2021考研英语语法长难句笔记(并列句)
一、What is 并列句二、连词(一)平行(二)转折(三)选择(四)递进(五)因果三、逻辑关系词(一)平行(二)转折(三)选择(四)递进(五)因果四、分析(一)长难句分析:(二)分析长难句步骤一、What is 并列句用连词连接两个句子I love you, you love that dog.→I love you. you love that dog.→I loving you, you love that dog.→I love you, but you love that dog.→Although I love you, you love that dog.二、连词(一)平行and, not only...but also(二)转折but, yet, while, whereas(三)选择or(四)递进then(五)因果for, so三、逻辑关系词逻辑关系词:连词、副词、介词、介词短语试译:有朋自远方来不亦乐乎There exist a train of companies coming from the distance so I become more than delighted.→There exist a train of companies comin g from the distance. as a consequence, I become more than delighted.→There exist a train of companies coming from the distance, and as a consequence, I become more than delighted.连词和其它逻辑关系词的区别在于,连词的前面要么用逗号要么没有标点符号;而其他的逻辑关系词前面要么用句号要么加连词and(一)平行equally, likewise, similarly, at the same time, in the meanwhile(二)转折however, nevertheless, conversely, unexpectedly, on the contrary, by contrast (三)选择alternatively(四)递进besides, furthermore, moreover, in addition, subsequently(五)因果thus, therefore, as a consequence/result, consequently你还记得那天吗,我没有通过四级考试,一个人在雨中哭泣,你走过来拍拍我的肩膀告诉我人生没有终点Do you still keep the day in mind? I failed to pass CET4, and consequently, I shed tears alone in the rain. At the same time, you came up to me then beat my shoulder, telling me "there exists no destination in life".四、分析(一)长难句分析:●I was beaten and he只要见到有并列连词的出现通常都会有省略,翻译的时候先把省略的部分补充上后再做翻译●那如何查找省略的内容呢?一句话只要有省略,就一定会省略在连词后而不是连词前。
所以连词后面有的成分连词前面通常都有(如果连词后只有一个成分,连词前一定能找到它的对应成分;如果连词后有多个成分的话,连词前不一定都能找到它们的对应成分,但是至少能找到一个对应成分)连词前面有而连词后面没有的成分便是省略的内容(二)分析长难句步骤动词-连词(当连词连接两个名词时忽略)-定语-状语例句一:●Under modern conditions,this requires varying measures of centralized controland hence the help of scientists such as economists and operational researchexperts.●this(主语)requires(谓语)varying measures(宾语)the help(名词)of specialized(定语)●and+n+定;varying measures—the help;of centralized control—of specialized scientists●目前,这需要集中控制各种各样的措施所以这也需要专家的帮助比如说经济学家和操作研究专家(运筹学家)例句二:●The data suggest, for example, that physically attractive individuals are morelikely to be treated well by their parents, sought out as friends,and pursuedromantically.●suggest, are(一定是动词); sought , pursued(可能是动词过去式或非动词即过去分词)The data(主语)suggest(谓语)that从句(宾语)physically attractive individuals(宾从主语)are(宾从谓语)more...romantically(宾从表语)●and+ved+adv(副词只能做状语)treated—sought out—pursued;well by their parents(adv+介短)—as friends(介词短语不能做宾语)—romantically (实意动词后的成分不是宾语就一定是状语)●数据表明颜值高的人更可能受到父母的宠爱,更可能交到朋友更容易受到他人的追求练习:练习一:●Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes for pictures or music was notonly a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect,and more probably to the moral character.