通用学术英语1张敬源课后答案unit4
通用学术英语1课后答案
通用学术英语1课后答案1、98．There is a post office ______ the fruit shop and the hospital. [单选题] *A．atB．withC．between(正确答案)D．among2、Taking the subway is quite fast and cheap. It can _______ both time and money. [单选题] *A. savesB. save(正确答案)C. earnD. use3、They were both born _______ March, 1 [单选题] *A. in(正确答案)B. atC. onD. since4、My friends will _______ me at the airport when I arrive in London. [单选题] *A. takeB. meet(正确答案)C. receiveD. have5、It’s so nice to hear from her again. ______, we last met more than thirty year ago [单选题] *A. What ‘s wordB. That’s to sayC. Go aheadD. Believe it or not(正确答案)6、Every morning John takes a（）to his office. [单选题] *A. 20-minutes' walkB. 20 minute ' walkC. 20-minutes walkD. 20-minute walk(正确答案)7、94．—Let’s go out for a picnic on Sunday.—________. [单选题] *A．Nice to meet youB．Here you areC．The same to youD．Good idea(正确答案)8、You can distinguish the twins very easily, _____Tom is quite while Jack is active. [单选题] *A. soB. butC. for(正确答案)D. and9、Whatever difficulties you have, you should not _______ your hope. [单选题] *A. give inB. give outC. give up(正确答案)D. give back10、Just use this room for the time being ,and we’ll offer you a larger one _______it becomes available [单选题] *A. as soon as(正确答案)B unless .C as far asD until11、---Where’s that report?---I brought it to you ____you were in Mr. Black’s office yesterday. [单选题] *A. ifB. when(正确答案)C. becauseD. before12、It’s one of _______ means of transportation. [单选题] *A. cheapB. convenientC. second-handD. the most convenient(正确答案)13、During the Spring Festival, people in Northern China usually eat _______ as a traditional Chinese food. [单选题] *A. pizzaB. dumplings(正确答案)C. hamburgersD. noodles14、Have you kept in（）with any of your friends from college? [单选题] *A. contractB. contact(正确答案)C. continentD. touching15、_______ after dinner is good for our health. [单选题] *A. WalksB. Walking(正确答案)C. WalkedD. Walk16、I hope Tom will arrive _______ to attend the meeting. [单选题] *A. in timesB. on time(正确答案)C. at timesD. from time to time17、His remarks _____me that I had made the right decision. [单选题] *A.ensuredB.insuredC.assured(正确答案)D.assumed18、The manager isn’t in at the moment. May I _______ a message? [单选题] *A. take(正确答案)B. makeC. haveD. keep19、Was（）that I saw last night at the concert? [单选题] *A. it you(正确答案)B. not youC. youD. that yourself20、______ the morning of September 8th, many visitors arrived at the train station for a tour.（）[单选题] *A. FromB. ToC. InD. On(正确答案)21、The young man had decided to give up the chance of studying abroad, _____ surprised his parents a lot. [单选题] *A. whenB. whereC. which(正确答案)D. that22、The paper gives a detailed（）of how to create human embryos (胚胎)by cloning. [单选题] *A. intentionB. description(正确答案)C. affectionD. effort23、A?pen _______ writing. [单选题] *A. is used toB. used toC. is used for(正确答案)D. used for24、30．It is known that ipad is _________ for the old to use. [单选题] *A．enough easyB．easy enough (正确答案)C．enough easilyD．easily enough25、17．Joe is a good student and he is busy ______ his studies every day. [单选题] *A．inB．with(正确答案)C．byD．for26、_____from far away, the 600-meter tower is stretching into the sky. [单选题] *A. SeeB. SeeingC. To seeD. Seen(正确答案)27、I could ______ control my feelings and cried loudly when I heard the bad news. [单选题] *A. hardly(正确答案)B. ?reallyC. clearlyD. nearly28、The man lost his camera and he ______ it now.（）[单选题] *A. foundB. is findingC. is looking forD. looks for(正确答案)29、There is not much news in today's paper,_____? [单选题] *A. is itB. isn't itC.isn't thereD. is there(正确答案)30、My home is about _______ away from the school. [单选题] *A. three hundred metreB. three hundreds metresC. three hundred metres(正确答案)D. three hundreds metre。
通用学术英语1答案张敬源unit2
通用学术英语1答案张敬源unit21、Patrick bought her two handbags as gifts,but _____ of them was her style. [单选题] *A. eitherB. noneC. neither(正确答案)D. all2、When you have trouble, you can _______ the police. They will help you. [单选题] *A. turn offB. turn to(正确答案)C. turn onD. turn over3、—How do you find（）birthday party of the Blairs? —I should say it was __________ complete failure．[单选题] *A．a; aB. the ; a(正确答案)C．a; /D．the; /4、( ) ________ large the library is! [单选题] *A. WhatB. What aC. How(正确答案)D. How a5、Sorry, I can't accept your invitation. [单选题] *A. 礼物B. 观点C. 邀请(正确答案)D. 好意6、He has grown rich lately. [单选题] *A. 后来B. 以后C. 终于D. 最近(正确答案)7、He spoke too fast, and we cannot follow him. [单选题] *A. 追赶B. 听懂(正确答案)C. 抓住D. 模仿8、I _______ to the tape yesterday evening. [单选题] *A. lookB. listenC. listened(正确答案)D. hear9、John had planned to leave but he decided to stay in the hotel for _____ two days because of the heavy rain. [单选题] *A. otherB. another(正确答案)C. the otherD. others10、-Do you have tickets for Friday? -Sorry, we've got _____ left. [单选题] *A. eitherB. none(正确答案)C. no oneD. neither11、I have seldom seen my father（）pleased with my progress as he is now. [单选题] *A. so(正确答案)B. veryC. tooD. rather12、Many people believe that _________one has, _______ one is, but actually it is not true. [单选题] *A. the more money ; the happier(正确答案)B. the more money ; the more happyC. the less money ; the happierD. the less money ; the more happy13、At nine yesterday morning, I ______ an English class while they ______ a PE class.（）[单选题] *A. was having; were having(正确答案)B. had; hadC. was having; hadD. had; were having14、Can you _______ this form? [单选题] *A. fillB. fill in(正确答案)C. fill toD. fill with15、—______ is it from your home to the bookstore?—About 15 kilometers.（）[单选题] *A. How far(正确答案)B. How muchC. How longD. How many16、What _______ would you like, sir? [单选题] *A. otherB. else(正确答案)C. othersD. another17、Jim wants to hang out with his friends at night, but his parents don’t allow him ______ so. （）[单选题] *A. doB. doneC. to do(正确答案)D. doing18、They might have found a better hotel if they _________ a few more kilometers. [单选题]*A. droveB. would driveC. were to driveD. had driven(正确答案)19、Nearly everything they study at school has some practical use in their life, but is that the only reason _____ they go to school? [单选题] *A. why(正确答案)B. whichC. becauseD. what20、Helen is new here, so we know _______ about her. [单选题] *A. somethingB. anythingC. everythingD. nothing(正确答案)21、( ) My mother told me _____ in bed. [单选题] *A. not readB. not readingC. don’t readD. not to read(正确答案)22、30．I want to find ______ and make much money. [单选题] * A．worksB．jobC．a job(正确答案)D．a work23、We ______ boating last weekend.（）[单选题] *A. goB. went(正确答案)C. are goingD. will go24、These plastics flowers look so_____that many people think they are real. [单选题] *A.beautifulB.artificialC.natural(正确答案)D.similar25、_____, Martin can reach the branch of that tall tree at the gate. [单选题] *A. As a short manB. Being shortC. As he is shortD. Short as he is(正确答案)26、Many people prefer the bowls made of steel to the _____ made of plastic. [单选题] *A. itB. ones(正确答案)C. oneD. them27、Which is _______ city, Shanghai, Beijing or Chengdu? [单选题] *A. largeB. largerC. largestD. the largest(正确答案)28、It is an online platform _____ people can buy and sell many kinds of things. [单选题] * A．whenB. where(正确答案)C．thatD．which29、Nuclear science should be developed to benefit the people_____harm them. [单选题] *A.more thanB.other thanC.rather than(正确答案)D.better than30、25．A watch is important in our life. It is used for ______ the time. [单选题] * A．telling (正确答案)B．sayingC．speakingD．holding。
大学英语基础教程四(张敬源)英语课后答案
Unit 1II. Developing your vocabularySection A1. overrides2. presents3. grieved4. unique5. proclaim6. conduct7. exceptionally8. revived9. rejected10. universalSection B1. dreamed of2. brought…to life3. paid tribute to4. owes…to5. come true6. traced back to7. enthusiastic about 8. believe in9. regardless of 10. above allIII. Recognizing Main Ideas1. gratitude2. tribute3. contribution4. founder5. revival6. credible7. overriding8. grieved9. reject 10. proclaimIV. Trying the translationSection A1. （tonight we are ）今晚我们欢聚一堂，共同庆祝千喜年的奥运会，运动员的奥运会，这个独特的传统，可以追溯到2500年前的古奥林匹亚。
2．(our gratitude goes) 感谢澳大利亚，新南威尔士州、悉尼和所有其他参与的社区人民和政府，感谢他们的友好接待和盛情款待！3．(the world is) 世界向你表示敬意，因你响应现代奥林匹克运动会之父顾拜旦的呼吁，于1896年在雅典令这一盛会复兴。
4．(through your conduct)通过你们的操行，使我们有理由相信体育运动越来越可信和纯洁，拒绝兴奋剂，尊重公平竞赛！5．(for a long time )长久以来，中国一直梦想着打开国门，邀请世界各地的运动员来北京参加奥运会。
张敬源学术英语1答案U4
