同位语从句与定语从句
同位语从句和定语从句的区别是什么 如何区分
同位语从句和定语从句的区别是什么如何区分定语从句对先行词起修饰限定作用,有主次关系,先行词可为任何名词.同位语从句和前面的名词是并列关系,前面的名词一般包含着内容,如NEWS.定语从句引导词在从句中充当某种句子成分,同位语从句引导词在从句中不担当任何成分.同位语从句和定语从句的区别1同位语从句和定语从句的区别一，作用不同：同位语从句是解释说明名词的具体内容。
定语从句没有说明名词的具体内容，而是修饰某个名词或者代词。
二，可用同位语从句说明的名词大多数是抽象名词，主要有news , idea, fact, belief, question, truth, word(消息), doubt, evidence，order(命令）。
而定语从句所修饰的词既可以是抽象名词，也可以是具体的名词。
既可以是名词，也可以是those，anything，anybody，all这样的代词。
三，从句引导词不同：一般情况下，引导同位语从句的词主要是that。
当名词是question或者problem的特殊情况下，用于提问的疑问词一般都可以用在同位语从句中。
这包括：which, who, where, when, what , why等疑问词。
而定语从句中，一般情况下，that，which ，who，where ，where，why ，how等都可以引导定语从句。
2如何区分同位语从句和定语从句如果名词后的that从句是完整的，就是同位语从句；如果从句缺少主语或宾语，就是定语从句。
That从句在所有名词性从句中，都只是连接主从句的连词，没有任何意义，不在从句中充当句子成分；That从句在定语从句中是关系代词，不但连接主从句，还要指代被修饰的名词和代词（即先行词）在从句中做主语或宾语，也就是说定语从句中必定少个主语或宾语！。
同位语从句与定语从句
同位语从句与定语从句同位语从句和定语从句一样通常都放在由名词充当的先行词后面, 且其先行词和关联词特点与定语从句先行词及关联词特点十分相似,极易混淆,不过两者的区别还是十分明显的。
1. 从句性质不同同位语从句属于名词性从句,是用来进一步解释或补充说明前面的名词;而定语从句是用来说明先行词的性质或特征,起修饰或限制的作用,与先行词的关系是修饰与被修饰的关系,从句相当于形容词。
例1:The plan that you will go there next week has to be changed.你准备下周去那里的计划得改变.析:认真分析语境含义及句子结构可知,从句为The plan的具体内容,因此该句为同位语从句。
例2:The news that he told me was false.他告诉我的消息是假的。
析:认真分析语境含义和句子结构可知,从句是用来修饰The news的, 因此该句为定语从句。
2.关联词作用不同定语从句的关联词在从句中作主语、宾语、时间状语、地点状语和原因状语等,而同位语从句的关联词在从句中不担任成分。
例1:The plan t hat I”ll stay there for a week can”t come true.我要在那儿呆一周的计划不能实现。
析:分析句子成分可知,that在从句中不作任何成分,因此该句为同位语从句。
例2:The plan that he raised was reasonable.他提出的计划合理。
析:that在从句中作宾语,因此该句为定语从句。
3．同位语从句先行词不同同位语从句的先行词就是被同位语从句解释说明的名词,因为它和同位语从句在内容上相同,因此常为一些体现一定内容的名词,如:hope, plan, fact, news, problem, truth, idea, information等,此时同位语从句具体介绍这些名词的内容。
同位语从句的先行词虽然体现同位语从句的内容,但在同位语从句中并不充当成分。
同位语从句与定语从句区别
同位语从句与定语从句区别同位语从句与定语从句区别在现代英语的语法中，从句指复合句中不能独立成句，但具有主语部分和谓语部分，由that、who、whom、when、why、where、how、whether、which等引导词（Connective）引导的非主句部分。
下面是店铺为大家整理的同位语从句与定语从句区别，欢迎大家借鉴与参考，希望对大家有所帮助。
同位语从句与定语从句的区别定语从句与同位语从句在形式以及它们在句中的位置上都很相似，但它们在句中的句法-功能不同，所用的引导词也不完全一样。
1. 定语从句是形容词从句，其句法-功能相当于一个形容词，与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系，即限定它前面的名词范围，或补充一些情况；而同位语从句是名词性从句，其作用相当于一个名词，与前面的名词是同位关系，是对前面的名词作进一步解释，即说明它前面名词的内容。
如：The news that he told me just now is true.他刚才告诉我的消息是真的。
（定语从句）The news that I have passed the exam is true.我通过了考试这一消息是真的。
（同位语从句）2. 同位语从句与其所修饰的名词之间是一种同位关系，二者之间存在逻辑上的系表关系，可用“主 + 系 + 表”结构来表示，而定语从句则没有这种关系。
如：The news that he won the first place is true.他赢得冠军的消息是真的。
（同位语从句）若用“主 + 系 + 表”结构来表示，则是：The news is that he won the first place.那个消息是他赢得了冠军。
3. 定语从句的先行词可以是各类名词，而可跟同位语从句的名词通常只是news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，possibility 等少数几个。
同位语从句与定语从句
同位语从句与定语从句的区别（一）同位语从句与定语从句形相似而实质不同，具体表现在以下几个方面：1. 被修饰的词不同：同位语从句的前面一般是数量有限的、表示抽象意义的名词；而定语从句的先行词是无数的指人或物名词。
2. 从句的作用不同：同位语从句表示同位名词的具体内容，而定语从句是对先行词的限制、描绘或说明。
3. 引导词不同：what, how, whether等不能用引导定语从句，但可用于引导同位从句。
4. 引导词的作用不同：引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句的that为关系代词，在从句中充当一定的句子成分。
