高中英语被动语态讲解与练习

高中英语被动语态讲解与练习
高中英语被动语态讲解与练习

英语语法学习学案

高中英语被动语态讲解

一、被动语态的构成形式

1. 被动语态的基本时态变化

被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be+过去分词构成,be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为:

1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时

例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.

2)has /have been done 现在完成时

例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.

3)am/is /are being done 现在进行时

例A new cinema is being built here.

4)was/were done 一般过去时

例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.

5)had been done 过去完成时

例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.

6)was/were being done 过去进行时

例A meeting was being held when I was there.

7)shall/will be done/ be going to be done/ be about to be done/ be to be to done 一般将来时

例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.

8)should/would be done/ was\were going to be done/ was\were about to be done/was\were to be to done一般将来时

例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.

9)shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用)

例The project will have been completed before July.

10)should/would have been done 过去将来完成时(少用)

例He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon.

2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式

1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为:情态动词+be+过去分词。

例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.

2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语,在用于被动结构时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。

例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.

3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时,将宾语变为被动结构中的主语,其余不动。

例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.

4)在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe 等后面不定式作宾语补语时,在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时,要加to。

例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.

5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组,如“动词+介词”,“动词+副词”等,也可以用于被动结构,但要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。

例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.

3. 非谓语动词的被动语态

v.+ing 形式及不定式to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。

例I don't like being laughed at in the public.

二、It is said that+从句及其他类似句型

一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It+be+过去分词+that从句”或“主语+be+过去分词+to do sth.”。有:

It is said that… 据说,It is reported that…据报道,It is believed th at…大家相信,It is hoped that…大家希望,It is well known that…众所周知,It is thought that…大家认为,It is suggested that…据建议。

例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. (=The boy is said to have passed the national exam. )

三、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义

1.英语中有很多动词如break,catch,clean,drive,lock,open,sell,read,write,wash等,当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时,常用其主动形式表达被动意义,主语通常是物。

例This kind of cloth washes well.

注意:主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征,而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。

试比较:The door won't lock.(指门本身有毛病)

The door won't be locked.(指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因)

2. 表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语,如:happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。

例How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢?

3. 系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。

例Your reason sounds reasonable.

四、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义

在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义。

1.在need,want,require, bear等词的后面,动名词用主动形式表示被动意义,其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。The house needs repairing(to be repaired).这房子需要修理。

2.形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义,但不能跟动词不定式;而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。

例The picture-book is well worth reading.(=The picture-book is very worthy to be read.)

3. 动词不定式在名词后面作定语,不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时,又和句中

另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。

例I have a lot of things to do this afternoon.(to do与things是动宾关系,与I是主谓关系。)

试比较:I’ll go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? ( 此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you不是post动作的执行者。)

4. 在某些“形容词+不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中,句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时,这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult,important,impossible,pleasant,interesting 等。

例This problem is difficult to work out .(可看作to work out省略了for me).

5.在too… to…结构中,不定式前面可加逻辑主语,所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。

例This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.

6. 在there be…句型中,当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时,不定式用主动式作定语,重点在人,用被动形式作定语,重点在物。

(用to lose可看成for us to lose;用to be lost,例There is no time to lose(to be lost).

谁lost time不明确。)

7. 在be to do结构中的一些不定式通常应用主动表主动, 被动表被动。然而,由于古英语的影响,下列动词rent,blame,let等仍用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。

例Who is to blame for starting the fire?

五、介词in, on, under等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义

表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用,含被动之义,其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式,名词前一般不用冠词。

1. “under +名词”结构,表示“某事在进行中”。常见的有:under control(受控制), under treatment(在治疗中), under repair(在修理中), under discussion(在讨论中), under construction(在施工中)。

例The building is under construction( is being constructed).

2.“beyond+名词”结构,“出乎……胜过……、范围、限度”。常见的有:beyond belief (令人难以置信),beyond one’s reach(鞭长莫及),beyond one’s control(无法控制),beyond our hope.我们的成功始料不及。

例The rumour is beyond belief(=can’t be believed).

3.“above+名词”结构, 表示“(品质、行为、能力等) 超过……、高于……”。

例His honest character is above all praise.=His honest character cannot be praised enough.

4.“for+名词”结构,表示“适于……、为着……”。如:for sale(出售), for rent (出租)等。

例That house is for sale. (= That house is to be sold).