张敬源学术英语1答案U41、Mary is interested ______ hiking. [单选题] *A. onB. byC. in(正确答案)D. at2、--Can I _______ your dictionary?--Sorry, I’m using it. [单选题] *A. borrow(正确答案)B. lendC. keepD. return3、Kate has a cat _______ Mimi. [单选题] *A. called(正确答案)B. callC. to callD. calling4、It _______ him ten minutes to solve the problem. [单选题] *A. spentB. took(正确答案)C. costD. paid5、I’d like to know the _______ of the club. [单选题] *A. schedule(正确答案)B. schoolC. menuD. subject6、_______ your help, I passed the English exam. [单选题] *A. ThanksB. Thanks to(正确答案)C. Thank youD. Thank to7、46．The pants look cool.You can ________. [单选题] * A．try it onB．try on itC．try them on(正确答案)D．try on them8、Tom is very _______. He never cleans his room. [单选题] *A. lazy(正确答案)B. activeC. shyD. healthy9、Your father is very busy, so he ______ play football with you this afternoon.（）[单选题] *A. doesn’tB. don’tC. isn’tD. won’t(正确答案)10、50．—The sweater is not the right ________ for me.—Well, shall I get you a bigger one or a smaller one? [单选题] *A．priceB．colorC．size(正确答案)D．material(材料)11、People cut down many trees ______ elephants are losing their homes. （）[单选题] *A. ifB. butC. so(正确答案)D. or12、They may not be very exciting, but you can expect ______ a lot from them.（）[单选题] *A. to learn(正确答案)B. learnC. learningD. learned13、Mary _____ be in Paris. I saw her just now on campus. [单选题] *A. mustn'tB. can't(正确答案)C. need notD. may not14、He _______ walks to school, because he lives near school. [单选题] *A. sometimes(正确答案)B. neverC. doesn’tD. don’t15、一Mary wants to invite you to see the movie today. 一I would rather she（B）me tomorrow. [单选题] *A.tellsB. told (正确答案)C. would tellD. had told16、—Where ______ you ______ for your last winter holiday?—Paris. We had a great time. （）[单选题] *A. did; go(正确答案)B. do; goC. are; goingD. can; go17、---Where’s that report?---I brought it to you ____you were in Mr. Black’s office yesterday. [单选题] *A. ifB. when(正确答案)C. becauseD. before18、17．—When ________ they leave here?—Tomorrow morning. [单选题] * A．doB．will(正确答案)C．doesD．are19、She is a girl, _______ name is Lily. [单选题] *A. whose(正确答案)B. whoC. whichD. that20、We should _______ a hotel before we travel. [单选题] *A. book(正确答案)B. liveC. stayD. have21、Kids will soon get tired of learning _____ more than they can. [单选题] *A. if they expect to learnB. if they are expected to learn(正确答案)C. if they learn to expectD. if they are learned to expect22、--What’s the weather like today?--It’s _______. [单选题] *A. rainB. windy(正确答案)C. sunD. wind23、24．Kitty’s father ______ a policeman since 2 He loves helping people. [单选题] * A．isB．wasC．has been (正确答案)D．have been24、I shall never forget the days（）we worked on the farm. [单选题] *A. when(正确答案)B. whatC. whichD. on that25、5．Shanghais is known ________ “the Oriental Pearl”, so many foreigners come to visit Shanghai very year. [单选题] *A．forB．as (正确答案)C．withD．about26、--Mom, I will not eat fast food this year. Believe me.--If you make a _______, you must keep it. [单选题] *A. jokeB. noiseC. mistakeD. promise(正确答案)27、You _____ smoke in the library, or you will be driven away. [单选题] *A. can'tB. mustn't(正确答案)C. will notD. may not28、He held his（）when the results were read out. [单选题] *A. breath(正确答案)B. voiceC. soundD. thought29、We will _______ Mary this Sunday. [单选题] *A. call on(正确答案)B. go onC. keep onD. carry on30、The car _______ after forty minutes driving, so he didn’t have the interview on time. [单选题] *A. broke down(正确答案)B. broke inC. broke outD. broke up。
通用学术英语1答案张敬源
通用学术英语1答案张敬源1、Don’t read in bed. It’s _______ your eyes. [单选题] *A. good atB. good forC. bad atD. bad for(正确答案)2、( ) ----Would you like___ tea? ----No, thanks. I have drunk two____. [单选题] *A. any, bottles of orangeB. some, bottles of orange(正确答案)C. many, bottles of orangesD. few, bottle of oranges3、It was difficult to guess what her_____to the news would be. [单选题] *A.impressionmentC.reaction(正确答案)D.opinion4、Finally,I have _____ interesting to share with you,and I am sure you will be interested in it. [单选题] *A. everythingB. something(正确答案)C. nothingD. anything5、Wang Dong usually gets up at 6:00 _______ he can catch the early school bus. [单选题] *A. as ifB. so that(正确答案)C. untilD. after6、If you know the answer, _______ your hand, please. [单选题] *A. put up(正确答案)B. put downC. put onD. put in7、The news is?_______. We are all _______ at it. [单选题] *A. exciting;?excited(正确答案)B. excited;?excitingC. exciting;?excitingD. excited;?excited8、The little boy saved his money ______ he could buy his mother a gift on Mother’s Day.（）[单选题] *A. butB. such thatC. in order toD. so that(正确答案)9、Every means _____ but it's not so effective. [单选题] *A. have been triedB. has been tried(正确答案)C. have triedD. has tried10、_____ Lucy _____ Lily has joined the swimming club because they have no time. [单选题] *A. Not only; but alsoB. Neither; nor(正确答案)C. Either; orD. Both; and11、38．These workers ___________ this bridge since one year ago. [单选题] * A．buildB．are buildingC．have built (正确答案)D．built12、( ) _____ New York _____ London have traffic problems. [单选题] *A. All…andB. Neither….norC. Both…and(正确答案)D. Either…or13、_____he was seriously ill, I wouldn’t have told him the truth. [单选题] *A.If I knewB.Had I known(正确答案)C.Did I knowD.Were I known14、33．Will Mary's mother ______ this afternoon? [单选题] *A．goes to see a filmB．go to the filmC．see a film(正确答案)D．goes to the film15、Don’t _______. He is OK. [单选题] *A. worry(正确答案)B. worried aboutC. worry aboutD. worried16、Her ideas sound right, but _____ I'm not completely sure. [单选题] *A. somehow(正确答案)B. somewhatC. somewhereD. sometime17、The reason why I didn't attend the lecture was simply（）I got a bad cold that day. [单选题] *A. becauseB. asC. that(正确答案)D. for18、She _______ love cats, but one attacked her and she doesn’t like them anymore. [单选题]*A. got used toB. was used toC. was used forD. used to(正确答案)19、The train is coming. Be ______! [单选题] *A. careful(正确答案)B. carefullyC. carelessD. care20、--_______ are the birds doing?--They are singing in a tree. [单选题] *A. WhoB. What(正确答案)C. HowD. Where21、We ______ to set up a food bank to help hungry people next week.（）[单选题] *A. hadB. are going(正确答案)C. were goingD. went22、The children were all looking forward to giving the old people a happy day. [单选题]*A. 寻找B. 期盼(正确答案)C. 看望D. 继续23、—Where did you get the book?—From my friend. I ______ it three days ago. （）[单选题] *A. lentB. borrowed(正确答案)C. keptD. returned24、Our school is beautiful. How about _______? [单选题] *A. theirs(正确答案)B. theirC. theyD. them25、At last the plane landed at the Beijing Airport safely. [单选题] *A. 平稳地B. 安全地(正确答案)C. 紧急地D. 缓缓地26、There is something wrong with my teeth. I’ve had?a _______. [单选题] *A. toothache(正确答案)B. headacheC. stomachacheD. heartache27、A healthy life is generally thought to be（）with fresh air, clean water, and homegrown food. [单选题] *A. joinedB. boundC. lackingD. associated(正确答案)28、He was?very tired，so he stopped?_____ a rest. [单选题] *A. to have(正确答案)B. havingC. haveD. had29、It’s usually windy in spring, ______ you can see lots of people flying kites.（）[单选题] *A. so(正确答案)B. orC. butD. for30、We all wondered（）Tom broke up with his girlfriend. [单选题] *A. thatB. whatC. whoD. why(正确答案)。
新时代职业英语《 通用英语1》单元测试附答案听力脚本U4
Unit 4 First AidPart 1 Listening Comprehension (15 points)Section ADirections: There are 5 recorded dialogues in this section. After each dialogue, there is a recorded question. When you hear a question, choose the correct answer.1. A. Get him a chair.B. Bring him some ice.C. Call the doctor.D. Give him a lift to hospital. 2. A. Go to the doctor's surgery with the woman.B. Go and get some shopping for the woman.C. Visit the woman and bring some medicine.D. Visit the woman to watch a movie with her.3. A. She's sprained her ankle.B. She has sunburn.Section BDirections: Listen to the two conversations and answer the questions.Conversation 2 3. Where is Mr. Smith?A. At home with his wife. B. In the garden with a friend.Unit TestC. She has burned herself with hot4. A. Work from home.C. Go to hospital.5. A. She is a little better.C. She is very ill. water.D. She's been bitten by a dog. B. Take a week off work. D. Stay in bed for the day. B. She is bored of being at home. D. She is much better now. Conversation 11. What is wrong with Steve?A. He thinks he has broken his arm.C. He thinks he has broken his finger.2. What does Liz want to do?A. Go with him to the hospital.C. Let her have a closer look at it. B. He's burned his finger.D. He's cut his finger. B. Wait and see if it gets better. D. Take him to see a basketball game.C. At the doctor's surgery with the doctor.4. What are Mr. Smith's symptoms?A. He feels worried and depressed.C. He has a headache and feels dizzy.5. Which of the following is Mr. Smith NOT told to do? B. Drink lots of water. C. Apply lotion to his skin.Section C Directions: Listen to the recorded passage three times. During the second reading, fill in the blanks with the words or