英语翻译正确学习方法

英语翻译正确学习方法
英语翻译正确学习方法

口译笔译考试之英语翻译学习的正确方法

口译笔译之翻译的正确学习方法,大多的英语学习者会觉得语法、词汇和听说的学习是他们的软肋。同样,掌握了正确的方法就不再是难事了。

一、语法

一提到语法,很多的英语初学者就一个头八个大。究其原因,本身汉语的思维和英语的思维有很大的差异,西方人的思维方式和东方人思维方式亦不同,我们中国人比较侧重综合思维、形象思维,其思维方式属螺旋形,比较注重事物发展的过程和方式,而西方人偏重分析思维和逻辑思维,他们的思维方式属线性思维,注重因果效应,多考虑事物发展的结局和后果,其语言模式偏重事件发生的先后顺序,并依此组织设计段落情节,文章篇章结构层次感、独立性强。例如,英语文章中大量使用诸如and,but,or,so,if,when,while等连接词语使文路清晰明了;而中文句子之间不象英文篇章有那么多连词,是靠语义的自然衔接、前后连贯、上下呼应来表达一个完整的意思。有时中国人做文章还常讲究“不言而喻”,叫西方人摸不着头脑。如果我们按照中文思维组织句子,又不会熟练地使用这些连接词,让英美人读起来势必会有信息梗塞感,觉得生搬硬套、模糊不清。其实我们学英语文法感到吃力,老外学我们的中文文法更难,不是说中文是世界上最难的语言吗?所以我们要相信我们中文那么难的文法都能运用自如,更何况英文呢,只需要掌握英文文法规则,并加强理解,灵活运用,一定能熟能生巧。

二、单词

对于单词的学习,许多人都一直处于“背了忘,忘了背,背了继续忘”这样的循环中。有些人放弃,有些人坚持。坚持下来的人无疑是最后成功的。按照记忆专家艾宾浩斯(下图是着名的艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线)的说法“多记多忘多留下,少记少忘少留下”,只要是背了就一定能记得一些,这样日积月累,一定能背完计划的单词,而且给自己定的每天计划单词量不能太少,如果每天记10个对你自己小菜一碟,那完全可以再加10个,如果还觉得有余力,还可以把计划定更高一些,虽然说要量力而行,但按艾宾浩斯的理论,如果是对于初高考学子来说,每天背诵100个单词是必须的,就算有难度也要尽力而为,坚持不懈。

德国有一位着名的心理学家名叫艾宾浩斯(Hermann Ebbinghaus,185-1909),他在1885年发表了他的实验报告,首先,实验者记忆100个生单词。

然后,艾宾浩斯又根据了这些点描绘出了一条曲线,这就是非常有名的揭示遗忘规律的曲线:艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线,图中竖轴表示学习中记住的知识数量,横轴表示时间(天数),曲线表示记忆量变化的规律。

这条曲线告诉人们在学习中的遗忘是有规律的,遗忘的进程很快,并且先快后慢。观察曲线,你会发现,学得的知识在1天后,如不抓紧复习,就只剩下原来的25%。随着时间的推移,遗忘的速度减慢,遗忘的数量也就减少。

按记忆周期复习单词:

1.第一个记忆周期:5分钟

2.第二个记忆周期:30分钟

3.第三个记忆周期:12小时

4.第四个记忆周期:1天

5.第五个记忆周期:2天

6.第六个记忆周期:4天

7.第七个记忆周期:7天

8.第八个记忆周期:15天

如果高中生每天给自己定的计划是每天150词,每天3个小时背1个新的list。每天按照计划走。

Day 1:

第一步:每一页单词10个左右需5分钟,在背下页前先返回到第一个单词快速复习一遍刚才背过的10个单词,复习的标准是试着回忆该单词的意思,此时对单词的记忆程度在90%以上,所以第二遍的复习仅需几十秒。第二页同上。用此法背完六页单词后,大概过了30分钟,到达了第二个记忆周期,此时立即再从第一页开始复习。由于之前已经背过两遍,因此仅需3分钟复习。仿效此法继续背7—12页,背完整个list大概需要1小时左右。

第二步:中午饭前花30分钟再次复习,强求全部记住是不可行的,此时只是为了晚上的最终复习打基础。

第三步:晚饭前再复习。

第四步:睡前再复习。此时是第三个记忆周期,要充分利用复习今天背诵的单词。尽量在饭前喝睡前复习,因为此时人的大脑在记忆力最好的状态,据科学研究表明,人脑在半饥饿和半清醒状态的记忆力是最棒的,所以要充分应用这一天中宝贵的记忆最佳黄金时期来背单词。

Day 2:

第二天早上起床先回忆复习第一天的单词。而后再如上法炮制。

这样复习加背诵新单词直到第五天。

Day 5:

第五天早上先把前四天的单词全部复习一遍。而后每隔四天复习前四天所背单词。

在背单词的过程中有些人会发现有些单词的意思,用法甚至读音都有很多。如果是第一遍学单词,可以分散注意力。比方说,第一次背单词的意思,第二次背发音,第三次学用法。这样最后综合起来复习的时候就会更加清晰,也避免了第一次背单词就会被众多的用法吓到不敢背下去。

三、听力口语

听力口语的积累询问了众多的英语狂热分子,他们的不二法则都是看英文电影,找老外聊天。如果对于没有太多时间看英文电影的人,或是没有机会和老外聊天,可以抽空听听VOAspecial(VOA慢速),做做听写练习。如果是应试的初高中生,平时可以充分利用上学和回家路上的时间听历年听力测试真题,并跟读,熟练后背诵,听写,甚至默写。

做到以上几点,并坚定不移的坚持下去。相信一定会达到目标的。

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