5.“in+名词”结构,表示“在……过程中或范围内”常见的有:in print(在印刷中),in sight(在视野范围内),等。

例The book is not yet in print.(=is not yet printed)

6.“on+名词”结构, 表示“在从事…… 中”。常见的有:on sale(出售),on show (展出), on trial(受审)。

例Today some treasures are on show in the museum (= are being showed).

7.“out of+名词”结构;表示“超出…… 之外“,常见的有:out of control (控

制不了),out of sight (超出视线之外),out of one’s reach(够不着), out of fashion(不流行)等。

例The plane was out of control (can’t be controlled).。

8.“within+名词”结构,“在……内、不超过……”。

例He took two days off within the teacher's permission.

六、被动语态与系表结构的区别

当“be+过去分词”作被动语态时表示主语承受的动作;作系表结构时表示主语的特点或所处的状态时,be后面的过去分词是表语,相当于形容词。其区分办法如下:1.如果强调动作或句中有介词by引导出动作的执行者,该句一般为被动语态,否则为系表结构。

例The glass is broken.(系表结构)

The glass was broken by the boy.(被动语态)

2.如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语时,一般为被动语态。

例The door is locked.(系表结构)

The door hasalready/just been locked.(被动语态)

3.被动语态除用于一般时态和完成时态外,还可以用于其他各种时态,而系表结构中的系动词be只有一般时态和完成时态。

例The machine is being repaired.

被动语态讲解与练习题

被动语态Passive Voice 一、被动语态的构成 动词语态是动词的一种特殊形式,表示句中主语和谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者或行为的对象。谓语动词为主动语态的叫主动句,为被动语态的叫被动句。 1.被动语态的基本构成形式 过去将来时:should/would be done was\were going to be done was\were about to be done was\were to be to done 过去将来完成时:should/would have been done 2. 含情态动词的被动语态 情态动词+be+过去分词 练习: 1) Visitors ___________ (request) not to touch the exhibits. 2) All the preparations for the task_______________(complete), and we're ready to start. 3) Look, a new cinema _____________(build) here now. 4) I _____________ (give) ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5)By the end of last year, another new gymnasium ______________(complete) in Beijing. 6) A meeting ___________________(hold) when I was there. 7) Hundreds of job_____________ (lose) if the factory closes.

(英语)高考英语被动语态练习题及答案

(英语)高考英语被动语态练习题及答案 一、单项选择被动语态 1.With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ________ each year. A.is washing away B.is being washed away C.are washing away D.are being washed away 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 本题考查现在进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。解题步骤:1. 确定谓语单复数:根据quantity的用法,quantities of和a quantity of后面都可加不可数名词与可数名词复数,但它们作主语时,quantities of...后面的谓语动词用复数,而a quantity of...的谓语动词用单数,故排除A、D项。2. 确定第二空:随着森林的被毁,土壤正在被冲走,故应该用现在进行时的被动语态。句意:随着森林的被毁,大量的优质土壤每年都被冲走。综上,故选D项。 【名师点拨】 quantities of和a quantity of后面加可数名词复数,做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式;quantities of后面加不可数名词,做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式;a quantity of后面加不可数名词,做主语时后面的谓语动词用单数形式。https://www.360docs.net/doc/659880062.html,rge quantities of money have been sent there大量的钱已经被送到那里;A large quantity of money has been wasted.大量的钱已经被浪费;2.A large quantity of books have been offered to us.大量的书已经提供给我们; Quantities of nuts are on the table.大量的坚果在桌子上。 2.—Are we about to having dinner? —Yes, it ________ in the dining room. A.serve B.is serving C.is being served D.has been serving 【答案】C 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:——我们准备去吃饭吗?——是的,饭菜正在餐厅被供应。it是指饭菜,和动作serve之间是被动关系,且动作正在进行,四个选项中只有C项是现在进行时的被动语态,故选C。 3.To my ________, he was not a little ________ at the news that he had won the first prize in the English speech contest, for he thought that he didn't perform so well. A.astonishment;astonishing B.astonished;astonishing C.astonishment;astonished D.astonish;astonishment 【答案】C 【解析】

被动语态讲解及练习(附答案)

被动语态讲解 一、被动语态的构成形式 1. 被动语态的基本时态变化 被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be+过去分词构成, be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为: 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时 例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2)has /have been done 现在完成时 例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start. 3)am/is /are being done 现在进行时 例A new cinema is being built here. 4)was/were done 一般过去时 例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5)had been done 过去完成时 例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing. 6)was/were being done 过去进行时 例A meeting was being held when I was there. 7)shall/will be done 一般将来时 例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 8)should/would be done 过去将来时 例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 9)shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用) 例The project will have been completed before July. 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为:情态动词+be+过去分词。 例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语,在用于被动结构时,可以把主动结构中的一 个宾语变为主语,另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。 例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时,将宾语变为被动结构 中的主语,其余不动。 例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4)在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时,在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时,要加to。 例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 3. 非谓语动词的被动语态 v.+ing 形式及不定式to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。 例I don't like being laughed at in the public. 二、It is said that+从句及其他类似句型

初中被动语态详细讲解.