phrases you hear. During the third reading, check your writing.What would you do if you were eating your lunch in a restaurant when the person next to you(1) _________________________________ ? You might panic, waiting for someone else to take action. However, anyone with (2) __________________________ would know exactly what to do. Many people admit that they would have no idea about (3)- with an emergency situation. However, with more and more(4) _______________________ offering first aid training courses, there has never been a better time to learn this important skill. So, what are you waiting for? Make learning first aid(5) _______________________ and save someone's life.Part 2 Vocabulary & Structure (30 points)Section A Choose the correct option for each sentence.1.1 don't like listening to the same music over and ________ again. A. on B.round C. over D. under2. He had a pain just underneath hisblade. JL J A. shoulderB. elbowC. ankleD. arm 3. Don't eat your food so quickly. You'llA. shoutB.chokeC. breatheD. blow4. He made a _____ __ recovery after his long illness.A. rareB. priorityC.suddenlyD. remarkable5. We believe that first _______ is a subject which should be taught in school.A. priorityB. recoveryC. aidD. help6. She thinks that looking after older people should become our top _______ .D. In the doctor's waiting room. B. He has painful red skin. D. He has a cough and a runny nose. A. Stay indoors.D. Get plenty of rest.A.hopefullyB. suddenlyC. priorityD. recovery7.1haven't seen my best friend for a long time, but_________ w e'll have the chance to meet soon.A.suddenlyB. hopefullyC. recoveryD. unfortunately8.Sally would love to come to the party, but ________ she has to study tonight.A.fortunatelyB. suddenlyC. hopefullyD. unfortunately9.We're trying to _______ our daughter to take up a sport, as she isn't very active.A.chokeB. encourageC. remarkD. shout10.Ifs so hot that I can hardly _______ in here!A.breatheB. chokeC. blowD. encourageSection BFill in each blank with the proper word given in the brackets.1.1wasn't hungry, _______________ (so/but) I didn't eat anything for breakfast.2.The schools are closed _______________ (due to/however) the weather.3.I've been ill for the past week. _______________ (However/Because), I'm feeling better today.4.______________ (Even though/Therefore) he's smart, he still has to work hard to get good grades.5.We like our school ______________ (because/but) the teachers are friendly and professional.Section CComplete the passage, using the appropriate words.ril never forget the time I had to give my best friend (1) ______________________ (first aid/over and over). It was the middle of the day and we were on holiday, (2) (because/so) we decided to go for a walk. We walked for hours and then realized we were lost. (3)_______________ (Fortunately/Unfortunately) it was very hot, andwe didn't have any water with us. Not long afterwards, my friend started to feel really ilL I didn't know what to do! My (4) ________________ (priority/recovery) was to get her out of the sun, so we found some trees and sat down in the shade. I phoned my mum, who came to get us in the car. When we got home, I kept my friend cool by giving her lots of water andletting her rest. I'm happy to say she made a fast (5) _________________________________ (encouragement/recovery)!Part 3 Reading Comprehension (40 points)TasklRead the following passage. Choose the best answer.How to treat a burnBums are one of the most common household injuries, so it's important you know how to deal with one. Follow our simple steps, so you can know exactly what to do in an emergency situation.The first thing you need to do, no matter how big or small the burn is, is to run it under cold water for at least five minutes. Make sure that you remove any jewelry or clothes on the burned area, but do not try to remove clothing which has become stuck to the skin. Never use ice to treat a burn, as this can result in further injury. You may also want to give the patient some pain relief. For small burns, this should be enough. For more severe burns though, you will need to take further action.In some cases, you will need to take further action. If there is charring (blackened skin) or blistering (bubbles on the skin) on the face, you should call emergency services or take the victim to hospital immediately. You should also take emergency action if the blackened or blistered skin covers a large area or if the patient seems dizzy, confused or starts shivering.After-care of the burn is also important. Make sure that the burn patient wears loose clothing made out of light, natural fabric as some synthetic materials can irritate the burned skin and make it worse.As with all accidents, the prevention is better than the cure. Making your home as safe as possible can help to reduce the chance of accidents happening.1 . What is the purpose of this article?A.To warn readers about dangers in the kitchen.B.To offer advice on how to deal with bums.C.To describe different types of burns.D.To advertise a first aid training course.2.According to the writer, when should you run cold water over the bum?A.Never—it is not a good idea.B.You should do this for every bum.C.You should do this for small burns.D.You only need to do this for bigger bums.3.When should you NOT remove clothing close to burned skin?A.If the clothing is natural fabric.B.If the patient doesn't want you to do this.C.If the air temperature is cold.D.If it is stuck to the skin.4.In which of the following situations should you NOT seek emergency help?A.If the patient is shivering.B.If the patient has a large area of blackened or blistered skin.C.If the patient has a small area of blackened or blistered skin.D.If the patient is dizzy or confused.5.What kind of clothing should a person wear after suffering from a bum?A.Loose clothing.B.Warm clothing.C.Tight clothing.D.Synthetic clothing.Task 2Read the following passage. Choose the best answerLife-saving teen says: T'm not a hero”When Sara Philips was walking home after an evening out with her friends, she wasn't expecting her first aid skills to be called upon.The 17-year-old student remembers, Tt was a really cold night. I was walking quickly along the main street, when suddenly I saw a shape lying on the ground. I went closer and found a man of about 70 years old.,,Ms. Philips had recently been on a first aid course at college and luckily, she knew just what to do. "Well, to begin with, I called the ambulance," she remembers. "It was a very cold night and I wasn't sure how long the man had been lying there. Next, I checked if he was breathing一fortunately, he was. I moved him into the recovery position and took off my coat to cover him with. I knew I had to be careful about moving him, as I didn't want to break any bones.”By this time, the old man had woken up, and Sara was able to talk to him. She said, T did my best to keep him calm and also to keep him awake. I spoke to him until the ambulance arnved, and found out that he'd slipped on the ice."The man was taken to the hospital and has since made a full recovery. Since then, Sara has been described as a "hero” by local media, but she says, “I'm not a hero. I'm sure I did w hat anyone else would do in the same situation."6.What was the old man doing when Sara found him?A.He was lying on the ground.B.He was calling for help.C.He was having difficulty walking.D.He was having difficulty breathing.7.What did Sara do first?A.She checked if he was breathing.B.She covered him with her coat.C.She called the ambulance.D.She moved him into the recovery position.8.What did Sara have to be extra careful about?A.Moving the man into the recovery position.B.Making sure he didn't get too warm.C.Making sure he didn't choke.D.Making sure he didn't get up.9.What had happened to the man?A.He'd had a heart attack.B.He'd fainted.C.He'd fallen over on the ice.D.He'd broken his leg.10.How does Sara feel about the way the local media has described her?A.She's very proud of it.B.She's very embarrassed about it.C.She agrees with it.D.She doesn't agree with it.Task 3Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with no more than three words."Start Young, Save Lives": First aid courses for children and families Did you know that the majority of people in this country lack the confidence to provide first aid in an emergency situation?This leads to unnecessary deaths and injuries and can put greater pressure on emergency services.Our community group is