高级英语第一册马克吐温课文翻译以及词汇精编版.docx
高级英语第三版第一册课文翻译重点
Lesson 1 Face to Face with Hurricane Camille迎战卡米尔号飓风约瑟夫.布兰克小约翰。
柯夏克已料到，卡米尔号飓风来势定然凶猛。
就在去年8月17日那个星期天，当卡米尔号飓风越过墨西哥湾向西北进袭之时，收音机和电视里整天不断地播放着飓风警报。
柯夏克一家居住的地方一-密西西比州的高尔夫港--肯定会遭到这场飓风的猛烈袭击。
路易斯安那、密西西比和亚拉巴马三州沿海一带的居民已有将近15万人逃往内陆安全地带。
但约翰就像沿海村落中其他成千上万的人一样，不愿舍弃家园，要他下决心弃家外逃，除非等到他的一家人一-妻子詹妮丝以及他们那七个年龄从三岁到十一岁的孩子一一眼看着就要灾祸临头。
为了找出应付这场风灾的最佳对策，他与父母商量过。
两位老人是早在一个月前就从加利福尼亚迁到这里来，住进柯夏克一家所住的那幢十个房间的屋子里。
他还就此征求过从拉斯韦加斯开车来访的老朋友查理?希尔的意见。
约翰的全部产业就在自己家里(他开办的玛格纳制造公司是设计、研制各种教育玩具和教育用品的。
公司的一切往来函件、设计图纸和工艺模具全都放在一楼)。
37岁的他对飓风的威力是深有体会的。
四年前，他原先拥有的位于高尔夫港以西几英里外的那个家就曾毁于贝翠号飓风(那场风灾前夕柯夏克已将全家搬到一家汽车旅馆过夜)。
不过，当时那幢房子所处的地势偏低，高出海平面仅几英尺。
"我们现在住的这幢房子高了23英尺，，'他对父亲说，"而且距离海边足有250码远。
这幢房子是1915年建造的。
至今还从未受到过飓风的袭击。
我们呆在这儿恐怕是再安全不过了。
"老柯夏克67岁.是个语粗心慈的熟练机械师。
他对儿子的意见表示赞同。
"我们是可以严加防卫。
度过难关的，"他说?"一但发现危险信号，我们还可以赶在天黑之前撤出去。
" 为了对付这场飓风，几个男子汉有条不紊地做起准备工作来。
新外研版新教材高中英语选择性必修一全册课文及翻译（中英Word精编）
新外研版新教材高中英语选择性必修一全册课文及翻译（中英Word精编）Unit 1 Laugh out loud!Understanding ideasThe Best Medicine最佳妙药1 As I approach the hospital wearing my white coat, I look just like any other doctor. That is until I put on my curly rainbow wig, big red nose, and add my name badge “Doctor Larry Laugh-Out-Loud”. I walk through the doors into the waiting area, where there’s a familiar atmosphere of boredom and tension. People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs, looking through old magazines, all of which have been read hundreds of times previously. Anxious parents do what they can to comfort nervous and crying children.当我穿着白大褂走进医院时，我看起来和其他医生没什么两样——直到我戴上卷曲的彩虹色假发和大红鼻子，别上我的名牌“拉里，笑哈哈医生”。
我穿过一道道门进入候诊区，这里充斥着常见的厌烦和紧张情绪。
人们别扭地坐在塑料椅上，翻阅着那些已经被读过数百遍的旧杂志。
焦虑的父母们正尽其所能安抚紧张哭闹的孩子。
2 In the middle of this particular scene I spot a small girl whose ankle is twice its normal size. I speak with the on-duty nurse, who tells me that Lara’s parents rushed her to the hospital after she fell off her bicycle. Since getting here, Lara has spent her time crying in pain. Although it’s the doctors and nurses who will treat her injury, it’s my job to make her feel better.在这个特别的场景里，我注意到一个小女孩，她的脚踝肿成了原来的两倍。
(完整word版)高级英语第一册课文翻译及词汇
高级英语第一册课文翻译及词汇第一课词汇(Vocabulary）1.Bazaar （n.) : （in Oriental countries)a market or street of shops and stalls(东方国家的)市场，2. cavern （n．) ：a cave，esp．a large cave洞穴,山洞(尤指大洞穴,大山洞）3. shadowy （adj.) ：dim；indistinct模糊的；朦胧的4. FONT style=”BACKGROUND-COLOR：cornflowerblue" color=white〉harmonious （adj．）：having musical tones combined to give a pleasing effect；consonant（音调）和谐的，悦耳的／harmoniously adv．5。
throng (n.) :a great number of people gathered together；crowd人群；群集6。
conceivable (adj。
）：that can be conceived，imagined 可想象的,想得到的7. din （n.) ：a loud，continuous noise喧闹声，嘈杂声8. would—be （adj．）: intended to be预期成为……的；将要成为……的9。
muted （adj。
) ：(of a sound)made softer than is usual(声音）减弱的10。
vaulted ( adj．) : having the form of a vault；arched穹窿形的；拱形的11。
sepulchral（n．) : suggestive of the grave or burial；dismal;gloomy坟墓般的;阴森森的13. guild （n．）：any association for mutual aid and the promotion of common interests互助会;协会14. trestle （n。
《高级英语》第一册课文7-15翻译、词汇_张汉熙
Learn General Secretary on "two to learn a" strengthening "four Consciousnesses" important speech caused a strong reaction in the country. Time, watching "red treasure", the origin of building the party back to power, how to strengthen services for the masses, improve party cohesion, fighting to become the grass-roots party members and masses hot topic. Grass-roots party organizations "two" is to strengthen the service of party members and cadres, the pioneer spirit. Distribution of grass-roots party organizations in all walks of people, clothing, shelter, which belongs to the nerve endings of the party organization and comments reputation has a direct perception of the masses. Strengthen the party ahead of the "pedal" spirit; strengthen the party members and cadres "success does not have to be me" and "the first to bear hardships, the last to" service spirit to set the party's positive image among the people is important. Grass-roots party organizations "two" is to cleanse all people not happy not to see "stereotypes", establish the honest faithful, diligent faith for the people. No need to avoid mentioning that, some members of our party can not stand the "money," corrosion of temptation, thin, Xu Zhou, such abuse and corrupt bribery, malfeasance borers, and rats. Two, is to clean up, thin, Xu, Zhou's solution to restore the party's fresh and natural, solid and honest work style. Cleansing "take, eat, card," undesirable and behaviour, "cross, hard and cold, push" attitude. Grass-roots party organizations "two" is to strengthen the sense of ordinary party members, participating in consciousness, unity consciousness. For reasons known, members of grass-roots party branches less mobile, less resources, and the construction of party organizations have some lag. Two studies, is to focus on the grass-roots party branches "loose, soft, loose" problem, advance the party members and cadres, "a gang working", "Hong Kong report." Strong cleanup actions, style and rambling, presumptuous "unqualified" party members, pays special attention to party members and cadres "joining party of thought" problem. "Party building" is obtained in the long-term development of our party's historical experience accumulated. Two is our party under the new historical conditions, strengthen the party's construction of a new "rectification movement." Grass-roots party organizations should always catch the hard work, results-oriented. Two educational outcomes are long-term oriented and become an important impetus for the work. "Two" should have three kinds of consciousness "two" study and education, basic learning lies in the doing. Only the Constitution address the series of party rules, and do solid work, be qualified party members had a solid ideological basis. Only the "learning" and "do" real unity, to form a "learn-learn-do-do" the virtuous cycle, and ultimately achieve the fundamental objective of education. This requires that the Organization《高级英语》第一册课文翻译及词汇章美芳第七课神奇的集成电路片时代 (1)第八课互相作用的生活 (1)第九课马克•吐温——美国的一面镜子 (6)第十课震撼世界的审判 (13)第十一课词典的用途究竟何在? (21)第十二课潜水鸟 (29)第十三课大不列颠望洋兴叹 (40)第十四课阿真舍湾 (46)第十五课海上无路标 (62)learning education, need three kinds of consciousness: one is to establish an integrated awareness. "Learning" and "do" what car isTwo-wheel, bird wings, need to go hand in hand, one end can be neglected. Communist theoretician and man. Only by closely combining theory and practice together in order to truly realize their value. "Learning" is the Foundation, the Foundation is not strong, shaking; " "Is the key to net to net thousands of accounts. "Two" education, "" lay the basis, going to "do" the key grip, so that the "learning" and "doing" back to standard, so that the majority of party members "learn" learning theory of nutrients, in the "doing" practice party's purposes. Second, to establish a sense of depth. "Learning" and "do" not Chu drawn, entirely different, but the organic unity of the whole. "Two" learning education, we need to explore integrating "learning" in "do", exhibit "do" in "Science". To avoid the "learning" into simple room instruction, "do" into a monotone for doing. Should exploration "learn" in the has "do", "do" in the has "learn" of education and practice of carrier, makes general grass-roots members can in "learn" in the has "do" of achievements sense, in "do" in the has "learn" of get sense, real makes party of theory brain into heart, put for people service concept outside of Yu shaped. Third, to adhere to long-term the awareness. Style construction on the road forever, "two" had to catch the long-term. "Two" study and education, by no means, assault-style wind-sport, but the recurrent education within the party. In recent years, the party's mass line education practice and "three-three" special education in grass-roots borne rich fruits, vast numbers of party members and cadres withstood the baptism of the spirit. "Two" greater need to focus on longer hold long-term, to establish and perfect the effective mechanism of the education, focusing on the creation of long-term education, strive