被动语态讲解.ppt

3. 当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候:
•The pen __w__r_it_e_s__ (write) very fast. •This kind of sweater __s_e_ll_s__ (sell) well.
一般现在时的被动语态：
主语+am / is / are + PP
[2]. The lost boy ____ at the street corner last night.
A. was found B. is found C. was looked for
一般过去时的被动语态：
主语+was / were + PP
词 歌诀：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面
动词过去分词的变化:
1.规则动词的过去分词：
1)一般情况在动词原形后加-ed 2)以不发音e结尾的加-d
watch---watched practice---practiced
3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加-ed study---studied
4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该
Li Hongping
Where is tea produced in China?
Anxi and Hangzhou are widely known for their tea.
How is tea produced?
Tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains.
He washed his car yesterday.
is His car wbaes washed (by him) yesterday.
was
be动词的单复数变化:
1.Tom broke the window.
The window was broken by Tom. 2.She broke the windows. The windows were broken by her. 3.He cleans the classroom everyday The classroom is cleaned by him everyday.
Doudou is always beaten by someone.
昨天晚上 ，夜黑风高，它又被打了。
Doudou was beaten yesterday evening.
明天，豆豆还会面临n顿暴打，可怜的豆豆啊。 Tomorrow ,Doudou will be beaten several times .
•A traffic accident _h_a_p_p_e_n_e_d_(happen) just now.
2. 连系动词（Link.v.) 如：be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, turn, become…
•Peking Opera _s_o_u_n_d__s_ (sound) beautiful.
1. Amy can take od care of the cat ． The cat can be taken good care of by Amy.
2. They should sing some beautiful songs. Some beautiful songs should be sung by them.
英语动词有两种语态： 主动语态 (the Active Voice) 被动语态 (the Passive Voice)
A. 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
We planted the tree.
B. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
The tree was planted by us.
注：后面能接宾语的动词才有被动语态
The leaves are picked by hand and then are sent for processing.
The tea is packed and sent to many places.
被打的豆豆
遥远的小岛上，住着一个倒霉蛋，它叫豆 豆，那里的人只有三件事要忙，吃饭，睡 觉，打豆豆。 你看，它总是被打，还不知道是谁打的。
当动作的承受者比执行者更重要时； 当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁时。
(二)被动语态的基本结构:
be + 过去分词
有各种时态的变化
[1]. Now English ____ by more and more people all over the word.
A. speaks B. is spoken C. was spoken
2) The boss made him work 14 hours a day. He was made to work 14 hours a day.
3) I see him walk to school. He is seen to walk to school.
不用被动语态的动词：
1. 不及物动词（vi.) 如:happen, take place, appear, disappear, …
辅音字母，再加-ed
stop---stopped
2.不规则动词的过去分词：
am
is
have
are been
had
was
has
were
do go
write
done gone written
(三)主动语态变被动语态:
(1)把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语; (2)把谓语动词变成被动结构(be＋过去分词) (根 据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来 主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。 (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语， 将主格改为宾格。如：
可怜的豆豆，已经被这样打了很多 年。命运一直没有改变。
Poor Doudou has been beaten for many years.
我们亲爱的豆豆现在在干嘛，不用问，一定 是正在被打 。
Our dear doudou is being beaten now .
随时可能被打的豆豆啊，谁来救救它啊。 Poor Doudou may be beaten anytime .
They make the bikes in the factory.
The bikes are made by themin the factory.
主变被步骤:
1.找宾语: 即动作的承受者(改为主语) 2. 修改谓语的语态:即be+原V.过去分词 3. 判断新主语的单复数:确定be动词的单复数. 4. 判断动词的时态 : 即be动词的时态. 5. 修改原句的主语 :即by +主语(变宾格).
(四)被动语态的特殊情况:
1.在主动语态中,make, let, hear, see, watch, notice等词,其后跟省略to的动词不定式(动 词原形),在变为被动语态时,必须还原动词不 定式符号to.如:
1) We heard him sing this song in the room. He was heard to sing this song in the room.
[4]. Three bridges ____ since last year. A. have built B. were built C. have been built
现在完成时的被动语态： 主语+have/ has+ been + PP
[5]. Flowers ____ every day. A. has been watered B. should be watered C. should water
1. They will finish the work in ten days. The work will be finished (by them) in ten days.
2.They are going to have a show tomorrow. A show is going to be had (by them) tomorrow.
[3]. More man-made satellites ____ in the future.
A. will send up B. will be sent up C. are sent up
一般将来时的被动语态： 主语+will + be + PP
主语+be going to + be + PP
We speak
主语 谓语
English. 主动语态
宾语
English is spoken by us. 被动语态
主语 谓语
宾语
They cleaned the classroom yesterday.
The classroom was cleaned by them yesterday.
(一)被动语态基本用法:
含有情态动词的被动语态： 情态动词 + be + PP
1. 一般现在时：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词 2. 一般过去时：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词 3. 现在/过去完成时：has / have/had + been + 及物动词的
过去分词 4. 一般将来时：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 5. 含有情态动词：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 6. 现在进行时：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分