高中英语语法讲解一冠词和名词
高中英语语法讲解一冠词和名词冠词
定冠词的主要用法
不定冠词的主要用法
1.冠词和名词
不用冠词的场合
一、不定冠词a(an)的主要用法
A. 不定冠词a(an)用于单数可数名词前。表示one概念。
eg. ①a girl一位女孩②an English book
B. 不定冠词用来表示类别,指某一类人或某一类事物中的一个。
eg. ① His father is a doctor.② I work in a middle school in Beijing.
C. 不定冠词用于表示时间、速度或价格等意义的名词之前，表示单位，译为“每一”。
eg.① The rent is $100 a week.
D. 指某人或某物，意为a certain，常用在第一次提到某人或某物时。
eg. ① A Mr. Ling is waiting for you. 有位姓凌的先生在等你。
E. 用于抽象名词前，表示抽象名词具体化。(success,difficulty, failure,help, beauty, comfort,danger, pride, honor, pleasure,pity)
eg. ① What a pleasant surprise you brought us.
F. 表示“一次”、“一场”、“一段”等“一……”的概念，常与动词连用构成短语，名词前常有形容词修饰。
eg. ① have a good time，have a wonderful supper ，have a good knowledge/understanding of；have a population of ，have an income
of ，cover an area of，reach a height of。
② have a good time，have a wonderful supper ，have a good knowledge/understanding of；have a population of ，have an income of ，cover an area of，reach a height of。
接同源宾语的短语如: live/lead a happy/simple/hard/poor/bitter
life，dream a strange dream， die a heroic death
二、定冠词the的用法：
A. 加可数名词单数表示一类事物。
eg. The horse is a very useful animal.
B.与名词连用表示特指。
1) 特指双方都明白的人或物。eg. Take the medicine. 把药吃了。
2) 表示上文提到过的人或事物。
eg. ① He bought an English-Chinese dictionary this morning. The dictionary is very good.
3) 有时加后面有限定语修饰的名词表特指。
eg. The parents were shocked by the news that their son needed an operation on his knee.
C.用来表示世界上独一无二的事物。
eg. the sun, the moon, the sky, the earth, the world
D. 用于表示阶级,党派,民族的名词前。
eg. the Chinese Communist Party中国共产党, the working class工人阶级 , the proletariat 无产阶级，The Chinese中国人民
E.用于复数的姓氏前,表示"两夫妇"或"全家",在此情况下,这类名词作复数对待。
eg. ①When we got there, the Greens were waiting for us.
②The Smiths watch TV every day.
F.用于乐器名词前,但汉语拼音的乐器前不用冠词。
eg. play the piano, play the violin, play erhu
G.常用于含有普通名词或形容词的专有名词前。
. 用于许多江海,山脉,群岛等名词前：
eg. the Yellow River, the East Sea, the Himalayas, the
Pacific Ocean
. 用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称：eg. the People's Republic of China ; the United States
. 用于机关,团体,朝代,时代,报刊杂志等名词前:
eg. the United Nations, the State Council, the Tang Dynasty, the People's Daily, the Summer Palace, the Peace Hotel, the Times
H.用于表示方位的名词前。
eg. the east; the southwest; the middle; the Far East ; on the left
I.用于某些形容词或过去分词前,表示一类人或事物，且指人时用复数谓语，指物用单数谓。
eg. the poor ; the rich; the living; the young; the wounded; the beautiful
J. 在逢十的年号的复数或所有格前加the, 指世纪的某个年代。
eg. in the 1930’s/in the 1930s 在二十世纪三十年代
K.在表示发明物的单数名词前用the. eg.The compass was invented in China.
He was considered to have invented the computer.
L. 用在形容词的最高级前或序数词前及形容词only，very，same等前面。
eg. the second story第二个故事
M. 表示所有，相当于物主代词，用在表示身体部位的名词前。
eg. She caught me by the arm.. 她抓住了我的手臂。
三、零冠词的场合:
A. 表示某一类人或事物的复数名词前,不用冠词。
eg. ①Now people are living a happy life.②Trees are planted everywhere.
③They are teachers. 他们是教师。***特指时加the, 如 The horses are very beautiful.
B. 不含普通名词的专有名词,表示概念的物质名词和抽象名词前,不用冠词。
eg. ①We are studying English.②He is leaving for America this year.
③It is pleasant to walk in soft snow.④Love is always stronger than hatred.
⑤Failure is the mother of success.失败乃成功之母。
***物质名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词，当表示特定的意思时，需要加定冠词。
eg. The steel produced in our plant is of high quality.我们厂生产的钢质量很高。
C. 请记住这个口诀
月、季、星期、节假、洲，称呼、头衔、职务前；三餐、球类、惯用语；学科、棋类名词前。
eg. ①She likes spring while I like summe r. ②We have no classes on Saturday.
