中学英语教学法(陈道明)【突破讲义英语考试资料】
《中学英语》教材教法复习题
中学英语教材教法一、选择题 (1 ×50=50)5.普通语言学可以帮助人们认识和掌握英语教学的 B 。
A.方法和机能B.目的和一般规律C.难点和重点D.母语和英语的关系7.理解和全面贯彻 A 是完成英语教学任务的根本保证。
A.英语教学原则B.英语教学目标C.英语教学模式D.英语教学方法8.社会语言学为 D 的产生奠定了理论基础。
A.任务型教学法B.听说法C.认知法D.交际法10.要尽量让学生在 B 中学英语、听英语、说英语、读英语、写英语和用英语。
A.课堂教学B.真实情景C.老师讲解D.听说读写11.在我们提倡和推进听、说、读、写综合训练的同时，还应当侧重培养学生的__C _。
A.倾听能力B.表达能力C.阅读能力D.写作能力12.中国英语教学要坚持C 的教学原则。
A.利用本族语B.控制使用本族语C.利用和控制使用本族语D.完全使用英语13.课堂教学要增加语言实践活动的D，提高效率，以减轻学生的课外负担。
A.丰富性B.深入性C.活泼性D.广度和深度14.为学生提供更多的阅读或独立理解材料应该是 D 。
A.已经学过的B.简单熟悉的C.难度较高的D.能够理解又略高于现有能力的15.语言输出的能力就是学生对所学语言进行 A 的能力。
A.复用、表达B.理解、认识C.翻译、阅读D.听说、写作16．在课程所包括的教材、教师、学生、环境这几个要素中， D 是最重要的因素。
A.教材和环境B.教师C.学生D.教师与学生17．在英语的听、说、读、写这四种技能中， B 于接受技能，_________产出技能。
A.听和说，读和写B.听和读，说和写C.读和说，听合写D.听，说、读和写18.新课程的基本理念之一是突出 D 主体，尊重学生个体差异。
A.教师B.教材C.课程D.学生19.形成性评价应是 C 评价方式。
A.由教师对学生的平时学习和考试所做的一种B.由学生对自己的平时学习以及对所参加的考试结果所做的C.由教师、学生、家长共同参与的D.由学校领导、教师、家长共同参与的20.《英语课程标准》倡导 _ A，倡导学生积极参与教学过程。
(0161)《中学英语教学法》复习思考题
（0161）《中学英语教学法》复习思考题一、判断正误题（8分）The following statements are about the facts presented in the textbook, please indicate in the brackets before the statements whether they are true( T ) or ( F ).( ) 1. Role play and improvisation are social interaction activities.( ) 2. Discovering missing information and discovering differences and following directions are all functional communicative activities.( ) 3. Stress in pronunciation is sometimes as important as grammar.( ) 4. Students need to be able to write phonetic transcripts of words.( ) 5. Adult learners need to focus on pronunciation, but young learners don‟t.( ) 6. Students need to know phonetics in order to learn English.( ) 7. Students need to be given detailed grammar rules if they are to learn a foreign language successfully.( ) 8. If the students get enough chance to practise using a foreign language, they do not need to learn grammar.( ) 9. Teaching and learning grammar should focus on practice rather than the study of grammar itself.( ) 10. Grammar should be taught an practised in context.( ) 11. The best way to explain vocabulary is to translate.( ) 12. Words must be learned in language contexts.( ) 13. Knowing a word means that you know the pronunciation and meaning of it.( ) 14. Students‟ errors are a very useful way of showing what they have and have not lear nt. So instead of seeing errors negatively, asa sign of failure, we see them positively as an indication of what we still need to teach.( ) 15. Testing implies evaluation based on a collection of information about what students know and can do.( ) 16. Classroom climate is strongly affected by the teachers‟ attitude and behaviour.( ) 17. In the Communicative Approach, a teacher is described as an “instructor” and students as “listeners” in class.( ) 18. The students‟ native language has no particular role in the Communicative Approach. The target language should be used not only during communicative activities, but also in explaining the activities to the students or in assigning homework.( ) 19. Words which we want students to understand, but which they will not need to use themselves. We call this passive vocabulary.( ) 20. Students‟ errors are a sign of failure, so we must correct every mistake they make.( ) 21. Culture is received greater attention in the Communicative Approach.( ) 22. Spoken language is generally produced in informal, simple or commonvocabulary.() 23. All new words in a lesson are equally important.( ) 24.Classroom climate is strongly affected by both the teachers‟ attitude and the students‟ behavior.( ) 25. V ocabulary can be divided into productive and receptive.( ) 26. Communicative competence refers to knowledge of the grammar and vocabulary of the language.