中国文化概况AGlimpseofChineseCulture(修订版)Chapter11
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中国文化概况A Glimpse of Chinese Culture(修订版)Chapter 12--World Heritage Sites
Natural Heritage
Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas
• Located in the mountainous northwest of Yunnan province • refer to the areas where the Jinsha River, the Lancang River and the Nujiang River flow roughly parallel through steep gorges • numerous natural resources and traditional customs of multiple ethnic minorities • harbour the richest biodiversity among the temperate areas of the world
Cultural and Natural Heritage
Cultural and Natural Heritage
Mount Wuyi • Located south of Wuyishan city, Fujian province • subtropical virgin forests and many attractions of exceptional scenic quality • also known for its great historic and cultural value
Natural Heritage
Natural Heritage
Huanglong Scenic and Historic Interest Area • Located in Songpan county, northwest of Sichuan province • Its most important feature is the outstanding karst formation. • tall arbours and shrubs, vines, herbs and moss, as well as rare and endangered plants that only China has. • enjoys the reputation of “Kingdom of Cold Temperate Plants”. • boasts more than 30 species of national Grade-A and Grade-B protected animals
中国文化概况_chapter_1
Located in the east of the Asian continent, on the western shore of the Pacific ocean, the PRC has a land area of about 9.6 million sq km, and is the third largest country in the world, next only to Russia and Canada.
National Emblem
Composed of patterns of the national flag, the Tian’anmen Rostrum [‘rɔstrəm]（城楼）, a wheel gear and ears of wheat, it symbolizes the New-Democratic Revolution of the Chinese people since the May 4th Movement in 1919 and the birth of New China.
National Day National Emblem ['embləm] 象征；徽章； 符号 National Anthem ['æ nθəm]赞美诗；圣歌 National Capital
National Day
Chinese celebrate October 1 as National Day in honor of the founding of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) on October 1, 1949.
The relatively enclosed geographical surroundings provided exceptional natural advantages for the ancient Chinese culture to develop independently, for a fairly long period free from the impact of foreign cultures, especially those powerful ones. These facilitated the Chinese culture to evolve into a stable and independent system with distinctive regional features.
中国文化概况A Glimpse of Chinese Culture-Chapter 5
A Glimpse of Chinese Culture
Chapter 5
Education
本章教学的目的
1. 了解中国教育发展简史; 2. 掌握古今教育有关常用术语; 3. 探讨中国教育现状及心目中的优秀教师 标准。
本章教学的重难点
1. 古代教育模式、科举制度 2. 现代教育基本概况 3. 国际交流与合作 4. 有关优秀教师标准的讨论
The Military Examination
The military examination featured martial arts, including horsemanship, archery, and weightlifting.
More Information…
三元及第坊 三元, 是省级的“乡试”、全国的 “会试”和皇帝亲自主持的“殿试” 均名列第一，分别获得“解元”、 “会元”、“状元”称号的缩略。自
Imperial Examination System
The system of the imperial examination, or Keju (科举) in Chinese, dominated education in China’s feudal society. It became the method, by which talented people were recognized and selected as government officials. The practice began in the Sui Dynasty and lasted more than 1,300 years until the last examination, which was held during the Qing Dynasty.
Chapter 5
Education
本章教学的目的
1. 了解中国教育发展简史; 2. 掌握古今教育有关常用术语; 3. 探讨中国教育现状及心目中的优秀教师 标准。
本章教学的重难点
1. 古代教育模式、科举制度 2. 现代教育基本概况 3. 国际交流与合作 4. 有关优秀教师标准的讨论
The Military Examination
The military examination featured martial arts, including horsemanship, archery, and weightlifting.
More Information…
三元及第坊 三元, 是省级的“乡试”、全国的 “会试”和皇帝亲自主持的“殿试” 均名列第一，分别获得“解元”、 “会元”、“状元”称号的缩略。自
Imperial Examination System
The system of the imperial examination, or Keju (科举) in Chinese, dominated education in China’s feudal society. It became the method, by which talented people were recognized and selected as government officials. The practice began in the Sui Dynasty and lasted more than 1,300 years until the last examination, which was held during the Qing Dynasty.
中国文化概况(修订版)Chapter10
Civilian residential housing
Huizhou residential houses
embraced local physical features incorporated fengshui concepts and aesthetic trends black tiles, white walls and decorations placed elegantly on upturned eaves the garden-style with exquisite carvings on the doors and windows doorframe constructed with one stone rather than a wood
Some Ethnic Houses
Dai bamboo house
the traditional dwelling of the Dai people square in shape, two storeys. living quarters: the upper storey, supported by wooden poles and more than two meters above the ground the open-walled lower storey is for raising domestic animals and for storage the building has an oblique (斜的) roof, shaped as an upside down, covered with grass or tiles. the upper storey: inner bedrooms and an outer living room
中国文化概况(修订版)Chapter 4
Discussion & Presentation
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Lead-in Activity
Watch & Think Watch the video clip and discuss the reason why Shanghai schools outperform the Entire World On Tests.
