查英文释义 解完形填空词汇辨析

要从英语语言的文化习俗、习惯入手，查英文释义，这样才能做到忠实于英语语言文化！下面笔者以完形填空中的词汇辨析为例进行阐 释。
实例展示 例1 The party began shortly after Mr. Wood, who lived in the flat below, signed to himself as he heard excited voices and the noisy music. Luckily he had brought some work home from the office, with which he kept himself busy for a couple of hours, thus managing to pay no attention to the noise overhead. But by eleven o’clock he felt tired and was ready to go to bed, though from his earlier experience he knew it was useless trying to get to sleep. He undressed and lay for a while on the bed, trying to read, but he found himself reading the same page over and over again. He then turned off the light and buried his head in the pillow. But even so he could not shut 44 the noise, finally, after what seemed hours, his patience was gone. （44． A. away B. off C. down D. up） 【简析】 根据上下文理解，学生首先排除了选项A和C。对于选项B和D，如果只是去查汉语释义，那么得到的信息是：shut off“隔绝”，shut up“关严”，学生认为二者均可成为正确选项。但是通过研究英文释义，我们可以看到，shut sth up: close a shop, room etc so that people can’t get into it. 而be shut off from sth: be separated from other people or things, especially so that you are not influenced by them.根据以 上英文释义，结合情景，很显然“B. off”应为最佳选项。 例2 “It’s important to know something about your grandchildren’s world,” says Mrs Douglas． “That means questioning and listening， and listening is not what old people do best． Say good things to them and about them，” she continues．“Never try to blame your grandchildren or other young people． Never stick to your opinion． Don’t tell them what they should do． 55 ， they have been taught they should have respect for old people．The old should respect them as well．” （55． A. Commonly B. Surprisingly C. Happily D. Naturally） [简析] 对于这一道题，学生选择D选项的较多，但是通过仔细辨析naturally 和 commonly的英文释义，naturally: use this to say that something is normal and not surprising. commonly: usually or by most people来对比分析，这道题应选择A选项。 例3 On a hike through the bush, he came across a young bull elephant standing with one leg raised in the air. The elephant 36 greatly pained, so Peter approached it very carefully. He got down on one knee, examined the elephant’s foot and found a large piece of wood deeply stuck（刺入）in it. As carefully and as gently as he could, Peter worked the wood out with his hunting knife, after which the elephant carefully put down its foot. （36． A. appeared B. seemed C. proved D. remained） 【简析】 36题句子结构应是“系动词+ adj (pained)”，而四个选项给出的都是系动词，根据句意可确定选项A和B为待选项。接下来再根据英文 释义进行精确辨析：appear is a word used especially in formal or written English. It means to give a certain impression according to outward aspect, but sometimes it isn’t true because of the limitation of our view or opinion. 例如： He appears to know more than he really does. 而seem means tபைடு நூலகம் give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect, usually according to one’s judgement, one’s own mind or opinion ,which is close to the truth. 例如：He seems to be sick, for he appears pale. 综上所述，“大象脚上刺入了木棍”是事实，因此应选“B. seemed”。 例4 As I had my first child, I promised myself never to be a pushy parent. I was going to be a very patient and understanding mother. Five years later my little boy was about to test for his yellow belt in karate. As a five-year-old child, he wasn’t taking it seriously, because it was mom trying to help him. I found myself yelling and telling him feel like he couldn’t accomplish anything , just as I promised myself I wouldn’t do. Still mad and stubborn I couldn’t give in. I had to teach him his flip. He was doing fine with it by the time we had to leave to go to karate. While taking the test, he did better. His instructor would ask him to do something, and it became 44 for him. He never asked him to do the back-flip. He had passed his yellow belt test. （44. A. quick B. natural C. common D. normal） 【简析】 究竟用natural还是normal？学生认为二者都可以用。但是如果从这两个词的英文释义来看，normal： not unusual in any way but happens just as you would expect. 不符合语境,与句意也不太相符。natural： normal and what you would expect in a particular situation. 符合语境及句意，故“B. natural”为最佳选项。 作者单位：宁夏育才中学
查英文释义 解完形填空词汇辨析
发表时间：2010-11-11T15:37:59.990Z 来源：《英语周报》（高中教师版）2010年第1期供稿 作者： 王卫珍
[导读] 36题句子结构应是“系动词+ adj (pained)”，而四个选项给出的都是系动词，根据句意可确定选项A和B为待选项。
王卫珍 在英语学习的过程中，经常会需要对一些同义词、近义词进行辨析，如果单从其汉语意义方面进行区别，效果并不会很好，这时往往