5. 判定定语从句和同位语从句的方法：由于同位语从句是用以说明被修饰名词的具体内容的，所它可以转换同位名词的表语；而定语从句则不能作这种转换。
同位语从句与定语从句的区别（二）一、从句法功能上来看同位语从句中连接词that在从句中不作句子成分，也没有词汇含义，只起连接作用，其作用大致相当于一个冒号；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，且在句中充当句子的成分(主语或宾语)。
如：I hold the belief that where there is a will, there is a way. (that引导的是同位语从句，它在从句中不充当句子成分)The letter that I received yesterday was from my sister. (that引导的是定语从句，它在从句中充当宾语)二、从意义上来看同位语从句所表达的内容与作为中心词的名词所表达的内容是一样的，两者之间可以划等号；而定语从句则是限制或修饰中心词的，中心词所表达的内容不等于定语从句所表达的内容。
如：He told me the news that his uncle would come home from abroad on National Day. (that引导的是同位语从句，其中the news = his uncle would come home from abroad on National Day)This is the factory that we visited last month. (that引导的是定语从句，其中thefactory≠we visited last month.)三、从中心名词上来看同位语从句中的中心名词常是一些表示概括意义的抽象名词，这类名词有fact, idea, view, thought, order, suggestion, news, truth, hope, promise, answer, belief, condition, doubt, fear, problem, proof, question 等。
定语从句和同位语从句
与定语从句相比，同位语从句有4大特点：1.从句和被修饰词的关系不一样。
定语从句: 修饰、描述、限定所修饰的名词。
同位语从句：补充说明前面的名词的具体内容。
2.定语从句的先行词一般没有特殊性，而同位语从句前的名词往往是以下这些：belief, fact, hope, idea, doubt, news, rumor, conclusion, evidence, suggestion, problem, order, answer, decision, discovery, explanation, information, opinion, possibility, truth, promise, report, statement3.如果是由that来引导，that在定语从句中作代词，而在同位语从句中作连词。
4.同位语从句一般由that引导，why,where,what等词也可以引导，但很少见。
which 不能引导同位语从句。
同位语从句与定语从句1．The news that they had won the match inspired us greatly．他们赢得了比赛的消息极大地鼓舞了我们。
2．The news that they told us yesterday proved true．他们昨天告诉我们的消息结果证明是真的。
析：判断that从句是定语从句还是同位语从句，方法是去掉that后，从句结构完整的，是同位语从句，不完整的是定语从句。
如句1，去掉that，从句为they had won the match，结构完整，所以句1中的从句为同位语从句；句2，去掉that，从句为they told us yesterday，缺少直接宾语，结构不完整，所以句5中的从句为定语从句。
同位语从句一般都是由连词that引导，补充说明前面的某一个名词，与该名词的关系较为松散，有时候为句子的平衡，可以把它们分开。
定语从句与同位语从句的区别
定语从句与同位语从句的区别定语从句和同位语从句都是从句的一种类型，它们在句子中起到不同的语法作用。
本文将详细介绍定语从句和同位语从句的区别。
1. 定语从句定语从句用来修饰一个名词，并且在句子中作为这个名词的定语。
它通常用于对名词进行描述、限定或者补充说明。
定语从句的特点是：- 定语从句通常使用关系代词或关系副词引导，如that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where等。
- 定语从句紧跟在名词后面，与名词之间用逗号或者引号分隔。
- 定语从句中的谓语动词通常要有主语，这个主语就是引导词在从句中所指代的名词。
以下是一些定语从句的例子：- The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.（我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
）- The woman who is sitting next to me is my sister.（坐在我旁边的那个女人是我的姐姐。
）2. 同位语从句同位语从句用来说明名词，进一步解释或者补充名词的具体内容。
同位语从句通常由"是"、"为"、"包括"等引导语词引导。
同位语从句的特点是：- 同位语从句通常使用“that”引导，也可以使用“whether”或者“if”引导。
- 同位语从句与其所说明的名词之间用逗号或者引号分隔。
- 同位语从句中的谓语动词通常要有主语，这个主语就是从句中所表示的具体内容。
以下是一些同位语从句的例子：- The fact that he passed the exam made his parents proud.（他通过了考试这个事实让他的父母感到骄傲。
）- I'm not sure whether she will come to the party.（我不确定她是否会来参加派对。
）3. 虽然定语从句和同位语从句在形式上有一些相似之处，但它们在语法功能和用法上有明显的区别。
定语从句和同位语从句
同位语从句在主从复合句中作同位语的从句，叫同位语从句。
表示名词的内容，加以解释。