to make the vast number of party members to maintain their vanguard Color, maintain the party's advanced nature and purity. Awareness-raising, antennas and atmosphere – a discussion on how leading cadres of party members "two" current, "two" activity is in full swing up and down the country, party cadres as a "key minority" is both a barometer and impetus. The "two" meaning enough deep, is to determine the party cadres can resolve to study hard first. In the "two" in the process, some cadres of himself, standing long, high awareness, that Constitution Party rules is simple, its not worth bothering some party cadres think speak series has nothing to do with the grass-roots work, water business learning series of speeches seen as window dressing. These "lazy, casual, and decadent" ideas learning lacks motivation, a serious impediment to "two" effect. John Stuart Mill once said, only a basic element of human thought patterns change dramatically, human destiny can make great improvement. The same, only party members and第七课神奇的集成电路片时代(节选)新生的微型技术将使社会发生巨变1这是一个极小的薄片，只有大约四分之一英寸见方。
高级英语第一册课文翻译及词汇
高级英语第一册课文翻译及词汇词汇(Vocabulary)Bazaar (n.) : (in Oriental countries)a market or street of shops and stalls(东方国家的)市场，集市----------------------------------------------------------------------------------cavern (n．) : a cave，esp．a large cave洞穴，山洞(尤指大洞穴，大山洞)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------shadowy (adj.) : dim；indistinct模糊的；朦胧的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: cornflowerblue" color=white>harmonious (adj．) : having musical tones combined to give a pleasing effect；consonant(音调)和谐的，悦耳的／harmoniously adv．----------------------------------------------------------------------------------throng (n.) :a great number of people gathered together；crowd人群；群集----------------------------------------------------------------------------------conceivable (adj.) : that can be conceived，imagined 可想象的，想得到的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------din (n.) : a loud，continuous noise喧闹声，嘈杂声----------------------------------------------------------------------------------would-be ( adj．) : intended to be预期成为……的；将要成为……的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------muted (adj.) : (of a sound)made softer than is usual(声音)减弱的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------vaulted ( adj．) : having the form of a vault；arched穹窿形的；拱形的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------sepulchral(n．) : a cave，esp．a large cave洞穴，山洞(尤指大洞穴，大山洞)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------shadowy (adj.) : suggestive of the grave or burial；dismal；gloomy坟墓般的；阴森森的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------guild ( n．) : any association for mutual aid and the promotion of common interests互助会；协会----------------------------------------------------------------------------------trestle (n.) :a frame consising of a horizontal beam fastened to two pairs of spreading legs，used to support planks to form a table，platform，etc．支架；脚手台架；搁凳----------------------------------------------------------------------------------impinge (v．) : strike，hit，or dash；have an effect撞击，冲击，冲撞；对……具有影响----------------------------------------------------------------------------------fairyland (n.) : the imaginary land where the fairies live；a lovely enchanting place仙境；奇境----------------------------------------------------------------------------------burnish ( v．) : make or become shiny by rubbing；polish擦亮；磨光；抛光----------------------------------------------------------------------------------brazier ( n.) : a metal pan，bowl，etc．，to hold burning coals or charcoal，as for warming a room or grilling food火盆；火钵----------------------------------------------------------------------------------dim ( v．) :make or grow unclear(使)变暗淡；(使)变模糊----------------------------------------------------------------------------------rhythmic /rhythmical ( adj．) :having rhythm有韵律的；有节奏的／rhythmically adv----------------------------------------------------------------------------------bellows ( n.) :(sing．