③The Long March started in October 1934.④We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我们从星期一到星期五都上课。
头衔，作主补宾补表语同位语时eg. ①The guards took the American to General Lee. 士兵们把这个美国人送到李将军那里。②We have elected him our monitor. 注：名词前有形容词修饰时，需加不定冠词。He turned a famous writer.
三餐eg. ①When do you have lunch?②After supper, we usually take a walk.注：特指时加the，有时加a表一顿饭。如：What did you think of the supper yesterday.
We had a good dinner last night. 我们昨天吃了一顿丰盛的晚餐。
节假日等名词前,不用冠词。eg. ①Chi ldren all wear their best clothes on National Day.
②People give gifts to each other on Christmas Day.
注意:在含有festival的节日前，须加冠词the。如：the Spring Festival春节，the Mid-autumn Festival中秋节。在eve后有of短语则要加定冠词: eg. on the eve of National Day; on the eve of New Year's Day
球类和棋类运动 eg. play basketball; play chess
四、不用冠词的场合
A. 作表语用表示程度的形容词最高级前,不用冠词。eg. ①Your help was most timely.
②This method is most effective.
注意:如果有比较范围,形容词最高级前必须加定冠词: eg. Of all methods, this is the most effective.
B.当by 与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词。 eg. by bus; by train
C.有些个体名词不用冠词，如:school，college，prison，market，hospital，bed，table，class, town，church，court 等个体名词，直接置于介词后，表示该名词的深层含义。
eg. ①go to hospital 去医院看病②go to the hospital去医院(并不是去看病，而是有其他目的)
D.名词前有指示代词,物主代词,不定代词或名词所有格修饰,不用冠词。
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高中英语语法知识点总结 冠词 高考对冠词的考查集中在基本用法上，主要既反映在对泛指、特指及固定短语冠词的考查。抽象名词、物质名词的具体化依然是高考的重点、难点。 一、不定冠词 不定冠词a，an与one同源，表示微弱的一的概念，但并不强调数目，用来表示不确定的人或事物。 A用在辅音前，而不是辅音字母前；an用在元音前，而不是元音字母前。 a university in Asia 1.表示同类中的任何一个 A cat has nine lives. 2.表示泛指的某人、某物 I know a John Lennon，but not the famous one. 3.表示数量的一He has a daughter. 4. 表示单位数量的每一I earn 10 dollars an hour. 5.表示相同的 The two birds are of a color. 6. 用于集体名词前 He grows up in a large family. 7. 在某种情况下可用于抽象名词和物质名词前China has a long history. 二、定冠词的用法 1.表示特定的人或物
2.表示地球、宇宙中独一无二的事物 主要指各种天体及世界上比较有影响的物体。The sun，the moon，the earth 3．表示地点、方向、时间、方式等at the corner 在拐角处 1）在表示季节的名词前常不用冠词。In spring 在春天 2) 具体某年的某个季节，需用冠词。In the summer of the year2008 3）用于序数词或形容词的最高级前the first the second 4）用于形容词前使其名词化the rich the poor 5）用于复数姓氏前，表示―夫妇‖或全家The Smiths 6）用于乐器名词前 Play the piano 7）用于by+the+计量单位名词 By the pound 1. 用于复数名词前 复数名词泛指某类人或物时，其前通常用零冠词。Students should obey the school rules. 学生应该遵守校规。复数名词若需特指，则要加定冠词。The students are too lazy. 这些学生太懒。 2. 用于不可数名词前 不可数名词表示泛指时，其前通常用零冠词。如：Bread is made from flour. 面包是用面粉做的。 Wood is a poor conductor of sound. 木头是声音的不良导体。不可数名词若需特指，则要加定冠词。 He sawed the wood into three pieces. 他把木头锯成三块。 3.用于专有名词前 在通常情况下，专有名词前要用零冠词。如：
初中英语语法 冠词和介词
--- 冠词Articles 冠词作为一种虚词，是用来修饰名词的。冠词分为不定冠词、 定冠词和零冠词。 ?不定冠词a和an 1. a ---- e.g. a book / a hospital （用在以辅音字母开头的单词前面） 2. an ---e.g. an apple/ an engineer/ an actor/ (用于以元音字母开头的单词前) 特例： a university/ a European an honest man/ an hour ?定冠词the 1.之前提到过的人或事物，当再次提起此物或人时，用 the： e.g. There is a box in the room. And the box is mine. Judy bought a card. The card cost 5 dollars. 2. 说话双方都知道的人或事，我们也用the: e.g. Please close the door. Excuse me. Where is the hospital? It’s over there by the bank. 3. 当那人或事物是独一无二时，我们也用the:
