毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译

南京理工大学紫金学院毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译系：机械工程系专业：机械工程及自动化姓名：徐华俊学号：100104348外文出处：WASTE FOOD DISPOSAL SYSTEM(3)(用外文写)附件：1.外文资料翻译译文；2.外文原文。

指导教师评语：该生翻译了一篇有关《废弃食物处理系统》的论文，论文内容跟课题的研究领域相关，在将来的课题设计中可以借鉴。

译文语句基本通顺，专业术语正确，标点符号运用无误。

说明该生具备一定的英语水平和翻译能力。

但文中仍有部分语句组织得不够完善，可以进一步修改。

签名：年月日注：请将该封面与附件装订成册。

附件1：外文资料翻译译文垃圾食物处理系统（3）打开功率继电器32的驱动，关闭与其相连的常闭开关118，从而消除了在此之前被施加到定时器单元40的控制终端146的触发信号，并且需要注意的是，功率继电器30的电源开关108供应了一个类似的功能，如本文所述的，启动系统10每天第一次激活功率继电器30的时候，这个功能中断了定时器单元40的控制终端146，即先前追踪的触发信号电路，如本文所述。

进一步，在与功率继电器32相连的开关被关闭的时候，它的驱动被触发的结果是非常明显的，断开常开继电器开关119，为高流量水阀22的电磁阀80建立了一个到地面的备用路径，也就是可以追踪到电源线200；通过导线202；电磁阀80；导线204；导线416和现在被断开的功率继电器32的闭合开关119到地面，如此一来就能明显并且很方便的注意到，与功率继电器30相连的开关109执行同样的功能，通过一个完全可追踪的功率继电器30，而不是功率继电器32，使功率继电器30处于启动状态，所以在任何时期，控制单元12的电动机46可在任意一个方向操作（这取决于功率继电器30或功率继电器32处于激活状态），电磁阀80也将保持通电，来保持高流量水阀22在该段时期内处于闭合状态，这样的话，水流将会在需要大幅率的时候流通，通过管道76和78流到控制单元12，这个控制单元12的机构52正积极粉碎积累废料，并且已经积累或正在采用，接着顺着水流冲到下水道或者通过类似单元12的出口58.你将会很方便的观察到电磁阀74保持通电，并且在控制单元12积极运作期间，低流量水阀20也保持闭合，并且应当在任何特定安装情况下，把阀22的流通能力考虑在内。

另外，主继电器28和通电导线400驱动使功能上效果显著，指标38将保持通电，让循环操作系统10继续工作，同时电磁阀74通电，来维持整个系统10的正常循环操作，这样做是为了把低流量水阀20打开，保持水持续的“涓流”来流到管道76，并通过管道78到控制单元12，有时候甚至是可行的，在一段定时的间隔时期内，自动激活的电动机46和52用于润滑和冷却机制,保证在这段时期至少存在水和持续引进的废料。

上面所述的驱动和“锁定”主继电器28，还有产生的影响几乎都发生在瞬间闭合开关组件16的常开开关70，并涉及后者的正常按压致动的时间。

接下来功能显著的就是启动开关组件16的手动压力释放，也就是导致最初开关70的重开和开关72的重关（早期的开关68仍然保持关闭）。

这种重开开关70还没有快速明显的影响，因为在电源线300和400之间的“保持电路路径”，使得他们的电源线200扩展的建立，并且重启开关70只中断一个冗余路径。

但是重关的开关72，有两个显著的后果。

首先，虽然在控制继电器36的线圈36还不能通电，因为缺乏相对的接地连接，直到定时器单元44的开关路径166闭合，部分从电源延伸线400的激励电路的通电线圈126已经完成，通过重新闭合开关72；电源线500；主继电器28的常闭继电器开关98和在线圈另一边连接的电源线502，这是准备用于通电的，只要其另一侧设置有与地的一侧连接。

