly 27．A．sent B．placed C．signed D．delivered 28．A．use B．count C．work D．account 29．A．left B．abandoned C．applied D．sold 30．A．interrupted B．repeated C．smiled D．evaluated 31．A．turned down B．turned around C．turned up D．turned in 32．A．calm B．relieved C．fearful D．surprised 33．A．gift B．book C．attitude D．patience 34．A．appreciated B．rewarded C．stimulated D．reminded 35．A．potentially B．necessarily C．frequently D．definitely四、用单词的适当形式完成短文model any more.”五、单词释义六、选用适当的单词或短语补全句子根据语境，选择下框中的单词或短语，必要时用正确的形式填空。
福建省福州八县一中2024届高三六校第一次联考英语试卷含解析
福建省福州八县一中2024届高三六校第一次联考英语试卷注意事项:1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2．答题时请按要求用笔。
3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5．保持卡面清洁，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and ______ review of the case.A．comprehensive B．complicatedC．conscious D．constant2．Thanks to the “sugar tax”，food factories have reduced sugar in their products, ________ about 45 million kilograms of sugar.A．to save B．savedC．saving D．having saved3．At that time, my mind was a complete _______ ; I couldn't think of a single answer.A．blank B．bonusC．blow D．bottom4．Private cars will be required to stay off roads one out of five weekdays ____ the traffic pressure.A．to reduce B．reducing C．reduced D．reduce5．Whether to favor urban development or the preservation of historical sites is especially controversial in China, where there exists rich history, diversified tradition and cultural ________.A．surplus B．deposits C．accounts D．receipts6．I’m sure that your letter will get _____attention. They know you’re waiting for the reply.A．continued B．immediate C．careful D．general7．—What’s the recent progress in Xiong’an New Area, first announced two years ago?—It _____ increasing attention from foreign companies given its huge development potential.A．has been attracting B．had attracted C．would be attracting D．was attracting8．Ladies and gentlemen, on behalf of our government, I'd like to ________ a sincere welcome and heartfelt gratitude. A．exploit B．exposeC．expand D．extend9．My new job _______ my travelling all over the country, which means I won’t be able to spend much time with my family.A．takes B．promises C．involves D．causes10．In the "moon garden" onboard the Chang'e 4, the shoots of cotton marked the first live matter ever _____ on themoon.A．having grown B．to be grownC．being grown D．grown11．Don’t touch your eyes, nose and mouth, because they aren’t covered by skin and can _______ the virus more e asily. A．take up B．pick up C．make up D．set up12．_______ progress it is, you can’t stop moving forward.A．Whatever great B．However greatC．No matter how great D．How great a13．His strong sense of humor was make everyone in the room burst out laughing.A．so as to B．such as toC．so that D．such that14．The room ______ 10 metres across is large enough for a single man to live in．A．measuring B．measures C．to be measured D．measured15．The press should expand its influence in international public opinion to make China’s voice better ______ in the world.A．hearing B．to be heardC．hear D．heard16．They felt ________ it was high tax and low income ________ contributed to the extreme misery of the working people at the bottom of the ladder.A．/；that B．that; whichC．that; what D．/; which17．_______ the school, the village has a clinic, which was also built with government support.A．In reply to B．In addition toC．In charge of D．In place of18．I need to be more mature and ready to ______ my mistakes.A．hold on to B．cut off C．make up for D．take up19．Sometimes we have to face embarrassing moments ________ we can only keep silent.A．who B．whichC．when D．why20．— Looking back on _____ in years gone by and the good time that I had makes today seem rather sad.— Absolutely. So much has changed.A．how it was B．who it was C．how was it D．who was it第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
2022-2023学年福建省福州市八县(市、区)一中高二上学期期末联考地理试题
2022-2023学年福建省福州市八县（市、区）一中高二上学期期末联考地理试题1. 当地时间2023年1月1日0时29分，一架航班从韩国首尔（东九区）起飞，飞机抵达目的地美国旧金山（西八区）时，落地时间显示为2022年12月31日17时14分。
某网友发文分享航班信息时直呼“太酷了！”。
帖文一发布，就吸引超大量网友评论与点赞。
不少网友表示，“像是搭乘时光机，回到‘过去’了”，“真的好有趣，可以跨两次年！”图为该航班信息。
据此完成下列小题。
1．落地时，北京时间约为（）A．1月1日1:14 B．1月1日9:14 C．1月2日1:14 D．1月2日9:142．2023年元旦到春节期间（）A．首尔白昼时间长于福州B．地球公转速度逐渐加快C．北京正午太阳高度逐渐变大D．旧金山日落方向南移动2. 图为某地的地质剖面示意图。
读图，完成下面小题。
1．图中（）A．该地的主要地质构造是向斜B．甲处花岗岩形成年代晚于断层C．岩层①比③的沉积更早D．图中甲岩石为喷出岩2．图中乙地层褶皱后，该区域先后发生了（）A．断裂作用、岩浆侵入、侵蚀作用B．侵蚀作用、沉积作用、岩浆侵入C．岩浆侵入、沉积作用、侵蚀作用D．沉积作用、断裂作用、岩浆侵入3. 下图所示景观为“佛掌沙丘”，位于雅鲁藏布江北岸的山麓地带。
每当枯水期时，其附近河流中常有河沙出露，经强风年复一年地吹送，逐渐在河岸上形成了这一巨大、突兀的沙丘。
读图，完成下面小题。
1．形成“佛掌沙丘”景观的主要外力过程是（）A．冰川侵蚀—流水搬运—风力沉积B．风化侵蚀—风力搬运—流水沉积C．流水沉积—风力搬运—风力沉积D．海陆变迁—流水搬运—风力沉积2．下列关于“佛掌沙丘”的说法，正确的是（）A．形成于夏季，降水丰富，径流量大，流水搬运能力强B．形成于冬季，枯水期，风力大，风力搬运能力强C．主要分布在河流上游，侵蚀作用强D．常见于河流中下游地区的凹岸4. 图是“2020年11月18日2时和8时近地面天气图”。
2022-2023学年福建省福州市八县(市、区)一中高二上学期期末联考生物试题 Word版
2022-2023学年度第一学期八县（市）一中期末联考高中二年生物科试卷命题学校：考试时间：1月4日完卷时间： 75 分钟满分：100分一、单项选择题(20题，每题2分，共40分)1．稳态是生命系统的显著特征。
下列关于稳态及其调节过程的叙述，错误的是（）A．细胞癌变的根本原因是基因表达水平上的稳态受到破坏B．负反馈调节有利于稳态的维持，正反馈调节一般不利于稳态的维持C．高强度运动时，机体通过神经调节来维持PH相对稳定D．稳态就是指内环境的化学成分和理化性质保持相对稳定2．细胞内液和细胞外液之间可以通过细胞膜进行相互转化，以达到动态平衡。
下表是人体细胞外液和细胞内液的物质组成和含量测定数据。
相关叙述错误的是（）A．①与外界环境进行物质交换可能会导致其成分发生改变B．①与①的成分存在差异的主要原因是细胞膜具有选择透过性C．③渗透压的大小主要与无机盐、蛋白质的含量有关D．①属于组织液，其中的蛋白质含量减少可能会导致组织水肿3．下图甲表示人体神经系统对排尿的控制，其中尿道内、外括约肌都是一种环形肌肉，逼尿肌分布于膀胱壁上。
图乙表示不同强度的刺激及对应的膜电位变化。
下列说法错误的是（）A．受惊吓后导致尿失禁的原因可能是过程②中的信号传递出现了异常B．排尿反射发生的过程中，神经冲动在神经元①①上一定不会双向传导C．随着膀胱的充盈，感受器细胞所受的刺激加强，Na＋内流的速率加快，人体的尿意加强D．刺激神经元①，逼尿肌收缩，结合图乙分析最可能的原因是刺激强度大于S54．取若干生理状况相似的枪乌贼神经纤维，分别浸在不同浓度的盐水中，给予同等强度刺激，测得膜电位变化如图所示。
下列分析错误的是（）A．三组实验中，100%生理盐水组作为该实验的对照组B．若增大电刺激强度，33%生理盐水组形成的动作电位将会大于0mVC．若外界溶液Na+浓度下降，神经的动作电位峰值下降D．若外界溶液Na+浓度下降，兴奋的传导速度可能减慢5．抑制素（INH）是一种主要由卵巢分泌的蛋白类激素，调节促性腺激素的合成和分泌。
2023-2024学年高二第一学期八县(市区)一中期末联考英语试卷
