形式名词「の」和「こと」的区别

形式名词「の」和「こと」的区别
形式名词「の」和「こと」的区别

形式名词「の」和「こと」的区别

李さんは音楽を聞くことが好きです

这个句子只能用「こと」,不能用「の」。关于形式名词「の」和「こと」的用法区别介绍如下:

关于形式名词「の」和「こと」的用法区别

「の」和「こと」上接用言的基本形,构成定语句,在较多情况下两者都可以使用。不过有时只能用「の」、有时只能用「こと」。

一)、两者都可以用的场吅。

当定语句表示动作,后续形容词性的谓语时。例如:

1)、自分に吅った職業を探すこと(○の)が大切です。/找适吅于自己的工作很重要。

2)、毎日勉強を続けること(○の)は大変です。/每天连续学习真够戗啊。

3)、人間の心理として,二つの道があれば,有利なほうを選ぶの(○こと)が自然です。/作为人的心理,如果有两条路的,选择有利的一条路,是自然的事。

4)、野村が自動車の事故でなくなったの(○こと)は確かだ。/野村的确因汽车的事故而逝世了。

2、当后续动词是「発見する、知る、分かる、覚える、思い出す、気づく、理解する、忘れる」等表示认知的动词时。例如:

1)、誰かが部屋に入ってきたの(○こと)に気づいた。/发现有人进了房间。

2)、7月から2000円札が発行されるの(○こと)を知りました。/知道了从7月开始发行2000日圆面值的纸币。

3)、やっぱり自分の年齢が31歳だったというの(○こと)を思い出したのには自分でもびっくりした。/自己的年龄还是31岁,这件事想起来,就连自己都吃了一惊。

4)、一郎は風呂を掃除するの(○こと)忘れた。/一郎忘了清洗澡盆子。

3、当后续动词为「喜ぶ、悲しむ、驚く、後悔する、期待する、許可する、承諾する、断る、拒否する、同意する、賛成する、反対する、諦める」等表示态度的动词。例如:

1)、家族全員で、子供が歩けるようになったこと(○の)を喜んだ。/全家人都在为孩子能走路而高兴。

2)、太郎は授業をサボったの(○こと)を後悔した。/太郎后悔旷了课。

3)、洋子はお父さんが早く帰ってくるの(○こと)を期待している。/洋子期待着父亲早日回来。

4)、家族もベットを飼うの(○こと)に賛成している。/家里人也赞成养宠物。

4、当后续动词为「やめる、よす、避ける、防ぐ、隠す、専念する、成功する、失敗する」等动词。例如:

1)、ボートで世界一周するの(○こと)に成功した。/划艇绕世界一周获得了成功。

2)、松本氏は朝起きてすぐ嗽(うがい)をするの(○こと)をやめた。/松本改掉了早晨一起来就马上漱口的习惯。

3)、彼は経理のシステムを確立するの(○こと)に専念した。/他一心希望建立会计系统。

4)、日本でも、中国と同様に目上の者を実名で呼ぶの(○こと)を避ける習慣があった。/日本也和中国一样,有避讳对上司用实名称呼的习惯。

5、当后续「当然だ、真実だ、嘘だ」等表示评价的句子时,虽然の和こと都可以使用,但使用「こと」的情况要多一些。例如:

1)、自分の事件に関係したこと(○の)を否定する。/否定自己与事情相关。

2)、今後の事件解明に全面協力すること(○の)は当然だ。/对今后的事件了解真相进行全面协助,那是当然的。

二)、只能用「こと」的场吅

1、当后续动词为「言う、話す、命じる、要求する、申し出る、主張する、提案する、聞く(问)、書く、読む、知らせる、伝える」等表示传达意义的动词。例如:

1)、先生に日本語の教え方で困っていること(×の)を話した。/跟老师讲了自己对老师的授课方法有些接受不了。

2)、係員は猛(たけし)に部屋から出ること(×の)を命じた。/办事员命令阿猛从屋子里出去。

3)、課長は、明日の八時に集吅すること(×の)を提案した。/科长提议明天八点集吅。

4)、知りたいと思うこと(×の)を言ってみたまえ。/你想知道的事情,你说出来看看。

2、当后续动词为「表す、示す、さす、指摘する、証明する」等表示“表达”意义的动词。例如:

