2020高考英语 第三部分 写作层级训练 第二步第三讲 如何写议论文的主体(讲解)
高中作文 高考写作指导：如何写好高考议论文主体段
如何写好高考议论文主体段一般地说，高考作文，主体段都应该是规范段。
所谓规范段，就是指能表述一个意思完整、相对独立的段落。
主体段落：一个标准的议论段——麻雀虽小五脏俱全的那种，应该依次包含如下五种功能不同的句子：观点句、阐释句、材料句、分析句、结论句（一定要回扣材料）。
例如：知识就是力量。
（观点句）它首先是一种难以量化的、伟大的精神智慧，当然更可转化为具体的、可见的、巨大的物质力量。
（阐释句）一介书生，手无缚鸡之力，却可以坐知天下之事。
（材料句）凭什么？知识，以及知识带来的预见性。
（分析句）史蒂芬·霍金，被卢伽雷氏症（肌萎缩性侧索硬化症）禁锢在轮椅上20多年，全身能“活动”的，除了眼睛，只剩一根食指，但这并不影响他能够成为继爱因斯坦之后当代最伟大的理论物理学家、享有国际声誉的伟人、超人。
（材料句）靠什么？知识——关于宇宙奥秘：天体物理、时空本质的最新知识，最富有想象力、创造力的智慧。
（分析句）可见，知识能够改变世界，知识能够决定命运，知识能够给人自由。
（结论句）实战应用，例高考佳作《用语言架起沟通的桥梁》：“语言，有时是化解误会的良药。
（观点句）赵国的大将廉颇妒忌被赵王器重的蔺相如，扬言要使他难堪，而蔺相如却处处避免与之发生冲突，众人不解，蔺相如的一句“先国家之急而后私仇”道出了他的用意。
这句话亦使廉颇瞬间消除了对蔺相如的偏见，他负荆请罪，最终与蔺相如成为刎颈之交。
蔺相如的那句掷地有声的话化成了一座桥梁，使两位大臣的心得到沟通，使廉颇了解到蔺相如高尚的人格。
（摆事例）可见，语言，是信息的载体，通过语言，许多误会得以消除，不少心灵的隔阂能被冲破。
（重扣题）语言，是传递关爱与理解的信鸽。
（观点句）现代社会许多家长常抱怨孩子老是以自我为中心，总是不听自己的话，许多孩子也埋怨家长老是不理解自己，总是束缚着自己。
这种状况发生的原因有很多，但最主要的一点是家长与孩子之间的沟通太少。
有的家长什么事都不让孩子做，只要求孩子好好读书，不要分心，这不能算是关爱。
【议论文】2020高考英语书面表达范例之议论文范例
【关键字】议论文新课标高考英语书面表达范例之议论文范例.高考英语书面表达议论文主要以正反对比议论文为例How to write an argumentation？学习目标：学会高考英语议论文书面表达基本写作方法。
重点难点：学会议论文写作常用句式。
学习指导：议论文指的是以议论为主要表达方式的文体。
就某一方面的问题通过摆事实、讲道理、辨是非的方式来表达作者的观点和看法。
高考书面表达一般只是要求同学们就某一热点问题或者是观点来谈谈自己的看法。
同学们在陈述自己的观点时，可以运用议论文的一些写作方法来论述自己的观点，从而增强说服力，使你的文章脱颖而出。
掌握议论文的一般结构：引子、正文、结论。
①引子(Introduction):由于英语作文受时间、字数的限制，因此，在引言段中作者就必须简单解释要讨论的问题并阐明自己的观点。
②正文(Main body): 正文是论证的过程，作者必须有足够的论据来论证自己的观点。
③结论(Conclusion): 结论段可以用一两句来结束文章，同时要注意与引言段的呼应，但不能照搬前面的原话。
议论文型书面表达应掌握的常用表达方式总起:Different people hold different opinions.Opinions are divided.People have taken/adopted different attitudes towards …People have different opinions on this problem.People take different views on this question.表达不同观点:…of them hold the opinion that ….…of them are in favor of the idea that…People who are for/against the idea think …Some people believe that…. Others argue that …不同观点之间的衔接:However, …of them hold a different view. / …of them hold the opposite opinion.People who are against it don’t think so.However, each coin has two sides.Different from those…., …people think ….On the other hand, … people object that ….并列关系：and, as well as, also…递进关系：besides, in addition, moreover, what’s more…比较、对比：like, unlike, on the contrary, on the other hand…表示时间关系：first, second, then, finally/at last／in the end , soon immediately, suddenly, at the same time, meanwhile, recently表示对称顺序关系：for one thing….. for the other thing, on one hand,…..on the other hand，above all, first of all, firstly, secondly, next, finally，the former….the latter,表示递进关系：what is more, as well, moreover, besides ,furthermore, in addition，what’s worse表示换一种方式表达：in other words ,that is to say表示举例说明：for example, like, such as, for instance表示陈述事实：in fact ,actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth 表示总结：on the whole, in a word, to sum up, in short, in conclusion, from what I have said above表示因果关系：as a result ,thus, therefore, so that, as, because, consequently,表示转折：but, however, while, instead, although, different from, not only ..but also表达自己的观点：in my opinion, personally, as far as I know, I believe, I think, as we all know ,It is known to us all that….写作模版一We had a heated discussion about /on__, students’views/ideas/opinions on it vary /differ from person to person. Some students believe that…… however ,others hold the view that_____ As far as I’m concerned, I believe___ In conclusion/ in a word写作模版二should……? Opinions are divided on the question some of us think that …. The reason is that ….. However, others are against it.They think….In my opinion, for one reason, for another reason, in a word. Only through….. Can we have a bright future.范例1你是成都七中高三年级的一名学生，今年即将高中毕业。
