英语国家概况-2
【英语国家概况】102UK-2Whoarethebritish（done）[兼容模式]
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【英语国家概况】102UK-2Whoarethebritish（done）[兼容模式]Lecture 2 People andLanguageThe United Kingdom ofGreat Britain andNorthern IrelandEnglish Speaking Countries——1. Who Are the British ?Q3. Give 3‐4 examples to show that the Romans had Great influence on the English culture?Q1. Who are the earliest inhabitsof Britain of whom the Englishpeople have written records, andwhere did these records comefrom?Q2. What is a traditionally typicalEnglishman thought to be like?Why is it not easy to talk about atypicalEnglishman?Although the United Kingdom covers only a small area of the earth's surface , it represents people of manydifferent origins and cultures. Yet all of them are British.the United Kingdom: 联合王国，中英⽂简称分别英国和UK，全名为⼤不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国“(the United Kingdom of GreatBritain and the Northern Ireland)。
联合王国由英格兰、苏格兰、威尔⼠及北爱尔兰四部分组成，全国⾯积为244 ，000平⽅公⾥。
英语国家概况自考题-2_真题-无答案
英语国家概况自考题-2(总分100,考试时间90分钟)PART ONEⅠ.Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefullyFor each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked are given. Choose the one that you think **pletes the statement or answers the question.1. At present, there are ______ member countries within the Commonwealth(1991).A. 50 B.45 C. 55 D. 402. The Anglo-Saxons brought ______ religion to Britain.A. Druidism B. Roman Catholic C. Teutonic D. Christian3. William, Duke of Normandy, fought King Harold of England at the Battle of Hastings in ______.A. 1086 B. 1066 C. 1035 D. 13814. Which of the following is not true about "Domesday Book"?A. It **piled to discover how much to be called upon to pay by taxes. B. It was so called because it seemed to the English like the Book of Doom used on Judgment Day. C. It **pleted as the result of a general survey of England. D. It is kept in the public library in London.5. According to Magna Carta no tax should be made without the approval of ______.A. the witan B. the King C. the Grand Council D. the Commons6. The Hundred Years' War between England and France was caused by ______.A. racial struggles B. territorial and economic disputes C. colonial expansions D. struggle for new territories7. The War of Roses that took place from 1455 to 1485 was fought between ______.A. Britain and France B. the Parliament and the Crown C. the working people and the aristocrats D. two branches of the Plantagenet family8. The religious reform in England in the 16th century was to ______ and to make ______ Church of England.A. cut connections with the Pope, an independent B. establish connections with the Pope, a Catholic C. establish new relations with the Pope, a Royal D. alter theology in everyway, revolutionary9. Three of the following were characteristics of the Elizabeth age. Which of the four is the exception?A. Queen Elizabeth advocated the Divine Right and quarreled with parliament. B. Protestantism gradually became the dominant faith. C. This was the age of literature which Shakespeare lived and when English literature blossomed. D. This was the beginning of trade and colonization.10. The First Civil War in England began in ______ and ended in ______.A. 1640, 1642 B. 1620, 1640 C. 1607, 1620 D. 1642, 164611. In Britain the Nonconformists were originally called the ______.A. Puritans B. Levelers C. Catholics D. Cavaliers12. In Britain, the Tories were the forerunners of ______, which still bears the nickname today.A. the Labor Party B. the Conservative Party. C. the Liberal Party D. the Social Democratic Party13. After ______ between Britain and France, Canada was ceded to Britain by the 1763 Treaty of Paris.A. the Six Years' War B. the Quebec War C. the Canadian War D. the Seven Years' War14. The Reform Act of 1832 was also called ______ which abolished "rotten boroughs".A. the Election Act of 1832 B. the Greater Charter of 1832 C. the petition of Right D. the Anti-Corruption Act15. The first woman prime minister in Britain was ______ who came to power in ______.A. Margaret Thatcher, 1979 B. Elizabeth Ⅰ, 1979 C. Edward Heath, 1973 D. Harold Macmillan, 195016. Which of the following is not one of the members of the Lords Temporal?A. All hereditary peers and peeresses of