&p1.)a device that produces a stream of air through a narrow tube when its sides are pressed together(used for blowing fires，etc．)(单复同)风箱----------------------------------------------------------------------------------intricate ( adj．) :complex；hard to follow or understand because full of puzzling parts，details，or relationships；full of elaborate detail错综复杂的；精心制作的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------exotic ( adj．) :strange or different in a way that is striking or fascinating奇异的；异常迷人的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------sumptuous ( adj．) :involving great expense；costly lavish豪华的；奢侈的；昂贵的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------maze ( n.) :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------( n.) :a confusing，intricate network of winding pathways 迷津；迷宫；曲径----------------------------------------------------------------------------------honeycomb ( v．) :fill with holes like a honeycomb使成蜂窝状----------------------------------------------------------------------------------mosque ( n.) :a Moslem temple or place of worship清真寺；伊斯兰教堂----------------------------------------------------------------------------------caravanserai ／caravansery ( n.) :in the Orient．a kind of inn with a large central court，where caravans stop for the night东方商队(或旅行队)的客店----------------------------------------------------------------------------------disdainful ( n.) :feeling or expressing disdain；scornful and aloof；proud轻视的，轻蔑的；傲慢的／disdainfully adv．----------------------------------------------------------------------------------bale ( n.) :a large bundle大包，大捆----------------------------------------------------------------------------------linseed ( n.) :the seed of flax亚麻籽----------------------------------------------------------------------------------somber ( adj．) :dark and gloomy or dull阴沉的；昏暗的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------pulp ( n.) :a soft，moist，formless mass that sticks together浆----------------------------------------------------------------------------------ramshackle ( adj．) :1ikely to fall to pieces；shaky要倒塌似的，摇摇欲坠的．----------------------------------------------------------------------------------dwarf ( v．) :make small or insignificant；make seem small in comparison使矮小；使无足轻重；使(相形之下)显得渺小；使相形见绌----------------------------------------------------------------------------------vat ( n.) :a large tank，tub，or cask for holding liquids大缸；大桶----------------------------------------------------------------------------------nimble ( adj．) :moving or acting quickly and lightly灵活的；敏捷的／nimbly adv．----------------------------------------------------------------------------------girder ( n.) :a large beam，usually horizontal，of timber or steel．for supporting the joists of a floor，the framework of a building．the superstructure of a bridge，etc•大梁----------------------------------------------------------------------------------trickle ( n.) :a slow，small flow细流；涓流----------------------------------------------------------------------------------ooze ( v．) :flow or leak out slowly，as through very small holes 渗出；慢慢地流----------------------------------------------------------------------------------runnel ( n.) :runnel a small stream；little brook or rivulet；a small channel or watercourse小溪；小沟；小槽----------------------------------------------------------------------------------glisten (v．) :shine or sparkle with reflected light, as a wet or polished surface；flash(湿的表面或光滑面)反光；闪耀，闪光----------------------------------------------------------------------------------taut ( adj．) :tightly stretched，as a rope(绳子等)拉紧的，绷紧的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------短语(Expressions)thread one’s way: move through carefully or slowly，changing direc- tion frequenfly as moving 小心，缓慢地挤过(不断地改变方向)例：Slowly she threaded her way back through the moving mass of people．她慢慢挤过熙熙攘攘的人群往回走。
(完整版)高英-Mark-Twain—Mirror-of-America原文+翻译+修辞