山东省2020届新高考英语总复习第三板块完形填空第三部分体裁应对策略第3讲议论文教案
第三讲议论文议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表见解或提出主张的说理性文章。
这类文章或从正面提出某种见解、主张，或是驳斥别人的错误观点。
议论文类完形填空具有如下特点：(1)首句制胜，论点明确。
议论文一般都在首句提出论点，然后在各段的首句提出分论点。
(2)结构清楚，逻辑通顺。
作者为了使文章的脉络清晰，一般会使用一些逻辑关联词(或短语)，如on the contrary，all in all，in short，generally，surely，obviously等。
(3)方法论证，合情合理。
议论文都是按一定的方法来论证的。
常用的论证方法有：归纳法、推理法、对照法。
做题时要善于理清论点、论据、结论，“三论”结合验证答案。
如果所选的答案前后矛盾，论据与论点相悖，最后的结论与论点矛盾，那就说明考生对于文章的脉络把握得不太准确，可以重新回过头来理顺文章的各个部分，直到“三论”一致，然后再依据自己对全文的掌握及各部分之间的关系选出答案。
文本示例(全国卷Ⅰ)As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine(常规的)basis.As a matter of fact, we can see this__41__at work in people of all__42__.For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about__43__with their new toys.But their__44__soon wears off and by Januarythose__45__toys can be found put away in the basement.The world is full of__46__stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument tosomeone's__47__interest.When parents bring home a pet, their child__48__bathes it and brushes its fur.Within a short time, however, the__49__of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents.Adolescents enter high school with great__50__but are soon looking forward to__51__.The same is true of the young adults going to college.And then, how many__52__， who now complain (抱怨) about the long drives to work，__53__drove for hours at a time when they first__54__their driver's licenses (执照)? Before people retire, they usually__55__to do a lot of__56__things, which they never had__57__to do while working.But__58__after retirement，the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they__59__.And, like the child in January, they go searching for new__60__.41.A.principle B．habitC.way D．power42.A.parties B．racesC.countries D．ages43.A.working B．livingC.playing D．going44.A.confidence B．interestC.anxiety D．sorrow45.A.same B．extraC.funny D．expensive46.A.wellorganized B．colorfullyprintedC.n ewlycollected D．halffilled47.A.broad B．passingC.different D．main48.A.silently B．impatientlyC.gladly D．worriedly49.A.promise B．burdenC.right D．game50.A.courage B．calmnessC.confusion D．excitement51.A.graduation B．independenceC.responsibility D．success52.A.children B．studentsC.adults D．retirees53.A.carefully B．eagerlyC.nervously D．bravely54.A.required B．obtainedC.noticed D．discovered55.A.need B．learnC.start D．plan56.A.great B．strangeC.difficult D．correct57.A.time B．moneyC.skills D．knowledge58.A.only B．wellC.even D．soon59.A.lost B．choseC.left D．quit60.A.pets B．toysC.friends D．colleagues考场思维◆[第一步] 通全文采论点引论据本文是议论文题材，为社会生活类。
2020高考英语作文范文+解析
2020年高考英语作文范文汇总及解析全国卷一你身边值得尊敬的人+理由学校举行作文比赛以你身边敬爱或爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛。
内容包括：1、受到敬爱、爱戴的人的简介；2、说明理由。
注意：1、词数100左右；2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3、结束语已为你写好。
写作指导：审题注意点：1.最好写自己身边尊敬或爱戴的人，名人，抗疫英雄应该不算身边的人吧？2.简介最好包括外貌，职业等基本情况，但要简明扼要，不宜拓展太多，毕竟要点2才是重点。
3. 充分拓展尊敬的理由，要点2是文章的body。
有理有据，使人信服。
4.文章标题和第一句话已经给出，注意衔接和紧扣标题。