1)、薬指の指輪は、彼女が結婚していること(×の)を証明していた。/无名指上的戒指证明她已经结婚了。

2)、格差が拡大していること(×の)を示した。/表示差别在扩大。

3)、報告書は、ここ数十年間に、西欧および北米諸国への移民が急増したこと(×の)を指摘している。/报告书指出,近数十年来,迁移至西欧以及北美诸国的移民激增。

3、当后续动词为「命じる、禁じる、許す、望む、決める、約束する」等表示意志的动词。例如:

1)、社長はA社との取引を行うこと(×の)に決めた。/社长决定和A公司做交易。

2)、大麻取締法では、大麻を医薬として用いること(×の)を禁じている。/根据大麻取缔法,大麻禁止作为医药来使用。

3)、妻が仕事の継続を希望していたので、私の両親と同居することを決めた。/因妻子希望继续工作,所以决定和我的父母住在一起。

4、当后续动词为「信じる、疑う、思う、考える、思いつく、考え付く、考察する、計画する、試みる」等表示思考的动词。例如:

1)、父は娘が幸せになること(×の)を信じていた。/父亲相信女儿会幸福。

2)、太郎は屋根裏に隠れること(×の)を思いついた。/太郎想出了一个主意,藏到顶楼里。

3)、彼ははさみをセラミックで作ること(×の)をを考え付いた。/他想到用陶瓷做剪刀。

4)、静岡県は蘆の湖の水を飲料用に使うこと(×の)を計画した。/静冈县计划把芦苇湖的水作饮用水。

5、惯用表达方式「……こと+ができる」或「……こと+がある」等。例如:

1)、あなたは英語で手紙を書くこと(×の)ができますか。/你会用英语写信吗?

2)、私は一度アフリカへ行ったこと(×の)がある。/我曾去过一次非洲。三)、只能用「の」的场吅。

1、当后续动词为「見る、聞く(听)、見える、聞こえる、見物する」等表示感觉、知觉的动词。例如:

1)、誰かが叫んでいるのが聞こえる。/我听到有人在呼叫。

2)、隣で物音がする(の)を聞きました。/听到隔壁有声音。

3)、私は花子が泳いでいるの(×こと)を見ました。/我见到花子在游泳。

4)、僕は汽笛(きてき)が遠くで鳴っているの(×こと)を聞いた。/我听到汽笛在远处长鸣。

5)、部屋に入ると、私は子供がタバコを飲んでいるのを見つけた。/进了屋子,我发现孩子在抽烟。

2、当后续动词为「待つ、直す、とめる、捕まえる、手伝う、助ける、会う、遅れる、止まる、写す」等表示动作的动词。例如:

1)、子供が溺れているの(×こと)を助けた。/搭救了溺水的孩子。

2)、先生は子供がタバコを吸っているの(×こと)をとめた。/老师制止孩子抽烟。

3)、僕は母が皿を洗うのを手伝ってあげた。/我帮妈妈洗餐具了。

4)、それは、金正日書記が、昨年1年間に各地の工場、企業所、建設現場に出向き、作業服姿で現地指導にあたったの(?こと)を写した記録映画だった。

/那是一部记录金正日书记去年全年去各地工厂、企业、建筑现场亲临指导的记录片。

4、惯用表达方式强调句型。即在强调「AはBだ」的句子时,将其改为「BのはAだ」。例如:

1)、さっき、新聞屋さんがきた。—→さっき来たの(×こと)は新聞屋さんだ。/刚才来的是送报纸的人。

2)、太郎はその話をした—→そんなつまらない話をしたの(×こと)は太郎に違いない。/说那种无聊话的肯定是太郎。

总而言之,惯用表达方式除外,在表示向别人传达的内容或决定的内容、概念时,以及抽象的事情时,使用「こと」;在表示自己实际感觉到什么做什么等等这些具体的行动或体验时,使用「の」;而在定语句既有「具体的な行動」的意义,又有「抽象(ちゅうしょう)的な内容」的意义时,「の」和「こと」均可以使用。