Mark Twain-the Mirror of America1 Most Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure. In-deed, this nation's best-loved author was every bit as adventurous, patriotic, romantic, and humorous as anyone has ever imagined. I found another Twain as well – one who grew cynical, bitter, saddened by the profound personal tragedies life dealt him, a man who became obsessed with the frailties of the human race, who saw clearly ahead a black wall of night.在大多数美国人的心目中，马克?吐温是位伟大作家，他描写了哈克?费恩永恒的童年时代中充满诗情画意的旅程和汤姆?索亚在漫长的夏日里自由自在历险探奇的故事。
的确，这位美国最受人喜爱的作家的探索精神、爱国热情、浪漫气质及幽默笔调都达到了登峰造极的程度。
但我发现还有另一个不同的马克?吐温——一个由于深受人生悲剧的打击而变得愤世嫉俗、尖酸刻薄的马克?吐温，一个为人类品质上的弱点而忧心忡忡、明显地看到前途是一片黑暗的人。
2 Tramp printer, river pilot , Confederate guerrilla, prospector, starry-eyed optimist, acid-tongued cynic: The man who became Mark Twain was born Samuel Langhorne Clemens and he ranged across the nation for more than a third of his life, digesting the new American experience before sharing it with the world as writer and lecturer. He adopted his pen name from the cry heard in his steamboat days, signaling two fathoms (12 feet) of water -- a navigable depth. His popularity is attested by the fact that more than a score of his books remain in print, and translations are still read around the world.印刷工、领航员、邦联游击队员、淘金者、耽于幻想的乐天派、语言尖刻的讽刺家：马克?吐温原名塞缪尔?朗赫恩?克莱门斯，他一生之中有超过三分之一的时间浪迹美国各地，体验着美国的新生活，尔后便以作家和演说家的身分将他所感受到的这一切介绍给全世界。
(完整word版)高级英语mark_twain—mirror_of_america翻译
Mark Twain-the Mirror of AmericaMost Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure. In-deed, this nation's best-loved author was every bit as ad-venturous, patriotic, romantic, and humorous as anyone has ever imagined. I found another Twain as well –one who grew cynical, bitter, saddened by the profound personal tragedies life dealt him, a man who became obsessed with the frailties of the human race, who saw clearly ahead a black wall of night.在大多数美国人的心目中，马克?吐温是位伟大作家，他描写了哈克?费恩永恒的童年时代中充满诗情画意的旅程和汤姆?索亚在漫长的夏日里自由自在历险探奇的故事。
的确，这位美国最受人喜爱的作家的探索精神、爱国热情、浪漫气质及幽默笔调都达到了登峰造极的程度。
但我发现还有另一个不同的马克?吐温——一个由于深受人生悲剧的打击而变得愤世嫉俗、尖酸刻薄的马克?吐温，一个为人类品质上的弱点而忧心忡忡、明显地看到前途是一片黑暗的人。
Tramp printer, river pilot , Confederate guerrilla, prospector, starry-eyed optimist, acid-tongued cynic: The man who became Mark Twain was born Samuel Langhorne Clemens and he ranged across the nation for more than a third of his life, digesting the new American experience before sharing it with the world as writer and lecturer. He adopted his pen name from the cry heard in his steamboat days, signaling two fathoms (12 feet) of water -- a navigable depth. His popularity is attested by the fact that more than a score of his books remain in print, and translations are still read around the world.印刷工、领航员、邦联游击队员、淘金者、耽于幻想的乐天派、语言尖刻的讽刺家：马克?吐温原名塞缪尔?朗赫恩?克莱门斯，他一生之中有超过三分之一的时间浪迹美国各地，体验着美国的新生活，尔后便以作家和演说家的身分将他所感受到的这一切介绍给全世界。
高级英语第一册课后翻译
Lesson1X．1)一条蜿蜒的小路淹没在树荫深处A zig-zag path loses itself in the shadowy distance of the woods.2)集市上有许多小摊子，出售的货物应有尽有At the bazaar there are many stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold.3) 我真不知道到底是什么事让他如此生气。
I really don't know what it is that has made him so angry.4)新出土的铜花瓶造型优美，刻有精细、复杂的传统图案。
The newly unearthed bronze vase is pleasing in form and engraved with delicate and intricate traditional designs.5)在山的那边是一望无际的大草原。
Beyond the mountains there is a vast grassland that extends as far as the eye can see.6)他们决定买那座带有汽车房的房子。
They decided to buy that house with a garage attached.7）教师们坚持对学生严格要求。
The teachers make a point of being strict with the students.8）这个小女孩非常喜欢他的父亲。
This little girl is very much attached to her father.9）为实现四个现代化，我们认为有必要学习外国的先进科学技术。
To achieve the four modernization, we make a point of learning from the advanced science and technology of other countries.10）黄昏临近时，天渐渐地暗下来了。
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⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯最新料推荐⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯在大多数美国人的心目中，马克 ?吐温是位伟大作家，他描写了哈克 ?费恩永恒的童年时代中充满诗情画意的旅程和汤姆 ?索亚在漫长的夏日里自由自在历险探奇的故事。
的确，这位美国最受人喜爱的作家的探索精神、爱国热情、浪漫气质及幽默笔调都达到了登峰造极的程度。
但我发现还有另一个不同的马克?吐温——一个由于深受人生悲剧的打击而变得愤世嫉俗、尖酸刻薄的马克 ?吐温，一个为人类品质上的弱点而忧心忡忡、明显地看到前途是一片黑暗的人。