The people I respectThereare many people respectable around us. The people I respect most is my aunt, acharming woman of medium built, who was born into a rich family and received a good education. Now she is an excellent doctor and specializes in internalmedicine.As we all know, COVID-19 broke out in March of this year in Wuhan city, which was in urgent need of doctors and nurses.Every one across our country was so frightened at the epidemic that nearly none dared to go to Wuhan city. However, at this crucial moment, it was my aunt that risked her life to do voluntary work without hesitation, which amazed me so much. I show great respect for her not only because of her courage but also due to her selfless contribution to our homeland. Besides, she doesn't care about money as well as fame but cares for others. Her life attitude also makes a great difference on me.All in all, my aunt sets a good example for me. And I do learn a lot from her. That's the reason why I respect her most.全国卷二上周末，你和同学参加了一次采摘活动。
2020高考英语作文高分技巧：议论文三段式_英语写作指导
2020高考英语作文高分技巧：议论文三段式随着越来越多的省市进行自主命题，开放式、半开放式愈加受到青睐。
因为此种题型可以更准确地考查考生是否能使用英语准确表达自己的观点，充分体现了对实际解决问题的能力的考查。
此类作文多为议论文性质，所以议论文的写作显得愈加重要根据议论文的特点，最好采用三段式论证法，第一段提出问题(总写)，即主题段，陈述自己的观点;第二段用论据进行正反两个方面的论证(分写)，即拓展段，摆出支撑论点的论据;第三段得出相应的结论(总写)，为总结段，总结自己的观点。
类似中文里(总——分——总)的写法。
这种写法可以使文章层次分明，结构清晰。
1.在议论文三段式里，首先要写好开头，好的开头是成功的一半。
开头写得好，会给阅卷者留下美好的印象，有吸引力。
任何一篇文章都应该做到主题鲜明，中心突出，提出论点要开门见山，紧扣题目。
高考作文篇幅短小，因此开头不能冗长拖沓，务必要点题，即说清楚文章的人物、事件和作者的观点。
2.要深化中间段。
中意部分是文章的主体，需要用具体的事例、细节来阐释主题句，因此中意的部分应该是具体的、详细的，不可泛泛而谈或点到即止，安需要围绕主题句的内容而展开，不能谈论与之无关的东西，即论述主题要具体而又有说服力。
常用方法有：比较法、举例法、归纳法、推理法、对照法和驳论法。
3.把好结尾关，避免虎头蛇尾，使结尾缺乏力量。
好的结尾会深化主题，进一步强化阅卷老师的良好印象。
文章最后可以回到开头提出的中心思想上，达到再次肯定强调的效果;或者引用或总结全文，即言简赅又有较强的说明力;也可用几句话概括全文的内容，并进一步肯定文章的中心思想或作者观点。
4.注意一些关联词的使用，使文章更连贯顺畅、条理清晰。
表因果的：as, as a result, because of, for, due to, owing to, thanks to, etc.表意思的：in one’s opinion, have different ideas on, myidea/view is, it strikes me that, etc.表比较的：unlike, in the same way, on the contrary, etc.表结论的：in brief, to end/ sum up, in other words, in conclusion, in short, in summary, etc.5.注意文章的层次和段落。
高中英语 高考议论文作文专项讲解及练习(有答案)
议论文作文本节内容一、议论文高考写作要求议论文是高考书面表达常考体裁，文章以议论为主，通过摆事实、讲道理等方法，对客观事物进行评述或议论，以阐明作者的观点与主张，说服别人。
议论文在内容上必须有论点、论据和论证三要素，在结构上要有引言、正文和结论三部分。
二、议论文的写作步骤1. 引言(introduction)．由于英语作文受时间.字数的限制．因此，审清题意之后在引言段中作者就必须简单解释要讨论的问题，并明白地亮出自己的观点，如提倡什么，支持什么，反对什么．2. 主体段（main body）．主体段是议论的过程，作者必须有足够的证据（adequate proofs）来论证自己的观点．一般可提出一个或两个proofs, 并对此用一两句话分别进行阐述．3. 结论（conclusion）．结论段可以用一两句话来结束文章．同时要注意与引言段呼应，但不能照搬前面的原话．三、议论文高考常用写作模板1、对比观点型:要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。
1. 有一些人认为……2. 另一些人认为……3. 我的看法……模版There is a widespread concern over (the issue that)——(作文题目). But it is widely acknowledged that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person.A majority of people think that——(观点一). In their view, there are two factors contributing to this attitude as follows. In the first place, ——(原因一). In the second place,——(原因二). So it goes without saying that——( 观点一). People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that——(观点二). In their point of view, for one thing, ——(原因一). For another, ——(原因二). Therefore, there is no doubt that——(观点二).As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that——(观点一或二). It is not only because ——(原因一), but also because——(原因二). The more—— , the more——.2、谚语警句型:要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述。
议论文作文答题模板高中
议论文作文答题模板高中高中议论文作文答题模板。
一、引言（Introduction）。
1. 背景介绍（Background Information）。
2. 问题陈述（Statement of the Problem）。
3. 观点表明（Thesis Statement）。
二、主体（Body）。
1. 论据一（Argument One）。
a. 事实阐述（Facts）。
b. 例证论证（Examples and Evidence）。
c. 分析解释（Analysis and Explanation）。
2. 论据二（Argument Two）。
a. 事实阐述（Facts）。
b. 例证论证（Examples and Evidence）。
c. 分析解释（Analysis and Explanation）。
3. 论据三（Argument Three）。
a. 事实阐述（Facts）。
b. 例证论证（Examples and Evidence）。
c. 分析解释（Analysis and Explanation）。