called "Start young, Save Lives”. We believe everyone should learn the skills they need to save a life and the best way to build people's confidence is to startyoung. We want to provide first aid training to young people and their families.First aid education will increase the number of children and young people who are able to help out in an emergency. It will also improve their understanding of health issues and how to care for themselves. Together, we can build a new generation of life-savers! The public will benefit from the skills young people learn and the sense of community learning first aid helps create. Young children with first aid training also feel more confident about dealing with the challenges and surprises which life brings.Our family first aid courses will begin on Saturday, June 10. The sessions will start at 10 am and finish at 3 pm with a break in the middle (please bring your own packed lunch).All are welcome and places are free, but booking is essential.11.The community group “Start Young, Save Lives” believes that many people to deal with emergency situations.12.They are going to train ___________________ to do first aid.13.According to the community group, knowing first aid helps young people to learn how to.14.If you wish to attend the course, you will need to bring your _____________________ .15.You don't ____________________ for a place on this course, but you need to book early.Task 4Directions: The following is an informal email to a friend. After reading it, fill in each blank with no more than three words.Hi Melvyn,How are things with you? You may be surprised to hear from me—I know I'm not very good at keeping in touch!I've got lots of extra time for writing emails to friends at the moment, as I'm not going to college and I'm not doing my part-time job either. The reason I'm staying at home all the time is that I've broken my leg! The doctor says it's a really bad break, and that I might be in a cast for two or three months. You know me一I hate sitting still, so this is really hard for me!It happened when I went on a skiing holiday in the winter vacation. Fm still not totally sure how it happened. One moment I was going really fast down the mountain and the next I was lying on my back, in a lot of pain! The worst thing about it was that it was only the second day of the vacation...Ever since then, I've been at home, getting lots of rest. Are you very busy at the moment?It would be great if you could come and visit me. I know you love watching movies and I've got lots of time for that right now!Please write soon!Linda16.Why is Linda staying at home?She has ___________________ .17.What is Linda not able to do?She can't ____________________ o r go to her part-time job.18.How did the accident happen?It happened when _________________ .19.When did the accident happen?It happened on ____________________ of her winter vacation.20.What does Linda want Melvyn to do?She wants him ____________________ so they can watch movies together.Part 4 Writing (15 points)Imagine you have broken your arm. Write a sick note to your college lecturer. In your email, you should:•explain what has happened.•say how long you will be at home.•attach a doctor's note.Dear Professor Green,I'm afraid I won't be able to __________________________________ because I have ______________________________ ・ This happened when I_____________________________ • I am in a cast and need to rest for Please find attached _______________________________ . When I am feeling better,YoursUnit 4 First Aid听力脚本Part 1 Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: There are 5 recorded dialogs in this section. After each dialog, there is a recorded question. When you hear a question, choose the correct answer1.M: Fve hurt my ankle and it's really sore.W: Quick, sit down. Fll get you some ice to put on it.Q: What will the woman do to help the man?2.W: I've broken my leg. It's so boring being at home alone!M: Why don't I come over? We could watch a movie together.Q: What does the man offer to do?3.M: My sister has sat in the sun fbr too long. She's really red!W: Make sure she stays indoors and drinks lots of water, OK?Q: What is wrong with the man's sister?4.W: I'm not feeling very well today, Mr. Robertson. Is it OK if I work from home?M: Sorry to hear that, Sandra. Yes, that's fine. Hopefully we'll see you tomorrow.Q: What does the woman want to do?5.M: How's your mother, Sally? I heard she was very ill.W: She's made a remarkable recovery, thank you!Q: How is the woman's mother?Section BDirections: Listen to the two conversations and answer the questions* Conversation 1W: Are you OK, Steve? You look a little pale.M: Hi Liz. Actually, my finger is really sore. I'm worried I might have broken it.W: Oh! How did that happen?M: It happened when I was playing basketball.W: Can you move it?M: I can't move it very much and it really hurts when I do.W: You might have broken it then. Come on, I'll take you to the hospital.M: Maybe I should just wait and see if it gets better.W: If your finger's broken it will need treatment, Steve. The hospital will take an X-ray and then you'll know for sure.Conversation 2W: Hello, Mr Smith. Please take a seat. What can I do for you?M: Well, I was out in the garden all day yesterday一I was sunbathing with a friend一and I'm badly sunburned.W: Yes, you do look very red. Where are you burned exactly?M: It's worst on my face and neck, but my arms are quite sore too.W: You really need to be very careful in the sun一but I suppose I don't need to tell you that now!M: I know. I feel so stupid. Ifs really painful.W: ril prescribe you some lotion and you can also take painkillers.M: Thank you, Doctor. Is there anything else I should do?W: Yes- Stay inside fbr the next few days. And don't forget to drink plenty water—at least ten glasses a day.M: OK, thank you for your advice.Section CDirections: Listen to the recorded passage three times. During the second reading, fill in the blanks with the words or phrases you hear. During the third reading, check your writing>What would you do if you were eating your lunch in a restaurant when the person next to you started to choke? You might panic, waiting fbr someone else to take action. However, anyone with knowledge of first aid would know exactly what to do. Many people admit that they would have no idea about how to deal with an emergency situation. However, with more and more workplaces and colleges offering first aid training courses, there has never been a better time to learn this important skill. So, what are you waiting fbr? Make learning first aid a priority and save someone's life.参考答案Part 1 Listening ComprehensionSection A1. B2. D3. B4. A5. DSection BConversation 1l.C 2. AConversation 23.C4. B5. DSection C(1)started to choke(2)knowledge of first aid(3)how to deal(4)workplaces and colleges(5)a priorityPart 2 Vocabulary & StructureSection Al.C 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. B 10. ASection B1. so2. due to3. However4. Even though5. becauseSection C(1) first aid (2) so (3) Unfortunately (4) priority (5) recoveryPart 3 Reading ComprehensionTaskll.B 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. ATask 26.A7. C8. A9. C 10. DTask 3ck the confidence12.young people13.care fbr themselves14.own packed lunch15.have to payTask 416.broken her leg17.go to college18.she was skiing19.the second day20.to visit herPart 4 WritingSampleDear Professor Green,I'm afraid I won't be able to come to class for the next week because I have broken my arm.This happened when I was playing baseball. I am in a cast and need to rest for one week.Please find attached the doctor's note for your reference. When I am feeling better, I will catch up with any work 1 have missed.Yours sincerely.Jessica。
学术英语(社科)-Uint-4含答案全面.ppt
Academic English for Social Sciences
精心整理
1
4
The Study of Society and People
We live in a world today that is increasingly more complex. Why are the living conditions of our times so different from those of earlier times? How will our lives change in the future? These are the questions that lead us to the study of sociology.
精心整理
Unit 4
The Study of Society and
Text A
Critical reading and thinking of Text A
Text Analysis
People How do the authors develop the text?
2 Explain what is sociology, including definition, scope, nature& objectives, content, and functions.
精心整理
Unit 4
The Study of Society and
Text A
Critical reading and thinking of Text A
People
Text Analysis
How do the authors develop the text?