语法专练---被动语态 一、语态概述 我吃了一个苹果,那现在苹果怎样了?苹果被我吃了。正如汉语中的被字句,英语中的“被字句”我们称之为被动语态。英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为:主动、主动、主去动。例如:Many people speak English. 谓语:speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。巧记为:被动、被动、主被动。例如:English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 例如:He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词本身没有被动语态。 及物动词---本身意义不完整,后必须带宾语,有些还可以带双宾。 不及物动词---本身意义完整,不需要带宾语,如带宾语必须通过介词。 人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 一般现在时:am/is/are+eaten 一般过去时:was/were+eaten 一般将来时:will/shall/be going to be+eaten 过去将来时:would/should/be going to be+eaten 现在进行时:am/is/are being+eaten 过去进行时:was/were being+eaten 现在完成时:have/has been+eaten 过去完成时:had been+eaten 歌诀是:被动语态be字变,过去分词跟后面。 三、被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如:some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的) This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。(没有必要或说出出版者) (2)强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。 例如:The window was broken by mike.窗户是迈克打破的。 This book was written by Lunxun.这本书是他写的。 Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。 歌诀:谁做的动作不知道,说出谁做的没有必要;动作承受者需强调,被动语态运用到。 (3) 为了更好地安排句子。 例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. (一个主语就够了) 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。 (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。例如: All the people laughed at him. ---- He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. ----The bikes are made by them in the factory. 歌诀是:宾变主,主变宾,by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动,be后“过分”来使用。 五、含有情态动词的被动语态

英语被动语态练习题及答案

英语被动语态练习题及答案 一、单项选择被动语态 1.— Did he decide to take part in the competition? — Yes, of course. He _____ to. A.has been encouraging B.had been encouraged C.has been encouraged D.was to be encouraged 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:——他决定参加比赛吗?——是的,当然。他已经被鼓励参加比赛。根据he和动词encourage之间的逻辑关系分析,此处应该使用被动形式,故先排除A 项。再和第一句话的一般过去时态结合起来分析,此处应该使用过去完成时态的被动语态。故选B。 2.Our teacher keeps telling us that the future to the well-educated. A.belonging B.belongs C.is belonging D.is belonged 【答案】B 【解析】 考查短语:belong to 属于,没有进行时态没有被动语态。故答案选B。 3.Due to the country’s growing rate of urbanization, China’s migrant population _______ to be over 200 million by 2020. A.predicts B.is predicted C.will have been predicted D.will be predicted 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态和被动语态。句意:由于中国城市化的速度不断提高,到2020年,中国的流动人口预计将超过2亿。结合句意可知,用一般现在时态的被动语态,句子主语是population,单数第三人称形式,故答案为B。该题容易误选D项,是现在预计,而不是将来预计,故用现在时态。 4.It was the natural disaster, rather than human errors, that ________ for the death of so many innocent people. A.are blamed B.was to blame C.was blamed D.were to blame 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查主谓一致以及be to blame的用法。句意:是自然灾害,而不是人为错误,应对这么多无辜人类的死亡负责。be to blame for…表示“应受责备,应对……负责”时,固定短语,因此排除A、C项;这里强调主语the natural disaster,是一个强调句,谓语动词应与主语保持一致,即与the natural disaster保持一致,因此用was to blame,故选B项。 5.The headmaster in our school hopes that we will be more ambitious when we graduate than

