电力英语介绍

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关于电力的英语作文

关于电力的英语作文

关于电力的英语作文English: Electricity is an essential part of our daily lives, powering technology, providing light, and running appliances. It is a form of energy that is generated through the movement of electrons. The generation of electricity can come from various sources such as fossil fuels, nuclear power, wind, water, and solar energy. However, the use of fossil fuels for electricity generation is a major contributor to air pollution and climate change. As a result, there is a growing movement towards renewable energy sources like wind and solar power. The transmission and distribution of electricity is done through a complex infrastructure of power lines and substations, ensuring that electricity reaches our homes and businesses efficiently. Sustainable practices and energy conservation are crucial in ensuring a reliable and clean source of electricity for future generations.中文翻译: 电力是我们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分,为技术提供动力,提供光源并运行家用电器。

电力专业英语论文

电力专业英语论文

Page1.The Production of Electrical Energy(电能生产)1 English texFrom reference 1See also: Wind power, Wind farm, and Wind power in the United StatesAirflows can be used to run wind turbines. Modern wind turbines range from around 600 kW to 5 MW of rated power, although turbines with rated output of 1.5–3 MW have become the most common for commercial use; the power output of a turbine is a function of the cube of the wind speed, so as wind speed increases, power output increases dramatically. Areas where winds are stronger and more constant, such as offshore and high altitude sites, are preferred locations for wind farms. Typical capacity factors are 20-40%, with values at the upper end of the range in particularly favourable sites.Globally, the long-term technical potential of wind energy is believed to be five times total current global energy production, or 40 times current electricity demand. This could require large amounts of land to be used for wind turbines, particularly in areas of higher wind resources. Offshore resources experience mean wind speeds of ~90% greater than that of land, so offshore resources could contribute substantially more energy.Wind power is renewable and produces no greenhouse gases during operation, such as carbon dioxide and methane.Keywords:wind power,wind turinesFrom reference 2See also: Hydroelectricity and HydropowerEnergy in water can be harnessed and used. Since water is about 800 times denser than air, even a slow flowing stream of water, or moderate sea swell, can yield considerable amounts of energy. There are many forms of water energy:∙Hydroelectric energy is a term usually reserved for large-scale hydroelectric dams. Examples are the Grand Coulee Dam in Washington State and theAkosombo Dam in Ghana.∙Micro hydro systems are hydroelectric power installations that typically produce up to 100 kW of power. They are often used in water rich areas as aremote-area power supply (RAPS). There are many of these installationsaround the world, including several delivering around 50 kW in the Solomon Islands.∙Damless hydro systems derive kinetic energy from rivers and oceans without using a dam.∙Ocean energy describes all the technologies to harness energy from the ocean and the sea. This includes marine current power, ocean thermal energyconversion, and tidal power.Keywords: hydropower,the Grand Coulee Dam,the Akosombo DamFrom reference 3See also: Ethanol fuel and BioEthanol for Sustainable TransportSince the 1970s, Brazil has had an ethanol fuel program which has allowed the country to become the world's second largest producer of ethanol (after the UnitedStates) and the world's largest exporter. Brazil’s ethanol fuel program uses modern equipment and cheap sugar cane as feedstock, and the residual cane-waste (bagasse) is used to process heat and power. There are no longer light vehicles in Brazil running on pure gasoline. By the end of 2008 there were 35,000 filling stations throughout Brazil with at least one ethanol pump.Nearly all the gasoline sold in the United States today is mixed with 10 percent ethanol, a mix known as E10, and motor vehicle manufacturers already produce vehicles designed to run on much higher ethanol blends. Ford, DaimlerChrysler, and GM are among the automobile companies that sell “flexible-fuel” cars, trucks, and minivans that can use gasoline and ethanol blends ranging from pure gasoline up to 85% ethanol (E85). By mid-2006, there were approximately six millionE85-compatible vehicles on U.S. roads. The challenge is to expand the market for biofuels beyond the farm states where they have been most popular to date. Flex-fuel vehicles are assisting in this transition because they allow drivers to choose different fuels based on price and availability. The Energy Policy Act of 2005, which calls for 7.5 billion gallons of biofuels to be used annually by 2012, will also help to expand the market.Keyword:ethanol fuel,bioethanol for sustainable transport2 中文翻译及分析出自文献1:通过对风力发电也已increasing.See:在美国风力发电,风电场,风力发电气流可用于运行风力涡轮机。