●Darwin(主语)was convinced(谓语,其中was为助动词帮助完成被动)that+句子(宾语)more probably(adv状语)to(介词)●句子长的原因:由not only,but also并列的两个句子共同充当宾语;在but also后面还有一个and并列的两个句子●and+状语+介词+名词possibly(状语)—more probablyto the intellect—to the moral character●达尔文认为失去了对于画画和音乐的爱好不但失去了快乐而且很可能对他的智商造成了伤害,并且更可能对他的道德品质也造成了伤害练习二:●It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in Californiaoptional.●据说在英国死亡很快就要来临,在加拿大死亡是不可避免的,在美国死与不死是可选择的练习三:●As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years,their extended family relationships,the informal flow of information is cut off,and with it the confidence that information will be avialable when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable.●the informal flow of information(主语)is cut off(谓语)As ...relationships(状语)trustworthy and reliable(and不算连词,当连词连接两个单词的时候忽略这个连词),that information ...reliable同位语从句●and+介词短语+n+定语the informal flow—the confidenceof information—that...reliable●随着家人搬离他们稳定的社区,搬离他们多年的朋友,搬离他们的亲戚关系,这种非正式的信息流就被切断了,并且和信息流一起当需要的时候我们就能够得到这些可靠的信息的自信也随之消失了练习四:●Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to berejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems.●n+of behavior(定语)+will continue(谓语)+to be rejected(宾语)and+with it(介词短语)+adv(状语)+n+to solve our problems(定语)● a technology—the only wayof behavior—to solve our problems直到这些问题被解决,行为技术将继续的被拒绝并且和行为技术一起可能的是解决我们问题的唯一的方法也将继续被拒绝。
2021考研英语长难句突破:寻找并列连词
2021考研英语长难句突破:寻找并列连词对于考研英语的长难句,快速破解的关键在于拆分!今天文都教研老师重点给大家讲一下并列句的拆分,也就是并列连词的识别,常见的有:and, but, or, for(因为), nor, so, yet; both...and..., not only...but also..., either...or..., neither...nor...。
因为连词不仅可以用来连接分句,还可以用来连接词与词、短语与短语,在此我们一并解释。
在破解英语长难句的过程中,如果能快速的找到句中的并列连接词,则句子结构就能一目了然了!一、and表并列关系例句1:I went home and John stayed there. 我回家了,而约翰呆在那里。
例句2:The man put on his coat and went out of the office. 那个人穿上外衣、戴上帽子,走出了办公室。
二、or表选择关系例句1:Are you hungry or not? 你饿了没有?例句2:Which VCD player is better, this one or that one? 哪个VCD更好,这个还是那个?三、but表转折关系例句1:We tried to persuade her to do it but failed. 我们尽力说服她去做,但没有成功。
例句2:Not everybody is honest and hardworking, but Tom is. 并非每个人都诚实肯干,但汤姆是的。
四、Yet也表示转折关系,有时和and 一起用,相当于but at the same time, however, nevertheless。
例句1:He worked hard, yet he failed. 他很努力,然而却失败了。
例句2:It is only a little shop and yet it always has such lovely decorations. 那只是个小店,却总是有漂亮的装饰。
考研英语语法长难句整理
考研英语语法长难句整理●第一章并列句●并列句的构成●表示顺接的并列连词●...和...●...and...●both...and...●不但...而且......和...●not only...but...as well●not only...but also...●not only...but...●表示转折的并列连词●...但是...●...but...●...yet...●表示选择的并列连词●...或者...二选一●...or...●either...or...●既不...也不...两个都不选●neither...nor...●表示因果的并列连词●...因为...●...for...●...所以/因此...●...so...●并列连词不一定非要连接句子也可以连接词或词组●多件事并列,且中间的多个并列连词相同,通常保留最后一个并列连词,前面相同的替换成逗号,若并列连词不同则不能替换●并列句的省略●并列句独有的特点...相同的成分可以省略,余下的成分保持不变其他句子不能随便省略主语,如果省略,余下的谓语动词要变成非谓语动词●第二章复合句=主句+从句●名词性从句攻略一,找到从句 1.