e.g. Beijing is the capital of China. It has many attractions such as the Eiffel Tower. 在专有名词(国名/组织机构名/建筑物名)前the Great Wall the Yellow River the Summer Palace the UK the WTO the History Museum the Alps the People’s Republic of China 4. 用于某些名词或者形容词前，表示一类人，一个民族。 e.g. the Chinese 中国人the rich 富人the old 老人the young 年轻人the dead 死者the blind 聋人 the poor 穷人 零冠词(就是不需要加任何冠词) 1.交通工具名词前不用冠词 e.g. by car坐汽车by ship 坐船 by plane坐飞机on foot 步行 2. 在一日三餐名词前不用冠词。 e.g. have breakfast/ lunch/ supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭
高中英语语法大全(详细)
第一主题英语语法系统全解（一） 第1章动词时态 2-4楼 第2章被动语态 5-7 楼 第3章虚拟语气 9-11 楼 第4章情态动词 12-16楼 第5章动词不定式 17-20 楼 第6章动词的ing形式 21-24楼 第7章过去分词 25-27楼 第8章独立主格结构 28－30楼 第9章名词性从句 31－33楼 第10章定语从句 35－40楼 第11章状语从句（一） 40－45楼 第11章状语从句（二） 第12章直接引语和间接引语 第13章倒装 第14章强调 第15章省略 第16章主谓一致 动词时态－－一般时 第一章动词时态（一） 在英语中，不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，要用不同的动词形式来表示，这就叫做动词的时态。 一、一般时 一般时包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时和一般过去将来时。
A.一般现在时 1．一般现在时的构成 一般现在时主要用动词原形来表示。主语是第三人称单数时，动词后面要加-s或-es。 “我’为开头做称呼的是第一人称 ‘你’怎么怎么样是第二人称 ‘他她它’是第三人称 第三人称就是第三人称转述。 例：小兰对妈妈说：“我要出去玩了” 第三人称：小兰对妈妈说，她要出去玩了。 第三人称，就是说是叙述性质的，没有人的语言，是旁白在记叙！ 以我的角度说，就是第一人称； 以和你说的角度说，就是第二人称； 站在事情外说事情，他怎么怎么样，那就是第三人称了 They want good jobs. 他们想要好的工作。 The coat matches the dress. 外衣和裙子很相配。 This work does not satisfy me. 这项工作我不满意。 Do you understand? 你懂了吗? 2．一般现在时的用法 ①一般现在时的基本用法 a. 表示现在习惯性的动作或存在状态 He always takes a walk after supper. 晚饭后他总是散散步。 Everyone is in high spirits now. 现在大家都情绪高涨。 b. 表示客观事实或普遍真理 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
《中考英语》初中英语语法知识—冠词的分类汇编及解析
一、选择题 1．I want ______ iPad. I hope my mom will buy one for me on my birthday this year. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．I bought useful dictionary yesterday. dictionary is very cheap. A．a; A B．a; The C．an; The 3．—What was the matter with your father? —He had _____toothache so he went to see his dentist yesterday. A．the B．/ C．a D．an 4．Going to ______ high school for one year in Britain was quite ______ exciting experience for me. A．不填; an B．a; a C．不填; 不填D．the; a 5．––What’s on your desk, Judy? ––It’s ________ English-Chinese dictionary. It’s _______useful dictionary. A．an, the B．an, an C．an, a 6．The film Avengers: Infinity War (复仇者联盟3：无限战争) is so exciting that I want to watch it _______ second time. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 7．— Did you watch the movie Amazing China? —Yes. It’s one of most popular films this year. A．a B．an C．the 8．You are such __ honest kid, and I would like to invite you for __ dinner.. A．an; a B．a; the C．an; / D．a; / 9．–You made ______ same mistake again. You missed ______ “l” here. -- Oh, sorry. I’ll correct it right now. A．a, the B．the, the C．the, a D．the, an 10．---Look! Who's ______ boy talking with Jack over there? ---Oh, he is my cousin, Bob. He is _____ honest boy. A．a; the B．the; an C．the; a D．a; an 11．Hainan is _____ island with fresh air and bright sunshine. A．the B．an C．a 12．—Are there many places of interest in Jinan? —Yes. By ________ way, you can go there by ______ bus. A．the; a B．/; the C．the; / D．a; / 13．___story of Chang’e is regarded as a touching traditional folk stor y about the Mid-Autumn Festival. A．A B．An C．The D．/ 14．As Hannah Lucas had a disease, she and her brother Charile made app called notOK to let her get help from others when she wasn't feeling well.