电力常用英语

电力常用英语

1、电力系统常用电力专业英语(1)元件设备三绕组变压器:three-column transformer ThrClnTrans 双绕组变压器:double-column transformer DblClmnTrans 电容器:Capacitor并联电容器:shunt capacitor电抗器:Reactor母线:Busbar输电线:TransmissionLine发电厂:power plant断路器:Breaker刀闸(隔离开关):Isolator分接头:tap电动机:motor(2)状态参数有功:active power无功:reactive power电流:current容量:capacity电压:voltage档位:tap position有功损耗:reactive loss无功损耗:active loss功率因数:power-factor功率:power功角:power-angle电压等级:voltage grade空载损耗:no-load loss铁损:iron loss铜损:copper loss空载电流:no-load current阻抗:impedance正序阻抗:positive sequence impedance负序阻抗:negative sequence impedance零序阻抗:zero sequence impedance电阻:resistor电抗:reactance电导:conductance电纳:susceptance无功负载:reactive load 或者QLoad有功负载: active load PLoad遥测:YC(telemetering)遥信:YX励磁电流(转子电流):magnetizing current定子:stator功角:power-angle上限:upper limit下限:lower limit并列的:apposable高压: high voltage低压:low voltage中压:middle voltage单位标准:电能:千瓦时 kW.h k,h小写W大写有功功率千瓦 kW k小写W大写无功功率千乏 kvar k,v,a,r均小写视在功率千伏安 kVA k小写V、A大写电压千伏 kV k小写V大写长度千米 km k,m均小写电流安培 A A大写电力系统 power system发电机 generator励磁 excitation励磁器 excitor电压 voltage电流 current母线 bus变压器 transformer升压变压器 step-up transformer高压侧 high side输电系统 power transmission system输电线 transmission line固定串联电容补偿fixed series capacitor compensation 稳定 stability电压稳定 voltage stability功角稳定 angle stability暂态稳定 transient stability电厂 power plant能量输送 power transfer交流 AC装机容量 installed capacity电网 power system落点 drop point开关站 switch station双回同杆并架 double-circuit lines on the same tower 变电站 transformer substation补偿度 degree of compensation高抗 high voltage shunt reactor无功补偿 reactive power compensation故障 fault调节 regulation裕度 magin三相故障 three phase fault故障切除时间 fault clearing time极限切除时间 critical clearing time切机 generator triping高顶值 high limited value强行励磁 reinforced excitation线路补偿器 LDC(line drop compensation)机端 generator terminal静态 static (state)动态 dynamic (state)单机无穷大系统 one machine - infinity bus system机端电压控制 AVR电抗 reactance电阻 resistance功角 power angle有功(功率) active power无功(功率) reactive power功率因数 power factor无功电流 reactive current下降特性 droop characteristics斜率 slope额定 rating变比 ratio参考值 reference value电压互感器 PT分接头 tap下降率 droop rate仿真分析 simulation analysis传递函数 transfer function框图 block diagram受端 receive-side裕度 margin同步 synchronization失去同步 loss of synchronization阻尼 damping摇摆 swing保护断路器 circuit breaker电阻:resistance电抗:reactance阻抗:impedance电导:conductance电纳:susceptance导纳:admittance电感:inductance电容: capacitance热工自动化常用英文缩写词ABC Automatic boiler control 锅炉自动控制AC Alternating current 交流(电)ACC Automatic combustion control 燃烧自动控制ACP Auxiliary control panel 辅助控制盘ACS Automatic control system 自动控制系统ACT actuator 执行机构A/D Analog /digital(conversion) 模/数(转换)ADP Annunciation display panel 报警显示板AEH Analog electro- 模拟式电液调节AFC Air flow control `送风控制AGC Automatic generation control 自动发电量控制AI Analog input 模拟量输入A/M Automatic/manul 自动/手动AO Analog output 模拟量输入APC Automatic plant control 电厂自动控制ASS Automatic synchronized system 自动同期系统ARP Auxiliary relay panel 辅助继电器盘ATC Automatic turbine startup or shutdown control system 汽轮机自启停系统BCS Burner control system 燃烧器控制系统BF Boiler