其次，开关72的合闸规定，作为部分电路延伸的分支只是跟踪，通过引线504；控制继电器36的双掷继电器开关130的极点和常闭触点；导线506和导线（或内部连接）508给定时器单元42的控制终端162,来将一个触发信号传送给后者。

这样的触发信号，在定时器42的控制终端162的应用，使定时器单元42的交换路径148立即打开，通过定时和控制装置160的控制，标志这周期的开始，即定时器单元42将允许处理器单元12的电机46和高流量水阀22在通电的情况下工作。

注意，交换路径148的闭合阻止了控制继电器34的工作线圈122通电，它必须保持在非驱动状态，为了电机46和水阀22对当前操作期限的延续（凭借后者的依赖，在继续维护之前，通过控制继电器34的继电器开关124，关闭了追踪激励电路的功率继电器32，只有当控制继电器34未制动时才能执行。

）来自手动开关装置16手动操作压力的释放，使之前与其相连的开关68重新打开，它的主要作用是简要的关闭在此之前应用到导线302的通电，和去除在启动开关装置16制动期间的反向开关26的操作线圈92，从而准备好在系统10的正常自动操作期间，保证反向开关26和线圈92为下一次通电和操作，会在如下文中解释。

同时，手动开关装置16的制动，使得第一阶段的自动控制和系统10的循环操作，也就是电动机46和控制单元12的机构52在一个相对的方向操作，来制动电源继电器32，高流量水阀22在操作电磁阀80中持续打开，并且启动定时器42的定时周期。

与定时器单元42相连的电阻154的设置值在最后确定的时间段内（例如五分钟），定时和控制装置160会自动关闭定时器单元52的交换路径148，终止系统10在第一个有效运作阶段的自动循环操作，定时启动，不活动，这种资源节约型的循环方式将会在下段说明。

定时器单元42的交换路径148的重合闸完成一个电路，该电路用于控制继电器34的工作线圈122的通电，以便激活后者，可追踪到电源延长线400，通过启动开关装置16的闭合开关72；导线500；关闭着的主继电器28的继电器开关98，导线502；导线504；控制继电器36的继电器开关130的闭触点；导线506；定时器单元42的重合闸交换路径148；导线600到控制继电器34的相反操作接地线圈122。

控制继电器34的致动改变了与它相连的开关124和126的状态.从而改变了状态的控制继电器34的继电器开关124有两种影响。

首先，先前追踪的电路通过开关124的激励功率继电器32的操作线圈110被中断，（或电源继电器30的操作线圈100，视情况而定），导致断电和停止运作。

非制动，例如，电源继电器32让它主要的功率处理继电器开关112，114，116重新打开，从而解除了电动机46和控制单元12，并且重新打开继电器开关119，然后接着断开电磁阀80，关闭高流量水阀22。

这些行动将控制单元12处于非活动，资源节约状况，在电动机45下一个主动操作的周期，废物材料可积聚到容器45进行处理。

然后，改变控制继电器34的继电器开关124状态，来建立了一个路径，该路径使换向开关62的工作线圈92通电，来驱动后者移动至极点86与另一个接触点88（或者接触点90，视情况而定），该电路可从电源延长线400追踪到，通过该驱动继电器开关124和导线302到开关26的相对接地的操作线圈92.控制继电器34的继电器开关126的致动建立了一个电路，该电路被施加一个触发信号到定时器单元44的控制终端178，该电路可从电源延长线400追踪到，通过启动开关装置16的闭合开关72；导线500；主继电器28的闭合继电器开关98；导线502；控制继电器34的闭合继电器开关126；和导线700到定时器单元44的控制终端178。

这种应用到控制终端178的触发信号使得定时器单元44的时间控制装置176立马关闭开关路径166，时间间隔的长度（例如十分钟）由电阻164的设定值决定。

计时器单元44的交换路径166的重合闸完成一个到地面的电路路径，为了控制继电器36的工作线圈36反向的通过导线502使其通电，先前的电路在这方面被追踪，导致了控制继电器36的非制动，改变了与它相连的继电器开关128和130的反转状态。

