英美文学作业答案

《英美文学》作业答案

Unit 1

1. What year was Shakespeare Born?

A 1562 B1564 C 1616 D 1617

2. What was the name of Shakespeare's theatrical company?

A The King’s man

B The Queen’s man

C The Chess man

D The Lords man

3. All of the following plays are tragedies by Shakespeare except

A Othello

B Hamlet

C The Tempest

D Macbeth

4. English Renaissance Period was an age of

a. prose and novel

b. poetry and drama

c. essays and journals

d. ballad and songs

5. Shakespeare’s four tragedies are___________, ______________, ____________ and_____________.

6. Please read the famous monologue and answer the following questions.

To be, or not to be ─ that is the question:

Whether 'tis nobler in mind to suffer

The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune

Or to take arms against a sea of troubles.

And by opposing end them.

To die─ to sleep

No more; and by a sleep to say we end

The heartache, and the thousand natural shocks

That flesh is heir to.

'tis a consummation

Devoutly to be wishd

To die ─ to sleep,

To sleep ─ perchance to dream;

ay, there's the rub!

For in that sleep of death what may come

When we have shuffled off this mortal coil

Must give us pause.

There's the respect

That makes calamity of so long life.

For who would bear the whips and scorns of time,

The oppressor's wrong, the proud

man's contumely,

The pangs of despised love, the law's delay,

The insolence of office, and the spurns

That patient merit of the unworthy takes,

When he himself might his quietus make

With a bare bodkin?

Who would these fardels bear,

To grunt and sweat under a weary life,

But that the dread of something after death

The undiscovered country, from whose bourn

No traveler returns ─ puzzles the will,

And makes us rather bear those ills we have

Than fly to others that we know not of?

Thus conscience does make cowards of us all,

And thus the native hue of resolution

Is sicklied o’ er with the pale cast of thought,

And enterprises of great pith and moment

With this regard their currents turn awry

And lose the name of action.

1.Which famous play is the speech taken from? Who is the author of the play?

2.Who gives the speech in the play?

3.What does the speech indicate?

4.What is the story of the play?

7. Explain the term “Renaissance”.

Answer

1. B

2. D

3. C

4.B

5. Hamlet, Othello, King Lear and Macbeth

6 1). Hamlet; William Shakespeare

2) the main character of the play- Hamlet

3) “to be or not to be” indicates to live or end one’s life. The whole drift of the speech shows his belief in a future life. This speech shows Hamlet’s melancholy and his delay and describes he faced the dilemma of action and mind.

4). (见书本P6)

7.The term Renaissance refers to a great bourgeois cultural movement in Europe which began in the 14th century and continued to the mid-17th century. It first started from Italy and then spread al l over Europe. Originally, the term means “rebirth” or “revival”. And the movement seems to be a rebirth or revival of ancient Greek and Roman culture, caused by a series of historical events, such as the new discoveries in geography and astrology, the religious reformation and the economic expansion.

Unit 2

1.Please summarize the story of Robinson Crusoe.

2.What does the image of Robinson Crusoe represent?

3.What are the features of Daniel Defoe’s fictions?

4.___is considered the father of the English novel.

A. Defoe

B. Fielding

C. Richardson

D. Goldsmith

Answer

1. The story was based on the experience of a Scottish Sailor named Alexander Selkirk who had been marooned on

a desert island off the coast of Chile and lived there in solitude for four or five years. After his return to Europe, his adventures became known. Defoe wrote this novel in the first person singular.