20232024学年第一学期八县（市、区）一中期末联考高中二年英语科试题命题学校：长乐一中考试日期：1月30日完卷时间：120分钟满分：150分第一部分：听力（共两节；每小题1.5分，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节：听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man buy online?A. Books.B. Clothes.C. Shoes.2. What is the man’s boss like?A. She is serious.B. She is humorous.C. She is sociable.3. What are the speakers talking about?A. Healthy food.B. Eating habits.C. Weight loss.4. Why did the woman leave her former job?A. It required professional skills.B. It was a badlypaid job.C. It wasn’t challenging.5. How will the man deal with the printer?A. Exchange it.B. Return it.C. Have it fixed.第二节(共15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分22.5 分)听下面 5 段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。
2022-2023学年福建省福州市鼓楼区格致中学高二(下)期中英语试卷
2022-2023学年福建省福州市鼓楼区格致中学高二（下）期中英语试卷第一部分听力1．What did the speakers do last weekend？A.They went climbing.B.They played football.C.They watched a match.2．When was the meeting scheduled？A.At 6：00.B.At 6：30.C.At 7：00.3．What is the man dissatisfied with about the store？A.The clothes.B.The service.C.The price.4．What does the woman think of the show？A.Boring.B.Interesting.cational.5．What are the speakers talking about？A.The sea.B.The weekend plan.C.The weather.第二节6．（1）What day is it today？A.Saturday.B.Friday.C.Monday.（2）Why is the woman worried？A.She has no time to prepare.B.Nobody can lead the dance group.C.There aren't enough people in the group.7．（1）Where are the speakers？A.In a store.B.In a street.C.In a cafe.（2）What problem does the man have？A.He forgot to send an email.B.He has to make a phone call.C.He left his wallet in the office.（3）What does the woman suggest the man do？A.Speak with her manager.B.Visit another location.C.Eat in the cafe.8．（1）What might the man be？A.A customer service representative.B.A travel agent.C.A repairman.（2）What will the woman do next？A.Call his son.B.Give some details.C.Sign a form.（3）What do we know about the woman？A.Her son lives abroad now.B.She will go to visit her son soon.C.She should make payment from this month.9．（1）What did the man do yesterday？A.He started a new job.B.He registered for a class.C.He did some shopping online.（2）What does the man want to buy？A.Posters.B.Paintings.C.Brushes.（3）What will the woman do next？A.Go to a store.B.Ask about a sale.C.Email the man.10．（1）How much is the ticket to the Ocean Park？A. £ 2.00.B. £ 6.50.C. £ 8.50.（2）What is unavailable during the trip？A.Lunch.B.Water.C.Fruit.（3）What will the listeners do at 2：30 next Tuesday？A.Listen to a talk.B.Do some worksheets.C.Watch the sharks being fed.（4）What is the topic of the talk for next Tuesday？A.The ocean.B.Sharks.C.Penguins.第二部分阅读11．STEMInnovative.Eye-opening.Inspiring.Science，Technology，Engineering，and Math constantly reshape the communities we livein.Our STEM tours challenge students to develop imaginative solutions to global problems through critical thinking and creative expression.Health Sciences in Great BritainPaging the next generation of doctors，nurses，and health professionals - this tour through England and Scotland is for you.Trace the innovations that shaped Britain's modern healthcare landscape，and participate in hands-on workshops to discover how real-life medical careers operate.Robotics，Engineering，and the Future of Cities in JapanHome to countless organizations specializing in robotics and engineering，Japan is at the forefront of innovation in sustainability and human mobility.From high-speed superconducting magnetic （磁悬浮）trains to ASIMO the robot，see how the future of cities is closer than you think in Japan.You can take a guided tour of Tokyo with a STEM expert before visiting other Japanese cities.Agriculture in IrelandGet your hands dirty as you experience the farm-to-table journey - an important part of life in Ireland - by visiting a variety of local farms around the country.Learn about organic and sustainable farming practices，the impact of climate change on traditional food production，and how each agricultural product requires specialized care.Reef （礁）Regeneration and Conservation in AustraliaAs the world's largest living organism，the Great Barrier Reef is the foundation of Australia's coastal ecosystems.And Townsville，which will serve as your base of operations for this tour，is a world-famous center for scientific reef research and conservation.Conduct a field survey with koalas and snorkel （潜水）alongside the Reef.（1）Which best suits those expecting a career in medicine？A．The tour in Great Britain.B．The tour in Japan.C．The tour in Ireland.D．The tour in Australia.（2）What does the tour in Ireland provide？A．Healthcare workshops.B．Robot programing classes.C．Labor experience in the fields.D．A field survey with sea lives.（3）Who is the text aimed at？A．Artists.B．Adventurers.C．Volunteers.D．Students.12．As a young girl growing up in France，Sarah Toumi dreamed of becoming a leader who could make the world a better place.Her passion to help others was awakened when，from the age of nine，she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays.There she organized homework clubs and activities for children.Toumi witnessed first-hand the destructive effect of desertification."Within 10 years rich farmers became worse off，and in 10 years from now they will be poor.I wanted to stop the Sahara Desert in its tracks."A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts（干旱）have led to an estimated 75 per cent of Tunisia's agricultural lands being threatened by desertification.Toumi recognized that farming practices needed to change.She is confident that small land areas can bring large returns if farmers are able to adapt by planting sustainable crops，using new technologies for water treatment and focusing on natural products and fertilisers（肥料）rather than chemicals.In 2012，Toumi consolidated her dream to fight the desert.She moved to Tunisia，and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy into action."I want to show young people in rural areas that they can create opportunities where they are.Nobody is better able to understand the impact of desertification and climate change than somebody who is living with no access to water."By September 2016，more than 130，000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms，with farmers recording a 60 per cent survival rate.Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia's farmland.She expects to plant 1 million trees by 2018.In the next couple of years，Toumi hopes to extend the programme to Algeria and Morocco.（1）How did Toumi's holiday trips to Tunisia influence her？A.They made her decide to leave the country.B.They helped her better understand her father.C.They fired her enthusiasm for helping others.D.They destroyed her dream of being a teacher.（2）What is the main cause of the desertification of Tunisia's farmland？A.Low rainfall.B.Soil pollution.C.Cold weather.D.Forest damage.（3）Why did Toumi set up Acacias for All in Tunisia？A.To create job opportunities for young people.B.To help the children obtain a basic education.C.To persuade the farmers not to use fertilizers.D.To facilitate the protection of their farmland.（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the text？A.Saving Water in Tunisia.B.Planting Trees of Native Species.C.Holding back the Sahara.D.Fighting Poverty in North Africa.13．If humans pump enough carbon dioxide （CO2）into the atmosphere，the stratocumulus clouds（层积云）could disappear，and the earth's temperature could climb sharply to heights not predicted in current climate models．It would burn the planet．That's the conclusion of a paper published in the journal Nature Geoscience and described in detail by Natalie Wolchover for Quanta Magazine．As Wolchover explained，clouds have long been one of the great uncertainties of climate models．Computer models that easily capture the complexity and detail of most climate systems just aren't powerful enough to predict worldwide changes in cloud behavior．But clouds are important．They reflect sunlight away from the earth's surface．And stratocumulus clouds are those white blankets you might have seen as you looked out the window of arm airplane，rolling out below you and hiding the ground Researchers suspect that certain sudden，past jumps in temperature may have been caused by changes to clouds like these．For the new research，scientists modeled just a small patch of sky using a supercomputer．They found that if carbon dioxide levels reach about 1，200 parts per million（ppm）in the atmosphere，stratocumulus clouds break up．That's a very high carbon dioxide concentration Right now，levels have climbed past 410 ppm--a dangerous change from 280 ppm before the Industrial Revolution．But humans put more and more CO2 into the atmosphere every year．If current trends continue，the earth could reach 1，200 ppm within 100 to 150 years．This could happen if our society doesn't follow through on any of its commitments to reduce emissions（排放），Wolchover reported．And even if it does，the result would be another 8 degrees Celsius of heat added to the global average，on top of the dangerous changes already underway due to greenhouse gases．That's an enormous change，and it goes beyond predictions of worldwide ice melt and catastrophic sea-level rise，And，once the stratocumulus clouds are gone，Wolchover reported，they likely wouldn't reappear until atmospheric carbon dioxide levels dropped below where they are currently．There's still some uncertainty in the data．The 1，200 ppm figure could change as scientists look into the issue further．（1）What can we learn from paragraph 2？A．Most climate systems are not complex．B．Cloud behavior is uncertain and hard to predictC．Temperature changes affect the stratocumulus cloudsD．The stratocumulus clouds protect planes from sunlight．（2）How did the scientists study clouds in the new research？A．By measuring the sea levelB．By experimenting in a natural stateC．By comparing climate modelsD．By computer modeling and analyzing（3）What does"it"refer to in paragraph 4？A．The atmosphere．B．The earth．C．Our society．D．The result（4）Which of the following statements would Wolchover most probably agree with？A．The effects of CO2 emissions have beer fully assessedB．The stratocumulus clouds won't return if they are goneC．The breakup of stratocumulus clouds could result in catastrophesD．Once CO2 level reaches 1，200 ppm，stratocumulus clouds will go extinct第二节14．Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any significant weight changes.（1）______As for me，weighing myself every day caused me to shift my focus from being generally healthy and physically active，to focusing only on the scale.The original training program is beneficial for me to develop muscle.（2）______ However，thinking only of lowering the number on the scale，I changed my training program.I found that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate description of the hard work and progress I was making in the gym.It takes about three weeks to a month to notice significant changes in your weight due to changing your training program.The most immediate changes will be observed inskill level，strength and inches lost.（3）______ Instead，I switched to a bimonthly weighing schedule.Weighing every other month allows me to observe and account for any significant weight changes. （4）______ I use my bimonthly weigh-in results to get information about my nutrition as well.If my training intensity remains the same，but I'm constantly hungry and dropping weight，this is a sign that I need to increase my daily caloric intake.