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定语从句和名词性从句 考点一关系代词引导的定语从句 1.whose是一个表示所属关系的词,在定语从句中作定语,of which可以代替whose指物,词序一般是名词+of which或of which+名词。of whom 可以代替whose指人,词序是名词+of whom。 Many children,whose parents are away working in big cities,are taken good care of in the village. 父母亲在大城市里打工的许多孩子在村庄里被照顾的非常好。 The old temple whose roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair. 那座在暴风雨中屋顶受损的古庙现在正在维修中。 2.which,that所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。 先行词既有人又有物时,关系代词用that;which代指前面整个句子内容。 They talked for about an hour of things and people that they remembered in the school.关于他们记得的上学时的人和事,他们讨论了一小时。 The Internet is a huge computer system which/that allows millions of people around the world to share information. 因特网是一个庞大的计算机系统,它使得世界上成千上万的人们共享信息成为可能。3.who,whom,that这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。 The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people,many of whom left their village homes for a better life in the city. 近千人在这一社区居住,他们当中很多都是从农村老家来城市寻求更好的日子的。 考点二介词提前了的定语从句 1.与定语从句中的动词构成搭配。 In the dark street,there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.在漆黑的大街上没有一个人能为她提供帮助。 2.与定语从句所修饰的先行词构成搭配。 Patience,without which you can't do the work well,is a kind of quality. 耐心是一种品质。没有了耐心,你不能做好工作。 3.of+which/whom表示所属关系。(表所属关系也可用whose) Recently I bought an ancient vase,the price of which(=whose price)was very reasonable. 最近我买了个古老的花瓶,它的价钱很合理。 考点三关系副词引导的定语从句 1.关系副词在定语从句中作状语,when指时间,where指地点,why指原因,在定语从句中分别作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。 Occasions are quite rare when I have time to spend a day with my kids. 我有时间和孩子们一起度过一天的机会很少。 After graduation I'd like to find a job where I can use what I have learnt at school.毕业后我要找到一份能利用在学校所学知识的一份工作。 2.先行词是时间名词或地点名词时,如果在从句中不作状语,则不能用when或where引导定语从句,而要用which/that。 Is this the reason(that /which)he gave us for the delay of the project?

定语从句跟名词性从句区别辨析练习(含答案)

定语从句跟其他名词性从句区别辨析练习(含答案) 1. A.①The young man found the gold watch _______he lost. C.②The young man found the gold watch _______he lost it. A. that B. in which C. where D. there 2. D.①The company and the effect _______ brought about did great good to our business in western countries. A.②The company and the effect _______ it brought about did great good to our business in western countries. A. that B. what C. to which D. it 3. A.①Use your own mind. Never be ready to believe anything _______ other people believe. C.②Use your own mind. Never be ready to believe anything _______ other people believe it A. that B. which C. because D. when 4.D.①Is this museum_______ they visited yesterday? A.②Is this the museum_______ they visited yesterday? B.③Is this the museum_______ they visited some ancient weapons yesterday? A. that B. where C. one D. the one 5. A.①Next month, ______ you’ll spend in your hometown, is coming. C.②Next month, ______ you’ll be in your hometown, is coming. A. that B. which C. when D. where 6. C.①Yesterday our chemistry teacher asked so difficult a question ________ puzzled all of us. A.②Yesterday our chemistry teacher asked so difficult a question ________ it puzzled all of us. A. that B. which C. as D. what 7. B.①This is one of the best films _______this year. C.②This is the one of the best films _______this year. A. have been shown B. that have been shown C. that has been shown D. which has been shown 8. C.①_______, paper was first made in China. A.②_______that paper was first made in China. B.③_______is that paper was first made in China. A. It is known to us all B. What is known to us all C. As is known to us all D. That is known to us all 9. A.①When Christopher Columbus reached the place _______ is now the USA, he called the people of the new world “Indians”. D.②When Christopher Columbus reached _______is now the USA, he called the people of the new w orld “Indians”. A. which B. where C. there D. what 10. B.①The town is no longer the one_______ it was 10 years ago, _______ it was quite dirty. D.②The town is no longer ______ it was 10 years ago; _______ it was quite dirty.