高考被动语态讲解及练习

高考被动语态讲解及练习 一、单项选择被动语态 1.The classroom ________ by students every day. A.cleans B.cleaned C.is cleaned D.is cleaning 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查时态和被动语态。句意:教室每天都由学生打扫。句子主语The classroom,单数第三人称形式,与谓语动词clean之间是被动关系,再结合every day,可知句子用一般现在时态的被动语态,故选C。 2.—The window is dirty. —I know. It ________ for weeks. A.hasn’t cleaned B.didn’t clean C.wasn’t cleaned D.hasn’t been cleaned 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 本题考查时态和语态。解题步骤:1. 确定时态:这里表达过去没有擦窗户的事情对现在的影响就是窗户很脏,现在完成时可以表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响,也可以表示过去发生的事情持续到现在。2. 确定语态:主语it与谓语clean为被动关系。句意:—窗户很脏。—我知道,这些窗户已经很几个星期没有被擦了。故选D。 3.—It’s so humid these days! —Don’t worry! The rain ________ to stop from tomorrow. A.will expect B.expects C.will be expected D.is expected 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意:——这些日子天气潮湿。——不要担心!这场雨预计明天就会停止。根据语境,“expect”表示现在发生的事情,用一般现在时,“停止”的动作发生在明天,且主语The rain与expect之间是被动关系。故选D。 4.--- Why don't we choose that road to save time? --- The bridge to it . A.has repaired B.is repaired C.is being repaired D.will be repaired 【答案】C

被动语态详细讲解(基础讲解)上课讲义

被动语态详细讲解(基 础讲解)

被动语态 一、语态概述 我吃了一个苹果,那现在苹果怎样了?苹果被我吃了。正如汉语中的被字句,英语中的“被字句”我们称之为被动语态。英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为:主动、主动、主去动。例如:Many people speak English. 谓语:speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。巧记为:被动、被动、主被动。例如:English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 例如:He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词本身没有被动语态。 及物动词---本身意义不完整,后必须带宾语,有些还可以带双宾。 不及物动词---本身意义完整,不需要带宾语,如带宾语必须通过介词。 人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 一般现在时:am/is/are+eaten 一般过去时:was/were+eaten 一般将来时:will/shall/be going to be+eaten 过去将来时:would/should/be going to be+eaten 现在进行时:am/is/are being+eaten 过去进行时:was/were being+eaten 现在完成时:have/has been+eaten 过去完成时:had been+eaten 歌诀是:被动语态be字变,过去分词跟后面。 三、被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

高一英语被动语态

高一专题系列一被动语态 ●学而时习 语态是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,一般说来,只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。 ●知识点精讲透析 ●考点一主动语态“变性”被动语态 1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤: (1) 将主动句的宾语变为主语,如果主动句的宾语是代词,需变为主格。 (2) 将动词改为“be+过去分词”,be与新主语的人称和数一致,时态不变。 (3) 将主动语态的主语前加by放在谓语动词后,如果原主语是代词,要变为宾格。如: They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held(by them)yesterday. 他们昨天开会了。昨天举行了一个会议。 They won’t forgive me. → I won’t be forgiven by them. 他们不会原谅我的。我不会被他们原谅的。 2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项: (1) 主动句中的主语如果是people, we, you, they, somebody等含糊地表示“人们”、“大家”等,变为被动句时,通常删去“by…”,除非强调原主语。如: They set up this hospital in 1975. → This hospital was set up in 1975. 这所医院建于1975年。 Only he can finish the job. 只有他能完成这项工作。→ The job can be finished only by him.这项工作只能由他来完成。 (2) 含有双宾语,即直接宾语和间接宾语的句子,每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语,即其被动语态有两种形式,但多以间接宾语作主语。 Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。We were told the truth by Jack. The truth was told (to) us by Jack. (3) 含有宾语+宾语补足语的句子,变成被动句后原来的宾语补足语就成了主语补足语了;注意:不带to的不定式作宾语补足语时,变成被动时要加上to。 I heard Emily sing the song just now. → Emily was heard to sing the song just now. 我刚才听见艾米莉唱这首歌了。 (4) 含有宾语从句的主动句变为被动句,通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语,把宾语从句后置。 We have determined that the plan should be carried out soon. It has been determined that the plan should be carried out soon. 我们决定这项计划必须马上实施。 (5) 双重被动结构: 当某人或物成为两次动作的承受者时,要用双重被动结构。如: Parents often ask their children to do too much homework. The children are often asked to do too much homework. Too much homework is often asked to be done by the children.