The Development of Traditional Education
Official Schools The Academy of Classic Learning • Came into being during the Tang Dynasty and continued until the end of the Qing Dynasty • Established in various localities for studies and lectures • Existed for thousands of years and were more like the present higher education institutions and libraries • Became the gathering places for scholars, celebrities, and intellectuals • When the imperial civil examination system was abolished, most of the academies were converted into schools.
• Senior Middle School and Secondary Vocational School
中国文化概况A Glimpse of Chinese Culture(修订版)Chapter 7
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Lantern Festival
• celebrated on the 15th day of the first lunar month • with a grand display of beautiful lanterns • riddles pasted onto lanterns are guessed • yuanxiao, a kind of rice dumplings, was eaten
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Mid-Autumn Festival
•Please tell the legend about the festival
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Double Ninth Festival
• celebrated on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month • began as early as the Warring States period • activities include: outing and enjoying the scenes, climbing mountains, appreciating chrysanthemum, wearing dogwood, eating Chongyang pastry and drinking chrysanthemum wine • the Chinese government designated the festival as “Senior Citizens Day” in 1989
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Antiphonal Singing Day
• a traditional festival for the Zhuang people and some other ethnic minorities • young people, dressed in their best, gather in the fields and do antiphonal singing in groups with those of the opposite sex
中国文化概况A-Glimpse-of-Chinese-Culture(修订版)Chapter-8
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Features of Chinese Food
Yin-yang Principle Each food has its own characteristics of yin or yang. Yin foods : thin, cold ,low calories.
Boiling makes food yin. Yang foods : rich, spicy, hot ,high calories.
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Features of Chinese Food
Seasonings
taste mainly depends on the seasonings. many tastes—salty (salt, soy sauce), sweet (sugar, honey), sour (vinegar), fragrant (sesame oil, coriander, wine), spicy(chilli, garlic, ginger), tangy(monosodium glutamate or MSG), bitter(dried tangerine, bitter apricot kernel),etc.
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Eight Regional Cuisines
Guangdong Cuisine also known as Yuecai (粤菜). fresh, crisp, tender, lightly
seasoned. roasting, stir-frying, sautéing,
deep-frying, stewing and steaming. porridges and soups
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Eight Regional Cuisines
Features of Chinese Food
Yin-yang Principle Each food has its own characteristics of yin or yang. Yin foods : thin, cold ,low calories.
Boiling makes food yin. Yang foods : rich, spicy, hot ,high calories.
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Features of Chinese Food
Seasonings
taste mainly depends on the seasonings. many tastes—salty (salt, soy sauce), sweet (sugar, honey), sour (vinegar), fragrant (sesame oil, coriander, wine), spicy(chilli, garlic, ginger), tangy(monosodium glutamate or MSG), bitter(dried tangerine, bitter apricot kernel),etc.
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Eight Regional Cuisines
Guangdong Cuisine also known as Yuecai (粤菜). fresh, crisp, tender, lightly
seasoned. roasting, stir-frying, sautéing,
deep-frying, stewing and steaming. porridges and soups
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Eight Regional Cuisines
中国文化概况(修订版)Chapter 3
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Traditional Operas
Do you know what kinds of operas the following pictures indicate?