that与what引导名词性从句的区别

that与what引导名词性从句的区别 that引导名词性从句只起连接作用,在从句中不作任何成分,无意义,在宾语从句通常省略,但在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中均不能省略;what除引导从句外,还在从句中作成分,意为“所……的(东西)”,在含义上等于“名词+that”。如: 1. 用that的例子 That she lacks experience is obvious. 她缺少经验,这是显然的。 The police learned that he wasn’t there at that time. 警察获知他那时不在场。 He realized that she too was exhausted. 他意识到她也精疲力尽。 My idea is that you shouldn’t have left the country. 我的意见是你不应该离开那个国家。 Bob has the mistaken idea that tomorrow is a holiday. 鲍勃错误地认为明天是一个假日。 It was quite plain that he didn’t want to come. 很明显他不想来。 It is natural that they should have different views. 他们看法不同是很自然的。 2. 用what的例子 What (=The thing that) he said was true. 他所讲的是事实。 What he had hoped at last came true. 他希望的事终于成为现实。 What he said is beneath contempt. 他说的话不值一理。 What he says is true, possibly. 或许他说的是对的。 What she saw gave her a fright. 她看到的情况吓了她一跳。 What I want to say is this. 我想说的是这一点。 I’m sorry for what I said. 我为我说的话表示歉意。 That’s what I want to know. 这是我想知道的。 You had better hear what I have to say. 你最好听听我的意见。 I managed to get what I wanted. 我设法得到了我要的东西。 It was what he meant rather than what he said. 这是他的原意而不是他的原话。 There’s something in what he says. 他的话有些道理。 Her interest was roused by what he said. 他的话引起了她的兴趣。 He was always conscious of the fact that she did not approve of what he was doing. 他一向清楚她不太赞成他的做法。 注:that 可引导同位语从句,what不能。如: Have you any idea what time it starts? 你知道什么时候开始吗?

区别形容词性从句与名词性从句

形容词性从句Vs名词性从句 形容词性从句也称为定语从句,因为形容词通常作定语,修饰一个名词(即先行词),从句的引导词叫做关系代词或关系副词。如: 1.I have been to the factory(that)you visited last year.(我去了你们去年参观的那个工 厂。) 【先行词是factory,关系代词是that,在从句中作visited的宾语,可以省略,从句通常翻译成“……的”。】 2.I have been to the factory where there are500workers.(我去了那家有500个工人的 工厂。) 【先行词同上,关系副词是where,在从句中作地点状语,也可以翻译成“……的”。】 上两例所含定语从句属于限定性的,而非限定性定语从句则起到补充说明的作用。如:https://www.360docs.net/doc/612333335.html,st week,I wrote a letter to my father,who is now in the United States.(上周我写了 一封信给我爸爸;他目前在美国。) 【解释:因为我的爸爸只有一个,没有必要再限定了,所以“他目前在美国”仅仅是一个补充说明。】 对比一下: 4.My sister who is working in Beijing came to see me yesterday.【限定性,意味着我有 不止一个姐姐】 5.My sister,who is working in Beijing,came to see me yesterday.【非限定性,意味着我 只有一个姐姐】 名词性从句包括:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。 主语从句在句子中作主语,且位于句首。如: 6.That he often fails in exams makes his parents worried. 【主句的谓语动词是makes,它前面的成份作主语,而且是一个完整的句子,由that 引导,that不能省略。】 注意:主语从句如果是个陈述句,引导词就用that;如果是疑问句,则不需要that。如:7.What he said is unbelievable.(他说的话令人难以置信。) 宾语从句在句子中作宾语,可以是动词的宾语,也可以是介词的宾语。如: 8.The teacher suggested(that)we(should)write an English composition every week. 【动词suggested后面的成份作宾语,且是一个完整的句子,由that引导,that可以省略,should通常省略。】 9.The boy was interested in whatever he saw here. 【介词in后面的成份作宾语,且是一个完整的句子,由whatever引导,whatever 同时作saw的宾语,不能省略。】 注意:宾语从句的引导词也不固定。 表语从句在句子中作表语,和系动词构成系表结构。如: 10.The teacher’s suggestion is that we write an English composition every week. 【系动词is后面的成份作表语,且是一个完整的句子,由that引导,that不能省略。】

定语从句和名词性从句的区别.