follow 锅炉跟踪BFC Boiler fuel control 锅炉燃料控制BPS By-pass control system 旁路控制系统BTG Boiler turbinegenerator(panel) 锅炉、汽轮机、发电机(控制盘)CCR Central control room 单元(中央)控制室CHS Coal handing system 输煤控制系统CJC Cold junction compensator 冷端补偿器CPU Central processing unit 中央处理器CRT Cathode-ray tube 阴极射线管屏幕显示器D/A Digtal/analog(conversion) 数/模(转换)DAS Data acquisition system 计算机监视系统或数据采集系统DC Direct current 直流(电)DCE Data circuit-terminating equipment 数据电路终端设备DCS Distributed control system 分散控制系统DDC Direct digital control 直接数字控制DDP Distributed datd processing 分散数据处理DEH Digital electro-hydraulic control system 数字式电液控制系统DI Digital input 数字量输入DMP Damper 挡板、风门DO Digital output 数字量输出DSB Distributed switch-board 配电盘DTE Data terminal equipment 数据中端设备EEPROM Electrically-erasable programmable read only mrmory 电可擦写只读存储器E/P Electro/pneumatic(converter) 电/气(转换器)EPROM Electrically programmable read only memory 电可编程只读存储器ES Expert system 专家系统ETS Emergency trip system 紧急停机系统EWS Engineer wok station 工程师工作站FA Full arc 全周进汽FB Field bus 现场总线FCB Fast cut back (机组)快速甩负荷FDC Furnace draft control 炉膛压力控制FSS Furnace safety system 炉膛安全系统FSSS Furnace safeguard supervisory system 锅炉炉膛安全监控系统GV Governor valve 调节阀门HBP High-pressure by-pass valve 高压旁路I&C Instrumentation &control 仪表与控制INT Interlock 连锁I/O Input/output 输入/输出IDP Integrated data processing 集中数据处理KB Keyboard 键盘LBP Low-pressure by-pass valve 低压旁路LCD Liquid-crystal display 液晶显示器LED Light emitting diode 发光二极管LS Limit switch 限位开关LS Level switch 液位开关M/A Manual/automatic 手动/自动MAX Maximum 最大值MCC Motor control center 电动机控制中心MCR Maximum continuous rating 最大连续运行负荷MCS Modulating control system 模拟量控制系统MEH (BFTP)micro-electro-hydraulic control system (锅炉给水泵汽轮机)电液控制系MFT Master fuel trip 总燃料跳闸MHC Mechanicial hydraulic control 机械液压式控制MIN Minimum 最小值MIS Management information syrtem 管理信息系统MTBF Mean time between failures 平均无故障工作时间MTTF Mean time to failure 失效(故障)前平均工作时间MTTR Mean time to repair 平均故障修复时间NC Normally Closed 常闭NO Normally open 常开OCS On-off control system 开关量控制系统OEI Optic electric interface 光电接口OFT Oil fuel trip 燃油跳闸OPC Overspeed protection CONTROL 超速保护控制OS Operator station 操作员站PA Partial arc 部分进汽PC Programmable controller 可编程控制器PCS Pulverizer control system 磨煤机控制系统PI Purse input 脉冲量输入PID Proportional integral derivative 比例-积分-微分PLC Programmable logic controller 可编程序逻辑控制器PO Pulse output 脉冲量输出RAM Random access memory 随机存取存储器RB Run back (辅机故障)快速甩负荷ROM Read only memory 只读存储器RTC Reheat steam temperature control 再热气温控制SBC Soot blower control system 吹灰控制系统SCM Single chip microcomputer 单片机SCS Sequence control system 顺序控制系统SER Sequence events recorder 事件顺序记录仪SOE Sequence of events 事件顺序记录ST Smart transmitter 智能变送器STC Superheated steam temperature control 过热气温控制TAS Turbine automatic system 汽轮机自动控制系统TBP Tuibine by-pass system 汽轮机旁路系统TCS Turbine control system 汽轮机控制系统TF Turbine follow 汽轮机跟踪TSI Turbine supervisory instrument 汽轮机监视仪表UCC Unit coordinated control 机组协调控制ULD Unit load demand(command) 机组负荷指令UPS Uninterrupted power system 不间断电源WTS Water treatment contrd system 水处理控制系统。