（5）______ I'm experiencing increased passion for working out since I no longer carry the burden of a disappointing morning weigh-in.I've also experienced greater success in achieving my specific fitness goals，because I'm training according to those goals，not the numbers on a scale.Rather than obsessing over the scale，turn your focus to how you look，feel，how your clothes fit and your overall energy level.A．That was bad to my overall fitness goals.B．Muscles rely on more than just activity to grow.C．I had gained weight in the form of muscle mass before.D．For these reasons，I stopped weighing myself every day.E．That tells me whether I need to adjust my training program.F．The decision to stop weighing myself every day has done a lot of wonders.G．However，when done too often，this habit can sometimes hurt more than it helps.第三部分语言运用15．One day，Marga asked if I would join her in hiking to Base Camp at the foot of Mount Qomolangma to celebrate her 60th birthday.I （1）______ the opportunity.We met our guide Achut Pandey in Kathmandu.He was a man of joy and （2）______ ，who had been to Base Camp over 100 times.When we left Namche Bazaar，we took the Three High Passes route，which is less-traveled，longer and more （3）______ .The temperatures ranged from the teens to below 0°F.We were nearly （4）______ .When we were done with dinner，we （5）______ ourselves to our sleeping bags.While we （6）______ were able to down a couple of eggs and a piece of toast，the higher we went，the less we （7）______ .Eventually，it was a lot of （8）______ to just eat a bowl of rice.The altitude （9）______ us in other ways too.As our appetites slowed，so did our （10）______ .Renjo La Pass，the first pass，was supposed to take eight hours.It took 12.Achut's faith in us was never （11）______ .He greeted us each day with a （12）______ "good morning." Before we （13）______ Base Camp，he carried our packs and skillfully negotiated our moods and capabilities.We trusted him as he （14）______ us，confident and strong，up and down icy，（15）______ and sometimes narrow paths.Thanks to Achut，I made it，at 65.（1）A．turned down B．jumped at C．looked for D．gave up（2）A．wealth B．honesty C．kindness D．taste（3）A．preferable B．difficult C．crowded D．deserted（4）A．mad B．starved C．desperate D．frozen（5）A．withdrew B．exposed C．helped D．resigned（6）A．gradually B．ultimately C．initially D．obviously（7）A．expected B．rested C．suffered D．ate（8）A．effort B．fun C．fortune D．pressure（9）A．supported B．humbled C．confused D．directed（10） A．growth B．speech C．breathing D．pace（11） A．restored B．tested C．shaken D．rewarded（12） A．cheerful B．unwilling C．calm D．meaningless（13） A．reached B．left C．guarded D．established（14） A．admired B．praised C．guided D．contacted（15） A．straight B．muddy C．smooth D．uneven第二节课本语法填空16．The first act of the Red Cross was to organise an international conference （the Geneva Convention）（1）______ countries adopted guidelines and measures for protecting（2）______ wounded and medical workers during and after battles.In the years since then，the Red Cross （3）______ （be）active in just about every war，helping to care for both soldiers and civilians.While the Red Cross is （4）______ （most）tasked with helping people in times of war，it also responds to natural disasters and gives aid to people who have to leave their homes.All around the world，the Red Cross continues to help civilians（5）______ （catch）in war，providing medical （6）______ （assist），feeding the needy，and offering many other types of aid.（7）______ （help ）meet the need for aid，most countries have National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies.Not only（8）______ these societies provide support to Red Cross efforts in other countries，but they also help prepare their own communities for disasters，provide medical services，and teach first-aid and life-saving techniques.The Florence Cathedral first decided to have the statue （9）______ （make）in 1464 to stand on its roof，along with statues of other（10）______ （hero）from the Bible.（11）______ （consequence），they purchased a block of white marble more than 5 metres （12）______ length.Over the years，two different sculptors attempted to work on the statue.However，both gave up，complaining that the marble was of poor quality.（13）______ （bad）yet，it appeared that the last sculptor had ruined the marble by（14）______ （cut）a huge hole in it for the gap between David's legs.The hole had （15）______ odd shape，and left very little material on either side to work with.Everyone thought it would be impossible to carve the statue's legs properly，and that they would be too thin- -unable to hold the weight of the rest of the statue.第四部分根据句意选择适当的短语，并用正确形式填空（有两个多余项）17．（1）Having said she wasn't hungry，she then ______ order a three-course meal.（2）A red rose，rather than yellow roses，______ the traditional romantic gift given to your love on Valentine's Day.（3）The zoo goes broke，and Pi's father puts his family and a few valuable animals on a ship ______ Canada.（4）His career has been ______ for some years now.（5）Yesterday，few players turned up because most ______.（6）Having learned that I was in trouble，he came to my aid ______.（7）My grandparents usually ______ the atmosphere of peace and calm in the country.（8）It is important to enrich the soil ______ planting.（9）Jiuqu Stream ______ others due to its rich waterfall based on the forest coverage in Wuyi Mountains.（10）We have already formed a strong working party ______ a number of our former presidents.第五部分书面表达18．假定你是李华，你的美国网友Tom来信说他的家人都很喜欢吃中餐，向你请教如何在中餐馆选择健康的中餐。
2022—2023 学年高二下学期开学考试英语试卷(新高考)笔试部分
2022—2023 学年高二下学期开学考试英语试卷（新高考）笔试注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