定语从句和名词性从句的区别 从句是指用于复合句中担当某个句子成分的主谓结构。虽说从句自身的句子结构是完整的,但是它不能视为独立的句子,因为它离开了主语就无法独立、完整地表达意思。按其所能表达的意义而言,它相当于一个词或是一个词组. 按从句的句子功能划分(也就是按从句在句子中所担任的成分来划分),从句可分为:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句。 ★概念区别 定语从句:由一个句子作定语修饰句子中一个名词或代词,有时也可以修饰整个句子或句子中部分内容,这样的从句就是定语从句,被其修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 名词性从句:在句子中起名词作用的各种从句,称为名词性从句,这类从句分为主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句。 ★定语从句与名词性从句在句子结构和形式结构上基本相同,都能在名词和代词互分,且者都有相同的引导词如that,which,who等。在这里我仅就名词性从句的难点同位语从句与定语从句相区别,我们就以以下几个方面将其区别下来。 1. 从词类上区别 同位语从句前面的名词只能是 idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibility,promi se,order等有一定内涵的名词?而定语从句的先行词可以是名词?代词?主句的一部分或是整个主句?如: The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed. (同位语从句) We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting.(同位语从句) Word came that he had been abroad. (同位语从句) Our team has won the game, which made us very happy. 我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴?(定语从句) The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room. 你找的那位医生在房间里面?(定语从句) His mother did all she could to help him with his study.他妈妈尽她的最大努力帮助他的学习?(定语从句,代词all作先行词?) 2. 从性质上区别 定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是 从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴。如:

各类名词性从句区别

英语基础语法——名词性从句 一、名词性从句的基本概念 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句,包括作主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。 (1)主语从句 就是在复合句中作主语的从句。主语从句常用that, whether, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why, whatever, whoever等引导。如: Whether he will be able to come remains a question.他是否来还是问题。 That China is a great socialist country is well known.众所周知,中国是一个伟大的社会主义国家。 注:为避免头重脚轻,使句子平衡,常用it作形式主语,而将主语从句后置。如上述第二例常说成: It is well known that China is a great socialist country. 但是,由连接代词what, whatever, whoever等引导的主语从句一般不能用形式主语。如:What he found surprised me greatly.他的发现使我非常吃惊。 Whoever is finished may rest.凡是做完工的人都可以休息。 (2)表语从句 就是在连系动词之后作表语的从句。引导表语从句的连接除与引导主语从句的连接词外,还有as if,as though。如: The question is whether he is able to do it alone.问题是他能否单独做这件事。 It looks as if (though) it is going to snow.天好像要下雪似的。 注意:要区分以下句式: 1.that’s why+结果;that’s because+原因。 2.the reason why /for…is that… He is absent. That’s because he is ill.他缺席,这是因为他生病了。 He is ill. That’s why he is absent.他病了,这就是他缺席的原因。 The reason why he is absent is that he is ill.他缺席的原因是他生病了。 (3)宾语从句 就是在复合句中作宾语的从句。引导这宾语从句的连接词与引导主语从句的连接词基本相同。如:

名词性从句的各种区别

whether 和if引导名词性从句的区别 两者均可用于及物动词后引导宾语从句,表示“是否”,常可互换。但除此(用于动词后引导宾语从句)之外,在其他情况下表示“是否”时,通常要用whether 而不用if,如用于引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、让步状语从句、与or连用分别引导两个分句等,或用于不定式前、用于介词后、直接与or not 连用等等。如: Ask him whether [if] he can come. 问他能不能来。 The question is whether he can do it. 问题是他能不能做。 Answer my question whether you can help him. 回答我你是否能帮助他。 It depends on whether the letter arrives in time. 这取决于信是否来得及时。 注:在某些动词后(如discuss 等) 通常只用whether。如: We discussed whether we should hold a meeting. 我们讨论了是否要开一个会。 that与what引导名词性从句的区别 that引导名词性从句只起连接作用,在从句中不作任何成分,无意义,在宾语从句通常省略,但在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中均不能省略;what除引导从句外,还在从句中作成分,意为“所……的(东西)”,在含义上等于“名词+that”。如: 1. 用that的例子 That she lacks experience is obvious. The police learned that he wasn’t there at that time. My idea is that you shouldn’t have left the country. Bob has the mistaken idea that tomorrow is a holiday. 2. 用what的例子 What (=The thing that) he said was true. 他所讲的是事实。 What he had hoped at last came true. 他希望的事终于成为现实。 What he said is beneath contempt. 他说的话不值一理。 I’m sorry for what I said. 我为我说的话表示歉意。 That’s what I want to know. 这是我想知道的。