附件2：外文原文（复印件）WASTE FOOD DISPOSAL SYSTEM(3)Actuation of the power relay32opens the associated,normally closed switch118,thereby removing the triggering signal that had earlier been applied to the control terminal146of the timer unit40,and it will be noted that the switch108of the power relay30serves a similar function of interrupting the previously traced triggering signal circuit to the control terminal146of the timer unit40when the power relay30is activated first upon daily start-up of the system10as herein described.A further,very significant result of the actuation of the power relay 32occurs from the closing of its associated,normally open relay switch 119.The closing of the switch119establishes an alternate path to ground for the solenoid80of the high flow rate water valve22,which is traceable from the power lead200,through lead202,the solenoid80,lead204,lead 416and the now closed switch119of the power relay32to ground.As will be apparent and may now conveniently also be noted,the switch109associated with the power relay30performs the same function through an otherwise identically traceable circuit when the power relay30,rather than the power relay32,is in actuated condition.Thus,during any periods that the motor 46of the disposer unit12is being operated in either direction(depending upon which of the power relays30or32is actuated at the time),the solenoid 80will also be and remain energized to maintain the high flow rate water valve22open during such period,so that water will be flowing at the needed substantial rate through the piping76and78to the disposer unit12whose mechanism52is then actively engaged in comminuting accumulated waste materials that have accumulated or are being introduced and which will then be flushed by such flow of water to a sewer or the like via the outlet58 of the unit12.It will be observed that it is convenient to permit thesolenoid74to remain energized and the low flow rate water valve20to also remain open during such periods of active operation of the disposer unit 12,and this should be taken into account in selecting the flow capacity for the valve22in any particular installation.Other,also functionally significant consequences of actuation of the master relay28and energization of lead400are that the indicator38will remain energized to advise that cycled operation of the system10has been initiated or is continuing,and that the solenoid74will be energized and so maintained throughout normal cycled operation of the system10to hold the low flow rate water valve20open to permit a continuing"trickle"flow of water from the supply piping76and through the piping78to the disposer unit12,which is desirable even during intervals between periods of timed automatic activation of the motor46and the mechanism52for lubricating and cooling purposes and to assure the presence of at least some water in connection with the continued introduction of waste materials during such intervals.The above-described actuation and"locking in"of the master relay28and the mentioned resulting effects occur almost instantaneously upon closing of the normally open switch70of the start switch assembly16and during the time involved in normal pressing actuation of the latter.The next functionally significant event will be the release of manual actuating pressure from the start switch assembly16,which initially results in the reopening of switch70and the reclosing of switch72(the early make switch 68momentarily still remaining closed).Such reopening of switch70has no immediately significant effect,since the"holding circuit"path between leads300and400rendering them extensions of the power lead200has already been established,and the reopening of the switch70merely interrupts what has become a redundant path there between.Reclosing of the switch72, however,has two significant consequences.First,although the coil126of the control relay36cannot yet be energized for lack of an opposite groundingconnection until the switched path166of the timer unit44is closed,a partial energizing circuit for the coil126is completed from the power extension lead400,through reclosed switch72,lead500,closed relay switch 98of the master relay28and lead502connected with one side of the coil 126,which is thereby readied for energization as soon as its other side is provided with a connection to ground.Secondly,reclosing of the switch 72establishes,as an extending branch of the partial circuit just traced, a connection via lead504,the pole and normally closed contact of the double throw relay switch130of the control relay36,lead506and lead(or internal connection)508to the control terminal162of the timer unit42,thereby applying a triggering signal to the latter.Application of such triggering signal to the control terminal162of the timer unit42results in immediate opening of the switched path148of the timer unit42by the timing and control means160thereof,and marks the commencement of the period during which the timer unit42will permit the motor46of the disposer unit12and the high