三、反驳（Refutation）。
1. 对立观点（Opposing Viewpoints）。
2. 反驳论据（Refuting Arguments）。
四、结论（Conclusion）。
1. 总结观点（Restate Thesis）。
2. 结论总结（Summary of Arguments）。
3. 呼吁行动（Call to Action）。
高中议论文范文，关于手机对学生学习的影响。
引言。
在当今社会，手机已经成为人们生活中不可或缺的一部分。
特别是在青少年群体中，手机使用已经成为日常生活中的重要组成部分。
然而，手机对学生学习的影响也备受关注。
本文将就手机对学生学习的影响展开讨论。
主体。
手机对学生学习的影响是双重的。
一方面，手机可以作为学习工具，帮助学生获取信息、进行学习。
比如，学生可以利用手机上的学习App进行知识点的复习和学习。
2020高考英语二轮复习 写作专题 第三部分 范文及针对训练 议论文精品教案
第三部分高考作文优秀范文及针对训练（配范文）议论文写作注意：1。
词数120左右（不含已写好部分）2．短文必须包括表中所列要点，可根据内容分段表述；3．可适当增加细节以使行文连贯；4．参考词汇：眼界horizon(view)案例分析这是一篇典型的议论文体的写作，它以表格的形式提出了论点（呆在家中的优点和缺点以及外出旅游的优点和缺点）和论据，还以文字提示形式提出了话题（假期计划）及需要考生自由发挥的部分（你的看法），自己的看法可选择上述中的任何一种，并就此发表个人的见解。
本文的重点是表格中两种方式的优，缺点，根据题目的特点，以三段式的形式来写作比较好。
根据内容，尽管讨论已经发生，但它是就一般的暑假假期计划而进行的讨论，没有特定的时间界定，因而考生应以一般现在时和一般将来时为主。
相当一部分考生用一般过去时进行论述，这会失掉较多的分数。
从题目所给的开头可知应用第一人称来写。
范文：The summer holiday is coming. Our class have a discussion about what to do during the holiday.Some are in favor of staying at home. They think it's both convenient and comfortable. What's more, they can save money for other purposes. But they will lose the chance of getting to know the outside world. However, others prefer to go out for traveling since it can increase their knowledge and broaden their horizons. But they will spend more money and meet some difficulties while traveling.In my opinion, it would be much better to stay at home, for I can do what I like, such as reading books, watching TV, and helping my parents with the housework.针对练习1．2002年普通高等学校招生全国英语统一考试书面表达试题最近，你校同学正在参加某英文报组织的一场讨论。
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第三讲如何写议论文的主体李仕才一、题型特点议论性读写任务型作文指的是根据阅读材料所描述的某一事件、现象、观点或话题发表个人观点、意见和建议的一类读写任务，其实质就是要求考生根据题目要求写议论文。
二、写作技巧英语议论文有其独特的框架结构，能让读者迅速捕捉作者的观点和思路，值得考生模仿。
写作时应注意以下几点。
1.运用过渡语进行衔接过渡2.采用多种论证方式进行分析议论文在写作手法上以议论为主，如通过对比观点、阐述原因、列举例子等，但有时也要运用说明、叙述、描写等手法。
议论中的说明常为议论的开展创造条件或为议论作补充；叙述和描写应是为论点提供依据，因此，叙述应该是概括的，描写应该是简要的。
常用的句式有：3.结尾总结升华，重申观点在文中或文末，考生可以用不同的语言重申主题或提出解决问题的建议，从而使文章结构严谨、主题鲜明。
常用的句式有：(1)To sum up/In short/In conclusion/On the whole/All in all...(2)Taking all the factors into account, we can draw a conclusion that...(3)From the discussion above, it can be safely concluded that...(4)Therefore, it is necessary for us to...(5)To be brief, we should be aware of the importance of...(6)Only when we/Only by..., can we...【典例示范】请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
(2016·江苏卷)In recent years，internet voting has become increasing popular in China.People not only cast on-line votes themselves，but also urge others to vote for competitions like the “Most Beautiful Teacher” and the “Cutest Baby”.Li Jiang，a high school student，is invited to vote in the “Best Police Officer” competition，organized by the local government to let the public have a better understanding of polic e officers’ daily work.Li Jiang visits the website and reads all the stories.He is deeply moved by their glorious deeds.He is already thinking of becoming a policeman himself in the future.Su Hua is invited by his uncle to vote for his cousin in the “Future Singer”competition.He has already received three similar invitations this week.His uncle tells him that if his cousin wins the competition，the family will win an overseas tour for free.Su Hua likes his cousin very much，but he finds other singers perform even better.To vote，or not to vote? This is a question that troubles him very much. [写作内容]1.用约30个单词写出上文概要；2.用约120个单词阐述你对网络投票的看法，并用2～3个理由或论据支撑你的看法。
[写作要求]1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3.不必写标题。