England, Scotland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom(but not peers of Ireland). B. Life peers created to assist the House in its judicial duties. C. Senior bishops of the Church of England. D. All other life peers.17. Which of the following is not involved in the British judicial responsibilities?A. Attorney General. B. Ministry of Justice. C. The Lord Chancellor. D. The Home Secretary.18. Police forces are allowed to join some organizations except ______.A. a club B. a trade union C. a political D. the army19. Which statement about the religion in Britain is true?A. Every person in Britain may change his religion, but with difficulty. B. Every person may not manifest his faith in teaching, worship and observance. C. Every person has the right to religious freedom without interference from **munity or the State. D. Churches and religious societies of any kind cannot own property andpropagate their beliefs in speeches and writing.20. Which statement about the British universities is not true?A. They enjoy academic freedom. B. They cannot appoint their own staff. C. They are governed by royal charters. D. They provide their own courses and award their own degrees.21. Which of the following is not quality newspaper in Britain?A. Financial Times. B. The Sun. C. The Guardian. D. The Times.22. The home of golf is ______ where the game has been played since the ______ century.A. Scotland, 17th B. England, 17th C. England, 18th D. Scotland, 18th23. ______ remain the most significant feature of Irish landscape.A. Lakes B. Low ridges C. Cliffs D. Bogs24. Which of the following statements about Ireland's history is true?A. Ireland was invaded only by Celtic tribes. B. The arrival of St. Patrick in AD 432 was perhaps the most important event in Irish history. C. At the early of the 8th century the Viking invasions began. D. In 1170, the Anglo-Saxons invaded Ireland and from then on, the conflict between the English and the Irish went on for almost 600 years.25. Ireland declared itself a republic in ______.A. 1921 B. 1945 C. 1917 D. 194926. Christopher Columbus was ______ navigator who was supported by the ______.A. a Spanish, Spanish queen B. an Italian, Spanish queen C. an English, English queen D. a portuguese, portuguese king27. The Constitution was first ratified by ______ in December 1787.A. Massachusetts B. New York C. Georgia D. Delaware28. In the early 1850s, with the westward movement, the slavery issue became a serious political issue endangering the unity of the country because ______.A. whether the future states formed as a result of the westward movement should be free or slave world affect the balance of power in the Senate B. the south insisted that slavery should be allowed to spread into all new territories C. the north refused to let slavery spread into new territories D. the north wanted to put an end to slavery29. With the development of industry and extension of railroad network in the early 20th century in the USA, there appeared ______.A. a rapid growth of cities B. an influx of foreign goods C. an increase of urban ghettos D. a great increase in the number of farms30. Which of the following does not account for President Theodore Roosevelt's contributions?A. The initiation of large-scale irrigation projects. B. The implementation of the Sherman Anti-trustAct. C. The adoption of the Hepburn Act of 1906. D. The passage of the Federal Reserve Act.31. ______ was the beginning of a long economic depression in the U.S.A. The bankruptcy of banksB. Serious unemployment C. The stock market crash D. Farm foreclosures32. Which of the following that are concerned with President Franklin D. Roosevelt is not true?A. the New Deal. B. the Teheran Conference. C. the Yalta Conference. D. the Potsdam Conference.33. Which of the following is not true about McCarthyism?A. It was the reflection of anti-Communism on the American society. B. It refers to the anti-Communist hysteria in the United States. C. The court played a role in approving the lawfulness of anti-Communist activities. D. It frightened a large number of Americans who felt it would be more dangerous to conform than to disagree with the majority.34. ______ was elected president because in the late 1970s, the American society turned conservative.A. Ronald Reagan B. Jimmy Carter