电力专业英语介绍

电力专业英语介绍
National level
国调
Branch-grid level
网调
Provincial level
省调
Regional level
地调
County level
县调
2018/10/20
HUI REN @ NCEPU
45-17
National wide grid dispatching Inter-regional connection above 500 Kv 500 Kv substation 500(330)Kv transmission lines 220 Kv key substation 220 Kv transmission lines
HUI REN @ NCEPU
45-15
2018/10/20
HUI REN @ NCEPU
45-16
Power Dispatching
• Dispatching regulation on power system: issued in 1993 by State Council. • Unified dispatching and hierarchical management: five levels.
Provincial level
Medium and small scale plants
220 Kv substation 110Kv, 35 Kv substation 110Kv transmission lines and below
regional level
Distribution center High voltage customers
电力系统调度
2018/10/20

电力英语作文

电力英语作文

Electricity is an indispensable part of modern society,playing a crucial role in our daily lives and the functioning of various industries.Here are some key points to consider when writing an essay on electricity:1.Introduction to Electricity:Begin your essay by introducing the concept of electricity, explaining what it is,and how it is a form of energy resulting from the existence of charged particles.2.Historical Perspective:Discuss the history of electricity,including the contributions of scientists like Benjamin Franklin,Michael Faraday,and Thomas Edison,who helped to understand and harness this form of energy.3.Generation of Electricity:Describe the different methods of electricity generation,such as fossil fuels coal,oil,and natural gas,nuclear power,hydroelectric power,solar energy, wind energy,and other renewable sources.4.Transmission and Distribution:Explain how electricity is transmitted from power plants to substations and then distributed to homes and businesses through a grid system.5.Electrical Safety:Highlight the importance of electrical safety,including the use of circuit breakers,fuses,and grounding to prevent electrical accidents and fires.6.Electricity and the Environment:Discuss the environmental impact of electricity generation,including the pollution caused by burning fossil fuels and the efforts to reduce carbon footprints through the use of renewable energy sources.7.Smart Grids and Energy Efficiency:Introduce the concept of smart grids,which use digital technology to improve the efficiency,reliability,economics,and sustainability of electricity production and distribution.8.Future of Electricity:Contemplate the future of electricity,including advancements in battery technology,the potential for widespread adoption of electric vehicles,and the integration of renewable energy sources into the grid.9.Electricity in Daily Life:Describe the various ways in which electricity is used in everyday life,from powering household appliances to enabling communication through the internet and mobile devices.10.Conclusion:Summarize the importance of electricity and the need for sustainable and efficient practices in its generation and use to ensure a reliable and environmentallyfriendly power supply for future generations.When writing your essay,ensure that you provide clear explanations,use relevant examples,and maintain a logical flow of information.Additionally,consider the implications of electricity use on society and the environment to create a wellrounded discussion.。

Unit 1电气设备概述英文版

Unit 1电气设备概述英文版
10kV
Generators 发电机 Power Plants 电厂 Transmission Substations Lines输电线路 变电站
38.5kV
35kV
6.3kV
M
Users用户
2
Basic structure of a modern power system:
GS 22kV 500kV GS 20kV 24kV 500kV Transmission system (230kV) To subtransmission and distribution Tie line
Functions of substations:
To change (increase/decrease) voltages from a value to a required level, to satisfy the requirements of the system and customers To gather, transfer or distribute the power energy
All the equipment in power plants and substations can be generally classified into two categories: the primary equipment and the secondary equipment. Definition of Primary equipment: The equipment to be used for producing, transferring and distributing the power energy, usually with high voltages. Categories of the Primary Equipment: (1) Equipment for power generation and transformation, such as generators and transformers (2) Switching devices, such as circuit breakers, isolators, fuses, contactors, etc.