( ) 27. Post-reading work usually contributes to the development of all the language skills and may involve using other skills than just reading.( ) 28. Written language is generally produced in fairly simple sentence structures.( ) 29. In the Communicative Approach, both teachers and students have multiple roles.( ) 30. Spoken language is sometimes produced in incomplete sentences.( )31. The skill practised in the pre-reading stage is anticipation.( ) 32. Communicative activities can be divided into functional communicative activities and social interaction activities.( ) 33. One way to teach reading is following the framework: presentation, practice and production. Each stage has a different goal and deals with different reading strategies.( ) 34. Students are given the structure in context and are asked to work out the rule for themselves. They are given guidance from t he teacher in using evidence from the context to work out the usage of the structure. This is called the inductive method.( ) 35. Reading is an active process, during which the reader tries to understand the meaning of a given text.( )36. If the aim of activity is to check that students can use the verbs correctly, you have to correct any major errors, especially those involving the verbs you have taught, or the activity will lose its point.( ) 37. The skill practised in the pre-reading stage is inference.( ) 38. Words which we want students to understand, but which they will not need to use themselves. We call this active vocabulary.( ) 39. The typical example of functional communication activities is role play.( ) 40. The target language should be used not only during communicative activities, but also in explaining the activities to the students or in assigning homework.( ) 41. Y ou glance quickly through a text in order to find a specific piece of information, this skill is called scanning.( ) 42. Types of mistakes are slips, errors and attempts.( ) 43. The language you are learning is called target language.( ) 44. There is an important difference between assessment and testing.( ) 45. In many cases the term “materials” is used in place of “textbooks”, which refers to anything that is used by teachers or students to facilitate the learning of a language.( ) 46. It‟s unnecessary for teachers to know how to evaluate, select and adapt textbooks.( ) 47. It is clearly whether someone can become a good language teacher solely depends on his/her command of the language.( ) 48. Foreign Language Teaching Methodology is a science which studies the processes and patterns of foreign language teaching, aiming at revealing the nature and laws of foreign language teaching.( ) 49. According to the Grammar Translation Methods, the spoken form of language is the most important aspect of language.( ) 50. Interactional view sees language as a linguistic system but also as a means for doing things.( ) 51. Functional view considers language as a communicative tool, whose main use is to build up and maintain social relations between people.( ) 52. Students are given the opportunities to use the newly presented language items in a controlled framework. This may be done by drills, or by repeating parts of the dialogue presented in the first stage. This stage is intended to develop accuracy skills.This describes the presentation stage.( ) 53. When reading a text, I start by predicting the probable meaning, then I get to read and understand the words and phrases in the text to check whether that is really what the writer means. Sometimes I go the other way round. That‟s to say, I combinethe above 2 ways in my reading. This is the interactive model.