C. Richard M. Nixon D. George Bush35. ______, the Pacific Coast's largest and **mercial city and the second largest city in population in the United States, is located in the heart of a rich agriculture and oil-producing region. A. San Francisco B. Los Angeles C. New York D. New Orleans36. The president cannot veto a law if Congress passes it by a ______ vote at the second time.A. one-third B. half C. two-thirds D. three-fourths37. ______ must **e from the House of representation.A. Legislative bills B. Commercial bills C. Revenue bills D. Budget bills38. According to the U.S. Constitution, education is a function of the ______.A. state B. federal government C. church D. voters39. Junior colleges include the following colleges except ______.A. Bible B. community C. junior D. technical40. Mummers Parade held in ______ is one of the most popular New Year's Day activities.A. New York City B. Washington D.C. C. Philadelphia D. pasadena41. ______ is the biggest and best-loved holiday in the United States.A. Independence Day B. Thanksgiving Day C. Christmas Day D. New Year's Day42. It was ______ who established the settlement in Canada in 1608.A. Henry Hudson B. John Cabot C. Jacques Carder D. Samuel de Champlain43. According to the new federal Immigration Act (1978), the following are the fundamental objectives of Canadian immigration law except ______.A. family reunion B. concern for refugees C. promotion of the economic development of the country D. preservation of British culture44. Australia is the world's ______ continent with an area of about ______ million square kilometres.A. second largest, 8.7 B. smallest, 7.7 C. third largest, 6.7 D. fourth, 6.245. 80% of Australians live in ______.A. the west B. the north C. the south and east D. the central46. New South Wales was the first colony set up by Britain in ______, so it is the oldest of the Australian states.A. 1776 B. 1778 C. 1788 D. 178947. Queensland is also called ______.A. the garden state B. the sunshine state C. the premier state D. the state of excitement48. ______ is also called the garden city because of its beautiful layout.A. Tasmania B. Canberra C. Victoria D. South Australia49. New Zealand consists of two main islands: ______.A. North Island and South Island B. Steward Island and Long Island C. West Island and East Island D. Victorian Island and Tasman Island50. The climate in New Zealand is generally ______.A. hot B. cold C. dry D. temperatePART TWOⅡ.Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions1. How did the Anglo-Saxons invade England?2. What is the main spirit of the Great Charter?3. What was Puritanism noted for?4. What was the goal of the London Working Men's Association in its struggle?5. What are Established churches in Britain?6. What was the consequence of the the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921?7. What was the basic demand of the Progressive Movement?8. What are the three giants in the American automobile industry?.9. Why is education very important to Americans?10. Where is the name "Canada" believed to **e from?Ⅲ.Explain each of the following terms in English1. William the Conqueror2. the Industrial Revolution3. the Bill of Rights4. Two-Party System of USA。
英语国家概况II. British History
The Tower of London
• William sailed his army across the English Channel to conquer England. On October 14, 1066, he met Harold at Hastings and conquered him. On Christmas Day later that year, William the conqueror was crowned King of England.
The Great Charter
The Beginning of the Parliament • Clause 14 states that the common consent of the kingdom was to be sought from a council of the archbishops, bishops, earls and greater Barons. This later became the great council, which led to the first parliament.
Stonehenge
Early Settlers
3. In the 1st millennium BC (公元前 1000 年 ), the Celts (凯尔特人 ) overran the British Isles. Celtic warriors were farmers when they weren’t fighting.
The Great Charter
The Beginning of the Parliament
• 注：Magna Carta (the Great Charter) 英 国大宪章。1215年，英国大封建领主和教 会反对英王约翰的一些政策，迫使他签署 了保障部分公民权和政治权利的文件，限 制国王的权力。大宪章被认为是维护公民 权不受王权侵犯的重要文件。
英语国家概况 unit 2 the people
Influence of the Roman conquest
➢ The Romans introduced their civilization into England. They brought the Latin alphabet, their religion, Christianity to Britain.