ACoach your favourite sports to poor children in schools. Help these children to get a structured sporting education and see their joy as they pick up new skills. If that’s not enough sport for you, you can even get involved in playing with local teams in your evenings and at weekends.DescriptionAs a volunteer sports coach, you and your group will head to 3 schools each day to coach your chosen sport or a variety of them. Sports coaching volunteering involves not just teaching the kids, but also acting as a good role model. Children are aged about 10–13 and are often new to playing sport in a structured environment. You don’t need to be a top player to take part (though any champions are welcome!) — it’s your patience and drive that will make the biggest effects.Which sports to coach?Sports coaching volunteers can choose to specialize in coaching just one sport, but often we find that it is best to combine several sports for more variety. The freedom to choose between different sports makes the weeks even more diverse. Follow the links to find out more about each sport.Accommodation·The accommodation is located in a leafy suburb 10 minutes’ drive from the city centre and the seafront.·Sports volunteers share accommodation with childcare and teaching volunteers.FoodAll dietary requirements can be catered for, as long as we know about them in advance. Coaching children in sport will make you hungry — many volunteers choose to supplement (补充) their meals with snacks bought in the local shops, just 10 minutes’ walk away. There is a volunteer kitchen where participants can do any cooking they wish outside of mealtimes.Want to go travelling afterwards?We can arrange a week-long Garden Route tour after your time on the project. Follow the link to find out more about the Garden Route Tour.1. What can a volunteer do in the evenings if he wants to do more sports?A. Drive to the supermarket.B. Pay a visit to 3 schools.C. Match with local teams.D. Have a Garden Route tour.2. Which is the most important as sports coaching volunteers?A. Being a top player.B. Being skilled in various sports.C. Being able to cook well.D. Being motivated and patient.3. Where is the text probably from?A. A web page.B. A news magazine.C. A travel guide.D. An education paper.BInstead of escaping the summer heat in air-conditioning indoors, Mustafa Furkan Ozgener prefers the sunshine in an experimental seed field of over 200 kinds of melons in Pingluo County, Northwest China’s Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Picking melons, weighing them, observing their growth, tasting, recording and taking pictures, the 31-year-old Turkish man runs his tests on up to 50 kinds of melons every day. “I love working in the field. Melons are favored in Turkey in the hot summers and my job here is to choose the best kinds for Turkish customers,” he said.Influenced by his father who used to do business in China, Ozgener majored in Chinese at university and therefore expected a journey to China one day. The young man visited China for the first time as an exchange student in Beijing. Two years later, Ozgener applied for a master’s degree in tourism management at China’s Sun Yat-sen University. Since then, he’s traveled around the country to learn about the colorful Chinese culture and enjoy different dishes. “The more I learn about China, the more I want to stay here,” said Ozgener. He worked as a translator in Ningxia after graduation.The company Ozgener works for now is a scientific and technological enterprise engaged in vegetable planting, production, promotion, import and export. It has bred over 70 new varieties of seeds and exported seeds to 27 countries and regions in Asia and Africa, including the Middle East.Before the outbreak of COVID-19, Ozgener would spend two months in Hainan and another four months in Ningxia to help foreign clients select seeds. Then he would go back to Turkey. But due to the epidemic (流行病), he has stayed in Ningxia for more than a year, observing and selecting target seeds in the field every day.“I used to do translation work only, but now I’m also responsible for all the stuff related to the seeds. It’s tiring but rewarding, because I can learn a lot. I will continue to pursue my dream here,” said Ozgener.4. Why does Ozgener work in the melon field in Ningxia?A. He likes the hot weather there.B. He prefers eating melons there.C. He loves working in the field there.D. His father wants him to work there.5. What do we know about Ozgener?A. He learned Chinese in Beijing as an exchange student.B. He worked in the field in Hainan after graduation.C. He traveled around China the first time he came there.D. He had a greater interest in China as time went by.6. What kind of person is Ozgener?A. Hard-working and determined.B. Energetic and patient.C. Kind and devoted.D. Ambitious and confident.7. What is the text mainly about?A. A man’s wonderful journey to China.B. Planting and selling melons in Turkey.C. A tiring job in the field in a hot summer.D. Going after a dream of planting seeds in Ningxia.CNow, a study proves that gardens are more than just a pretty place. The study, by researchers at Illinois State University, demonstrates that such constructed gardens can have a measurable and positive impact on water quality.Floating gardens are essentially platforms built and wrapped in coconut husks (椰子壳), and filled in with native plantings. As plants grow, they extend their roots into the water. On the North Branch of the Chicago River, non-profit Urban Rivers and its partners are developing a mile-long floating eco-park called the Wild Mile. The re-development of this former industrial canal is Urban Rivers’ important project. As part of the park, floating gardens, attached to shore, are being fixed.The primary aim of the floating gardens is beautification. But the Illinois State team, from the University’s Department of Geology, Geography, and the Environment, saw an ideal setup for a controlled experiment. “We joined it because it’s the perfect opportunity to see if there’s an influence on water quality,” explains lead author Abigail Heath.The study is novel: previous studies have explored floating gardens’ influence on water quality over time, primarily in wastewater treatment ponds, but not over space, in moving water. The project also matches well with Urban Rivers’ broader goals. “The city is interested in bettering water quality,” says Phil Nicodemus, Urban Rivers’ Director of Research. “Happily, Illinois State took part in it later.”Could this small human-made park improve water quality? An average of data collected over the course of the study shows middle but definitive improvement. For example, nitrogen (氮) dropped from 4.69 milligrams per liter in surface water to 4.43 milligrams per liter, a drop of about 1 percent.