( ) 54. Learners have the opportunity to integrate the new language items with the old through activities that give free and extensive expression aimed at developing fluency skills. This refers to the production stage.( ) 55. I usually start reading a text by recognising words, word connections, and phrase patterns as well as sentence pat terns, then I can rapidly and automatically get meaning from the text. This is the top-down model.( ) 56. When reading a text, I first identify the topic, purpose and structure of the text, then I make guesses, predictions during reading. In this way, I create meaning from the text as a whole. This is the bottom-up model.( ) 57. Structural view sees language as a lin guistic system made up of various subsystems. To learn a language means to learn these structural items so as to be able to understand and produce language.( ) 58. 语言技能包括听、说、读、写四个方面的技能以及四种技能的综合运用能力。
《中学英语教材教法》复习题库及答案
中学英语教材教法一、选择题(1×50=50)5.普通语言学可以帮助人们认识和掌握英语教学的______。
A.方法和机能B. 目的和一般规律C. 难点和重点D. 母语和英语的关系7.理解和全面贯彻______是完成英语教学任务的根本保证。
A. 英语教学原则B. 英语教学目标C. 英语教学模式D. 英语教学方法8.社会语言学为_____的产生奠定了理论基础。
A.任务型教学法B. 听说法C. 认知法D. 交际法10.要尽量让学生在____中学英语、听英语、说英语、读英语、写英语和用英语。
A. 课堂教学B. 真实情景C. 老师讲解D. 听说读写11.在我们提倡和推进听、说、读、写综合训练的同时，还应当侧重培养学生的______。
A. 倾听能力B. 表达能力C. 阅读能力D. 写作能力12.中国英语教学要坚持_____的教学原则。
A. 利用本族语B. 控制使用本族语C. 利用和控制使用本族语D. 完全使用英语13.课堂教学要增加语言实践活动的____，提高效率，以减轻学生的课外负担。
A. 丰富性B. 深入性C. 活泼性D. 广度和深度14.为学生提供更多的阅读或独立理解材料应该是_______。
A. 已经学过的B. 简单熟悉的C. 难度较高的D. 能够理解又略高于现有能力的15.语言输出的能力就是学生对所学语言进行______的能力。
A. 复用、表达B. 理解、认识C. 翻译、阅读D. 听说、写作16．在课程所包括的教材、教师、学生、环境这几个要素中，_____是最重要的因素。
A. 教材和环境B. 教师C. 学生D. 教师与学生17．在英语的听、说、读、写这四种技能中，_____ 于接受技能，_________产出技能。
A. 听和说，读和写B. 听和读，说和写C. 读和说，听合写D. 听，说、读和写18. 新课程的基本理念之一是突出____主体，尊重学生个体差异。
A. 教师B. 教材C. 课程D. 学生19. 形成性评价应是____评价方式。
《王蔷英语教法》PPT课件.ppt
（3）导学课
• 共四次导学课 • 语音教学系统地址： http://218.19.140.194/main/index.jhtml • 可以通过网院主页 /index.html 左下方的“华师在线语音教学系统”进 入。
（4） BBS （ “交流园地”或“课程交流” ）
内容
2、本课程的学习内容
Language and (language) Learning
Communicative Principles and Activities（and Task-Based Language Teaching） The National English Curriculum Lesson Planning Classroom Management Teaching Pronunciation Teaching Grammar Teaching Vocabulary
网络课件中的内容
• 课件中的主要内容：
– 精讲课：视频录像 + PPT – 期末考试模拟试题（附答案）两套 – 课外阅读材料（参考资料）。
关于网络课件中“课外阅读”的 材料
• 网络课件中“课外阅读”的材料内容不 会作为考试题目的知识点，但： • 建议同学们，尤其是已经在当英语教师 的同学们，要在适当的时候阅读，这对 英语教学实践和教研将有裨益。
The structural view
Sentences phrases Words Morphemes (the smallest meaningful unit) Phonemes (the smallest unit)
Top
The structural view
Syntactic system (phrases & sentences) …
初中英语教材教法考试复习资料
初中英语教材教法考试复习资料第一讲2011年修改版初中英语课程标准第一部分前言当今世界正处在大发展和大调整的变革时期，呈现出世界多极化和经济全球化的发展态势。
作为一个和平发展的大国，中国承担着重要的历史使命和国际责任。
英语作为全球使用最广泛的语言之一，已经成为国际交往和文化科技交流的重要工具，也是使中国更好地了解世界、使世界更好地了解中国的主要桥梁。
同时，英语对我国的社会发展、经济建设和科技进步也具有很重要作用。
因此，我国在义务教育阶段开设英语课程有利于提高整体国民素养，促进科技创新和跨文化人才的培养，提升我国的国际竞争力和国际交流能力。
在义务教育阶段开设英语课程对青少年未来发展具有重要意义。
学习英语不仅有利于他们更好地了解世界，学习先进的科学文化知识，传播中国文化，增进与各国青少年的相互沟通和理解，还能为青少年提供更多的接受教育的选择和职业发展机会。
学习英语能帮助他们形成开放包容的性格，发展跨文化交流的意识与能力，促进思维发展，形成正确的价值观和良好的人文素养。
学习英语能够为学生未来参与知识创新和科技创新储备能力，也能为他们未来更好地适应世界的多极化、经济的全球化、社会的信息化奠定基础。
一、课程性质义务教育阶段的英语课程具有工具性和人文性双重性质。
就工具性而言，英语课程承担培养学生基本英语素养的任务，即学生通过英语课程掌握基本的英语语言知识，发展基本的英语听说读写技能，形成用英语与他人交流的能力，为今后继续学习英语和用英语学习其他相关科学文化知识奠定基础。
就人文性而言，英语课程承担着提高学生综合人文素养的任务，即学生通过英语课程能够开阔视野，丰富生活经历，发展跨文化意识，促进创新思维，形成良好品格和正确价值观，为终身学习奠定基础。
二、基本理念（一）注重素质教育，充分体现语言学习对学生发展的价值义务教育阶段英语课程的首要目的是为学生发展综合语言运用能力打基础，为他们继续学习英语和未来职业选择创造有利条件。
中学英语教学法
8.2 What do we listen to in everyday life?
• Since we are teaching our students English not only to help them pass exams, but also to prepare them to use English in real life, it is important to think about the situations they will listen to English in real life and then think about the listening exercises we do in class.