10
• During the 8th and 9th centuries, a substantial numbers of Scandinavians (Vikings) raided and settled in the Britain and Ireland, but subdued and integrated by the Anglo-Saxon culture.
kilometers. (twice densely than France, 9 times than the USA, 100 times than Australia) Life Expectancy: 75.94 years for men
80.96 years for women.
3
Highly urbanized: about 90% living in cities and 10% living in the countryside
24
The pie chart shows the percentages of age structure throughout the United Kingdom
25
From :
the density of each country
Country England Scotland Wales Northern Ireland
《英语国家概况》Unit 2 American History课件
乔治·华盛顿（George Washington， 1732年2月22日 --- 1799年12月14日） 美国第一任总统，被尊称为美国国父， 1793年连任，在两届任期结束后， 他自愿放弃权力不再续任，隐退于弗 农山庄园。华盛顿学者们则将他和 亚伯拉罕·林肯并列为美国历史上 最伟大的总统。
be distributed, several dozen Boston residents boarded the ship at night and threw $75,000 worth of tea into the harbor. This came to be known as the “Boston Tea Party”. • The start of the war • In 1775, about 1,000 British soldiers were sent from Boston to seize the military supplies of the American militia. When they arrived at Lexington they were met by the armed militiamen. Suddenly a shot was fired and the War of Independence began.
and Grievances
The second Continental Congress 1775
Date: May, 1775
Place: Philadelphia
Result: The Congress founded a Continental Army under the command of George Washington. The Declaration of
英语国家概况-2
英语国家概况-2英语国家概况Introduction to the English-Speaking Countries一、基本信息课程代码：2020129课程学分：2面向专业：英语课程性质：专业基础必修课课程类型：理论教学课开课院系：外国语学院英语系使用教材：主教材：《英语国家概况》（修订第二版），温洪瑞主编，首都经济贸易大学出版社，2011参考教材：《英语国家概况学习手册》，王恩铭主编，上海外语教育出版社，2012《英语国家概况》，谢福之著，外语教学与研究出版社，2007《英语国家概况》，余志远主编，外语教学与研究出版社，2005《英语国家社会与文化入门》，朱永涛、王立礼主编，高等教育出版社，2011《英国历史重大事件及著名人物》（英汉对照），郝澎编著，海南出版社，2007《美国历史重大事件及著名人物》（英汉对照），郝澎编著，海南出版社，2007 先修课程：《基础英语(1-3)》二、课程简介英语国家概况是一门专业知识性课程，其目的通过向英语专业的学生介绍一些主要英语国的地理、历史、政治、经济以及文化风俗等方面的内容，提高其对英语主要国家的社会和人文等方面的认识，培养学生的跨文化交际能力，同时也可以促进加强学生的语言学习。
本课程的开设有助于拓宽学生的人文知识面和国际视野，全面提高学生的素质。
同时本课程也为相当一部分英语专业的学生毕业后从事涉外工作或跨文化交际工作打下必要的理论基础。
三、选课建议本课程为英语本科专业必修课，适合对二年级第二学期学生开设；要求学生具有较扎实的语言基本功（4000左右的英语词汇量、较好的英语阅读理解能力）。
四、课程基本要求通过本课程的学习，学生应当对于世界主要英语国家在地理概况、气候特征、行政区划、历史由来、民族构成、社会变迁、政治制度、教育、宗教、文化等几个方面有初步的了解，并具备就相应主题用英语进行基本交流的语言能力。