找连接词,就找到了从句的开始,从句通常结束于标点或者下一个连接词前 2.从句被包含在主句中间,只能依靠谓语动词来判断从句的结束,从句从连接词往后数,结束在第二个谓语动词之前攻略二,判断从句确定名词性从句的位置,根据前面的词来判断名词性从句的种类●宾语从句●宾语从句的含义●一个句子作宾语,放在另一个句子(主句)中●宾语从句的写法●1.陈述句变宾语从句●陈述句变宾语从句,前加that(that不作成分,可以省略)分析句子时,考研出现的宾语从句常省略that●2.特殊疑问句变宾语从句●特殊疑问句变宾语从句,要调整语序(疑问语序变回陈述语序,即把疑问句的主语提前到谓语动词之前,其他不变)●3.一般疑问句变宾语从句●一般疑问句变宾语从句,先调整语序(主语提前),再前加“是否”(whether或if)whether和if都能表示是否,但是建议用whether,因为if有时不能使用(例如主语从句中)●4补充●主语为陈述句从句调整陈述语序放入主句,若主语为疑问句,内部包含的宾语从句依然遵循变为陈述语序原则●5.总结●宾语从句=连接词+陈述句●宾语从句的位置●及物动词后(动宾)●动单宾:及物动词+从句●动双宾:及物动词+人+从句●介词后(介宾)●介词+宾语从句●形容词后●形容词+宾语从句形容词+介词+宾语从句,介词无实义被省略了●补充●▪除了作为谓语的及物动词后可接宾语从句之外,非谓语动词后也可以接宾语从句,但是注意一定是及物动词的非谓语后才可以接宾语从句。
2021考研英语:长难句语法重点解析.doc
2021考研英语:长难句语法重点解析考研英语备考很多事情都要提上日程了,看看哪些是该注意的,下面由我为你精心准备了“2021考研英语:长难句语法重点解析”,持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!2021考研英语:长难句语法重点解析一、观其“形”这里的“形”指的是从比较中总结这类句子的特点。
长难句其实并不难,它仅仅是将多个从句或者较复杂的从句呈现在了考生面前,只要了解考查点,熟悉从句几种形式,再复杂的长句也称不上难句了。
长难句的一般形式包括名词性从句,形容词性从句(即定语从句),状语从句。
其中,名词性从句又包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
为了同学们更便于理解,接下来给大家分别举几个例子助“消化”。
例一:Robert Fulton once wrote, "The mechanic should sit down among levers, screws, wedges, wheels, etc. ,like a poet among the letters of the alphabet , considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts, in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea. "【句子主干】Robert Fulton once wrote, “The mechanic should sit down…, like a …, considering them as…, in which a…”【语法难点】1)like…分句是省略了who 的主语从句中的分句,considering…分句是现在分词引导的状语从句。
这个状语从句可以拿到句首,也可以在句尾。
一般来说较长的状语从句置于句尾,较短的置于句首,为的是使句子看上去显得简洁一些。
2)like分句中出现了比较多的省略,补全以后是who like a poet who is among the letters…。
2021考研英语:语法长难句的表达解析55
2021考研英语:语法长难句的表达解析55This does not mean that ambition is at an end, that people no longer feel its stirrings and promptings, but only that, no longer openly honored, it is less openly professed.一、分析这是一个宾语从句的并列结构,主干是this does not mean,后面接了三个并列的that从句作mean的宾语,中间用but连接。
在第三个宾语从句中, no longer openly honored是插入语。
二、词汇ambition n.雄心,抱负[谐音“俺必胜”]stir v. & n. 激起,搅动prompt v.鼓动,促使[注意:prompt在阅读中通常用于形容词,表示“敏捷的、迅速的”]profess v. 表示,宣称[pro-向前+fess-说,同根词confess坦白]三、译文这并不意味着抱负已经穷途末路,人们不再感觉到它对人们的激励了而只是说明人们不再愿意公开地承认,公开以它为荣。
Proficiency in anything requires a great deal of determination and self discipline. In addition, a person’s ability to cope with frustration is also a critic al factor in one’s life career.要精通任何事情都需要极大的决心和自律精神。
此外,一个人应对挫折的能力也是影响他一生事业的一个重要因素Meanwhile , that potential threat has not escaped the attention of the government. Government is moving to head off any danger.同时,政府察觉到了这一潜在的威胁并着手消除这样的危险。
考研英语语法长难句讲义-简单句并列句【】
• As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, and their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable.