“Despite how small this garden was, there was measurable improvement in water quality from upstream to downstream,” notes Heath. She and her colleagues see this as a model for how large floating gardens should be to help improve water in similar settings. “Even this tiny garden makes a difference,” she says.8. What can be inferred from the second paragraph?A. The floating gardens are environmentally friendly.B. The floating gardens are fixed everywhere in the eco-park.C. The floating gardens can help fix the former parks.D. The Urban Rivers were once industrial canals.9. What is the main reason to build the floating gardens?A. To reduce waste water.B. To attract more visitors to the park.C. To make the surroundings brilliant.D. To help researchers do the experiment.A. The floating garden.B. The project.C. The treatment of ponds.D. The quality of water.11. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?A. Floating Gardens: More than PrettyB. The Best Way to Better Water QualityC. A Practical Method of Improving ParksD. Floating Gardens Beautify the CityDStressed at work and feeling your blood pressure rise? People all over the world are told by their doctors to try for a low-sodium (钠) diet to treat high blood pressure or other diseases, but there’s no denying that salt makes food taste good. Fortunately, Japanese researchers at Tokyo’s Meiji University and the manufacturer Kirin have developed high-tech chopsticks that enhance salty tastes, potentially helping those who need to reduce sodium in their diets.These wired-up chopsticks are actually part of a device that the researchers say can enhance the salty flavor of low-sodium foods. And when they were tested on participants for the first time, results showed that the high-tech chopsticks increase perceived (察觉到) saltiness in foods by about 1.5 times.According to the research team, the basic principle is that the extra salty flavor is perceived due to extremely weak electric currents conveyed directly into the mouth through the tip of one of the chopsticks. Scientists have apparently been using this kind of weak electricity to play with flavors in the lab for years, but these chopsticks in particular are set to adjust the activity of ions (离子) in sodium chloride (table salt), which enhances salty flavor.And do these chopsticks work as expected? To verify the effect of the new chopsticks, the researchers conducted an experiment on a total of 36 participants aged 40 to 65, all of whom were eating a low-sodium diet. If nothing else, one thing was clear: participants using the chopsticks tasted more salt than they did without. Results show that they even thought that low-sodium food eaten with the high-tech chopsticks tasted saltier than regular food made with an average amount of sodium, and eaten with normal chopsticks.The chopsticks aren’t on store shelves quite yet, but with promising results, people around the world who are unhappily devoted to a low-sodium diet might just be excited for any updates to come!12. What is the main function of the future high-tech chopsticks?A. To treat blood pressure.B. To test how salty a dish is.C. To increase the saltiness of food.D. To help reduce salt intake.13. How do the high-tech chopsticks work?A. By sending warning information to the brain.B. By changing the saltiness of food with electric shocks.C. By using electricity to transport ions between chopsticks.D. By tricking our brains into tasting extra salt.A. Confirm.B. Improve.C. Change.D. Strengthen.15. What is the writer’s attitude toward the future of the chopsticks?A. Doubtful.B. Optimistic.C. Uncertain.D. Pessimistic.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
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2022-2023学年第二学期期末联考高二英语试卷【完卷时间：120分钟：满分：150分】第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Doctor and patient.B. Professor and student.C. Fellow workers.2. Where does the man want to go?A. To the Donghu Park.B. To the City Library.C. To the History Museum.3. Why does the woman prefer to go to Shanghai by car?A. It is cheap.B. It is convenient.C. It is fast.4.How many words does the man learn each week?A. Fifteen.B. Ten.C. Six.5. What are the speakers talking about?A. A workmate.B. A classmate.C. A neighbor.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6至7题。
6. When did the woman start to play the piano?A. At 5 years old.B. At 11 years old.C. At 16 years old.7. Why did the man play a lot of sports?A. He never liked the guitar.B. He preferred playing sports.C. He didn’t have an instrument.听下面一段对话，回答第8至9题。
8. Why is the woman flying to New York?A. To give a report.B. To meet a customer.C. To attend an exhibition.9. Where will Paul go first?A. The coffee shop.B. The home office.C. Mr. Smith’s house.听下面一段对话，回答第10至12题。
10. What is The Wandering Earth mainly about?A. Engine building.B. Star exploring.C. Earth escaping.11. What makes The Wandering Earth stand out according to the man?A. The intense action scenes.B. The visual effects it employs.C. The emotional impact on the audience.12. How does the man like the movie?A. Unmissable.B. Boring.C. Disappointing.听下面一段对话，回答第13至16题。