同位语从句的基本用法：1. 能接同位语从句的名词：fact, idea, news, promise, information, message, belief, doubt, hope, opinion, possibility, thought, wish, truth, question, problem, reply, answer, report, suggestion, advice, order, warning等等。
温馨提示同位语从句通常由that引导，但根据接同位语的名词不同，也可由whether, when, who, how, what, why等引导。
e.g. I have no idea when he will be back.The question who was to blame has never been settled.同位语从句与定语从句的区别1. 同位语从句既“说明、修饰”先行词，又“等同”于先行词。
定语从句“修饰、限制”先行词，由“关系词”替代先行词，在从句中充当成分。
e.g. We are delighted at the news that we are going to spend our summer vacation in Dalian. (同位语从句)Neither of us showed any interest in the news that John told us yesterday. (定语从句)2. that在从句中的作用同位语从句中that为连接词，只起连接作用，在从句中不作成分，一般也不能省略；定语从句中的that为关系代词，在从句中充当句子成分，可作主语、宾语和表语，作宾语时常可省略。
e.g. The news (that) he told me surprised me. (定语从句)The news that he gave in surprised me. (同位语从句)[ ] 1. That is _____ he said.A. all whatB. all whichC. all thatD. all which[ ] 2. These are things and persons ___I’ve heard of.A. whoB. whomC. whichD. that[ ] 3. Please tell me everything ___you know.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. all what [ ] 4. We know the fact ___he has gone to college.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. why[ ] 5.I received the news ____Xiao Ping had passed away.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. in which [ ] 6. This is the thing ___he referred to.A. whoB. whomC. XD. what[ ] 7. This is the building, in front of ____there is a dog lying on the ground.A. thatB. whichC. itD. X[ ] 8. This is the things about ___we’re talking.A. whichB. thatC. XD. them[ ] 9. That is the room, ___is very empty.A. thatB. whichC. itD. as[ ] 10. Those are the students, most of ____are very active.A. thatB. themC. whichD. whom.[ ] 11. This is the man ___we went to the cinema.A. with thatB. with whomC. with whoD. who [ ] 12. The girl ___father lives in Beijing won the first prize in maths.A. whoB. whoseC. whom D that[ ] 13. The factory ___we work is very big..A. thatB. whichC. whereD. who [ ] 14. The factory ___we visited is very big.A. thatB. whereC. in whichD. on which [ ] 15. This is the day ___we joined the army.A. whichB. thatC. whenD. in which [ ] 16. The days ___we spent last year will not be forgotten.A. thatB. on whichC. in whichD. when [ ] 17. The village ___we stayed in last year is not far from here.A. thatB. whereC. in whichD. there [ ] 18. The factory ___sells shoes is near to our school.A. thatB. whereC. in whichD. X[ ] 19. He is very foolish, ____you expected.A. whichB. asC. thatD. why [ ] 20. He has such a book ___I borrowed from the library.A. whichB. thatC. asD. what [ ] 21. He made the same progress ___I did in my entrance examination..A. whatB. thatC. on whichD. as [ ] 22.The reason ___he didn’t succeed is ____he is lazy.A. that; thatB. which; whichC. why; thatD. why; because [ ] 23. The reason ___he gave me was not reasonable.A. thatB. whyC. forD. for which [ ] 24. September 18, 1913 is the day _____we’ll never forget.A. thatB. whenC. on whichD. on that [ ] 25. I remember the day ___I first came to the college.A. on whichB. in whichC. whichD. that [ ] 26. It is the young man ____looked for ___caught the murderer.A. that; whoB. that; theyC. they; thatD. they; which [ ] 27. I remember the day ___ we first met on.A. whichB. whenC. in whichD. on that [ ] 28. Is this factory ___we visited last year?A. whereB. in whichC. the oneD. at which [ ] 29. Is this the factory ___your father worked?A. whereB. whichC. of whichD. in that [ ] 30. This is the factory ___we visited the day before yesterday.A. whereB. whichC. the oneD. at which [ ] 31. This is the best factory ___I have visited all my life.A. whereB. whichC. whenD. that [ ] 32. Is this the factory ____colour TV sets are produced?A. thatB. whichC. in whichD. in that[ ] 33. Where is the window ___glass is broken?A. whichB. thatC. whoseD. its[ ] 34. The book, the cover___is broken, is not mine.A. of itB. forC. whoseD. of which[ ] 35. Who is the comrade ___was there?A. whomB. thatC. whichD. whose[ ] 36. He met my mother, from ___he got the news of my sister’s marriage.A. whomB. thatC. whichD. who[ ] 37. This is Mr. Smith, ___I think has something interesting to tell you.A. whoB. whomC. thatD. X[ ] 38. His father is an engineer, ___makes him very proud.A. for whatB. whichC. thatD. what[ ] 39.He talked about the teachers and schools ____he had visitedA. whichB. whoC. thatD. what [ ] 40. He is the only ____I can find for the work.A. who’sB. whoseC. thatD. which[ ] 41. I, _______your close friend, will try my best to help you out.A. who isB. who amC. that isD. what is[ ] 42. Mr. Herpin is one of the foreign experts who _____in China.A. worksB. is workingC. are workingD. had been working [ ] 43. Mr. Smith is the only one of those foreigners who_____in China.A. workB. is workingC. are workingD. has been working [ ] 44. Those ____ want to see the film please put down your names here.A. thatB. whoC. whichD. as[ ] 45.That was the reason ____Mac refused to speak at the meeting.A. whyB. thatC. whichD. of which [ ] 46. The knife ___ we cut the bread is very sharp.A. with whichB. that whichC. which withD. which [ ] 47. I saw some trees, the leaves of ___ were black with disease.A.thatB. whichC. whoseD. the trees[ ] 48. Is there any questions ____ troubles you much?A. whichB. whereC. whoD. that[ ] 49. Is there anything ___I can do for you?A. whichB. whatC. thatD. whom[ ] 50 Little has been done ___ is helpful to our work.A.whatB. whichC. thatD. all that[ ] 51. This is the last time ____I shall give you a lesson.A. whenB. thatC. whichD. in which[ ] 52.This is the fact ___he is very smart.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. where[ ] 53. I got the news ___he will go abroad.