从高考题谈动名词作主语和宾语
英语总结:高考复习之动名词用法小结

英语总结:高考复习之动名词用法小结动名词可以跟动词一样,拥有自己的宾语或者状语,也可以像名词那样,在句子中作主语、宾语等成分。
动名词的构成方式:v.+ -ing。
一、动名词的句法功能动名词在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语和同位语。
1.作主语用来表示一般性或经常性的意义,有时可与不定式互换。
如:Swimming with dolphins is one of the world s most profitable tourist activities.注意:单个的动名词或动名词短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
例1 (2011年高考新课标卷)Planning so far ahead no sense-so many things will have changed by next year.A. madeB. is makingC. makesD. has made解析:答案为C。
动名词(planning so far ahead)在句中作主语。
句意为:计划这么超前没有意义,到明年好多情况会发生变化的。
破折号前说的是现在的客观情况,应该用一般现在时,因此正确答案为C。
动名词短语作主语时,为了避免句子头重脚轻,保持句子平衡,习惯将动名词短语放在句尾,而用it作形式主语。
这样,句子结构一目了然,便于读者理解。
如:It s no good spending too much time chatting or playing online games.用于这种形式的表语常是一些特定的形容词或名词,如useful,good,nice,no use,no good,fun等。
2.作宾语动名词既可作动词的宾语,也可作介词的宾语。
如:He loved experimenting and his aim was to become a scientist like his father.The manager said he was looking forward to seeing all the newly-made plans carried out in time.注意:句中若出现宾语补足语时,常用it作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语后置。
动名词作主语和宾语

【考例】
1. I can't imagine __________ that with them.
A. do
B. to do
C. being done D. doing
2. She looks forward every spring to __________ the flower-lined garden.(1995 上海高考题)
• 归纳:常用-ing形式作主语的句型有: • It +be +a waste of time doing • 做……是浪费时间的 • It is/was no good/use doing • 做……是没益/用处的 • It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing • 做……不值得 • It is/was worth/worthwhile doing • 做……是值得的 • There is no doing • 无法…… , 不允许……
13. You must pay attention to ___ the
works of Lu Xun.
A. read
B. reading
C. reader D. be read
14. You should work tonight instead of
_____ TV.
A. to watch B. you watching
A. study
B. be studied
C. studying
D. have studied
12. We are both looking forward to __ next week. A. going on vocation(休假) B. go on vocation C. be going on vocation D. have gone on vocation
动词不定式和动名词作主语和宾语的用法

动词不定式和动名词作主语和宾语的用法1. 引言1.1 动词不定式和动名词作主语和宾语的概述动词不定式和动名词作主语和宾语是语法中常见的现象,它们在句子中起着重要的作用。
动词不定式是不带人称和数的动词原形,通常由“to”引导,如“to study”;而动名词则是动词+ing形式,如“studying”。
动词不定式和动名词作主语时,常常表示一种抽象的概念或一个具体动作。
例如:“To travel is my dream.”(旅行是我的梦想)和“Studying is important for success.”(学习对成功很重要)。
动词不定式和动名词的选择取决于句子的结构和上下文的需要。
在一些情况下,动词不定式更适合表达某种意义,而在另一些情况下,动名词更为合适。
在使用时需要根据具体情况进行判断和选择。
动词不定式和动名词作主语和宾语在句子中有着各自不同的用法和表达方式,灵活运用可以使句子更加生动丰富。
2. 正文2.1 动词不定式作主语的用法动词不定式作主语是句子中的主语部分被一个动词不定式所替代。
动词不定式作主语的用法可以通过以下几点进行说明:1. 表示一种行为或动作的意图或目的。
例如:"学习是成功的关键。
"2. 表示一种抽象的概念或观念。
例如:"帮助他人是一种美德。
"3. 在句子中作为主语时,通常放在句首位置。
例如:"抽烟会影响健康。
"4. 动词不定式作主语时,动词不定式通常是不带to的形式。
例如:"去旅行是我的梦想。
"5. 在某些情况下,动词不定式作主语时可以使用to的形式。
例如:"To learn a new language is challenging."动词不定式作主语可以使句子更加简洁明了,同时也可以突出所表达的意思或观点。
在写作中,我们可以适当运用动词不定式作主语来丰富句子结构,提高文章的表达力和逻辑性。
2011届高考英语动名词语法复习

2011届高考英语动名词语法复习高中英语语法之动名词定义:动名词是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词。
它可以支配宾语,也能被副词修饰。
动名词有时态和语态的变化。
解释:动词的ing形式如果是名词,这个词称动名词。
特征:动词原形+ing构成,具有名词,动词一些特征一、动名词的作用动名词具有名词的性质,因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。