电学英语知识点归纳

电学英语知识点归纳

电学英语知识点归纳在电学领域中,有许多与电相关的术语和概念是由英语单词或短语表示的。

了解这些电学的英语知识点对于学习和理解电学原理非常重要。

下面是一些常见的电学英语知识点的介绍。

1. Electricity(电):Electricity是指电荷(Charge)通过导体(Conductor)流动时产生的能量形式。

电学中的基本单位是Coulomb(库仑),通常用C表示。

2. Circuit(电路):Circuit是指由导线、电源和负载组成的一个完整的路径,使得电流可以流动。

Circuit中的电流通常用Ampere(安培)来表示。

3. Current(电流):Current是指电荷通过导体的流动。

电流的方向是从正电荷流向负电荷。

电流的单位是Ampere,简称A。

4. Voltage(电压):Voltage是指电流在电路中的推动力或压力。

电压的单位是Volt (伏特),简称V。

5. Resistance(电阻):Resistance是指电流在电路中遇到的阻力,它限制了电流的流动。

电阻的单位是Ohm(欧姆),简称Ω。

6. Ohm's Law(欧姆定律):Ohm's Law是指电压、电流和电阻之间的关系。

根据欧姆定律,电压等于电流乘以电阻,用公式表示为V = I * R。

7. Power(功率):Power是指电流在电路中产生或消耗的能量。

功率的单位是Watt(瓦特),简称W。

功率可以通过电压和电流的乘积来计算,用公式表示为P = V * I。

8. Series Circuit(串联电路):Series Circuit是指电路中的负载(电阻或电器)依次连接在一起,共享相同的电流。

串联电路中的电压等于各个负载电压的总和。

9. Parallel Circuit(并联电路):Parallel Circuit是指电路中的负载以多个分支并联连接,每个负载之间有相同的电压,但电流会分流。

并联电路中的总电流等于各个分支电流之和。

电力常用英语

电力常用英语

电力常用英语电力常用英语————————————————————————————————作者:————————————————————————————————日期:1、电力系统电力系统power system大容量电力系统bulk power system电网power grid;power network火力发电厂thermal power plant;coal-burning power plant;fossil fuel power plant水电站hydroelectric power station核电站nuclear power plant抽水蓄能电站pumped storage power station变电站power substation用户变电站customer substation开关站switch station升压step up降压step down主网架backbone;network frame接入系统connection to the power grid联网interconnection特高压ultra-high voltage高压直流输电high-voltage direct-current transmission 换流站converter station无穷大infinite等值电路equivalent circuit标么值per unit value实际值actual value基准值base value潮流power flow开环open-loop合环closed-loop有功active power无功reactive power电压降voltage drop载流量current carrying capacity视在功率complex power;apparent power自然功率natural power损耗loss功率因数power factor超前lead滞后lag无功补偿reactive power compenstaion感性补偿Inductive compensator容性补偿Capacitive compensator静止无功补偿static var compensation 正序positive sequence 负序negative sequence零序zero sequence电感inductance电容capacitor电抗reactance电阻resistance电纳susceptance电导conductance导纳admittance阻抗impedance正弦稳态sinusoidal steady state 暂态transient state次暂态subtransient state绕组winding抽头tap有载on-load无载off-load中性点netural电压比voltage ratio容量比capacity ratio过电压overvoltage ;surge 负荷中心load center峰荷peak load基荷base load居民负荷residential load商业负荷commercialload甩负荷load shedding过载;过负荷overload负荷特性load characteristics负荷曲线load curve负荷率load factor发电power generation输电power transmission配电power distribution用电power utilization用电量power consumption停电blackout电力系统稳定power system stability 功角稳定angle stability 电压稳定voltage stability扰动disturbance同步synchronism不稳定instability可靠性reliability收敛converge定子stator转子rotor励磁系统excitation system空载no-load惯量inertia三相对称故障balanced three phase fault单相接地故障single line to ground fault短路short-circuit开路open-circuit接地grounding临界的critical平衡equilibrium感应电动机induction motor振荡oscillation谐波harmonic电磁感应electromagnetic induction充电功率charging capacity出线outgoing line进线incoming line架空线路overhead line电缆cable建设规模construction scale线路输送容量transmission capacity调相调压adjusting the voltage phase and magnitude 负荷预测load forecasting电力系统规划power system planning输电规划transmission planning电磁环网electromagnetic loop network经济电流密度economical current density解列disconnection;power system separation 运行方式operating mode电力电量power load and consumption容载比capacity and load ratio经济比较economic comparison导线截面选择selection of conductor cross-section选址选线selection of substation site and line corridor 输变电工程transmission and distribution project电气主接线Electrical Primary System常用电力专业英语(1)元件设备三绕组变压器:three-column transformer ThrClnTrans 双绕组变压器:double-column transformer DblClmnTrans 电容器:Capacitor并联电容器:shunt capacitor电抗器:Reactor母线:Busbar输电线:TransmissionLine发电厂:power plant断路器:Breaker刀闸(隔离开关):Isolator分接头:tap电动机:motor(2)状态参数有功:active power无功:reactive power电流:current容量:capacity电压:voltage档位:tap position有功损耗:reactive loss无功损耗:active loss功率因数:power-factor功率:power功角:power-angle电压等级:voltage grade空载损耗:no-load loss铁损:iron loss铜损:copper loss空载电流:no-load current阻抗:impedance正序阻抗:positive sequence impedance 负序阻抗:negative sequence impedance 零序阻抗:zero sequence impedance电阻:resistor电抗:reactance电导:conductance电纳:susceptance无功负载:reactive load 或者QLoad有功负载: active load PLoad遥测:YC(telemetering)遥信:YX励磁电流(转子电流):magnetizing current 定子:stator功角:power-angle上限:upper limit下限:lower limit并列的:apposable高压: high voltage低压:low voltage中压:middle voltage单位标准:电能:千瓦时 kW.h k,h小写W大写有功功率千瓦 kW k小写W大写无功功率千乏 kvar k,v,a,r均小写视在功率千伏安 kVA k小写V、A大写电压千伏 kV k小写V大写长度千米 km k,m均小写电流安培 A A大写电力系统 power system发电机 generator励磁 excitation励磁器 excitor电压 voltage电流 current母线 bus变压器 transformer升压变压器 step-up transformer高压侧 high side输电系统 power transmission system输电线 transmission line固定串联电容补偿fixed series capacitor compensation 稳定stability电压稳定 voltage stability功角稳定 angle stability暂态稳定 transient stability电厂 power plant能量输送 power transfer交流 AC装机容量 installed capacity电网 power system落点 drop point。