flow rate water valve22to operate during the then current energization thereof.Note that opening of switched path148prevents energization of the operating coil122of the control relay34,which must remain in its unactuated condition for continuance of the desired period of current operation of the motor46and water valve22(by virtue of the dependence of the latter upon continued maintenance of the previously traced energizing circuit for the power relay32passing through contacts of the relay switch 124of the control relay34that are closed only when the control relay34 is unactuated).The final effect of release of manual operating pressure from the start switch assembly16will be the reopening of its associated early make switch 68,the primary effect of which will be to remove the energization theretofore briefly applied to lead302and the operating coil92of the reversing switch26during actuation of the start switch assembly16,thereby readying the reversing switch26and its coil92for the next energizationand operation thereof during a subsequent phase of the normal automatic operating cycle of the system10,as hereinafter explained.Meanwhile,actuation of the start switch assembly16has resulted in initiation of the first phase of automatically controlled and cycled operation of the system10in which the motor46and mechanism52of the disposer unit12are being operated in a direction corresponding to actuation of the power relay32,the high flow rate water valve22is being maintained open by its operating solenoid80,and the timing cycle of the timer unit 42has been started.At the end of the time period determined by the setting or value of the resistance154associated with the timer unit42(say,5 minutes),the timing and control means160of the latter will automatically reclose the switched path148of the timer unit52,which terminates the first active operation phase of the automatic operating cycle of the system 10and initiates a timed,inactive,resource conserving phase of such cycle in the manner next described.Reclosing of the switched path148of the timer unit42completes a circuit for energizing the operating coil122of the control relay34to actuate the latter,which is traceable from the power extension lead400,through the now reclosed switch72of the start switch assembly16,lead500,closed relay switch98of the master relay28,lead502,lead504,the still closed contacts of relay switch130of the control relay36,lead506,the now reclosed switched path148of the timer unit42,and lead600to the oppositely grounded operating coil122of the control relay34.Actuation of the control relay34changes the state of each of its associated relay switches124and126.Thus changing the state of the relay switch124of the control relay34 has two effects.First,the previously traced circuit through such switch 124for energizing the operating coil110of the power relay32(or the operating coil100of the power relay30,as the case may be)is interrupted, resulting in deenergization and deactuation thereof.Deactuation of,forinstance,the power relay32results in reopening of its main power handling relay switches112,114and116,thereby deenergizing the motor46of the disposer unit12,and in reopening of its relay switch119,thereby deenergizing the solenoid80and closing the high flow rate water valve22. These actions place the disposer unit12in its inactive,resource conserving condition,during which waste materials may accumulate in the receptacle 54for processing during the next period of active operation of the motor 45.Secondly,changing the state of the relay switch124of the control relay 34establishes a path for energizing the operating coil92of the reversing switch62to actuate the latter to move its pole86into contact with the other contact88(or90,as the case may be)thereof,which circuit is traceable from the power extension lead400through the actuated relay switch 124and the lead302to the oppositely grounded operating coil92of the switch26.Actuation of the relay switch126of the control relay34establishes a circuit for applying a triggering signal to the control terminal178of the timer unit44,which is traceable from the power extension lead400,through the closed switch72of the start switch assembly16,lead500,closed relay switch98of the master relay28,lead502,the now closed relay switch126 of the control relay34,and lead700to the control terminal178of the timer unit44.Such triggering signal applied to the controt terminal178 causes the timing and control means176of the timer unit44to immediately close the switched path166thereof and to commence the timing of an interval of length(say,10minutes)determined by the setting or value of the associated resistance164.The closing of the switched path166of the timer unit44completes a circuit path to ground for the operating coil126of the control relay36, which is being oppositely energized via lead502and the circuit previously traced in that regard,which results in deactuation of the control relay 36and a reversal of state of its associated relay switches128and130.。