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. on which [ ] 54. I don’t like the way ____you laugh at her..A. thatB. on whichC. whichD. as[ ] 55. I like the way __he talks and laughs.A. whichB. whenC. in whichD. for which [ ] 56. This is the worker, ___the book was written.A. whoB. whomC. ofD. by whom[ ] 57. This is the reason ___ he was put into prison.A.of itB. for itC. in whichD. for which[ ] 58. The professor is an ordinary-looking little man, on the nose of ___there is a pair of thick glasses.A. whoB. thatC. whomD. which[ ] 59. China has a lot of famous writers, one of ___is Lu Xun.A. whoB. whomC. thatD. which[ ] 60. China has a lot of islands, one of ___ is Taiwan.A. whoB. whomC. thatD. which[ ] 61. My father made a promise __he would buy me a toll.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. when[ ] 1.A child ___parents are dead is called an orphan.A. whichB. hisC. whoseD. with [ ] 2. All ____ is needed is a supply of oilA. the thingB. thatC. whatD. which[ ] 3. He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows, most of _____hadn’t been cleaned for a t least a year.A. theseB. thoseC. thatD. which [ ] 4. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ______family was poorA. of whomB. whomC. of whoseD. whose [ ] 5. She heard a terrible noise, ____brought her heart into her mouthA. itB. whichC. thisD. that [ ] 6. Alice received an invitation from her boss, _____came as surpriseA. itB. thatC. whichD. he[ ] 7. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____she could turn for help.A. thatB. whoC. from whomD. to whom [ ] 8. It is the ability to do the job ___matters not where you come from or what you areA. oneB. thatC. whatD. it[ ] 9. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ____of course, made the others unhappyA. whoB. whichC. thisD. what[ ] 10. ___is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is interesting.A. WhichB. AsC. ThatD. It[ ] 11 These houses are sold at such a low price ___people expectedA. likeB. asC. thatD. which[] 12The Gentleman _____you told me yesterday proved to be a thiefA. whoB. about whomC. whomD. in which[ ] 13.J ohn said he’d been working in the office for an hour, ______was trueA. heB. thisC. whichD. who。
同位语从句与定语从句的区别与联系
同位语从句与定语从句的区别与联系同位语从句和定语从句虽然都是从句，但在用法和作用上存在一些区别与联系。
同位语从句用来对前面的名词或代词进行解释或说明，而定语从句则用来对前面的名词或代词进行修饰或限定。
本文将从用法、作用和结构等方面进行分析，以帮助读者更好地理解同位语从句和定语从句。
一、同位语从句的用法和作用同位语从句是用来对名词或代词进行解释或说明的从句。
它通常出现在句子中作为同位语，用来补充说明或进一步阐述前面的名词或代词的具体内容。
同位语从句用来解释或说明的名词或代词通常是表示事物、概念、观点、情感等的抽象名词。
同位语从句可以使用连接词“是”、“存在”、“包括”、“表示”等引导。
例如：1. 我的观点是，我们应该积极参与公益活动。
2. 他对世界的认识是建立在日常观察和学习的基础上的。
3. 我们目前的情况是存在一些问题需要解决的。
4. 他发言的重点是表示对这个计划的支持。
二、定语从句的用法和作用定语从句是用来对名词或代词进行修饰或限定的从句。
它通常出现在句子中作为名词的后置修饰成分，用来对前面的名词或代词进行进一步说明或限定。
定语从句可以使用关系代词或关系副词引导。
例如：1. 我昨天认识了一个新同学，他来自加拿大。
2. 这是我买的那本书，你一定会喜欢的。
3. 我正在读的那本小说，讲述了一个令人动容的故事。
4. 失去父亲的那位小女孩，一直努力克服困难。