1、作主语Reading is an art 读书是一种艺术。
libing untains is reall fun 爬真是有趣ring in these nditins is nt a pleasure but a suffer 在这种工作条下工作不是一愉快的事而是一痛苦的事。
动名词作主语,有时先用it作形式主语,把动名词置于句末。
这种用法在习惯句型中常用。
如:It is n use/n gd ring ver spilt il 覆水难收It is a aste f tie persuading suh a persn t in us 劝说这样的人加入真是浪费时间。
It as hard getting n the rded street ar 上这种拥挤的车真难。
It is fun plaing ith hildren 和孩子们一起玩真好。
There is n ing abut suh atters 对这种事情不是开玩笑。
动名词作主语的几种类型动名词可以在句子中充当名词所能充当的多种句子成分。
在这里仅就动名词在句子中作主语的情况进行讨论。
动名词作主语有如下几种常见情况:1 直接位于句首做主语。
例如:Siing is a gd sprt in suer2 用it 作形式主语,把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。
动名词做主语时,不太常用it 作先行主语,多见于某些形容词及名词之后。
例如:It is n use telling hi nt t rr常见的能用于这种结构的形容词还有:better,nderful,enable,interesting,flish,diffiult,useless,senseless,rthhile,等。
动名词作主语和宾语12

The door needs/wants/requires _______(repair) _________ 类似的还有:deserve (值得;应当) He deserves ___________ (praise) 3. 动名词的复合结构 复合结构 1)含义:动名词前面有自己独立的逻辑主语, )含义: 这便构成了动名词的复合结构。 2)构成:物主代词 / 名词所有格 + 动名词 )构成:物主代词 3)性质与作用:动名词的复合结构在意义上 )性质与作用: 相当于一个句子,但实际上是一个名词结构, 故在句中作主语、宾语或表语。
3) 作表语 What’s most important is Tom’s going there at once. 最为重要的是汤姆要立即去那里。 The problem is their not having enough money. 问题是他们没有足够的钱。 注意: 若动名词的复合结构作宾语,其中的物 : 主代词可由人称代词的宾格形式代替;名词 所有格可由名词普通格代替。但作主语时不 可这样代替。Do you mind my/me smoking? I insist on Mary’s/Mary going there. Mary’s(不可用Mary) being ill made her mother worried.
具体用法如下: 1)某些动词(短语)只能用动名词作宾语, 不能用不定式。常见的类似动词(短语)有: finish(完成), enjoy(享受), practise(练习), keep(保持),mind(介意),miss(错过), imagine(想象), advise/suggest(建议), admit(承认), avoid(避免), risk(冒险), escape(逃避),allow/permit(允许), dislike appreciate(感激), understand(理解), delay/postpone(延期),mention(提及), deny(否认), quit(停止),excuse/pardon (原谅) resist(抵抗),forbid(禁止) feel like(想要)
从高考题谈动名词作主语和宾语

从高考题谈动名词作主语和宾语1.动名词作主语例:1.-What do you think made Mary so upset?-___ her new bicycle.(1997上海)A. As she lost B.LostC.Losing D.Because of losing解析:答案C。
Losing在此为动名词,与her new bicycle构成动名词短语在句中作主语。
该题可以理解为:Losing hernew bicycle made Mary so upset.1.在下面的句型中,it是形式主语,v-ing形式作真正的主语。
1) It’s no use/good+v-ing.如:It’s no good smoking, you’d better give it up.It’s no use arguing with him.2)It’s a waste of time / so nice/ foolish interesting / doing sth.It’s a waste of time waiting here.在这里等是浪费时间。
It‘s so nice talking to you.很高兴和你谈话。
2.v-ing形式作主语,谓语动词用单数。
Learning new words is very useful to me.Writing headlines in English is not an easy job.动名词作宾语1)有些动词后只接动名词作宾语。
这类动词常见的有:admit,advise,finish, avoid,escape, delay,consider,dislike, mind, suggest,enjoy,miss ,practise,imagine,appreciate(感激),risk(冒险)等等。
2.Our monitor suggested _____a discussion of this subject. (85’)A.to have B.should haveC.have D.HavingKey: D2)有些动词和动词词组既可接不定式也可接动名词作宾语,但意思不同。
[整理版]从高考题谈动名词作主语和宾语
1.动名词作主语从高考题谈动名词作主语和宾语从高考题谈动名词作主语和宾语1.动名词作主语例:1.-What doyouthi nkmadeMarysoupset?- _her newbi cyl e.(19上97海)A. Ashel ost.LosBtC.Losing.DBecauseof losi ng解析:答案C。Losi ng在此为动名词,与hernewbicycle涝框吻枕阂乖恒咖牌樱膨尊虾宰罗邮蹄跌挥行洽汰闷侯溺回标诱葡诚穆聚呻颜扑晓桥烈凋颗皑层窘盔沿侩陆胺湿你沏骇旨综玖泪斥蒙嫁嚎况忘除偶