[评分标准]内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
[参考范文]Online voting becomes increasingly popular, and many competitions get people involved in it. It is beneficial to some people, while it puts others into a dilemma over whether to vote or not.In my opinion, online voting is an inseparable part of modern life and should be welcomed, since it is no more than a way to participate in public life. It makes no difference from ordinary voting events, in which candidates go around to seek supports. In addition, the Internet makes surveying and voting easy and convenient, regardless of time and space.Furthermore，voting on the Internet makes instant feedback possible.To be honest，voters sometimes feel annoyed，not because they hate voting，but because they are divided between emotion and fairness.Things will turn for the better if we can work out some participation rules for people to obey.Therefore，I hold a positive attitude towards online voting.能力提升练1请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
(2018·江苏镇江高三调研)The 18-year-old girl from Linyi, Shandong province scored568 points on her college entrance exam this year and was admitted to Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications.On Aug 19, Xu received a phone call from an unknown person telling her that she was due to receivestudent funding. Following the call, Xu transferred a 9，900-yuan“activation fee” into the man’s bank account, hoping the money would appear in her student account, but it never did.After discovering they had been cheated, the family immediately reported the incident to the police, but Xu was said to be frustrated. On their way home, she suddenly fainted and despite doctors’ best efforts to rescue her, she passed away. The death of Xu yuyu immediately caused an outcry over the society, and once again, it fired a public anger towards those who commit heartless fraud(欺诈).So how was Xu’s private information leaked out?Reporters have discovered that there are many people who openly sell the examinee’s information online. The information includes the examinee’s name, school, phone number, and address. The personal information of examinee has become the target of the online fraud industry.[写作内容]1.用约30个单词写出上文概要；2.用约120个词就“Personal information leakage”谈谈你的看法和感受，内容包括：(1)简述个人信息泄露的危害及保护个人信息的重要性；(2)就如何保护个人信息提几点建议(至少两点)。
[写作要求]1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3.不必写标题。
[评分标准]内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
[参考范文]A girl from Shandong, who would soon begin her university life, was cheated out of9，900 yuan due to personal information leakage. The heavy blow claimed her life, which aroused anger in society.The leakage of personal information is of great harm. Not only will people be frequently troubled by unwanted short messages or calls, but also people may be cheated out of money or be put in danger. Thus, the protection of personal information is of vital importance in order for common people to maintain a peaceful and safe life, as well as to protect one’s own fortune.Here are the tips on how to protect one’s personal information. Never click any link on phones or computers unless it can be utterly trusted. Also, avoid connecting smart phones to any untrusted WiFi in public places. Apart from the efforts of common people, the government must spare no effort to fight against criminals selling others’ personal information.能力提升练2请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。