高中英语被动语态练习题及答案

高中英语被动语态练习题及答案 精品文档 高中英语被动语态练习题及答案 1.Our house_____, A . is getting paint B . is getting painted C . is got painted D . has got to paint 2.He arrived in Beijing,where he_____his friend . A . was met by B . was met C . was meeting D . met by 3.The war_____in 1937 A . was broken out B . had been broken out C . has broken out D . broke out 4.The mistakes in the exercises will_____the teacher. A . cross B . be crossing C . be crossed by D . cross by 5.My brother and I have __________her birthday party. A . been invited B . been invited for C . invited to D . been invited to 6.It_______this way A . is had to do B . is had to be done C . had to be done D . has to do 7.It__this way. 1 / 23 精品文档

初中被动语态讲解与练习

中考被动语态讲解与习题 (一) 英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。 1、主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。 例如:Many people speak English. 2、被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。 例如:English is spoken by many people. 3、主动句和被动句的对比: 例如:He opened the door. 他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 4、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 ○1一般现在时:am/is/are+taught 例如:History is made by the people. ○2一般过去时:was/were+taught 例如:The Eiffel Tower was completed in 1889. ○3一般将来时:will/shall be+taught 例如:More subway lines will be built in the future. ○4现在进行时:am/is/are being+taught 例如:A new railway is being built. ○5现在完成时:have/has been+taught 例如:These plants have been grown without the use of any chemicals. ○6过去完成时:had been+taught 例如:A new hotel had been built when I got there. 5、含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时,由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成,原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。 例如:○1.We can repair this watch in two days. ○2.This watch can be repaired in two days. 被动语态练习题

高中英语被动语态专项练习---有答案

被动语态专项练习 一、选择题(2×15=30分) ( ) a new library _____ in our school last year A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build ( )2. An accident ____ on this road last week. A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened ( )(棉花)____ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow ( ) far, the moon ____ by man already. ? A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited ( ) talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives ( ) many trees ____ this year A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted ( ) lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now. A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D. will be done ( ) ___ this kind of computers______ --Last year. A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used ( ) Great Wall ____ all over the world. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known ( ) _____ this book _____ A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written ( ) story _____ by Granny yesterday. A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us ( ) monkey was seen _____ off the tree. A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump ( ) school bag ___ behind the chair. A. puts B. can be put C. can be putted D. can put ( ) people ____ well. A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked after ( ) teacher ______ carefully. A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened 二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。(1×20=20分)(请注意时态和语态两 ......... 个方面噢 ....) 's said(据说) that the long bridge______________(build)in two months.

(英语)高中英语被动语态练习题

(英语)高中英语被动语态练习题 一、单项选择被动语态 1.105.The International Olympic Committee announces here that an in crease of 15 events to the program of the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games. A.will make B.will be made C.has been made D.had made 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意:国际奥委会宣布在2020年东京奥运会上将增加15 个比赛项目。从年份2020可以看出是将来的动作,项目和增加是被动关系,故要用将来时的被动,故选B。 2.I intend to buy that kind of clothes because I ____ that they _____ well. A.have told; wash B.have been told; wash C.was told; washed D.have been told; are washed 【答案】B 【解析】 考察时态。根据题意,我想买那种衣服,因为有人告诉过我他们洗起来不错。可知从句内 容为过去已经完成的动作,故用过去完成时态。他们洗起来不错则是一个客观存在的事 实,过去存在,现在及将来都会存在,故用一般现在时态。选B。 3.I want to buy that kind of cloth because I ______ the cloth ______ well. A.have told;washes B.have been told;washes C.was told;washed D.have been told;is washed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查语态时态。句意:因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗,于是我想去买这种布。第一空 中使用现在完成时表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响,且I与tell是被动关系,所以使用 现在完成时的被动形式。第二空中动词wash与副词well连用,用主动形式表示被动含 义。故B项正确。 【点睛】 小题2中考查了主动表示被动的用法,涉及“主语+不及物动词+主语补语”句型中的一些不 及物动词使用主动表示被动的用法。具体用法如下:

被动语态讲解与练习

初中被动语态语法讲解 一. 概念:句子的主语是谓语动词的动作的承受者或者对象。 二. 主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换 三. 各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比