例:1.-What
do
you think
made
Mary so
ups et ?从高考题谈动名词作主语和宾语从高考题谈动名词作主语和宾语1.动名词作主语例:1.-Whatdoyout hinkmadeMar ysoupset?-__hernewbicycle.(197上海)A.Asshelost.LBost C.Losi ng.DBecauseoflosing解析:答案C。Losing在此为动名词,与her newbicycl e涝框吻枕阂乖恒咖牌樱膨尊虾宰罗邮蹄跌挥行洽汰闷侯溺回标诱葡诚穆聚呻颜扑晓桥烈凋颗皑层窘盔沿侩陆胺湿你沏骇旨综玖泪斥蒙嫁嚎况忘除偶
A.
As
she lost
B.Lost
从高考题谈动名词作主语和宾语从高考题谈动名词作主语和宾语1.动名词作主语例:1.-WhatdoyuthinkmadeMarysoups et?-__hernewbicycle.(197上海)A.As shelost.LBostC.Losi ng.DBecauseoflos ing解析:答案C。Losing在此为动名词,与hernewbicycl e涝框吻枕阂乖恒咖牌樱膨尊虾宰罗邮蹄跌挥行洽汰闷侯溺回标诱葡诚穆聚呻颜扑晓桥烈凋颗皑层窘盔沿侩陆胺湿你沏骇旨综玖泪斥蒙嫁嚎况忘除偶
高考英语复习:动名词的考点解析
高考英语复习:动名词的考点解析动名词是高考的一个考点,难点是和现在分词容易混淆。
,虽说高考中出现的次数不多,但我们也不能掉以轻心。
一般的动名词我们都了解,现在我们讲一下含有动名词的特殊句型。
动名词是英语动词的一种非谓语形式.有很多特殊句型和习惯用法.本文就其中一些常用句型作一介绍,以帮助同学们正确使用动名词。
1.worth +动名词= worthy of being done 做某事是值得的.Is this film worth seeing again?这部电影值得再看一次吗?Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well. 凡是值的做的,就值得好好去做.注意: 这个句型中的动名词总是用主动形式表示被动意义. 类似的句型还有:worth while +动名词(也可用动词不定式)=worth the time spent in doing itIt isn’t worth while doing (or: to do )that .做那件事不合算2.cannot help +动名词=be unable to refrain from doing ---不禁;忍不住;不得不He couldn’t help laughing when he heard the funny story.他听到这个滑稽故事时,忍不住大笑起来.注意: 类似的惯用句型还有: cannot stand /bear +动名词I can’t stand waiting any longer.再等下去我可受不了I won’t bear your talking to me like that.我不能忍受你跟我那样谈话.3.feel like+动名词 =be inclined to do ----想要Do you feel like taking a walk with me?跟我一起去散步怎么样?He doesn’t take care of his eats what he feels like eating.他不注意健康;想要吃什么就吃什么。
作主语和宾语的用法浅析及练习和答案-
动词不定式与动名词作主语和宾语的用法浅析一、作主语动词不定式和动名词都具有名词的特征,所以都可以在句中作主语。
1.不定式作主语(1)To do her homework often takes her one and a half hours every evening.(2)To do morning exercises every day is good for your health.(3)To learn English well is very easy for me.不定式(或不定式短语)作主语时常用"It" 来代替,称为形式主语,真正主语(不定式)放在句尾,如上面的句子可改为:(1)It often takes her one and a half hours to do her homework every evening.出现句型“It takes sb. time to do sth.”例如:①It will take the workers 3 years to build the building.②It took me only a few minutes to have breakfast.③How long did it take you to clean your room?(2)It is good for your health to do morning exercises every day.(3)It is very easy for me to learn English well.出现句型: “It is + 形+ for / of sb. to do sth.”例如:①It’s very difficult for me to walk on the ice.②It’s kind of you to help me.③It was quite important for you to say that to him at that time.当形容词表达人所具有特性时用of sb., 当形容词表达事物的特征时用for sb. 2.动名词作主语(1)Doing morning exercises is very good for your health.(2)Reading aloud is very important in learning English.(3)Getting up early is a good habit.二、作宾语1.有些动词或动词词组常用不定式作宾语,常见的有:agree , ask, choose, decide, hope, promise, want, wish, would like等;而有些动词或动词词组常用动名词作宾语,常见的有:enjoy, finish, keep, mind, miss, suggest, hate, be busy, look forward to等。
高一英语下学期期末考点专题讲解:专题10 重点语法复习 -- 动名词作主语和宾语 (原卷版)
专题10 重点语法复习(动名词作主语和宾语)养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。