学术英语课后答案 unit4
Unit 4 Writing a Literature ReviewI. Teaching ObjectivesIn this unit, you will learn how to:1.write a self-contained literature review2.write a literature review as a part of an essay3.cite sources by correct quotation and paragraphs4.give the appropriate documentation to the source you use5.avoid different kinds of plagiarism6.identify common knowledge7.acquire paraphrasing skills8.enhance language skills related with reading and listening material presented in this unit II. Teaching Procedures1 Writing a literature reviewTask 11 The four articles were published right after the Fukushima disaster in Japan and all addressed the topic of potential risks of nuclear radiation.2 Radiation is not so terrible as expected and human beings are exposed to different sources of radiation every day. Whether it will endanger human health or not depends on the duration and strength of radiation exposure.3 Amber Cornelio holds a different attitude from the other three authors. He believes that radiation exposure will certainly raise the risk of getting cancer and government officials downplay its potential danger to justify its use of nuclear power.4 Answers may vary.5 It seems that Text 11, 12, 14 provide more scientific facts about nuclear radiation than Text 13 which is more emotionally charged by using many rhetorical questions and phrases like “I am simply floored”, “let officials be oblivious”, “not to be outdone”, “Do not tell us about that”. Hence it appears less reliable and trustworthy.Task 2Compared with uranium which the production of conventional nuclear power needs, there is more lithium in the sea water which can support 30 million years’ fusion fuel.Task 31 Review the previous related studies2 State the previous s tudies’ limitation3 Announce the direction for further studies2 Writing a self-contained literature reviewTask 11 Stigmatization, a kind of social rejection, is big challenge to the mentally ill. They are rejected by people because of the label they carry or that their behaviors indicate that they belong to a certain labeled group.2 To report the past studies of the topic. Studies have proved that stigmatization of the mentally ill is caused by the public’s belief in myths about the dangerousnes s of the mentally ill and exposing those myths can reduce stigmatization.3 Three articles.4 Pescosolido & Tuch (2000) thought that a common respond to the mentally ill are rejection and fear of violence. Another article concluded that rejection and fear are caused by less contact with mentally ill. Alexander and Link (2003) found that any type of contact with mentally ill individuals reduced perceptions of dangerousness of the target.5 1) What are major causes for the rejection and fear, and can they be reduced?2) This finding is verified by Alexander and Link (2003).Task 2Text 11Title: Risks of Nuclear PowerAuthor(s): Bernard L. CohenSource: .Summary: Radiation from nuclear power is feared to have the potential of causing a cancer or some genetic diseases. This fear, however, is dismissed by Cohen after he compares artificial radiation and the radiation that occurs naturally in our environment, analyzing their respective impact on human health. Cohen separately discusses the different sources of nuclear power risks and arrives at the following conclusions: 1) the probability of real reactor accidents, with the safety system of defense in depth, are extremely small; 2) radioactive waste, if properly handled, causes negligible damage; 3) other radiation problems, such as accidents in transportation or radon exposures in mining, are also not so threatening as they seem to be. In summary he believes that radiation due to nuclear power will cause much fewer cancers and deaths than coal burning. (130 words)Text 12Title: How Radiation Threatens HealthAuthor(s): Nina BaiSource: Scientific AmericanSummary: Nina Bai addresses the widespread concerns over the health effects of radiation exposure in the wake of Fukushima nuclear crisis. She discusses three determinative factors: thelevel, type and duration of radiation exposure. First, radiation sickness usually occurs when there is excessive dose of exposure, though the limits of radiation level differ for the general public, radiation workers, and patients going through medical radiation. Second, of the four types of ionizing radiation, gamma, X-ray, alpha, and beta, the latter two, albeit being lower energy, are more likely to cause health damage. Third, a very high single dose of radiation can be more harmful than the same dosage accumulated over time. Finally, Bai draws on the lesson of Chernobyl, and concludes radiation exposure within reasonable limit is not so fearful and it is good to exercise caution. (136 words)Text 13Title: Should Nuclear Radiation Found in Domestic Milk Come as a Surprise?Author(s): Amber CornelioSource: http://www. Summary: Amber Cornelio (2011) maintains that radiation from Japan’s Fukushima disaster h as threatened the daily life of ordinary Americans. He challenges the government’s view that radioactive materials detected in domestic milk, vegetables and rainwater will pose no public health concern. He suspects that the government is downplaying the potential dangers of radiation to justify its use of nuclear power. He believes the government has failed to do the job of protecting people. In the end, he urges the government to be more responsible and stop building power plants on a faulty line. He warns that covering up the facts is not the key to avoid similar disasters in the future. (108 words) 66Text 14Title:Radiation and Health: The Aftershocks of Japan’s Nuclear DisasterAuthor(s): Susan BlumenthalSource: http://www. Summary: Susan Blumenthal (2011) aims to inform people of nuclear radiation with scientific facts. She starts the essay with a reference to the worldwide spread of fear in the wake of Fukushima disaster and then explains what radiation is. The explanation is followed by a report of different types of radioactive materials released into the air. She goes on to tell that an exposure to those materials will increase the risks of some major diseases. However, she concedes radiation is not so menacing as was assumed and humans are exposed to naturally occurring radiation every day. Whether radiation is harmful to health or not depends on two contexts: the duration and strength of the exposure. She warns that exposure to high doses of radiation can lead to acute health problems. Long-term low dose exposure to radiation is equally fatal. (137words)Task 3The release of substantial amounts of radiation into the atmosphere from Fukushima nuclear plant has triggered widespread concerns over the use of nuclear power and the health effects of radiation exposure. Since the Chernobyl disaster, especially the Fukushima nuclear crisis, many scientists and scholars have attempted to estimate the effect of nuclear radiation on human health. Cohen (2011) believes the fear that nuclear radiation will cause a cancer or other genetic diseases is unnecessary. He made a detailed analysis of the effects of accidents in nuclear power plants,accidents in transporting radioactive materials and escape of radioactive wastes from confinement systems on human health by comparing the effects of coal burning. Cohen arrived at the following conclusions: nuclear radiation, if properly handled, causes negligible damage and much fewer deaths than coal burning. Cohen’s idea is shared by Bai (2011). Bai discussed three determinative factors: the level, type and duration of radiation exposure. She found that radiation sickness usually occurs only when there is excessive dose of exposure. Second, of the four types of ionizing radiation, gamma, X-ray, alpha, and beta, the latter two are more likely to cause health damage. Third, a very high single dose of radiation can be more harmful than the same dosage accumulated over time. Bai concluded that radiation exposure within reasonable limit is not so fearful and it is good to exercise caution. Blumenthal (2011) did similar research. She examined different types of radioactive materials released into the air. She found that an exposure to those materials would increase the risks of some major diseases. However, the radiation is not somenacing as was assumed as humans are exposed to naturally occurring radiation every day. She believes that whether radiation is harmful to health or not depends on two contexts: the duration and strength of the exposure. Only exposure to high doses of radiation or long-term low dose exposure could lead to acute health problems.Contrary to the three scholars, however, Cornelio (2011) maintained that radiation from Japan’s Fukushima disaster threatened the daily life o f ordinary Americans. He challenges the government’s view that radioactive materials detected in domestic milk, vegetables and rainwater will pose no public health concern. He suspects that the government is downplaying the potential dangers of radiation to justify its use of nuclear power. Hence he urges the government to be more responsible and stop building power plants on a faulty line.3 Writing a literature review as a part of an essayTask 11 Content-based instruction (CBI) is an alternative approach to teaching English. In such an approach, language teaching is integrated within discipline-specific content courses. The major goal is to equip students with academic literacy skills across the curriculum. CBI has gained wide acceptance in U.S. undergraduate institutions.2 Numerous research studies demonstrate consistently that content-based second language teaching promotes both language acquisition and academic success.3 More than 10 articles.4 The literature on CBI has focused mainly on its most immediate effects, i.e., the outcomes of one or two semesters in which content-based instruction was provided. Studies on the sustained or long-term benefits of content-based language instruction are scarce.5 The writer plans to study how will C BI impact students’ future performance both in terms of academic courses and English proficiency.Task 2Nuclear Radiation and Its Long-Term Health EffectThere is a constant controversy as to the application of nuclear power and risks from nuclear radiation ever since the Chernobyl disaster. Especially the release of substantial amounts ofradiation into the atmosphere from Japan’s Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant in 2010 has triggered the widespread fear and concerns over risks of radiation leaks, radiation exposure, and their impact on people’s health. The commonsensical and intuitive response of the public is that nuclear radiation is most likely to cause a cancer or genetic diseases. Many researchers, however, assured the public that there is no substantial danger as assumed, and nuclear power is not as fearful or menacing as it seems to be. Cohen (2011), Blumenthal (2011) and Bai (2011), for example, cited numerical evidence and resorted to