中学英语教学法 Unit 8 Teaching Listening
主讲教师：陈道明 （华南师范大学外文学院）
Unit 8 Teaching Listening
Issues for discussion: 1. Why is listening so difficult for students? 2. What do we listen to in everyday life? 3. What are the characteristics of the listening process? 4. What are the principles of teaching listening? 5. What are the common activities in teaching listening?
Reasons why listening is often neglected in language teaching
• • • • Lack of teaching materials; Lack of equipment; Lack of training in how to use the equipment; Listening is not included on many important tests; • Lack of real-life situations where language learners need to understand spoken English; • Lessons tend to test rather than to train student’ listening skills.
中学英语教学法 Unit 9 Teaching Speaking
Advantages of using group work
• More opportunities. As compared with activities for the whole class, group work enables students to talk a lot because it increases the time for each student to practise speaking in one lesson. • More motivation. Group work helps students avoid losing their face in front of a whole class, and thus it makes students courageous to speak. • -
• High motivቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱtion
– Interesting topic, and clear objective. Make sure that the task is in line with the students’ ability
• Right language level -
• Right language level
9.3 Using group work in speaking tasks
• For organizing group work, please refer to 4.2 of Unit 4, on Pages 40-42. • In 4.2 of Unit 4, four ways of organizing classroom activities are mentioned: Lockstep, Pair work, Group work, and Individual study (p. 40)
中学英语教学法 第二次导学课4
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 中学英语教学法第二次导学课4 中学英语教学法第二次导学课主讲：陈道明（华南师范大学外文学院）chendm@1/ 55学习建议1. 要利用网络课件学习； 2. 要在线听“导学课”（共四次），或通过学习中心下导学课的录像(也可以在我给你们开的公共邮箱gdchendm@下载) ，重看录像； 3. 在BBS（交流园地）的“资源区”上下载“导学课”的 PPT ，复习PPT上的内容； 4. 学习《英语教学法教程》的相关章节； 5. 在BBS上下载“自测题”，解压，做题。
理解题目的意思；6. 经常访问BBS，提出问题，参与讨论； 7. 按时完成网上作业。
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 第二次导学课内容? Task-based Language Teaching ? Teaching Pronunciation ? Teaching Grammar ? Teaching Vocabulary3/ 55Task-based Language Teaching (TBLT)---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ Approach and MethodApproachMethod 1 Method 2 Method X5/ 55Communicative ApproachCLTTBLT/TBL---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ What is a “task”?According to M. H. Long (1985:89): A task is “ a piece of work for oneself or forothers, freely or for some reward.” e.g. painting a fence; dressing a child; filling outa form; buying a pair of shoes; making an airline reservation; borrowing a library book; taking a driving test; typing a letter; weighing a patient; sorting letters; taking a hotel reservation; writing a cheque; finding a street destination; helping someone across a road; etc.7/ 55Pedagogical tasks def ined by David Nunan (1989: 8) :… a piece of classroom work which involves learners in comprehending, manipulating, producing or interacting in the target language while their attention is principally focused on meaning rather than form.---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ Will, J. (1996: 23)? Tasks are activities where the target language is used by the learner for a communicative purpose (goal) in order to achieve an outcome.9/ 55Clark, Scarino and Brownell (1994:40):Four main components of a task? A purpose: a reason for undertaking the task.? A context: can be real simulated or imaginary (location, participants, time, etc.)? A process: to use learning strategies (problem solving, reasoning, inquiring, conceptualising, communicating, etc.)? A product: some form of outcome, visible (a written plan, a play, a letter, etc.) or invisible (enjoying a story, learning about another country, etc.)---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ Exercises, exercise-tasks, and tasks? Tasks: focusing on the complete act of communication.? Exercises: focusing on individual aspects of language, such as vocabulary, grammar or individual skills.? Exercise-tasks: halfway between tasks and exercises.11/ 55A taskA dangerous momentStudent AHave you ever been in a situation where you felt you life was in danger? Describe the situation to your partner. Tell him/her what happened. Give an account of how you felt when you were in danger and afterwards.Student BListen to your partner’s narration about a dangerous moment in his/her life. Draw a picture to show what happened to your partner. Show him/her your picture when you have finished it.