印刷工、领航员、邦联游击队员、淘金者、耽于幻想的乐天派、语言尖刻的讽刺家：马克 ?吐温原名塞缪尔 ?朗赫恩 ?克莱门斯，他一生之中有超过三分之一的时间浪迹美国各地，体验着美国的新生活，尔后便以作家和演说家的身分将他所感受到的这一切介绍给全世界。
他的笔名取自他在蒸汽船上做工时听到的报告水深为两口寻 (12 英尺 ) ——意即可以通航的信号语。
他的作品中有二十几部至今仍在印行，其外文译本仍在世界各地拥有读者，由此可见他的享誉程度。
在马克 ?吐温青年时代，美国的地理中心是密西西比河流域，而密西西比河是这个年轻国家中部的交通大动脉。
龙骨船、平底船和大木筏载运着最重要的商品。
木材、玉米、烟草、小麦和皮货通过这些运载工具顺流而下，运送到河口三角洲地区，而砂糖、糖浆、棉花和威士忌酒等货物则被运送到北方。
在19 世纪50年代，西部领土开发高潮到来之前，辽阔的密西西比河流域占美国已开发领土的四分之三。
1857 年，少年马克 ?吐温作为蒸汽船上的一名小领航员踏人了这片天地。
在这个新的工作岗位上，他接触到的是各式各样的人物，看到的是一个多姿多彩的大干世界。
他完全地投身到这种生活之中，经常在操舵室里听着人们谈论民间争斗、海盗抢劫、私刑案件、游医卖药以及河边的一些化外民居的故事。
所有这一切，连同他那像留声机般准确可靠的记忆所吸收的丰富多彩的语言，后来都有机会在他的作品中得以再现。
蒸汽船的甲板上不仅挤满了富有开拓精神的人们，而且也载着一些娼妓、赌棍和歹徒等社会渣滓。
从所有这些形形色色的人身上，马克?吐温敏锐地认识了人类，认识了人们的言与行之间的差距。
他在蒸汽船上工作的四年半时间是他真正接受教育的开端，而且也是最具有深远意义的教育。
到了晚年，马克?吐温还声言是密西西比河使他了解了各种各样的人的本性。
这种生活体验对他的全部创作都起了促进作用，然而他描写得最为成功的还是那些密西西比河上的人物。
随着铁路运输的发展，社会上对汽船领航员的需求日渐减少，而内战的爆发又阻碍了商业贸易的发展。
这时，马克 ?吐温便离开了密西西比河流域。
他在南方邦联游击队的一支杂牌队伍里当了两个星期的兵。
那支队伍想方设法避免与敌军交战。
在确信“我比发明撤退的人更精通撤退”之后，马克 ?吐温离开了那支队伍。
他乘驿站马车来到西部，在内华达州的华苏地区受到当时正流行的淘金热的诱惑。
同那只有既幸运而又锲而不舍的追求者才能取得的巨大财富三心二意地打了八个月交道之后，他遭到了失败。
在破产和灰心之余，他接受了为弗吉尼亚市《土开》当者的工作，一行将得文学界永久的感激。
自从他因淘金失而感到心灰意冷之后，克 ?吐温便开始努力博取作一名社者和幽默作家的地区性声望。
从事新道工作当然不能使他像淘金成功者一立成巨富，但在方面他的笔杆却比他的要有效得多。
1864 年春季，在他加盟《土开》不足两年之，他又乘站前往旧金山，那儿在当和在都是有前途的年作家成的。
克 ?吐温磨并了他的新笔力，但他却因写了一些尖的文章而被迫离开座城市。
他着虐待人等一市政府提出的尖批惹得一些官大火，因之他只好逃到克拉托山谷的金区避。
他那儿的拓荒者的描写使西海岸地区富有新精神的代人倍感切。
“ 儿的人真是了不起——因那些笨手笨脚、无精打彩、呆呆的都呆在家里⋯⋯正是那些人加利福尼得了的声誉：当他着手行一宏的事，他会不代价或而以一种豪的气概和勇往直前，一千到底。
加利福尼人至今仍保持着的声誉，因而，每当他起一新的惊天地的壮，那些素来重的人便会像往常一微笑着：‘看吧，完全是加利福尼的格’。
”1864 年与 1865 年之交的那个冬天，克 ?吐温是在安吉斯区度的。
在段沉的日子里，他了一本笔。
在乱无章的有关天气情况和乏味无趣的有关区食情况的条目中着一条叙述当天听到的一故事的——条决定了他一生事的展方向：“科曼用他的跳蛙——与陌生人50 美元——陌生人没有跳蛙，科曼去他弄来一只——陌生人利用段将科的跳蛙肚子塞，，科的跳蛙跳不起来，陌生人的跳蛙便得以。
”克 ?吐温的生花妙笔改写之后，个故事登在美国各地的上，成了家的“卡拉拉斯有名的跳蛙”。
至此，克 ?吐温作“太平洋海岸狂放的幽默大”的声望已在全国范内牢固地确立起来了。
两年之后，他得到了一个以美国人特有的眼光去察欧洲旧大的机会。
在市，“ 城号”蒸汽船准行一次到欧洲和圣地的光航行。
是美国人第一次大模的体光旅行——也可以看作是一个国家展史上的某种里程碑。
克 ?吐温作加利福尼一家的者被委派随同光采。
如果者期望能到有关次旅行的神采的描写的，那他是要倍感意外的。
例来，他于那没有他留下什么好印象的土耳其君主丹是道的，“人可以任意一个地方一个陷阱，一夜之准可捕捉到十几个更有能耐的人。
”他信口开河地一些受人景仰的家和珍品加以鄙薄，甚至宗教圣地也敢于以性的言辞加以侮蔑。
回国以后，越来越多的开始刊登他的文章，整个美国都同他一笑。
他一回到美国，他的旅行《傻子出国旅行》立即成。
三十六，克 ?吐温开始定居于康涅狄格州哈特福德，他的最秀的作品全是在那段里世的。
早在 1870 年，克 ?吐温就着写了一篇关于一个他名之比利 ?杰斯的男孩子的童年故事。
两年后，他又将主人公的名字改姆，并着手将故事改成本。
直到 1874 年他才开始真地展故事情。
《姆 ?索》于 1876 年出版后，很快成美国儿童故事的典之作。
部描写姆的皮、勇敢、机智以及他琪 ?莎切的天真的感情的故事几乎像《独立宣言》一成了今天美国学校里的必本。
克 ?吐温本人的独立宣言却是由另一个人物表达出来的。
在《姆?索》第六章里，他引出了“村里的流浪少年，上酒鬼的儿子哈克利?恩”。
哈克不愿在清教徒道格拉斯寡家上等人的体面生活，从那里逃出来后他的朋友姆 ?索牢：“我了，是不行；不行啊，姆。
那不是我的日子⋯⋯那寡家吃要听声，睡要听声，起床也要听声，什么事情都得矩矩，直叫人受不了。
”《姆 ?索》靡美国九年之后，哈克被予独立的生命，成一本被多人是最成功的描写美国人的作品的中的主人公。
他同一个逃跑出来的奴隶一起乘坐木筏沿着密西西比河流而下的漂流航程展了一幅幅揭示美国社会生活全貌的生画面。
通密西西比河，尤其是哈克 ?恩一人物的描写，克 ?吐温将自己想从那束着自己并常常令自己苦的生活步中脱出来，从生活中的各种清戒律以及了事成功而行的苦扎中解放出来的愿望表达得淋漓尽致。
克 ?吐温，美国人的理想中缺少了一种成分。
他：“我只消偶地躺下来好好放松休息一下，保持棱利角，我将有可能成一个多么朝气蓬勃的民族，一个多么富有思想的民族啊 ! ”克 ?吐温的一生都罩在悲的阴影之中，自己的人一个接一个地去世：他的父在他十二那年死于肺炎，他的兄弟亨利在一次汽船爆炸事故中遇；他的儿子朗才十九个月即离开人世。
他的大女儿茜死于脊膜炎；克莱斯夫人在佛死于心病；而他的小女儿也因病的作淹死在楼上的浴盆里。
位曾令全世界笑的人自己却了人世的辛酸。
他早期作品中的道德教厚厚地包着一幽默的外衣，在幽默成了辛辣的刺。
于美国在一个火山口上屠六百名菲律摩洛人的行，他没有直接行抨，而是假装之高唱歌。
在《神秘的陌生人》中，他指出人抛弃宗教幻想，依靠自己而不是上帝的力量去造一个更加美好的世界。
他自己的最后一个幻想到后来似乎也破了。
在晚年口述自的候，他以极端望的心情到人从世的苦中的最解脱：“⋯⋯他从世界上消失了，在这个世界上他们无足轻重，无所成就；甚至他们的存在本身就是个错误，是个失败，是种愚蠢。
这个世界上也没有留下丝毫能表明他们存在过的痕迹。
这个世界赠给他们的只是一日的哀伤和永久的遗忘。
”词汇 (Vocabulary)idyllic ( adj. ):pastoral or picturesque； pleasing and simple田园诗的；田园风光的；生动逼真的；质朴宜人的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------cynical(adj.):believing that people are notivated in all their actions only by selfishness；denying the sincerity of people's motives andactions ，or the value of living玩世不恭的；愤世嫉俗的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------obsess (v ．) :haunt or trouble in mind，esp. to an abnormal degree ；preoccupy greatly 使分心；使心神困扰 ( 尤指精神反常、着迷 )----------------------------------------------------------------------------------frailty(n.) :the quality or condition of being frail；weakness(esp. moral weakness)脆弱性；虚弱性 ( 尤指意志薄弱 )----------------------------------------------------------------------------------tramp ( n.):the act of tramping；a journey on foot；hike 步行；徒步旅行----------------------------------------------------------------------------------prospector( n.):a person who prospects for valuable ores ，oil ，etc ． ( 矿藏等的 ) 勘探者；探矿者----------------------------------------------------------------------------------starry — eyed ( adj.):with the eyes sparkling in a glow of wonder，romance，visionary dreams ，etc ．