总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候,学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心,考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”,遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后,考生越要回归基础,单词最好再梳理一遍,这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
动名词1. 基础知识动名词是非谓语动词的一种形式。
它既有动词的特征,又有名词的特征,故称动名词。
动名词也有时态和语态的变化,如表所示(以及物动词write为例),不及物动词没有语态的变化。
动词ing形式作主语通常表示抽象的或习惯性的动作。
也可用t作形式主语,动词-ing形式作真正的主语放在句末。
下列句型中常用动词-ing形式作主语:1. It is/was a waste (of...)/no use/no good doing sth.2. There is/was no sense/no point...(in) doing sth.It is no good coming before that.在那之前来没有用。
There is no sense(in)worrying about it now.现在大可不必为那件事忧虑。
特别注意:名师点津区分动词不定式及动词-ing形式作主语(1)动词-ing形式多表示一般的、抽象的、泛指的概念或一个已经完成了的动作,而不定式则表示具体的某一次行为或将来的动作,不过有时二者之间区别很小。
To look after these naughty boys is really difficult.照看这些淘气的男孩真是难。
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从高考题谈动名词作主语和宾语1.动名词作主语例:1.-What do you think made Mary so upset?-___ her new bicycle.(1997上海)A. As she lost B.Lost C.Losing D.Because of losing解析:答案C。
Losing在此为动名词,与her new bicycle构成动名词短语在句中作主语。
该题可以理解为:Losing her new bicycle made Mary so upset.1.在下面的句型中,it是形式主语,v-ing形式作真正的主语。
1)It’s no use/good+v-ing.如:It’s no good smoking, you’d better give it up.It’s no use arguing with him.2)It’s a waste of time / so nice/ foolish interesting / doing sth.It’s a waste of time waiting here.在这里等是浪费时间。
It‘s so nice talking to you.很高兴和你谈话。
2. v-ing形式作主语,谓语动词用单数。
Learning new words is very useful to me.Writing headlines in English is not an easy job.动名词作宾语1)有些动词后只接动名词作宾语。
这类动词常见的有:admit,advise,finish, avoid,escape, delay,consider, dislike, mind, suggest,enjoy,miss , practise,imagine,appreciate(感激),risk(冒险)等等。
2.Our monitor suggested _____a discussion of this subject. (85’)A.to have B.should have C.have D.HavingKey: D2)有些动词和动词词组既可接不定式也可接动名词作宾语,但意思不同。
这类动词及动词词组常见的有:stop,forget,remember,try,mean,go on,regret, can’t help 等等。
1)go on to do 接着做(另一件事)go on doing 继续做(同一件事)2)stop to do 停下来去做;stop doing 停止做3)remember to do 记住要做;remember doing 记得曾做过4)can’t help to do 不能帮助做;can’t help doing 情不自禁地做4)forget to do 忘记要做;forget doing 忘了曾经做过5)regret to do 很遗憾/抱歉地去做;regret doing 后悔做了6)try to do 努力做;try doing 试着做7)mean to do 打算做;mean doing 意味着做3.—You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.-Well,now I regret ___that.(95’)A.to do B.to be doing C.to have done D.having done解析:答案D。
本句意为:我现在后悔在会上提出了反对意见。
表示对已经发生的事情“后悔”应用regret doing /having done3.—You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.-Well,now I regret ___that.(95’)A.to do B.to be doing C.to have done D.having done解析:答案D。
本句意为:我现在后悔在会上提出了反对意见。
表示对已经发生的事情“后悔”应用regret doing /having done3)动名词充当介词的宾语,常用在含有某些介词构成的短语动词之后,这类常见的短语动词有:insist on, think of, feel like (cf. would like to do sth.),set about(cf. set out to do sth.),be fond of,look forward to ,pay attention to,get used to,give up , devote...to,put off ,succeed in, have difficulty in, get down to(开始着手做) 等等。
例:She looks forward every spring to __the flower-lined garden.(1995上海)A.visit B.paying a visit C.walk in D.walking in解析:答案D。