---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ An exerciseGoing shoppingLook at Mary’s shopping list. Then look at the list of items in Abdullah’s store.Mary’s shopping list1. oranges 2. eggs 3. flour 4. powdered milk5. biscuits6. jamAbdullah’s store1. bread 2. salt 3. apples 4. Coca Cola5. tins of fish 6. four 7. chocolate 8. sugar9. curry powder 10. biscuits 11. powdered milk 12. dried beansWork with a partner. One person be Mary and the other be Abdullah. Make conversations like this:Mary: Good morning. Do you have any flour?Abdullah: Yes, I do.OrMary: Good morning. Do you have any jam?Abdullah: No, I’m sorry. I don’t have any.13/ 55PPP and TBLT---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ Jane Willis’ (1996) TBL frameworkTask cycleLanguage focus15/ 55---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ Task cycleTaskPlanningReportSs do the task, in pairs or smallgroups.T monitors from a distance.Ss prepare to report to the whole class (orally or in writing) how they did thetask, what they decided or discovered.Some groups present their reports to the class, or exchange written reports, and compare results.Ss may now hear a recording of others doing a similar task and compare how they all did it.17/ 55Language focusAnalysisSs examine and discussspecific features of thetext or transcript of the recording.AnalysissT conducts practice of new words, phrasesand patterns occurring in thedata, either during or afterthe analysis.---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ Task cycleTask Planning ReportSs hear task recording or read textLanguage focusAnalysis & practice: Review & repeat task.PPP Presentation of single ‘new’ itemPractice of new item: drills exercises, dialogue practiceProduction Activity, role play or task to encourage ‘free’ use of L.19/ 55Teaching Pronunciation (Unit 6)? Components of pronunciation ? The goal of teaching pronunciation ? Practising pronunciation---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ Components of pronunciation1. Simple sounds 2. Stress 3. Intonation 4. Rhythm21/ 55What should we teach whenteaching pronunciation?? We should pay attention to the distinction between pronunciation and phonetics.? The teaching of pronunciation should focus on the students’ability to identify and produce English sounds themselves. Students should NOT be led to focus on reading and writing phonetic transcripts of words, especially young students.? Introduction to phonetic rules should be avoided at the beginning stage.? Stress and intonation should be taught from the very beginning.---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ The goal of teaching pronunciationThe realistic goals: 1. Consistency: Be smooth and natural.(连贯性)（fluency） 2. Intelligibility: Be understandable.(可辨认性，可理解性) 3. Communicative efficiency: Convey themeaning that is intended.（交际的有效性）23/ 55Practising pronunciation? Mechanical practice and Meaningful practice? Perception practice and Production practice---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ Mechanical practice? Pronunciation is difficult to teach without drills on sounds.? However, drilling an individual sound for more than a few minutes a time may be boring and demotivating.? Sometimes we can make mechanical practice, i.e. drilling, more interesting and motivating, e.g. by playing games.25/ 55Meaningful practice? It is important to combine drilling pronunciation exercises with more meaningful exercises. e.g.1. A polliwog looks for his mom.2. A card game: What can you see?---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ Perception practiceAim: to develop the ability to identify and distinguish between different soundsWays of perception practice: ? Using minimal pairs: will, well; till, tell; fill, fell ? Which order? 1. bear 2. tear 3. ear ? Same or different? met, meet; well, well; well, will ? Odd man out: bit, bit, bit, pit ? Completion: ate, ate, ate, ate, ate, …27/ 55Production practiceAim: to develop the ability to produce soundsWays of production practice:? Listen and repeat.? Fill in the blanks by saying words containing certain sounds. (p.55)? Make up sentences. e.g. last, fast, calm, dark…? Use meaningful context, e.g. role play the dialogue? Use pictures. (p.56) This is old Jack. He has a black cat…? Use tong ue twisters. (p.56) She sells seashells on the seashore. Five wives drank five bottles of fine wine.---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ Some essentials of teaching pronunciation? Create a pleasant, relaxed, and dynamic classroom.? Use gestures. ? Build-up Students’ confidence. ? Bring variety to the classroom, e.g. Br. &Am. ? Use demo rather than explanation. ? Use visual aids.29/ 55Teaching Grammar (Unit 7)? Grammar presentation methods? Grammar practice---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ Grammar presentation methods? The deductive method ? The inductive method31/ 55The deductive method? The deductive method relies on reasoning, analysing and comparing.The deductive method is criticized because:? Grammar is taught in an isolated way; ? Little attention is paid to meaning; ? The practice is often mechanical.