高中英语二轮复习语法---冠词讲解
高三二轮语法复习——冠词 一、定冠词the 1.特指。(说话双方都知道的人或事物。上文提到的人或事物。有修饰限定的词。) I ate a sandwich while I was waiting for the 20:08 train. I like the color of your skirt. It’s a good match for your blouse. I have learned that it’s taking a long time to become the person I want to be. 2.与名词相关的特殊用法 1）世界上独一无二的事物 the universe ; the sun ; the moon 2）发明物 Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876. 3）乐器（中国民族乐器除外） play the violin 4）身体部位（固定搭配） hit/strike sb on the head hit/strike sb in the face seize/take sb by the arm be red in the face / be lame in the right leg / be blind in the left eye 5）方位名词 The North is colder than the South. To the northeast of Nanjing lies Yangzhou. 6）计量单位 by the hour / day / dozen / pond / yard As a rule, domestic servants doing odd jobs are paid by the hour. 特例：by weight / size/ time Meat is sold by weight.
初中英语语法专项复习冠词
初中英语语法专项复习 冠词第课时 一.要点梳理 1.不定冠词a/an的区别：There is “s”and “u”in the word “useful”. 2.定冠词the 的用法：There is “h”in word “useful”. This is song I’ve told you about. Isn’t it beautiful one? 3.零冠词：下象棋，打篮球，吃三餐，季节，月份，星期，节日，专有名词（人名、地名），固定搭配 二．强化训练 【2018山东滨州】1. ---How was ________ dinner at Mike’s house? ---It was great. Mike’s mum is _________ wonderful cook. A. a; the B. the; a C. the; the D. a; an 【2018山东聊城】2. There’s ______ apple on the table. _______ apple is for my little brother. A. a; An B. an; An C. the; An D. an; The 【2018凉山】John can play _____ guitar, but he can’t play ______ chess. A. the;/ B./;the C. the; the 【2018乌鲁木齐】3. _ are planning to go on vacation. A. Black's B. A Black's C. The Black's D. The Blacks 【2018四川达州】4.—What useful book it is!
高中英语语法全英详解
必修一 语法点一：Be+v.ing表将来use the present continuous tense for future plans In English, we have lots of ways of talking about the future. The most common ways of talking about the future we encounter use ‘will’ or ‘be going to’ followed by an infinitive（动词原形）, and we tend to use ‘be going to’ most often for talking about future plans. Sometimes, we also use the present continuous tense to talk about future plans. Ex. ①we are going to Mexico next Sunday. ②Are you coming to the cinema? ③He is leaving for London in two hours. ④We are spending next winter in Australia. Only some verbs can be used in this situation, such as: go, arrive, come, leave, start, stay, return, play, have, work, wear, spend, see, meet, etc. 扩展： What’s the difference between using ‘be going to’ and the present continuous to talk about future plans? Let’s look at some more examples: “I’m going to play football on Saturday” You have made a plan in your head but possibly not taken any real action to confirm it. Also, playing football on Saturday is probably not a regular event for you. “I’m playing football on Saturday” You have made a plan and taken some real action to confirm it (e.g. called your friends or booked a place to play). In this case, it’s likely that playing football on Saturdays is a common activity for you. 语法点二：Direct speech and indirect speech(直接引语和间接引语) Let's first define the terms, then look at how to talk about what someone said, and how to convert speech from direct to indirect or vice-versa. You can answer the question What did he say? in two ways: by repeating the words spoken (direct speech) by reporting the words spoken (indirect or reported speech). Direct speech repeats, or quotes, the exact words spoken. When we use direct speech in writing, we place the words spoken between quotation marks (" ") and there is no change in these words. Reported or indirect speech is usually used to talk about the past, so we normally change the tense of the words spoken. We use reporting verbs like 'say', 'tell', 'ask', and we may use the word 'that' to introduce the reported words. Quotation marks are not used. 1、declarative sentence陈述句 ①Change in pronoun: The pronoun (subject) of the reported speech is changed according to the pronoun of reporting verb or object (person) of reporting verb (first part of sentence). Sometimes the pronoun may not change. In following example the pronoun of reported speech is “I” which will be changed in indirect speech into the pronoun (Subject) of reporting verb that is “he”. He said, “I like it very much.”→He said that he liked it very much. ②Change in tense: If the first part of sentence (reporting verb part) belongs to past tense the tense of reported speech will change. If the first part of sentence (reporting verb part) belongs to present or