look forward to doing sth.是固定用法,故排除A、C项。
B项在visit后加to才正确,所以应排除。
Cf. The letter that I was looking forward to ___ at last.A. comingB. cameC. comeD. being comeKey: B The letter came at last. (that I was looking forward to 是定语从句)4)动名词在need,want,require,be worth后接宾语,常以主动形式来表示被动意义.cf. be worthy of being done/ to be doneThis book is worthy of being read / to be read. 这本书值得一读。
need/ want/ require doing sth / to be done (需要做…)eg. My bike needs repairing / to be repaired.5)permit, allow, forbid, require(要求)doing sth./ sb to do sth.跟人作宾语后,必须用不定式作补语。
例如:This room won’t allow smoking.在这间屋里不准吸烟。
We do not allow anybody to smoke here.这里不许吸烟。
例:—What do you think of the book?-Oh,excellent.It's worth ___a second time.A.to read B.to be read C.reading D.being readKey: C6)有些动词后可跟不定式和v-ing形式作宾语,意义差别不大。
1)在like, love, hate, prefer等动词后,v-ing形式表示经常性、概括性的动作,不定式表示具体的、特定的某一次动作。
如:She likes singing, but she doesn’t like to sing today.7)在begin, start, continue后跟v-ing形式和不定式作宾语没有区别,但start,begin本身为进行式或后接realize, wonder, understand等心理活动的词时,常用不定式作宾语。
如:I began to realize that I was wrong.3.动名词的时态和语态动名词有一般式和完成式。
它的一般式所表示的动作或是与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生,或是在句中谓语动词动作之后发生;而它的完成式所表示的动作则一般发生在句中谓语动词动作之前。
例1:While shopping,people sometimes can't help ____ into buying something they don't really need.(1996上海)A.to persuade B.persuading C.being persuaded D.be persuaded解析:答案C。
根据句意,can't help是“情不自禁”的意思。
其后应接动名词作宾语。
在此句中,people与persuade之间是动宾关系,所以应用动名词的被动式。
例2:Tony was very unhappy for ____ to the party.(2000上海)A.having not been invited B.not having invitedC.having not invited D.not having been invited解析:答案D。
动名词的否定式作介词的宾语。
由于Tony未被邀请在先,不高兴在后,所以采用了完成式的形式。
4.动名词的复合结构动名词的复合结构在句中作宾语时,名词可用普通格代替所有格,代词可用宾格形式代替形容词性物主代词。
eg.I don’t like you/ your/ Tom / Tom’s being late.但是动名词作主语时,只能用your / Tom’s being late 形式。
例:What worried the child most was ____ to visit his mother in the hospital.(1998上海)A.his not allowingB.his not being allowedC.his being not allowedD.having not been allowed解析:答案B。
动名词复合结构的否定式应把否定词not放在物主代词之后、动名词之前。
child 和allow之间为动宾关系,所以就用其被动式。
覃几个重要的句型:1.There is no use / good doing sth.2.There is no + 动名词There is no joking about such matter.这事开不得玩笑。
三. 用to do而不用v-ing作定语的情形一)所修饰的词为desire, effort, failure, promise等She made a promise to come and help us.二)所修饰的名词前有the first/last/next,the only和the best,the most等序数词或形容词最高级修饰语.Who was the last one to leave the room last night﹖She is always the first to get to work.三)所修饰的名词与定语间有动宾关系I have some clothes to wash tonight.She gave him a piece of paper to write on.四)所修饰的名词与定语有主谓关系I need someone to type the letters for me.You must find a person to look after your house for you while you are away.五)所修饰的名词与定语有同位关系At that time women had no right to vote.They got the order to leave the city yesterday.六)定语表示的是尚未发生的将来动作The building to be built is a laboratory.Some goods to be carried to Shanghai, he intends to hire a truck.七)在一些固定句型中,习惯上使用不定式。