过于理想的；不切实际的；盲目乐观的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------acid —tongued ( adj.):sharp，sarcastic in speech说话尖刻的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------cynic ( n.):a cynical person玩世不恭的人；好挖苦人的人；愤世嫉俗的人----------------------------------------------------------------------------------navigable( n.) :wide and deep enough， or free enough from obstructions，to be traveled on by vessels可行船的；可通航的；可航行的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------attest ( n.):serve as proof of；demonstrate ；make clear 作⋯⋯的据，⋯⋯作；；表明----------------------------------------------------------------------------------artery ( n.):a main road or channel干，干道，大路；干渠----------------------------------------------------------------------------------keelboat(n.):a large ，shallow freight boat with a keel ，formerly used on the Mississippi，Missouri，etc ．( 旧密西西比河、密西河等用的)骨船----------------------------------------------------------------------------------flatboat(n.):a boat with a flat bottom ，for carrying freight in shallow waters or on rivers平底船----------------------------------------------------------------------------------molasses ( n.):a thick， usually dark brown syrup produced during／he refining of sugar， or from sorghum ，etc ．糖蜜，糖----------------------------------------------------------------------------------cub ( n.):an inexperienced，awkward youth 浅的年人----------------------------------------------------------------------------------cosmos (n.) :the universe considered as a harmonious and orderly system 宇宙----------------------------------------------------------------------------------feud ( n.):a bitter，long —continued，and deadly quarrel ，esp. between clans of families(尤指部落或家族的 ) 世仇，累世宿仇，夙怨，期不和----------------------------------------------------------------------------------lynch (v ．) :[Am ．]murder(an accused person)by mob action and withoutlawful trial， as by hanging[美] 私刑死----------------------------------------------------------------------------------phonographic( adj.):[Am ．]of a phonograph or the sounds madeby sb. [ 美]留声机的，唱机的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------teem ( v．) :be full， as though ready to bring forth young；abound；swarm充；富于；大量地出；涌----------------------------------------------------------------------------------flotsam ( n.) :transient ，unemployed people ； vagrants 流离失所者，流浪者，游民；失者；被掉的人----------------------------------------------------------------------------------hustler ( n.):[Am ．slang]a prostitute[美俚]妓女----------------------------------------------------------------------------------thug ( n.) :a rough ，brutal hoodlum，gangster ，robber ，etc ．棍；暴徒；盗----------------------------------------------------------------------------------motley ( adj. ) :having or composedof manydifferent or clashing elements ；heterogeneous 混乱的；乱的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------succumb ( v ．) : ①give way(to) ； yield ；submit ②die ①屈服，屈从 ( 常与 to 用 ) ②死----------------------------------------------------------------------------------epidemic ( n.) :the rapid ，widespread occurrence of a fad ，fashion ，etc ．(尚、气、好等的 ) 一流行，行----------------------------------------------------------------------------------flirt ( v．):trifle or toy(with)玩弄，耍；做着玩；不真地待，不真地考 ( 常与 with 用 )----------------------------------------------------------------------------------colossal ( adj.):1ike a colossus in size；huge；gigantic； enormous 巨大的，大的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------rebuff ( v ．) :check or repulse挫；阻止----------------------------------------------------------------------------------broke (adj.):[colloq ．]