三、同位语从句与定语从句之间的区别1. 功能不同：同位语从句解释或说明名词的具体内容，而定语从句修饰或限定名词。
2. 位置不同：同位语从句通常出现在句子的主干部分，作为同位语进行解释说明；定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词之后。
3. 引导词不同：同位语从句常用“是”、“存在”、“表示”等引导，定语从句则使用关系代词或关系副词引导。
4. 修饰内容不同：同位语从句解释的是名词的具体内容，定语从句则对名词进行进一步的修饰或限定。
四、同位语从句与定语从句之间的联系虽然同位语从句和定语从句在功能和位置上有所不同，但它们也存在一些联系。
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先行词
1．定语从句的先行词是名词或代词；而同位语从句的先行词只能是名词，而且仅限于idea，plan，fact，theory，promise，hope，news，doubt，truth，information，suggestion，question，thought，belief，conclusion等少数名词。
例如：
①The boy （who is playing football）is my classmate．在本句中，括号部分是定语从句，其先行词是名词boy，它不能用作同位语从句的先行词。
②Those （who work hard）will succeed．在本句中，括号部分也是定语从句，其先行词是代词those，代词不能用作同位语从句的先行词。
③The fact （that he had not said anything）,surprised everybody．在本句中，括号部分是同位语从句，其先行词是名词fact，它同样可以用作定语从句的先行词，
④The fact （that you are talking about）is important．本句便是一例。
由以上分析可见，同位语从句的先行词一定可以用作定语从句的先行词，但定语从句的先行词不一定能用作同位语从句的先行词。
2．when，where，why引导的定语从句的先行词一定分别是表示时间、地点和原因的名词，而三者引导的同位语从句的先行词则肯定不是表示时间、地点和原因的名词。
例如：
①I still remember the day （when I first came to Beijing）．
②I have no idea （when she will be back）．
在①句中，括号部分是when引导的定语从句，其先行词day是表示时间的名词；
在②句中，括号部分是when引导的同位语从句，其先行词idea则不是表示时间的名词。
引导词
（关系词）
定语从句和同位语从句共同的引导词有四个：that，when，where，why。
下面把四个引导词分成两类说明它们在两种从句中的不同用法。
1．引导词that
引导定语从句的that叫做关系代词，它除了起连接作用，还在定语从句中充当一定成分，并且在意义上代表先行词；引导同位语从句的that叫做从属连词，它只起连接作用。
不能省略。
例如：
①The news （that you told me yesterday）was really exciting．
②We heard the news （that our team had won）．
在①句中，括号部分是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语，在意义上指代先行词news。
在②句中，括号部分是同位语从句，that没有任何意义，只起连接作用。
2．引导词when，where，why
引导定语从句时，它们叫做关系副词，在从句中充当状语，可以转换成"介词+关系代词"的形式；引导同位语从句时，它们叫做连接副词，在从句中充当状语，但不能转换成"介词+关系代词"的形式。
例如：
①I will never forget the day （when I joined the army）．
②We have no idea （when she was born）．
在①句中，括号部分是定语从句，when在从句中作状语，它可以转换成on which的形式；
在②句中，括号部分是同位语从句，when在从句中充当状语，但不能转换成"介词+关系代词"的形式。
③This is the house （where I lived two years ago）．
④He put forward to the question （where the meeting would be held）．
在③句中，括号部分是定语从句，where在从句中作状语，它可以转换成in which的形式；
在④句中，括号部分是同位语从句，where在从句中充当状语，但不能转换成"介词+关系代词"的形式。
⑤This is the reason （why she will not attend the meeting）．
⑥The teacher had no idea （why Jack was absent）．
在⑤句中，括号部分是定语从句，why在从句中作状语，它可以转换成for which的形式。
在⑥句中，划线部分是同位语从句，why在从句中充当状语，但不能转换成"介词+关系代词"的形式。
从句区别
that 既可引导同位语从句又可引导定语从句，其区别在于：1.同位语从句由连接词that 引导，连接词that本身无意义，在同位语从句中不充当任何成分，不可省略，不可以用其他词替代；2.定语从句由关系代词that引导，关系代词that在从句中充当一定的成分，作宾语时可省略。
由when，where，why引导的同位语从句和定语从句的区别在于：同位语从句由连接副词只起连接作用，没有指代作用；定语从句由关系副词引导，关系副词具有指代先行词的作用，常用一个介词加关系代词替换。
例如：I will never forget the day when we first met. （定语从句，when为关系副词）
That is the special day (which/that) I will never forget. （定语从句，which/that为关系代词，作forget的宾语）
This is the house where we lived fifteen years ago. （定语从句，where为关系副词）
This is the house which we sold fifteen years ago. （定语从句，which为关系代词，作sold 的宾语）。