scientific facts to illustrate that a certain level of nuclear radiation risks won’t pose real danger if handled properly with the current technology available or by following the prescribed rules. They do admit the possibility of radiation initiating certain kinds of diseases, though. Only exposure to high doses of radiation or long-term low dose exposure could lead to acute health problems (Bai 2011). Nevertheless, not everyone agrees. Cornelio (2011), on the other hand, holds that nuclear radiation is most likely to threaten people’s health by contaminating milk, vegetables, and rainwater.The literature on the relationship between radiation and health largely focused on the manageability of nuclear risks and played down the damage that nuclear radiation is likely to cause. The researches generally took a detour as to whether there is any solid evidence to bear out the long-term health impact of nuclear radiation. There needs to be more well-grounded studies on the correlation between radiation and health, and on the possible long-term health effects in order to address the concerns of the general public. Besides, we also need to answer questions like “Why is there a disparity between the commonsensical feeling of the public and the explication offered by experts concerning nuclear radiation and health?”, “Are scientists biased and use the facts and statistics to their favor?” and “Is there a long-term negative health impact if one takes moderate doses of nuclear contaminated food over a long period?”Task 3Answers may vary.Task 4Answers may vary.4 CitationTask 1Order Name and date Quotation Paraphrase1 Newell and Simon (1972)√2 Feigenbaum and Feldman (1963) √3 Polya (1945)√4 Minsky (1968)√Task 2Technology plays an ever important role in the making discoveries. Throughout scientific history, many discoveries have been made because of the application of more sophisticated devises and equipment. For example, Galileo’s great discovery was attributed to the improv ementof machinery for making telescopes. And thanks to the Deep See Explorer II, life forms are now known to exist in the deeper parts of the Pacific Ocean despite the great pressure, a fact which defies the previous opinion that there was no life at the extreme depth. (Jones, 2001:125)Task 3Human activities are chiefly responsible for climate change. Despite the dispute as to whether global warming is caused by human activities (McGuire, 2001), carbon dioxide has been proved the major factor for climate change. Carbon dioxide will form a thick gas layer as it is constantly building up in the atmosphere. The gas layer is the killer of the ozone layer—the layer which protects the Earth from harmful radiation, thus causing global warming. It is documented that carbon dioxide (CO2) is emitted in a number of ways, among which the burning of fossil fuel can obviously release a great amount of CO2 into the atmosphere (Dalleva, 2007). Another way is deforestation, such as the conversion of forestland to farms, ranches, or urban use. According to Border (2011) 15 to 20% of total carbon dioxide emissions is attributed to land use changes.5 Documentation6 Avoiding plagiarismTask 1Answers may vary.Task 21 The sun rises in the east. (CK)2 Paris is the capital of France. (CK)3 Fudan is one of the best universities in China. (not CK)4 Shanghai students speak better English than Sichuan Students because of less accent. (not CK)5 Chinese college students are mostly scientific illiterate. (not CK)6 There are 1.3 billion residents in China in 2011. (CK)7 One can never judge a person by his appearance. (CK)Task 31: a) lacks both the inside acknowledgement and the reference.2: a) lacks the inside acknowledgement.3: a) fails to use the quotation mark when it uses the exact words of the original.4: a) lacks both the inside acknowledgement and the reference.5: a) lacks the inside acknowledgement.6: a) lacks the inside acknowledgement.7: a) doesn’t use the quotation mark when it uses the exact words of the original.8: a) lacks the inside acknowledgement.7 ParaphrasingTask 11: a)2: b)Task 23 Instructivists hold that the “real world”, external to individuals, can be represented as knowledge and determines what will be understood by individuals. This view has been shifting to a constructivist view over the past decade (Merriënboer, 1997).4 Two components must be present in an instructional design theory. The first component (methods) describes how human learning will be supported, and the second component (situation) describes when certain methods ought to be used (Reigeluth, 1999).5 According to Heimlich (1992), man has always had an interest in the environment both as a source of raw materials and as a refuge for the human spirit. Nowadays, the two main e nvironmental interests are based on the concept of “a better quality of life”, as well as the need to replenish the sources of raw materials. In comparison with the pre-1960s, much greater interest in the environment is currently being expressed.6 According to Gredler (2001), the same factors apply to developing complex skills in a classroom setting as to developing complex skills in any setting. A response must be induced, then reinforced as it gets closer to the desired behavior. Reinforcers have to be scheduled carefully, and cues have to be withdrawn gradually so that the new behaviors can be transferred and maintained.Task 31. Use a synonym of a word or phrase1) They can intrude deep inside the human body where they can damage biological cells and thereby cause a cancer.2) If radioactive material is absorbed into the body, however, it is actually the lower energy alpha and beta radiation that becomes the more dangerous.3) I am simply shocked that officials are understating nuclear radiation levels in the United States as a result of the Fukushima disaster!4) Let officials be forgetful, the rest of us saw it approaching.5) On March 11, 2011, a dimension 9.0 earthquake attacked Japan, causing a destructive tsunami that tore through the coastal regions and leveled the villages in its path.2. Change the order of information1) How the spent fuel is dealt with determines the effects of routine releases of radioactivity from nuclear plants.2) It is difficult to measure the effects of long-term, low-dose radiation.3) One indication of the terrible situation in Japan is that no sensible man wants to visit there again for the next 80 to 100 years.4) Understandably, panic among masses is what the authorities try to avoid.5) Burns or other symptoms of acute radiation syndrome (ARS) vary from person to persondepending on the strength of radiation and the level of exposure.3. Change from the active to the passive or vice versa1) Our cancer risk should be eventually increased by 0.002% (one part in 50,000), thus our life expectancy reduced by less than one hour due to the radiation brought by nuclear technology. 2) 180,000 people have been evacuated by the Japanese government from within a 20 kilometer radius of the Fukushima Daiichi complex.3) Farmers in Japan were asked to keep cows and cattle in barns by Government officials as radioactive contamination of milk spread from Fukushima prefecture, north of Tokyo.4) A sheet of paper can often block Alpha and beta particle radiation as it is lower energy.5) A broad range of acute health problems will arise only among the individuals who are exposed to high doses of radiation such as reactor worker.4. Change the positive into the negative and vice versa1) Since our body cells fail to distinguish between natural radiation and radiation from the nuclear industry.2) No number of noticeable deaths from coal burning was larger than in an air pollution incident where there were 3,500 extra deaths in one week.3) Should any increase in radiation due to a nuclear disaster instead of naturally occurring, be of concern?4) The dairy industry will not stop working closely with federal and state government agencies to ensure that we maintain a safe milk supply.5) Almost no one will experience a broad range of acute health problems due to their exposure to high doses of radiation except for the individuals close to the source of radiation such as reactor workers.5. Change personal nouns into impersonal nouns and vice versa1) The attack of sex cells can cause genetic diseases in progeny.2) Unawareness of the danger led parents to serve contaminated milk to their children.3) Our perplexity results from the increases in diseases, obesity and erratic behavior among our malnutritioned populace.4) Then again, officials tend to downplay everything, so that panic doesn’t occur among the masses.5) A person who is exposed to low dose but long-term radiation will develop chronic health condition including cancer.6. Change complex sentences into simple sentences and vice versa1) There is little likelihood, if any, for the failure of each system in this series of back-ups exists.2) We should not be worried at all.3) The increase in cancer risk is too small to determine unless many exposed subjects are studies.4) Any exposure will lead to certain damage and safety problem.5) Despite a lot of news distraction, we still notice the dire current situation.8 Enhancing your academic languageReading: Text 111 Match the words with their definitions.1 i2 f3 g4 c5 h6 a7 b8 e9 d 10 j2 Complete the following expressions or sentences by using the target words listed below with the help of the Chinese in brackets. Change the form if necessary.1 breach2 shallow3 implement4 survivor(s)5 hypothetical6 initiate7 potential8 despite9 neutralize 10 contact 11 transport 12 volume 13 penetrate 14 confirm 15 strategy 16 estimate 17 noticeable 18 generation 19 avert 20 medical 21 disperse 22 integrity 23 compensate3 Read the sentences in the box. Pay attention to the parts in bold.Now complete the paragraph by translating the Chinese in brackets. You may refer to the expressions and the sentence patterns listed above.is associated with nuclear energy（和原子能有联系）depends somewhat on（某种程度上取决于）take care of（来对付）radiation leakage takes place（辐射泄漏发生）arises from long-time exposure of radiation（由于长时间暴露在辐射下）4 Translate the following sentences from Text 11 into Chinese.1 辐射自然存在于我们的环境当中，一般人每秒钟都遭受着自然中15000个粒子的辐射，而一次普通的医疗X 光检查则带有1000亿个粒子的辐射。
学术英语(管理)含课后答案Unit
The Importance of Academic English
学术英语对于学生的学术发展至关重要。在全球化的时代，许多学科领域的最新 研究成果和进展都以英语发表，因此学生需要掌握足够的英语学术能力才能跟上 学术前沿。
03
The Application of Academic English in
Management
The necessity of academic English in management
Globalization
As the world becomes more interconnected, the need for English as a common language for business communication has increased. Academic English provides the necessary vocabulary and language skills required for effective communication in management.
Managing across different cultures can be challenging, as cultural norms and business practices vary. Academic English should be used with caution and sensitivity to cultural differences, ensuring that communication is culturally appropriate.