名词性从句与定语从句的区别

名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses)。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 定语从句 定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分,定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。状语从句分为时间状语从句,结果状语从句,让步状语从句,原因状语从句,条件状语从句以及行为方式状语从句。名词从句包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句及there be 句型 名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的连接词按其在从句中所起的作用分为: 1)连接代词:who(-ever), what(-ever), which(-ever), whom(-ever), whose 2)连接副词:when, where, why, how 3)连接词:that, whether, if 连接代词和连接副词在从句中充当一定的句子成分,而连接词在从句中不充当句子成分,只起连接作用。1.主语从句 在主句中充当主语的从句叫主语从句,它位于主句的谓语动词之前。但实际使用中常用it作形式主语,而把主语从句移到主句之后。例如: Who will go makes no difference. It makes no difference who will go. That she was able to come made us very happy. It made us happy that she was able to come. 注意:由what, whoever, whatever, whichever引导的主语从句一般不后置。 2.表语从句 位于主句中系动词之后,在主句中充当表语的从句叫表语从句。例如: One advantage of living in the country is that one can get close to nature. His mother was ill and he had to look after her. That was why he was late. 表语从句常见于be动词之后,有时见于look之后;引导表语从句的连接词除前面所列的常用词之外,还可由because, as if/though引出。例如: He was late. That was because he had to look after his sick mother. (=The reason was that he had to look after his sick mother.) It looks as if/though it is going to rain. They looked as if/though they had been friends for many years. 3.宾语从句 在主句中位于及物动词之后或少数介词之后、充当主句宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句中的that通常可以省略。例如: I doubt whether/if he will be against the idea. She will write a book on how young mother should raise their babies. I know nothing about him except that he lives next door. 当及物动词后跟两个(或两个以上)的宾语从句时,只有第一个that可以省去,后面从句中的that通常不省去。如: He said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.

名词性从句之异同

,在英语阅读 有其许多相似之处,也有一些明显之区别。 一.名词性从句的相同之处 1.关连词相同 A)连词 that,whether B)连接代词 who,what,which,whose C)连接副词 when,where,why,how 2.名词性从句均不能用逗号和主句分开。 名词性从句相同句法结构表

主语从句: 1.主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常用以it作形式主语的句型有: 1)It + be + 形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good,

wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, quite clear, unusual, etc.) + that从句。 如: It is certain that she will do well in her exam. It is probable that he told her everything. 2)It + be + 名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.) + that从句。 如: It's a pity that we can't go. It's no surprise that our team should have won the game. 3)It + be + 过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.) + that从句。 如: It is said that Mr Green has arrived in Beijing. It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit. 4)It + seem, happen等不及物动词及短语+ that从句。 如: It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all. It happened that I was out that day. 5)It + doesn't matter(makes no difference, etc.) + 连接代词或连 接副词引起的主语从句。 如: It doesn't matter whether she will come or not. It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting. 6)当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时,要以it作形式主语而把 主语从句后置。 如: Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week? Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow? 2.连接代词whoever、whatever、whichever可引导主语从句。 例: Whoever comes will be welcome. Whatever he did was right. Whichever of you comes in will receive a prize. 宾语从句: 1.如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语而将宾语从句后 置。 如:We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday. He has made it clear that he will not give in. 2.作介词的宾语 连词that引导的名词从句很少作介词的宾语,只在except, but, besides介词后偶尔看到。其他一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词that引 导,则需用it先行一步,作形式宾语。

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