---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ Merits of the deductive method? It could be very successful with selected and motivated students.? It could save time when students are confronted with a grammar rule which is complex but which has to be learned.? It may help to increase student’confidence in those examinations which are written with accuracy as the main criterion of success.33/ 55The inductive method? In the inductive method, the teacher induces the learners to realise grammar rules without any form of explicit explanation.? It is believed that the rules will become evident if the students are given enough appropriate examples.? It is believed that the inductive method is more effective in that(=because) students discover the grammar rules themselves while engaged in language use.---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ Distinction between Deduction and Induction ingrammar teaching? Deductive teaching ? Inductive teachinge.g.e.g.e.g.Rulee.g.e.g.Rulee.g.e.g. e.g.35/ 55Usually no clear-cut distinction? In practice, the distinction between the deductive method and the inductive method is not always apparent.---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ Grammar practiceAccording to Ur, 6 factors contribute to successful practice.37/ 55According to Ur, 6 factorscontribute to successful practice? Pre-learning.（预习） Learners benefit from clear perception and short-term memory of the new language.? Volume and repetition. （反复复习）The more exposure to or production of language the learners have, the more likely they are to learn.? Success-orientation. （成功感）Practice is most effective when based on successful practice.? Heterogeneity. （水平要求的多样性）Practice should be able to elicit different sentences and generate different levels of answers from different learners.? Teacher assistance. （教师的辅助）The teacher should provide suggestions, hints and prompts.? Interest : （趣味性）an essential feature that is closely related to concentration---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ Grammar practice? Mechanical practice ? Meaningful practice39/ 55Mechanical practiceMechanical practice involves activities that are aimed at form accuracy.e.g. ? Substitution, and ? Transformation drills---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ Meaningful practice? In meaningful practice the focus is on the production, comprehension or exchange of meaning, though the students “keep an eye on” the way newly learned structures are used in the process.? e.g.:41/ 55Pair work: Look at the table below. Rank the itemson the left column according to the criteria listed on the top.Cheap Healthy Tasty Fattening ImportantBeer Water FruitCigarettesAlcohol Milk---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ There is no clear-cut distinction between mechanical practice and meaningful practice.e.g. Chain of events? If I went for a sail, there might be a storm.? If there were a storm, my yacht would sink.? If my yacht sank, I would die. ? If I died, my parents would cry. ?…43/ 55Some forms of meaningful practice? Using prompts for practice–Picture, mime or gestures, information sheets, key phrase or key words, chained phrases for story telling? Using created situations: for simulative communication (role-play). e.g.–Your are a stranger in this town. … – There was a robbery yesterday in theneighbourhood. …---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ Some suggestions about teaching grammar1. Teach only those rules that are simple and typical.2. Teach useful and important grammar points. 3. Teach grammar in context. 4. Use visible instruments such as charts,tables, diagrams, maps, drawings, and realia (pl. of realis) to aid understanding; 5. Avoid difficult grammatical terminologies as much as possible. 6. Allow enough opportunities for practice. 7. Live with the students’ mistakes and errors.45/ 55Teaching Vocabulary (Unit 8)? Presenting new words ? Consolidating vocabulary ? Developing vocabulary buildingstrategies---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ Presenting new wordsSome suggestions: ? Provide creative examples. ? Elicit meaning from the students before tellingthem. ? Use related words such as synonyms, antonymsetc. to show the meaning. ? Think about how to check students’understanding. ? Relate the new word(s) to real life context(s). ? Predict possible misunderstanding or confusion.47/ 55Some more suggested ways? Use pictures, diagrams and maps to show the meaning;? Use realia (plural of realis); ? Use pantomimes or actions; ? Use lexical sets;e.g. cook, fry, boil, bake, grill, roast ? Translate and exemplify, esp. with technicalor abstract words; ? Use word formation rules and common affixes.e.g. deduction, induction---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ How do we teach the new words, e.g., 20 new words, in a unit of atextbook?? Do we teach all the 20 word at a time in an isolated way, i.e., without context? or:? Do we use context and allow the new words to occur in a natural way?49/ 55A possible way? Before reading the text: T: We are going to read a story about NelsonMandela, the first black president of South Africa. Which of the following words do you think may be used in the story? prison, rights, violence, lawyer, youth, league, position, matter, fact, president; vote, accept; continue black, equal, poor, young, wrong, worried Make a guess.。