学术英语（医学）课后问题答案
Unit11、Some factors that may lead to the complaint:·Neuron overload·Patients* high expectations·Mistrust and misunderstanding between the patient and the doctorcondition:2、Mrs. Osorio’s·A 56-year-old woman·Somewhat overweight·Reasonably well-controlled diabetes and hypertension·Cholesterol on the high side without any medications for it·Not enough exercises she should take·Her bones a little thin on her last DEXA scan3、Good things:·Blood tests done·Glucose a little better·Her blood pressure a little better but not so great Bad things:·Cholesterol not so great·Her weight a little up·Her bones a little thin on her last DEXA scan 44、The situation:·The author was in a moderate state of panic: juggling so many thoughts aboutMrs. Osorio’s conditions and trying to resolve them all before the clock ran down.·Mrs. Osorio made a trivial request, not so important as compared to her conditions.and completely justified ·Mrs. Osorio seemed to care only about her “innocent ——request”：the form signed by her doctor.·The doctor tried to or at least pretended to pay attention to the patient whilecompleting documentation.5、Similarities:·In computer multitasking, a microprocessor actually performs only one task at a time. Like microprocessors, we human beings carft actually concentrate on two thoughts at the same exact time. Multitasking is just an illusion both in computersand human beings.Differences:·The concept of multitasking originated in computer science.·At best, human beings can juggle only a handful of thoughts in a multitasking manner, but computers can do much better.·The more thoughts human beings juggle, the less human beings are able to attune fully to any given thought, but computers can do much better.6、·7 medical issues to consider·5 separate thoughts, at least, for each issue·7 x 5 = 35 thoughts·10 patients that afternoon·35 x 10 = 350 thoughts·5 residents under the authors supervision·4 patients seen by each resident·10 thoughts, at least, generated from each patient·5 x 4 x 10 = anther 200 thoughts·350 + 200 = 550 thoughts to be handled in total·If the doctor does a good job juggling 98% of the time, that still leaves about 10 thoughts that might get lost in the process.7、Possible solutions:·Computer-generated reminders·Case managers·Ancillary services·The simplest solution: timeUnit21、The author implies:Peoples inadequate consciousness about the consequence of neglecting the re- emerging infectious diseases·Unjustifiability of peoples complacency about the prevention and control of theinfectious diseases·Unfinished war against infectious diseases2、Victory declarations:·Surgeon General William Stewart's hyperbolic statement of closing “the book on infectious disease”.·A string of impressive victories incurred by antibiotics and vaccines·The thought that the war against infectious diseases was almost overWhat followed ever since:·Appearance of new diseases such as AIDS and Ebola·Comeback of the old afflictions:Diphtheria in the former Soviet UnionTB in urban centers like New York CityRising Group A streptococcal conditions like scarlet fever·The fear of a powerful new flu strain sweeping the world3、Elaborate on the joined battle:·WHO established a new division devoted to worldwide surveillance and controlof emerging disease in October 1995.·CDC launched a prevention strategy in 1994.·Congress raised fund from $6.7 million in 1995 to $26 million in 1997.4、The borders are meaningless to pathogenic microbes, which can travel fromone country to another remote country in a very short time.5、TB:·Prisons and homeless shelters as ideal places for TB spread·Emerging of drug-resistant strain or even multi-drug-resistant strain·A ride on the HIV w^on by attacking the immunocompromisedGroup A strep:·A change in virulence·Mutation in the exterior of the bacteriumFlu:Constant changes in its coat (surface antigens) and resultant changes in its levelof virulence6、Examples:·Experiment in England is seeing the waning immunity because of no vaccination. ·Du e to poor vaccination efforts, the diphtheria situation in the former Soviet Union is serious. 'The vaccination rates are dropping in some American cities, and it will lead to more diphtheria and whooping cough.7、The four areas of focus:·The need for surveillance·Updated science capable of dealing with discoveries in the field·Appropriate prevention and control·Strong public health infrastructure8、The infectious diseases such as TB, flu, diphtheria and scarlet fever will never really go away, and the war against them will never end.Unit31、Terry's life before·She loved practicing Tae Kwon Do·She loved the surge of adrenaline that came with the controlled combat of tournaments.·She competed nationally, even won bronze medal in the trials for the Pan American Games.·She attended medical school, practiced as an internal medicine resident, and became an academic general internist.·She got married and got a son and a daughter.2、The symptoms of MS and autoimmune disease:·Loss of stamina and strength·Problems with balance·Bouts of horrific facial pain·Dips in visual acuity3、Terry did the following before she self-experimented:·She started injections.·She adopted many pharmacotherapies.·She began her own study of literature:She read articles on websites such as PubMed.She searched for articles testing new MS drugs in animal models.She turned to articles concerning neurodegeneration of all types — dementia，Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and Lou Gehrig's disease.She relearned basic sciences such as cellular physiology, biochemistry, andneurophysiology.4、Approaches Terry mainly used:·Self-experimentation with various nutrients to slow neurodegeneration based on literature reports on animal models·Self-experimentation with neuromuscular electrical stimulation which is not an approved treatment for MS·Online search to identify the sources of micronutrients and having a new diet ·Reduction of food allergies and toxic load5、Cases mentioned in the text:·Increased mercury stores in the brains of people with dental fillings·High levels of the herbicide atrazine in private wells in Iowa·The strong association between pesticide exposure and neurodegeneration·The association of single nucleotide polymorphisms involving metabolism of sulfur and/or B vitamins·Inefficient clearing of toxins6、With 70% to 90% of the risk for diabetes, heart disease, cancer, andautoimmunity being due to environmental factors other than the genes, we cantake many health problems and the health care crisis under our control, for example, optimizing our nutrition and reducing our toxic load.Unit41、Two concepts:·Complementary medicine refers to the use of conventional therapies together with alternative treatments such as using acupuncture in addition to usual care to help lessen pain. Complementary and alternative medicine is shortened as CAM.·Alternative medicine refers to healing treatments that are not part of conventional therapies —like acupuncture, massage therapy, or herbal medicine. They are called so because people used to consider practices like these outside the mainstream.2·TCM does not require advanced, complicated, and in most cases, expensivefacilities.·TCM employs needles, cups, coins, to mention but a few.·Most procedures and operations of TCM are noninvasive.·The substances used as medicine are raw herbs or abstracts from them, andthey are indeed all natural, from nature.·TCM has been practiced as long as the Chinese history, so the efficiency i s proven and ensured.·Ongoing research around the world on acupuncture, herbs, massage and Tai Chi have shed light on some of the theories and practices of TCM3、It may be used as an adjunct treatment, an alternative, or part of a comprehensive management program for a number of conditions: post-operativeand chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting, post-operative dental pain, addiction, stroke rehabilitation, headache, menstrual cramps, tennis elbow, fibromyalgia, myofascial pain, osteoarthritis, low back pain, carpal tunnel syndrome, and asthma.4、A well-justified NO:·More intense research to uncover additional areas for the use of acupuncture ·Higher adoption of acupuncture as a common therapeutic modality not only in treatment but also in prevention of disease and promotion of wellness·Exploration and perfection of innovative methods of acupuncture point stimulation with technological advancement·Improved understanding of neuroscience and other aspects of human physiology and function by basic research on acupuncture·Greater interest by stakeholders·An increasing number of physician acupuncturists5、·Appropriate uses of herbs depend on proper guidance:Proper TCM diagnosis of the zheng of the patientCorrect selection of the corresponding therapeutic strategies and principles that guide the choice of herbs and herbal formulas·Digression from either of the above guidence will lead to misuses of herbs, andwill result in complications in patient6、·Randomized controlled trialsAdvantages:Elimination of the potential bias in the allocation of participants to the intervention group or control groupTendency to produce comparable groupsGuaranteed validity of statistical tests of significanceLimitations:Difficulty in generalizing the results obtained from the selected sampling to the population as a wholeA poor choice for research where temporal factors are anissueExtremely heavy resources, requiring very large samplegroupsQuasi-experimentsAdvantages:Control group comparisons possibleReduced threats to external validity as natural environments do notsuffer the same problems of artificiality as compared to a well-controlledlaboratory setting.Generalizations of the findings to be made about population since quasiexperiments are natural experimentsLimitations：Potential for non-equivalent groups as quasi-experimental designs donot use random sampling in constructing experimental and controlgroups.Potential for low internal validity as a result of not using random sampling methods to construct the experimental and control groupsCohort studiesAdvantages:Clear indication of the temporal sequence between exposure and outcomeParticular use for evaluating the effects of rare or unusual exposureAbility to examine multiple outcomes of a single risk factorLimitations:Larger, longer, and more expensiveProne to certain types of biasNot practical for rare outcomesCase-control studiesAdvantages:The only feasible method in the case of rare diseases and those with longperiods between exposure and outcomeTime and cost effective with relatively fewer subjects as compared to other observational methodsLimitations：Unable to provide the same level of evidence as randomized controlled trialsas it is observational in natureDifficult to establish the timeline of exposure to disease outcomeN=1” trials“AdvantagesEasy to manageInexpensiveLimitations：Findings difficult to be generalized to the whole populationWeakest evidence due to the number of the subject7、Synthesis of evidence is completely dependent on:The completeness of the literature search (unavailable for foreign studies)The accuracy of evaluation·There are situations in which no answer can be found for the questions of interest in RCTs and database analyses.