This novel begins with Crusoe’s career as a sailor and a merchant, and then as a plantation owner and a slave trader. On a voyage to Africa to buy slaves he meets with the most unfortunate shipwreck. Then he finds himself cast by the sea waves upon the shore of an uninhabited island. He has to state there alone and manage the livelihood for himself. First of all, he gets back some food and clothes, a few guns and some ammunition from the wretched ship. He builds a shelter to protect himself. Then he grows barley and rice, domesticated goats and fight against cannibal savages coming from the neighboring islands, later he saves a savage from death and named him Friday, who becomes his faithful servant. In the hope of returning to Europe, he builds a boat. Finally an English ship comes and takes him back. Thus Robinson Crusoe ends his twenty-eight years’life in the deserted island. 2. In this novel, Defoe created the image of a true empire-builder, a colonizer and a foreign trader, who has the courage and will to face hardships, and who has determination to preserve himself and improve his livelihood by struggling against nature. There is also a glorification of labor, which enables the hero gradually to produce a favorable condition for himself. His resourcefulness in building a home, dairy, grape arbor, country house, and goat stable from practically nothing is clearly remarkable, which is applauded by Swiss philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau. This image is a criticism of the lazy and parasitic feudal nobles and a praise of the bourgeois.

3. Though most of his works are written in the picaresque tradition, Defoe is an anti-romantic, anti-feudal realistic writer. His stories are all real concerns of his time: people in their struggle to overcome the natural or social environment. All his works have a very strong verisimilitude. To convince the reader of the truth of his stories, Defoe adopted the autobiographical form and made full use of his long trained journalistic skill by describing things in great detail and by using specific time and space. The following excerpt shows how Robinson makes a raft with concrete description

Defoe’s style is characterized by a plain, smooth, easy, direct, and almost colloquial but never coarse language. His words are much closer to the vernacular of rambling sentences without strong pauses to give his style an urgent, immediate, breathless quality, but the units of meaning are small and clear with frequent repetition so that the writing gives an impression of simple lucidity. In his novels, as in his own life, actions or people in action are stressed; there is not much plot or portrayal of characters, except the exact journalistic account of the daily, trivial happenings. In all, Defoe is not an artist, but he is definitely an excellent storyteller. He is the first important novelist in English literary history with his realistic views on novel writing that has influenced many generations.

4. A

Unit 3 & 4

1. Romantic age is the age of the following statements except

A humanitarian idealism

B radical individualism

C age of reason

D age of imagination

2. Lake poets are the following poets except

A Keats

B Wordsworth

C Coleridge

D Southey

3. Although lived in a remote rural country in Scotland, he is the real forefather of English Romanticism, he is

A. Burns

B. Keats

C. Byron

D. Shelly

4. William Wordsworth wrote a preface expounding his theories of what made good poetry. These theories contain the following principles except:

A. All good poems should be “the spontaneous overflow feeling.”

B. The poems should be the reflection of feelings, thoughts, and experiences of the other people.

C. Poetry should be in high degree of imagination.

D. Poetry should “takes all its origin from emotion recollected in tranquility.”

5._____defines the poet as "man speaking to men," and poetry as "the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings, which originates in emotion recollected in tranquility."

A. William Blake

B. William Wordsworth

C. Samuel Taylor Coleridge

D. John Keats

6._____is regarded as a "worship of nature".

A. John Keats

B. William Blake

C. William Wordsworth

D. Jane Austen

7.Wordsworth’s short poems can be classified in to two groups: poems about nature and poems about________.

A. love

B. human life

C. freedom

D. social activities

8. Answer the questions concerned with William Wordsworth’s I wondered lonely as a cloud.

1)In what sense are “cloud” and “ I” comparable?

2)Why does the poet repeat “ dance” for several times?

3)What does the shift of tense suggest?

Answer

1-5 B A A B B 6-7 C B

8.1) we are joyful. We both move and express ourselves freely.

2) It suggests the harmony between man and nature.

3) the tense shifts from past to present and then to future. It suggests the poetic process from

nature to imagination and then to poetic production.

Unit 5 & 6

1. In Pride and Prejudice, Elizabeth Bennet finds out some weak points about herself in the process of judging others. Which of the following is NOT a weak point of hers?

A. Blindness.

B. Partiality.

C. Snobbishness.

D. Prejudice.

2. In the conversation with his wife in Chapter One of Pride and Prejudice, Mr. Bennet uses a(n) ______ tone with sarcastic humor.