五、课程内容第一部分大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国（英国）第一章理解国家名称；知道地理位置和面积、地形；知道河流和湖泊、海岸线、气候；知道自然资源。
英语国家概况第二章知识点
Chapter 2 The Origins of a Nation∙第01讲Early Settlers & Roman Britain & The Anglo-SaxonsI. Early Settlers （5000 BC—55 BC）Britain was originally a part of the European continent. When the last Ice Age ended 7,000 years ago, melting ice flooded the low-lying lands, creatingthe English Channel and the North Sea, and turning Britain into an island.【译文】早期居民（公元前5000年—公元前55年）不列颠原是欧洲大陆的一部分。
7000年前的冰川时代结束时，融冰淹没了低地，形成了英吉利海峡和北海，不列颠变成了岛屿。
∙1） Iberians （伊比利亚人）（the first known settlers）① At about 3000 BC, these short, dark and long-headed people came to Britain,probably from the Iberian Peninsula, now Spain.② They were farming folk who kept animals and grew crops.【译文】1）伊比利亚人（所知道的最早的英国居民）①大约在公元前3000年的新石器时代，这些身材矮小、黑皮肤、长脸庞的人来到英国，他们很可能来自伊比利亚半岛，即现在的西班牙。
②作为农民他们饲养动物、种植庄稼。
∙2） The Beaker Folk （宽口陶器人）① At about 2000 BC the Beaker Folk arrived from the areas now knownas Holland and the Rhineland.② These people took their name from their distinctive bell-shaped drinkingvessels with which they were buried in crouching positions in individual graves.③ They brought with them the art of pottery making, the ability to fashionbronze tools and the custom of individual burial.【译文】2）宽口陶器人①大约公元前2000年，宽口陶器人从现在的荷兰和莱茵兰地区来到这里。
英语国家概况Chapter2 The People
Whan that Aprill, with his shoures soote The droghte of March hath perced to the
roote And bathed every veyne in swich licour, Of which vertu engendred is the flour;
Changes in grammar
By the close of the Middle English period, English replaced both French and Latin as the written language of the people.
The Canterbury Tales坎特伯雷故事集
English, Gaelic
English, 1/5 Welsh English, Gaelic
The English Language Three stages P10
1. Old English (450-1150)古英语 2. Middle English (1150-1450)中古英语 3. Modern English (1450-present) 现代英语
Who were they?
The Angles, Saxons, and Jutes朱特人
When did they come? 5th and 6th centuries
Where were they from? Denmark, Holland, Belgium and Luxemburg
The Celts were either assimilated by the Anglo-Saxons or driven into the mountains in Scotland, Wales, and Ireland.
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英语国家概况
Introduction to the English-Speaking Countries