13. In which year did the man start to volunteer?A. 2014.B. 2015.C. 2020.14. What is the reason for the man to choose to volunteer after retirement?A. Developing a new hobby.B. Finding a good way to kill time.C. Putting his experience and knowledge to use.15. What volunteer job is the man doing now?A. Being a guide.B. Teaching in local schools.C. Offering food to the homeless.16. What does the man gain from volunteering?A. A sense of purpose.B. Free education.C. Love for life.听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。
17. When is the talk probably taking place?A. In the late spring.B. In mid-summer.C. In the early winter.18. What does the speaker think will happen?A. Decrease of tourists.B. Recovery of the country.C. Slowdown in economic growth.19. Who is likely the speaker?A. A tour guide.B. A government leader.C. A hotel owner.20. What is the most important for tourism businesses according to the speaker?A. Increasing borrowing.B. Hiring new workers.C. Raising investment in advertising.第二部分阅读理解(共两节：每小题2.5分，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
ASTEMInnovative. Eye-opening. Inspiring.Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math constantly reshape the communities we live in. Our STEM tours challenge students to develop imaginative solutions to global problems through critical thinking and creative expression.Health Sciences in Great BritainPaging the next generation of doctors, nurses, and health professionals —this tour through England and Scotland is for you. Trace the innovations that shaped Britain’s modern healthcare landscape, and participate in hands-on workshops to discover how real-life medical careers operate.Robotics, Engineering, and the Future of Cities in JapanHome to countless organizations specializing in robotics and engineering, Japan is at the forefront of innovation in sustainability and human mobility. From high-speed superconducting magnetic (磁悬浮) trains to ASIMO the robot, see how the future of cities is closer than you think in Japan. You can take a guided tour of Tokyo with a STEM expert before visiting other Japanese cities.Agriculture in IrelandGet your hands dirty as you experience the farm-to-table journey — an important part of life in Ireland — by visiting a variety of local farms around the country. Learn about organic and sustainable farming practices, the impact of climate change on traditional food production, and how each agricultural product requires specialized care.Reef (礁) Regeneration and Conservation in AustraliaAs the world’s largest living organism, the Great Barrier Reef is the foundation of Australia’s coastal ecosystems. And Townsville, which will serve as your base of operations for this tour, is a world-famous center for scientific reef research and conservation. Conduct a field survey with koalas and snorkel (潜水) alongside the Reef.1. Which best suits those expecting a career in medicine?A. The tour in Great Britain.B. The tour in Japan.C. The tour in Ireland.D. The tour in Australia.2. What does the tour in Ireland provide?A. Healthcare workshops.B. Robot programming classes.C. Labor experience in the fields.D. A field survey with sea lives.3. Who is the text aimed at?A. Artists.B. Adventurers.C. Volunteers.D. Students.答案：1. A 2. C 3. DBDespite the fact that motherhood has not been easy, Maxi Aubi believes that her son, Gianluca, has taught her much.Gianluca was born 13 years ago with Angelman Syndrome (天使综合症), a genetic disease. Maxi was never afraid about the fact that she did not know what this condition was about. She had to get out there and face the music. “When he was a newborn baby, he used to cry all day long. He wouldn’t eat or sleep. It was an endless cycle. We ran some tests and doctors told us his progress depended on us. But it was clear that something was wrong with him. So we visited several doctors and ran some other tests until he was five,” she explains.Despite all of this, Maxi designed a treatment plan for Gianluca. It did not matter what he was suffering from; she believed love was the “medicine” that could cure him. She formed a group of ten people of different ages outside her family who were willing to help Gianluca’s development. These p eople would come to her house in shifts from 9 AM to 7 PM with only one goal: to show Gianluca that he could achieve whatever he wanted. “We started encouraging him with games. During those two or three years, he learnt how to walk and he made huge progres s,” she remembers.Learning about her child’s diagnosis (诊断) was a starting point for Maxi. To help relieve the pain of parents whose children suffered from the same condition, she created the Association for Parents coping with Angelman Syndrome(APSA)which currently has about a hundred families. Living with these children is very enriching. This is why the association is not only working to provide support and guidance for the families of children with this condition; it also wants to tell people that they can also learn from these children. “We want them to come and experience what we learnt from our children,“ she says.4. What does the underlined phrase “face the music” in the second paragraph mean?A. Enjoy the music.B. Finish one’s work.C. Accept the situation.D. Share the burden.5. How did Maxi Aubi react to her son’s illness?A. She was afraid.B. She felt helpless.C. She cried a lot about her son’s suffering.D. She made a treatment plan for her son.6. The ten people in the group ______ .A. were Maxi’s relatives and friendsB. helped Gianluca to design a study planC. visited Maxi’s house to look after Gianluca in turnD. were doctors contributing to the treatment of rare diseases7. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. The association is aimed at win-win results.B. Parents don’t need to learn from these children.C. Gianluca made great progress because of love.D. Developing Angelman Syndrome is personal adversity.答案：4. C 5. D 6. C 7. ACWater equals life. This is true for people, animals and plants. And while water is plentiful in some locations, this is not the case all over the world. Now scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) may have developed a way to change that.The new desalination (脱盐) device produces water actually above the World Health Organization standards, just by pushing a button. There are no filters (过滤器) required, and the device uses electrical power to remove salt and other particles (微粒) — including bacteria and viruses — from the saltwater. This reduces the need for constant maintenance.Most commercially available portable desalination units use filters that require high-pressure pumps to push the water, which makes them huge in size and less energy efficient. The filterless MIT device will allow it to be used in remote or resource-limited places like small islands, ships, and even for emergency use.The device took years to develop. After running tests in the lab with water that had different salinity and particles, it was tes ted at Boston’s Carson Beach. The device produced drinkable water in just half an hour.The new desalination unit needs less power than a cell phone charger, reported Fast Company, and works using two types of electrical fields to filter the saltwater. But best of all, it is designed to be used by average people and not engineers. In fact, the device only has three buttons, one to power the device, one to start it, and one to stop it.The researchers are still working on a final design that could use cheaper materials to make it ready by the end ofnext year. This small but mighty desalination unit may be the key to bringing safe water to a thirsty world.8. What’s the advantage of the new desalination device?A. It’s convenient.B. Ifs a lot cheaper.C. It has improved filters.D. It has a larger output.9. How is the third paragraph developed?A. By making comparisons.B. By giving examples.C. By analyzing causes.D. By listing figures.10. What does the author think is the most outstanding quality of the new device?A. It requires much less power.B. It possesses two electrical fields.C. It can be easily operated by ordinary people.D. It is controlled by the same button.11. What is the best title for the text?A. Deeper research finds new contents of seawaterB. Better method improves the quality of drinking waterC. Report shows a world thirsty for safe drinking waterD. New portable device makes seawater drinkable on the way答案：8. A 9. A 10. C 11. DDThere’s a new AI bot: ChatGPT, and you’d better pay attention, even if you aren’t into artificial intelligence. The tool is an AI chatbot system that OpenAI released in November 2022 to show off and test what a very large, powerful AI system can achieve.ChatGPT remembers the thread of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. It derives its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet. ChatGPT is built on top of the OpenAI GPT-3 family of large language models and is fine-tuned (a method of transfer learning) using both supervised and reinforcement learning (监督和强化学习).You can ask ChatGPT anything, like explaining physics, asking for birthday party ideas and getting programming (编程) help. Perhaps it’s not smart enough to replace all humans yet, b ut it can be creative, and its answers can sound downright authoritative. A few days after its launch, more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT. UBS analyst Lloyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthlyusers in January, accomplishing in 2 months what took TikTok about 9 months and Instagram two and a half years.ChatGPT is free to use at the moment because it is still in its research phase. But when too many people hop onto the server (服务器), it overloads and c an’t process your request. It just means you should try visiting the site at a later time when fewer people are trying to access it. If you want to skip the wait and have reliable access, there is an option for you. As of Feb.1, 2023, OpenAI has a ChatGPT pro plan, ChatGPT Plus, which allows users to have general access even during peak times. This service does come at a cost of $20 / month.’However, ChatGPT can not replace Google. ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence bot that provides solutions to your questions, but Google is a search engine in which you can search for as much information as possible. ChatGPT has limited knowledge due to its programming but Google has unlimited knowledge which is updated every day.12. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about ChatGPT?A. Its language model.B. Its working theory.C. Its design inspiration.D. Its development process.13. Why does the author list figures in paragraph 3?A To show the popularity of ChatGPT.B. To stress the high cost of inventing ChatGPT.C. To present the creativity of artificial intelligence.D To prove the necessity of developing tools for chatting online.14. What is ChatGPT Plus intended for?A. Guiding users to experience free services.B. Allowing net surfers to skip advertisements.C. Helping researchers detect the failure of the system.D. Offering consumers priority access during peak hours.15. What is a limitation of ChatGPT compared with Google?A. It operates based on limited data.B. It takes more time to search for solutions.C. It can only update information at a fixed time.D. It may provide replies unrelated to the questions.答案：12. B 13. A 14. D 15. A第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。