课后练兵 • 这两天心里很不爽。 • 全球在变暖。 • 重庆有很多人口。 • 嫉妒本身就是一种仰望。 • 有意义就是好好活,好好活就是做有意义的事情。 • 建议政府采取措施来缓解这个问题。
• 毫无疑问,溺爱孩子的问题越来越严重了。 • 保护运动员是应该的。
第二课 难点稍露尖尖角 并列句
一 什么是并列句?
第二课 难点稍露尖尖角 并列句...................................................................................................9 一 什么是并列句?.................................................................................................................9 二 并列连词及与其同义的逻辑关系词.................................................................................9 三 并列句的考点分析.............................................................................................................9
2021考研《英语》长难句每日一句解析(129)
2021考研《英语》长难句每日一句解析(129)2021考研《英语》长难句每日一句解析汇总2021考研英语长难句每日一句解析(129)( 2021年真题 Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension Part A Text 3 第4段第3句)For a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected, must then influence his or her own acquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs, and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential.译文:但是,一股社会流行潮的出现,需要每一个受到有影响力人士直接影响的人再去影响他们的熟人,如此延续下去;而到底有多少人会注意到这些人,则跟最初那位有影响力的人并无多大关系。
分析:该句整体上看是一个并列复合句。
前一个分句的主干为…each person…must…influence his or her own acquaintances…,句首的For a social epidemic to occur为目的状语,该分句中acquaintances后是who引导的定语从句,修饰宾语1。
第二个分句的主语为从句how many others pay attention to each of these people。
词汇指南epidemic [,epi'demik](adj.)流行的;流行性的,传染性的;(n.)流行;流行病(CET-6、考研词汇)(2003年-阅读2、2021年-阅读3、2021年-阅读3)(ep=up-在…上,i-连字符,dem-词根,人民,人们,ic-的→在人们身上广为传播的——即“流行的;流行性的,传染性的”,引申为“流行;流行病”。
考研英语长难句:并列句(1)
考研英语长难句:并列句(1)考研英语复习在暑假期间需要对难题进行初步的认知和复习,今天太奇考研为大家总结一些考研英语常见长难句希望可以对考研考试有所帮助。
While most leaders sought to maintain Catholicism as the official religion of the new states,some sought to end the exclusion of other faiths.【分析】并列句。
本句的while 为并列连词,连接两个并列的分局。
此时的while 含对比的意味。
【译文】大多数领导人试图继续将天主教作为新国家的官方宗教,而也有一些领导人要设法结束其他信仰被排斥的局面。
【点拨】1) seek to do sth. 意为“尝试或设法做某事”。
2) maintain 意为“维持;维修;保养;坚持;断言”,该词在句中为“维系”的含义。
3) official 既可以作名词,意为“官员”,也可以作形容词,意为“官方的;正式的;法定的”,本句中意为“官方的”。
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2021考研英语:语法长难句之并列句和同位语从句
2021考研英语:语法长难句之并列句和同位语从句摘要:今天介绍的是长难句中并列句和同位语从句的内容,语法的相关内容希望大家重点掌握。
第一部分:并列句一、理论常识由并列连词连接、含有两个或更多主谓结构的句子叫并列句。
表示转折对比关系的并列连词1. but2. yet 但是;尽管如此3. while 而,但是,可是,却表示因果关系的并列连词1. for 因为2. so 因此表示选择关系的连词:or表示并列关系的并列连词1. and 和,同,与,又,并且2. not only ... but also ... 不仅而且3. neither ... nor ... 既不也不4. both ... and ... 既又其他并列连词1. not ... but ... 不是而是2. rather than 而不是;与其宁愿3. when 正当那时,相当于and at that time二、试题举例例句1:In the American economy , the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights , including the right to determine the priceof a product or to make a free contract with another private individual .【重点词汇解析】embrace,v. 拥抱、包含 n. 拥抱;productive,adj. 生产(性)的;contract,n. 合同 v. 订约【参考翻译】在美国经济中,私有财产的概念不仅包含对生产资源的所有权,也指其他一些特定的权利,如确定一个产品价格和与另一个私人个体自由签定合同的权利。