一、基本信息
课程代码：
课程学分：2
面向专业：英语
课程性质：专业基础必修课
课程类型：理论教学课
开课院系：外国语学院英语系
使用教材：主教材：《英语国家概况》（修订第二版），温洪瑞主编，首都经济贸易大学出版社，2011
参考教材：《英语国家概况学习手册》，王恩铭主编，上海外语教育出版社，2012
《英语国家概况》，谢福之著，外语教学与研究出版社，2007
《英语国家概况》，余志远主编，外语教学与研究出版社，2005
《英语国家社会与文化入门》，朱永涛、王立礼主编，高等教育出版社，2011
《英国历史重大事件及著名人物》（英汉对照），郝澎编著，海南出版社，2007
《美国历史重大事件及著名人物》（英汉对照），郝澎编著，海南出版社，2007
先修课程：《基础英语(1-3)》
二、课程简介
英语国家概况是一门专业知识性课程，其目的通过向英语专业的学生介绍一些主要英语国的地理、历史、政治、经济以及文化风俗等方面的内容，提高其对英语主要国家的社会和人文等方面的认识，培养学生的跨文化交际能力，同时也可以促进加强学生的语言学习。
本课程的开设有助于拓宽学生的人文知识面和国际视野，全面提高学生的素质。
同时本课程也为相当一部分英语专业的学生毕业后从事涉外工作或跨文化交际工作打下必要的理论基础。
三、选课建议
本课程为英语本科专业必修课，适合对二年级第二学期学生开设；要求学生具有较扎实的语言基本功（4000左右的英语词汇量、较好的英语阅读理解能力）。
四、课程基本要求
通过本课程的学习，学生应当对于世界主要英语国家在地理概况、气候特征、行政区划、历史由来、民族构成、社会变迁、政治制度、教育、宗教、文化等几个方面有初步的了解，并具备就相应主题用英语进行基本交流的语言能力。
五、课程内容
第一部分大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国（英国）
第一章理解国家名称；知道地理位置和面积、地形；知道河流和湖泊、海岸线、气候；知道自然资源。
第二章知道人口和人口密度、人口分布、民族和语言；理解宗教；理解英国人的保守态度、民族差异、多样化；知道主要城市。
第三章理解英国经济的相对衰落；知道最近英国经济发展史；分析目前的英国经济。
第四章理解君主制；分析和评价议会；知道政府、地方政府。
第五章分析和评价政党政治；分析和评价大选；理解司法体制。
第六章知道最早的居民；知道罗马时期的不列颠；知道盎格鲁•撒克逊时期的不列颠；知道诺曼征服后的社会；知道约翰王和《大宪章》；评价议会的诞生。
第七章理解封建制度的衰落；评价资产阶级革命。
第八章理解工业革命；评价宪章运动；知道经济学的发展。
第九章理解大英帝国的形成；知道第一次世界大战和战后的英国；知道第二次世界大战中的英国；理解大英帝国的倒台；
知道两次世界大战后的英国；分析和评价中英关系。
第二部分美利坚合众国（美国）
第十章知道地理位置、面积和行政区；知道地理特征、河流、湖泊；知道气候；知道自然资源；知道主要城市。
第十一章理解“大熔炉”；知道人口与定居、语言、宗教；分析和评价美国社会。
第十二章理解垄断资本主义（帝国主义）；知道工业；知道农业；知道交通；知道外贸；分析美国海外经济利益。
第十三章理解宪法、总统；知道行政部门和机构；知道国会、总统与国会；知道联邦法院体制。
第十四章知道州政府、地方政府；知道政党、评价总统选举。
第十五章知道美洲印第安人；知道新大陆的发现；知道北美的殖民活动；知道13块英国殖民地。
第十六章理解走向独立；理解为独立而战；评价制宪会议。
第十七章理解内战的背景；知道内战；评价内战的意义。
第十八章理解美帝国主义的形成；知道第一次世界大战和战后的美国；知道第二次世界大战中的美国；知道第二次世界大战后的美国；分析和评价中美关系。
第三部分加拿大
第十九章知道国家名称、面积与位置；知道人口与人口中心；知道地形区域、湖泊与河流；知道地理区域；知道气候；
知道语言；知道主要城市。
第二十章知道欧洲人的发现、早期的殖民；知道英国统治时期的加拿大；知道自治政府与加拿大联盟；知道加拿大民族。
第二十一章知道自然资源；知道农业、加工业；知道今日经济。
第二十二章理解政府体制；知道政党；理解魁北克省的独立问题。
第四部分澳大利亚
第二十三章知道位置与面积；知道行政区域；知道地理结构；知道气候；知道植物和动物；知道人口、人口密度与分布；
知道宗教；知道澳大利亚的人造环境。
第二十四章理解澳大利亚走向联邦；知道殖民时期的澳大利亚；知道联邦后的澳大利亚。
第二十五章知道农业；知道加工业；知道矿产和能源工业；知道服务业；知道贸易；理解澳大利亚经济中的问题。
第二十六章知道宪法；知道议会；知道政党；知道司法体制。
第五部分新西兰
第二十七章知道国土；知道居民。
第二十八章经济总体介绍；知道基础工业；知道第二产业；知道第三产业。
第二十九章知道发现新西兰；知道新西兰的殖民进程；知道20世纪的新西兰。
第三十章知道新西兰宪法、议会和政府；知道司法体系和政党制度。
六、课内训练基本要求
在每部分课本内容讲解之前，要求学生分组查阅相关资料，做比较深入细致的探索分析，并借助幻灯片（提纲、图片等）用英语向全班作口头汇报。
同时，要求学生完成课后练习，以备课内训练时教师提问。
七、教学进度。