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2、非谓语译Biblioteka 谓语(1)主语的转换——当名词作主语时,主语可以转换为 谓语的一部分;或主语是由动词演变来的动作性名词, 可以译成谓语。
• Attention is necessary to prevent the electronic instrument from damaging. 必须注意防止电子仪器损坏。
(6)定语的转换——句子主语的后置定语由介词短语构 成时,介词短语可以翻译成主语,介词省略掉。
• There are three fundamental elements of circuit: resistor, inductor and capacitor. 电路有三种基本的元件:电阻、电感和电容。
shunt and the series. 有两种主要类型的有源电力滤波器,即并联型和串联型
(4)谓语的转换 • The power supply for the fire alarm system should
be backed up by the emergency generator. 火警系统的供电应有应急发电机作备用电源。
• Rockets composed of more than one stage are known as stepped ones. 两级以上的火箭称为多级火箭。
(2)前置定语与后置定语共存——此时将与被修饰 名词关系紧密的紧靠被修饰名词。
• A rotating commutator on the DC machine, used as an excite, was a common means for achieving rectification in the past. 在过去,用作励磁机的直流电机上的旋转整流子是 完成整流的一个普遍措施。
• Even well before, scientists recognized light had vast capacity for transmitting information. 甚至在很久以前,科学家就意识到光传播信息的能力很 大。
(4)宾语的转换——如果用作宾语的名词具有动词的意 义,可以译成汉语中的谓语。
Translation for Electrical
Engineering English
Lecturer: Xiao Wei, Gao
专业术语的翻译
1.意译 讲解练习1 2.音译 讲解练习2 3.象译 讲解练习3 4.形译 讲解练习4
意译
(1)省译——在不改变原文意思的前提下,省略掉一个 或一些词
1、非主语译成主语
(5)状语的转换——原来表示地点、方位、某一属性的 状语,可以译成主语。
• There are two TV cameras in our classroom, each having its own working range. 我们教室有两台电视摄像机,每台都有自己的工作范围
语序变动
(3)由of构成的定语——在of前是表示种类、方 式、程度和数量的词汇时,则放在of前来修饰后 面的名词。
• In an oil-minimum breaker the arc will decompose some of the oil.
在少油断路器中,电弧将分解一些油。
1、非主语译成主语
象译
(1)某些产品或材料的外形与某个字母相似,并以该字 母定名时,可译成相应的汉字或译成其形象。
I-bar
工字钢,工字条
U-iron
槽铁
O-ring
环形圈
V-belt
三角皮带
T-square
丁字尺
Twist drill 麻花钻
形译
(1)对专业英语中的商标、型号、牌号等均不可译出汉 语
• Z80 PIO ——Z80并行接口 • IBM notebook——IBM笔记本 • p-n-p junction p-n-p结 (2)以某个字母代替某种概念时,可直接将字母译出 • X-ray——射线 • Y-direction ——Y轴方向
(2)表语的转换——当表语含有动作意味或是某些形容 词、副词、介词和介词短语时可以直接译成谓语。
• The simulation investigation is over on the new control link. 这个新控制环节的仿真研究结束了。
2、非谓语译成谓语
(3)定语的转换——当形容词作前置定语时,可以译成 汉语的谓语
• Fuzzy theory has found a wide application of twoport network theory. 模糊理论已经广泛用在两端口理论中。
2、非谓语译成谓语
(5)补足语的转换——有动作意义的补足语应译 成汉语中的谓语
• The PID control methods are said to have been widely used in industry. PID控制原理据说已经在工业上得到广泛应用。