例句2:In addition , the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patented and not subject to peer review or outside evaluation .【重点词汇解析】estimate,vi. 估计、估价 vt. 估计、评价 n. 估计、判断;patent,n. 专利权 vt. 授予专利【参考翻译】另外,有的公司用来鉴定关系的计算机程序或许已经申请了专利保护,并不接受同行评审或外界的评估。
2021考研英语:语法长难句的表达解析(73)
The "shareholders" as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labor was not good.一、分析这句话结构的进步点是and,and后面是一个简单的主系表结构,前面比较复杂。
the "shareholders"主语, as such作为修饰, had no knowledge of 是谓语部分, the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen是宾语,employed by the company引导分词结构做后置定语,修饰前面的workmen, in which he held shares是定语从句修饰前面的company。
二、词汇shareholder股东as such这样的have no knowledge of 对…不了解不知道三、译文这样的"股东"对他拥有股份的公司所雇用的工人们的生活、思想和需求一无所知,而且他们对劳资双方的关系不会产生积极的影响。
The education should be designed to take us beyond the campus to a life of ongoing, pragmatic learning that finds inspiration in unexpected sources, and increases our capacity to understand and contribute to the world &mdash and reshape it, and ourselves, in the process.词汇进步:ongoing 持续的pragmatic 实用的reshape 重塑长难句解析主干:it should be designed to take us beyond the campus to a life.其他成份:of ongoing, pragmatic learning 定语that finds inspiration in unexpected sources, and increases our capacity to understand and contribute to the world &mdash and reshape it, and ourselves, in the process. 定语从句并列动词:finds and increaseunderstand and contribute and reshape 并列动词注意:逗号和破折号的用法其实是很自由的,作者很多时候为了强调一些词和短语,尤其是在并列的时候,多加一个逗号或破折号没有什么值得奇怪的,也没有太多规律可讲,所以不用纠结。
2021考研英语长难句分析解答(必备)
2021考研英语长难句分析解答(必备)1.He quotes a giant of classical economics, Alfred Marshall, in describing this financial impatience as acting like “children who pick the plums out of theirpudding to eat them at once” rather than putting them aside to be eaten last.词组:1.giant [ˈdʒaɪənt] n.巨人2. classical [ˈklæsɪkl] adj.古典的3.economics [ˌiːkəˈnɑːmɪks] n.经济学4.financial [faɪˈnænʃl] adj.财政的;财务的;金融的5. impatience [ɪmˈpeɪʃəns] n.急躁;无耐心;不耐烦6.plum [plʌm] n.李子7.pudding [ˈpʊdɪŋ] n.(餐末的)甜食,甜点;8.at once 立即;马上9.Describe...as 视为(常考)解析:He quotes a giant in describing this financial impatience as acting.典型主谓宾宾补结构,在将金融上的不耐烦描述为一种行为时,他引用了一位巨人。
修饰成分:of classical economics是定语,修饰前面的名词giant。
通常遇到A of B 的结构,通常翻译为B 的A,譬如说the role of the teacher翻译为教师的角色,此句翻译为古典经济学巨人;Alfred Marshall,在双逗号之中为同位语,补充说明前面提到的古典经济学巨人是谁,是阿尔弗雷德·马歇尔;like “children who pick the plums out of their pudding to eat them at once” rather than putting them aside to be eaten last.为同位语,识别标志like,比如说,就像,补充说明前面的acting。