having little or no money；bankrupt[口] 无的，身无分文的；破了的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------hone (v ．) :sharpen with or as with a hone把⋯⋯放在磨石上磨----------------------------------------------------------------------------------scathing ( adj. ): searing；withering；injurious； harsh or caustic严厉的，尖刻的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------sluggish ( adj. ):slow or slow —moving； not active； dull( 行动 ) 缓慢的；迟钝的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------sloth ( n.):a lazy person懒汉----------------------------------------------------------------------------------astound ( v． ) :bewilder with sudden surprise； astonish greatly；amaze 使震惊，使惊愕，使大吃一惊----------------------------------------------------------------------------------tedious ( adj.):long or verbose and vearisome； triesome ；boring冗长乏味的；使人厌倦的；沉闷的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------travelogue( n.):a lecture on travels,usually accompanied by the showing of pictures旅行见闻讲座----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Sultan ( n.):a Moslem ruler苏丹 ( 一些伊斯兰教国家统治者的称号 )----------------------------------------------------------------------------------debunk ( v．) :[Am ．colloq． ]expose the false or exaggerated claims，pretensions ，glamour ， etc ．[ 美口 ] 揭露，揭发，揭穿----------------------------------------------------------------------------------revere ( v．) :regard with deep respect，love ，and awe； venerate尊敬，崇敬；敬畏----------------------------------------------------------------------------------ingenuity( n.):the quality of being ingenious ；cleverness ，originality，skill ，etc ．机灵，机智，足智多谋；独创性，创造力；熟练，巧妙----------------------------------------------------------------------------------juvenile ( adj.):young and youthful年轻的；青年的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------pariah ( n.):any person despised or rejected by others； outcast为社会所遗弃者；流浪者----------------------------------------------------------------------------------puritanical(adj.):extremely or excessively strict in matters of morals and religion宗教 ( 或道德 ) 上极端拘的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------panorama ( n.):an unlimited view in all directions全景；全----------------------------------------------------------------------------------deplore ( v ． ) :be regretful or sorry about懊悔，悔恨，⋯⋯深感憾----------------------------------------------------------------------------------sap ( v ．) :undermine in any way； weaken；exhaust 削弱；耗竭----------------------------------------------------------------------------------clamor ( n.):a loud outcry；uproar 大声呼喊，喧嚷，喧，吵----------------------------------------------------------------------------------robust ( adj. ):strong and healthy；full of vigor；hardy 健壮的；精力充沛的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------haunt ( v ． ) :appear or recur repeatedly to，often to the point of obsession( 思想、回等 ) ； ( 疾病等 ) 住----------------------------------------------------------------------------------pneumonia ( n.):inflammation or infection of the alveoli of the lungsof varying degrees of severity and caused by any of a number of agents，such as bacteria or viruses肺炎．----------------------------------------------------------------------------------meningitis ( n.):inflammation of the meninges． esp. as the result of infection by bacteria or viruses脊膜炎----------------------------------------------------------------------------------epileptic ( n.):a person who has epilepsy患者----------------------------------------------------------------------------------pad ( v ．) :stuff， cover ，or line with a pad or padding填塞；填----------------------------------------------------------------------------------crater ( n.):a bowl—shaped cavity ，as at the mouth of a volcano or onthe surface of the moon碗形洞 ( 如火山口、形山、月亮表面的坑状地方) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------crumble ( v．) :fall to pieces；disintegrate；decay破碎，破裂；使散，使瓦解，消----------------------------------------------------------------------------------lament ( v.) :feel or express deep sorrow for ； mourn or grieve for ⋯⋯而悲痛；哀悼；⋯⋯而心----------------------------------------------------------------------------------短语 (Expressions)every bit:(infml)equalIy；entirely完全，同地例： He is every bit as mean as she is．他与她同平庸。