(2)动词宾语的转换——翻译时,经常可以把动词have 的宾语译成主语,而把原来的主语译成它的定语。
• Our lab has allocated considerable advanced computer. 我们实验室的先进计算机配备得相当多。
1、非主语译成主语
(3)介词宾语的转换——当介词宾语在意义上表示与主 语有关的某一方面、某一位置、某一方法等内容时,可 以译成句子的主语。
• It is satisfactory that the step-down ones in the transformers made in our lab is standard. 令人满意的是,我们实验室制作的变压器中那些降压变 压器质量合格。
5、从句转换
3)转换成并列分句——对于it+be+表语+that的 结构,可以将主语从句和宾语从句译成并列分句 。
饰词进行互换,以便使术语语义明确。 • current rating 额定电流 • noise elimination 消噪
意译
(4)首字母组合 • CMOS complementary metal oxide semiconductor
互补金属氧化物半导体 • radwaste radioactive waste 放射性废物 • nukes nuclear weapons 核武器 • skylab-sky laboratory 天空实验室
• China successfully launched its first man-made earth satellite in April 1970. 中国于1970年4月成功发射了第一颗人造地球卫星。
语序变动
5、定语 (1)后置定语前置——在汉语中,定语都放在被修
饰词之前;而在英语中以下情况可以置于被修饰词 之后:介词短语、形容词短语、动词不定式、分词 等。
音译
(1)计量单位、材料、定律、理论、新发现等 • volt(电压单位)伏(特) • henry (电感单位)亨(利) • quark 夸克(构成原子的最小粒子) • lumen 流明(光通量单位) • erg 尔格(功的单位) • radar 雷达
音译------意译
• valve 凡尔—— 阀门 • motor 马达—— 电动机 • washer 华司—— 垫圈 • flange 法兰—— 凸缘 • engine 引擎—— 发动机
• The filter circuit consists of inductors and capacitors, so no power is lost in the filter.
这个滤波器电路由电感和电容组成,所以没有功率损耗。
语序变动
3、同位语——在一个词汇后面跟一个起进一步说明作用 的同位语,翻译时可以把两者的顺序颠倒。
• In his simulation he made few mistakes. 他在仿真中的错误不多。
5、从句转换
(1)主语从句——专业英语中为了避免句子头重脚轻, 平衡句子结构,用it句型将主语从句放在谓语之后。
1)转换成宾语从句——在it+谓语(被动语态)+that结 构中,其主语从句可以翻译成宾语从句。
(1)谓语的转换——某些英语动词,如act、aim、 behave、differ等在翻译时,往往要译成名词,并作句 子的主语,而原来的主语译成它的定语。
• This paper aims at discussing new developments in component material and techniques. 本文的目的在于讨论元件材料和技术方面的新发展。
• A generator is similar to a motor in construction. 发电机的结构与发动机类似。
(4)表语的转换——当表语是名词、形容词、代词时, 有时可以把它们译成主语,英语原文中的主语可译成定 语。
• The rotor is well-designed structure. 转子的结构设计得很好。
• It is found that computers can sometimes do work better and fast than any man. 人们发现电脑有时比任何人工作的更好、更快。
2)转换成表语从句——在it+be+形容词+that结构中,有 时可以将主语从句译成宾语从句,形式为:形容词+是+ 从句
3、非谓语译成宾语
(1)主语的转换——英语中的被动语态译成汉语中的主 动语态时,可以将主语译成宾语。
• Much progress has been made in communication engineering in less than a century. 不到一个世纪,通信工程就取得了巨大的进步。
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