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Beijing Opera
Beijing Opera • originally a form of local theatre, then a national opera of China • the four basic skills include singing, recitation, acting and acrobatic fighting • the four major roles include sheng, dan, jing and chou • has distinguished facial make-up and costume
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Beijing
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Beijing
Forbidden City Tian’anmen Square Temple of Heaven Summer Palace Great Wall Ming Tombs
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Beijing
Introduction
• China’s capital city • located in the northern part of the North China Plain • political and cultural center of China • has about 30 million permanent residents
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Beijing
Tian’anmen Square
• the symbol of New China • North: Tian’anmen Gate Tower Center: Monument to the People’s heroes West: Great Hall of the People East: National Museum of China
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Beijing
Temple of Heaven
• situated in the southern part of Beijing • a place where the Ming and Qing emperors worshipped the god of Heaven and prayed for good harvests • the structure signifies Heaven and Earth • a cultural museum which merges architecture, aesthetics, acoustics, astronomy, calendar, music and dance into a integral whole
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Beijing
Ming Tombs
• situated at the foot of the Heavenly Longevity Mountain • 13 emperors, along with 23 empresses and other royal families and maids in the Ming dynasty were buried here • harmony and unity with nature was paid attention to • reflect the philosophy of “the unity of heaven and humanity”
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Beijing
Great Wall
• its first major wall was built during the reign of Emperor Qinshihuang • today’s Great Wall of China was built during the Ming dynasty • in the aim of protecting people from raids by northern tribes • a symbol of Chinese character • listed as a World Cultural Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1987
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Beijing
Summer Palace
• largest imperial garden in the world • initial construction began in 1750 • commissioned by Emperor Qianlong as a birthday gift for her birthday • plundered by foreign troops in 1860 and innovated by Empress Dowager Cixi in 1886 • consists primarily of the Longevity Hill and Kunming Lade
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Beijing
Forbidden City
• a vast ancient architectural complex located in
the centre of Beijing • regarded as the finest example of traditional Chinese architecture • surround by a moat and walls • divided into two parts: the southern section (outer court) and the northern section (inner court) • 14 emperors of the Ming dynasty and 10 emperors of the Qing dynasty reined in here • listed as World Cultural Heritage Site by UNESCO
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Overview
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Lead-in Activity
Chinese Tourism
Discussion & Presentation
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Chinese Tourism
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Welcome Aboard: 1 Beijing 2 Xi’an 3 Hangzhou 4 Nanjing 5 Shanghai 6 Kunming 7 Guilin 8 Lhasa
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Lead-in Activity
Discuss
Watch the video and discuss the following questions. 1 How do you define “food tourism”? 2 In your mind, does any country stands out at marketing the restaurants in the country? How is China doing in this area?
中国文化概况
A GLIMPSE OF CHINESE CULTURE
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Chapter 11
Major Tourist Cities
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学习目标
•介绍中国重点旅游城市； •熟悉中国旅游概况。
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ew
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Lead-in Activity
Chinese Tourism
Discussion & Presentation
Beijing
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Beijing
Forbidden City Tian’anmen Square Temple of Heaven Summer Palace Great Wall Ming Tombs
a
9
Beijing
Introduction
• China’s capital city • located in the northern part of the North China Plain • political and cultural center of China • has about 30 million permanent residents
a
11
Beijing
Tian’anmen Square
• the symbol of New China • North: Tian’anmen Gate Tower Center: Monument to the People’s heroes West: Great Hall of the People East: National Museum of China
a
12
Beijing
Temple of Heaven
• situated in the southern part of Beijing • a place where the Ming and Qing emperors worshipped the god of Heaven and prayed for good harvests • the structure signifies Heaven and Earth • a cultural museum which merges architecture, aesthetics, acoustics, astronomy, calendar, music and dance into a integral whole
a
15
Beijing
Ming Tombs
• situated at the foot of the Heavenly Longevity Mountain • 13 emperors, along with 23 empresses and other royal families and maids in the Ming dynasty were buried here • harmony and unity with nature was paid attention to • reflect the philosophy of “the unity of heaven and humanity”
a
14
Beijing
Great Wall
• its first major wall was built during the reign of Emperor Qinshihuang • today’s Great Wall of China was built during the Ming dynasty • in the aim of protecting people from raids by northern tribes • a symbol of Chinese character • listed as a World Cultural Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1987
a
13
Beijing
Summer Palace
• largest imperial garden in the world • initial construction began in 1750 • commissioned by Emperor Qianlong as a birthday gift for her birthday • plundered by foreign troops in 1860 and innovated by Empress Dowager Cixi in 1886 • consists primarily of the Longevity Hill and Kunming Lade
a
10
Beijing
Forbidden City
• a vast ancient architectural complex located in
the centre of Beijing • regarded as the finest example of traditional Chinese architecture • surround by a moat and walls • divided into two parts: the southern section (outer court) and the northern section (inner court) • 14 emperors of the Ming dynasty and 10 emperors of the Qing dynasty reined in here • listed as World Cultural Heritage Site by UNESCO
a
5
Overview
a
Lead-in Activity
Chinese Tourism
Discussion & Presentation
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Chinese Tourism
1
2
35
8 4
6
7
a
Welcome Aboard: 1 Beijing 2 Xi’an 3 Hangzhou 4 Nanjing 5 Shanghai 6 Kunming 7 Guilin 8 Lhasa
4
Lead-in Activity
Discuss
Watch the video and discuss the following questions. 1 How do you define “food tourism”? 2 In your mind, does any country stands out at marketing the restaurants in the country? How is China doing in this area?
中国文化概况
A GLIMPSE OF CHINESE CULTURE
a
1
Chapter 11
Major Tourist Cities
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2
学习目标
•介绍中国重点旅游城市； •熟悉中国旅游概况。
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3
ew
a
Lead-in Activity
Chinese Tourism
Discussion & Presentation