·There's the requirement of using less stringent information rather than “hard data”8、·Assessment of the intrinsic value of traditional medicine in society·Research and education·Political, economic, and social factorsUnit51、·Dis-ease refers to the imbalance arising from：Continuous stressPainHardships·Disease is a health crisis ascribable to various dis-eases.·Prompting elimination of dis-eases can alleviate some diseases.2、·Wellness is a state involving every aspect of our being: body, mind and spirit.·Manifestations of a healthy person:Energy and vitalityA certain zip in gaitA warm feeling of peace of heart seen through behavior3、·Constant messages, positive and negative，are sent to our mind about the health of our body.·Physical symptoms are suppressed by people who go through life on automatic pilot.·Being well equals to being disease- or illness-free in the minds of them.·They confused wellness with an absence of symptoms.4、·People's minds are infected by spin:Half-truthFearful fictionsBlatant deceit: some as a form of self-deceit·Spin is a result of unconscious living.·The kind of falseness is pandemic.5·Our body intelligence is suppressed or dormant from a lack of use.·There are tremendous amount of stress on a daily basis.·Our bodies are easily ignored for years because of a lack of recreation time. ·Limiting, self-defeating and even self-destructive behaviors undermine our wellbeing and keep them from achieving our full potential.6·We grow more reluctant to take risks.·We lose the ability to feel and acknowledge our deepest feelings and the courage to speak our truth.·We continue to deny and repress our feelings to protect ourselves.·Fear, denial and disconnection from our bodies and feelings become an unconscious, self-protective habit, a kind of default response to life.7·A multi-faceted process:Looking for roots of and resolutions for the issues in different dimensionsBuilding our wellness toolbox slowlyPicturing our whole state of being·Attention to the little stuff:Examining our lives honestly and setting clear intentions to changeStriving to maintain a balance of our mind, body and spiritTaking small steps in the way to perceive and resolve conflict8·Try to awaken and evolve in order to live more consciously.·Get in touch with our genuine feelings and emotions.·Come to terms with the toxic emotionsUnit61、In the past, most people died at home. But now, more and more people are caredin hospitals and nursing homes at their end of life, which of course brings a newset of questions to consider.2、·Sixty-four years old with a history of congestive heart failure·Deciding to do everything medically possible to extend his life·Availability of around-the-clock medical services and a full range of treatmentchoices, tests, and other medical care·Relaxed visiting hours, and personal items from home3、Availability of around-the-clock medical resources, including doctors, nurses, andfacility.4、·Taking on a job which is big physically, emotionally, and financially·Hiring a home nurse for additional help·Arranging for services (such as visiting nurses) and special equipment (like ahospital bed or bedside commode)5、·Health insurance·Planning by a professional, such as a hospital discharge plaimer or a social worker·Help from local governmental agencies·Doctor's supervision at home6、·Traditionally, it is only about symptom care.·Recently, it is a comprehensive approach to improving the quality of life for people who are living with potentially fatal diseases.7、·Stopping treatment specifically aimed at curing an illness equals discontinuing all treatment.·Choosing a hospice is a permanent decision.Unit71、·A dying patient·Decision whether to withdraw life-support machines and medication and startcomfort measures·The family's refusal to make any decision or withdraw any treatments2、·The doctor as exclusive decision-maker·The patient as participant with little say in the final choice3、·Respect for the patient, especially the patient s autonomy·Patient-centered care·The patient as decision-maker based on the information provided by the doctor4、·Patients are forced to make decisions they never want to.·Patients, at least a large majority of them, prefer their doctors to make final decisions.·Shifting responsibility of decision-making to patients will bring about more stress to patients and their families, especially when the best option for the patient is uncertain.5、Doctors are very much cautious about committing some kind of ethicaltransgression.6、·Shouldering responsibility together with the patient may be better than havingthe patient make decisions on their own.·Balancing between paternalism and respect for patients autonomy constitutes alarge part of medical practice.Unit81、·Research:An activity to test hypothesis, to permit conclusions to be drawn, and thereby to develop or contribute to generalizable knowledge·Practice:Interventions solely to enhance the well-being of an individual patient or client and that have a reasonable expectation of success·Blurred distinction:Cooccurrence of research and practice like in research designed to evaluate a therapyNotable departure s from standard practice being called “experimental” withl”and “research” carelessly definedthe terms “experimenta2、·Autonomy：Individuals treated as autonomous agents .·Protection:Persons with diminished autonomy entitled to protection·A case in point:Prisoners involved in research3·“Do no harm” as the primary principle·Maximization of possible benefits and minimization of possible harms .·Balance between benefits and potential risks involved in every step of seedingthe benefits4、·“Do no harm” as a fundamental principle of medical ethics·Extension of it to the realm of research by Claude Bernard·Benefits and risks as a set “duet” in both medical practice and research 5、·Unreasonable denial of entitled benefit and unduly imposed burden：Enrolment of patients in new drug trial: Who should be enrolled and who should not?·Equal treatment of equals:Determining factors of equality: age, sex, severity of the condition, financial status, social status6、·Definition:The opportunity to choose what shall or shall not happen to them·Application:A process rather than signing a written formAdequate information as the premiseA well-informed decision as the expected result7、·Requirements for consent as entailed by the principle of respect for persons ·Risk/benefit assessment as entailed by the principle of beneficence ·More requirements of fairness as entailed by the principle of justice: At the individual level: fairnessAt the social level: distinction between classes。
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通用学术英语1张敬源课后答案unit4
1、（）, it would be much more sensible to do it later instead of finishing it now. [单选题] *
A. Finally
B. Mildly
C. Actually(正确答案)
D. Successfully
2、—I can’t always get good grades. What should I do?—The more ______ you are under, the worse grades you may get. So take it easy!（）[单选题] *
A. waste
B. interest
C. stress(正确答案)
D. fairness
3、In many cities, a low-carbon lifestyle has become（）. [单选题] *
A. more popular and more popular
B. more and more popular(正确答案)
C. the most popular
D. most and most popular
4、19．Students will have computers on their desks ________ . [单选题] *
A．in the future(正确答案)
B．on the future
C．at the moment
D．in the past
5、All he _______ was a coat. [单选题] *
A. had on(正确答案)
B. had to
C. had a rest
D. had a good time
6、Now people can _______ with their friends far away by e-mail, cellphone or letter. [单选题] *
A. keep on
B. keep in touch(正确答案)
C. keep up
D. keep off
7、32．Mr. Black is ______ now, so he wants to go to a movie with his son. [单选题] * A．busy
B．free(正确答案)
C．healthy
D．right
8、The little girl held _____ in her hand. [单选题] *
A. five breads
B. five piece of breads
C. five piece of bread
D. five pieces of bread(正确答案)
9、—These shoes look cool. ______ are they?—They are on sale, only $（）[单选题] *
A. How much(正确答案)
B. How long
C. How many
D. How soon
10、A?pen _______ writing. [单选题] *
A. is used to
B. used to
C. is used for(正确答案)
D. used for
11、He doesn’t smoke and hates women _______. [单选题] *
A. smokes
B. smoke
C. smoked
D. smoking(正确答案)
12、We’re proud that China _______ stronger and stronger these years. [单选题] *
A. will become
B. became
C. is becoming(正确答案)
D. was becoming
13、As soon as he _______, he _______ to his family. [单选题] *
A. arrived, writes
B. arrived, written
C. arrived, wrote(正确答案)
D. arrives, write
14、_______ win the competition, he practiced a lot. [单选题] *
A. Because
B. In order to(正确答案)
C. Thanks to
D. In addition to
15、76．AC Milan has confirmed that the England star David Beckham （）the team soon. [单选题] *
A. has rejoined
B. was going to rejoin
C. rejoined
D. is to rejoin(正确答案)
16、Thank you very much. You gave us ____ our factory needed. [单选题] *
A. information
B. informations
C. the information(正确答案)
D. the informations
17、11．________ big furniture shop it is! [单选题] *
A．How
B．What
C．What a (正确答案)
D．What an
18、You could hardly imagine _______ amazing the Great Wall was. [单选题] *
A. how(正确答案)
B. what
C. why
D. where
19、7．—________ is the Shanghai Wild Animal Park?—It’s 15km east of the Bund. [单选题] *
A．Who
B．What
C．When
D．Where (正确答案)
20、_______ hard, _______ you’ll fail in the exam. [单选题] *
A. Studying; for
B. Study; or(正确答案)
C. To study; and
D. Study; and
21、She passed me in the street, but took no（）of me. [单选题] *
Attention (正确答案)
B. watch
C. care
D. notice
22、Before leaving the village, he visited the old house _____ he spent his childhood. [单选题] *
A in which(正确答案)
B. which
C. to which
D at which
23、Julia’s on holiday in Shanghai _______. [单选题] *
A. in a moment
B. after a moment
C. at the moment(正确答案)
D. at any moment
24、During the Spring Festival, people in Northern China usually eat _______ as a traditional
Chinese food. [单选题] *
A. pizza
B. dumplings(正确答案)
C. hamburgers
D. noodles
25、Sorry, I can't accept your invitation. [单选题] *
A. 礼物
B. 观点
C. 邀请(正确答案)
D. 好意
26、22．Will there ________ any schools in the future? [单选题] *
A．is
B．are
C．am
D．be(正确答案)
27、For more information, please _______ us as soon as possible. [单选题] *
A. confident
B. confidence
C. contact(正确答案)
D. concert
28、She is a girl, _______ name is Lily. [单选题] *
A. whose(正确答案)
B. who
C. which
D. that
29、39．—What do you ________ my new dress?—Very beautiful. [单选题] *
A．look at
B．think about
C．think of(正确答案)
D．look through
30、_____ yuan a month _____ not enough for a family of three to live on today. [单选题] *
A. Five hundred; is(正确答案)
B. Five hundreds; are
C. Five hundred; are
D.Five hundreds; is。