A. solemn

B. harsh

C. arrogant

D. teasing

3. Choose the one from the four immortal odes which is not written by Keats . __________

A. Ode to the West Wind

B. Ode to a Nightingale

C. Ode to Autumn

D. Ode on a Grecian Urn

Answer CDA

Unit 7 &8

1. As a literary figure, John Rivers appears in _______.

A. Fielding’s Tom Jones

B. Dickens’s Oliver Twist

C. Bronte’s Jane Eyre

D. Austen’s Pride and Prejudice

2. This novel is autobiographical to some extent, because it is known to embody many of the early experiences of

Dickens, although it is not an exact autobiography, it is

A. Oliver Twist

B. Great Expectations

C. David Copperfield

D. Bleak House

3. The most distinguishing feature of Charles Dickens’s works lies in his ______.

A. social criticism

B. optimism

C. character-portrayal

D. social setting

4. The author of the work “Dombey and Son” is _________.

A. Charles Dickens

B. Henry James

C. Robert Lee Frost

D. Ezra Pound

5. Pip, Estella, Havisham, Magwitch, and Joe Gargery are most likely names of characters in

_______.

A. Oliver Twist

B. David Copperfield

C. Bleak House

D. Great Expectations

6. Charles Dickens takes the French Revolution as the background of his novel ______.

A. Great Expectations

B. A Tale of Two Cities

C. Bleak House

D. Oliver Twist

Decide whether the following statements are true or false and write your answers (F or T) in the brackets.

1. The greatest English critical realist is Charles Dickens .

( )

2. Both Charlotte Bronte and her sister Emily Bronte were well known

novelists.

( )

3. Jane Austen is one of the male novelists who drew vivid and realistic pictures of everyday life of the country society in her novels .

( )

4. Jane Austen’s masterpiece is Pride and Prejudice .

( )

Analyze the characters:

David Copperfield

Answer

C C C A B B TTFT

David Copperfield David Copperfield narrates his story as an adult yet relays the impressions he had from a youthful point of view. Readers can see how David’s perception of the w orld deepens as he comes of age. David, for instance, is ignorant of Steerforth’s treachery at the beginning, but later readers can feel that David does not think Steerforth deserves David’s adulation. Though David always keeps the virtue of honesty, kindliness, and so on, which are considered as good virtues of human beings, he also has moments of cruelty, like the scene in which he intentionally distresses Mr. Dick by explaining Miss Betsey’s dire situation to him. David, especially as a young man in love, can be foolish and romantic. As he grows up, however, he develops a more mature point of view and searches for a lover who will challenge him and help him grow. David fully matures as an adult when he expresses

the sentiment that he values Agnes’s calm tranquility over all else in his life. In a word, in David’s first-person narration, Dickens conveys the wisdom of the older man’s implicitly through the eyes of a child.

Unit 9

Unit 11

1. I n Hawthorne’s novels and short stories, intellectuals usually a ppear as________.

A. saviors

B. villains

C. commentators

D. observers

2. All of the following are works by Nathaniel Hawthorne except_______.

A. The House of the Seven Gables

B. White Jacket

C. The Marble Faun

D. The Blithedale Romance

The Transcendentalists believe that, first, nature is ennobling, and second, the individual is____, therefore, self-reliant.

A. insignificant

B. vicious by nature

C. divine

D. forward-looking

Answer B B C

Unit 14

______is considered by H.L. Mencken as "the true father of our national literature."

A. Hemingway

B. Poe

C. Irving

D. Twain

Mark Twain wrote most of his literary works with a _______language.

A. grand

B. pompous

C. simple

D. vernacular

Answer D D

Unit 15

As a naturalist writer, Theodore Dreiser was greatly influenced by _______.

A. Nathaniel Hawthorne

B. Charles Darwin

C. Henry James

D. Ralph Waldo Emerson

The following belong to “The Lost Generation” except _______.

A. Ezra Pound

B. Robert Frost

C. Theodore Dreiser

D. William Carlos Williams

Answer BC