1. 把主动语态变为被动语态时,其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致,其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。 We have bought a new computer. A new computer has been bought. (正确)A new computer have been bought. (错误) 2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时,可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语,另一个不动,一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。 My uncle gave me a present on my birthday. I was given a present on my birthday. 如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语,则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词,如上句还可以说:A present was given to me yesterday. 注意:1.一般在下列动词后,常在间接宾语前用介词to,如: bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。 (1) The book was showed to the class. (2) My bike was lent to her. 2.一般在下列动词后,间接宾语前用介词for, 如: build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。 (1) A new skirt was made for me. (2) The meat was cooked for us. (3) Some country music was played for us. 3. 由动词+ 介词或副词构成的短语动词,要把它们作为整体看,即把它们看成一个及物动词,介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。这类动词有:不及物动词+ 介词,如: agree to, ask for, laugh at, operated on, listen to, look after, think of, talk about 等。 The patient is being operated on. The problem is solved. It needn't be talked about. 及物动词+ 副词:如:bring about, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put off, think over, turn down, work out, turn out 等。 His request was turned down. The sports meet will be put off because of the bad weather 4. 带复合宾语(宾语+ 宾补)的动词改为被动语态时,一般把主动结构中的宾语改为主语,而宾语补足语保留在谓语动词后面。如: (1) We always keep the classroom clean.→The classroom is always kept clean. (2) She told us to follow her instructions.→We were told to follow her instructions. 注意:在see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带to,但改成被动语态后都带to,这时不定式为主语补足语,也就是说不定式作主语补足语不存在省略to 的问题。 We often hear him play the guitar. →He is often heard to play the guitar. 5. 以who为主语开头的疑问句,变被动时,用by whom放在句首: Who wrote the story? 误:Who was the story written? 正:By whom was the story written? 正: Who was the story written by? 6. 有些动词既是及物又是不及物,当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时,表示主语内在品质或性能,是不及物动词,用主动表示被动,这时不用被动语态,常见的有:write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。如: (1)The cloth washes easily. 这布很好洗。(2)The new product sells well. 这新产品很畅销。 对比:The books sell well. (主动句) The books were sold out. (被动句) The meat didn’t cook well. (主动句)The meat was cooked for a long time. (被动句) 7. 下列情况主动句不能改为被动句: 第一,感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义如:feel,look, seem, taste, sound, remain等。第二,不及物动词没有被动语态,如:rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie等。 When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun had already risen. 误:The sun had already been risen. After the earthquake, few houses remained. 误:After the earthquake, few houses were remained. 8. 在汉语中有一类句子不出现主语,在英语中一般可用被动结构来表示,例如: 据说…… It is said that …

人教版高中英语被动语态知识点讲解及例题

一、被动语态的构成形式 1. 被动语态的基本时态变化 被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由“be+过去分词”构成,be 随时态的变化而变化。以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为: 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时 Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2) has /have been done 现在完成时 All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start. 3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时 — A new cinema is being built here. 4) was/were done 一般过去时 I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5) had been done 过去完成时 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing. 6) was/were being done 过去进行时 A meeting was being held when I was there. 7) shall/will be done 一般将来时 | Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 8) should/would be done 过去将来时 The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用) The project will have been completed before July. 10) should/would have been done 过去将来完成时(少用) He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon. 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式

被动语态讲解与专项练习(带答案)

被动语态专项练习(二) Ⅰ单项选择 1. Good books ____ again and again. A. should be readed B. should be read C. must read D. ought to read 2. The children ____ by the nurse. A. were looked B. looked after C. were looked after D. looked 3. He ___ some pieces of advice, but he ____ to them. A. gave, didn't listen B. was given, wasn't listened C. give, wasn't listened D. was given, didn't listen 4. When____ the accident _____ ? A. was, happen B. did, happen C. is, happen D. was, happened 5. The question ____ by us soon. A. is going to discuss B. will discuss C. is going to be discussed D. has been discussed 6. The lab ____ about five years ago. A. was builded B. was built C. builds D. has been built 7. A lot of tall buildings _____ in his hometown in the last three years. A. have set up B. have been set up C. were set up D. set up 8. They ____ printing 500 copies by the end of last month. A. had finished B. have finished C. had been finished D. have been finished 9. Rice ___ also _____ in their hometown. A. is…grown B. is…grew C. was…grew D. was…grown 10. He ____ by the teachers. A. is always praised B. praises C. have been praised D. always is praised 11. Great changes ____ place. Many new schools____ . A. have taken, have been opened B. take, are open C. are taken, open D. have been taken, are opened 12. The picture______ in October, 1996. A. was taking B. had been taken C. was taken D. had taken 13. We can't use the bridge now, because it______ . A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being repaired 14. I ______the way to the railway station by a policeman. A. was shown B. showed C. have shown D. was showing 15. The war______ in 1941. A. broke out B. had been broken out C. was broken out D. had broken out 16. When water______ , it will be changed into vapour. A. is heated B. heating C. has heated D. heats 17. We can't enter the room because its door______ . A. locked B. locks C. is locked D. is locking

相关文档
最新文档