高中英语语法复习专题讲解-定语从句

高中英语语法复习专题讲解-定语从句一、考点聚焦1、功能:相当于形容词,修饰名词或代词,在句中作定语2、位置:定语从句置于被修饰词之后Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.3、先行词:被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词(1)先行词一般是名词和不定代词,如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词;或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。

数词也可以作先行词,人称代词也同样可作先行词。

(2)先行词与关系词是等量关系。

必须注意两点:①先行词在从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。

This is the place which is worth visiting.②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分,其意思就是先行词的意义,所以在从句中不能重复其意。

There are many places we can visit(them)in China.4、关系词:引导定语从句的都称关系词关系代词:who, whom, which, that, whose, as。

关系副词:when, where, why。

that偶尔也作关系副词。

5、确定关系词的步骤(1)先找关系词,看先行词指的是什么。

(2)看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。

6、在定语从句中,当先行词指物时,下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which(1)先行词被①形容词最高级②序数词③数词几种词修饰或被④only、any、few、little、no、all、one of等修饰时。

(2)先行词为all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything等不定代词时。

(3)先行词中既有人又有物时。

He was looking pleasantly at te children and parcels that filled his bus.(4)先行词在主句中作表语关系词在从句中作表语时。

The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago.(5)当主句中含有疑问词which时。

Which are the books that you bought for me ?7、宜用which而不用that的情况(1)在非限制性定语从句中(2)在关系词前有介词时(3)当先行词本身是that时(4)当关系词离先行词较远时8、关系词who与that指人时,也有不同情况分别用不同的关系词(1)当主句是there be句型时,关系词用who。

(2)先行词是为anyone、those、someone、everyone、one等词时,关系词用who。

(3)当主句是who作疑问词时,关系词用that。

Who is that girl that is standing by the window?(4)whom在从句中只作宾语,可被who取代。

9、whose作关系词既指人又指物,在从句中作定语。

如:Do you know Mr.Smith whose story is very moving ?There is a room, whose window faces the river.There is a room, the window of which faces the river.10、关系代词as,在从句中作主语、宾语和表语。

(1)先行词被such和the same修饰,或句型as many(much)中,从句都用as 引导。

Such books as you bought are useful.The school is just the same as it was 10 years age.注意:区别①such … that … 引导的结果状语从句。

They are suchlovely ch ildren that we love them much.②the same … that … 引导定语从句。

I want to use the same tool that you used just now.(2)无先行词的定语从句用as和which引导。

区别:①意义上:as 含有“这点正如……一样”。

②位置上:as 从句可置句首,也可在另处。

He didn’t pass the exam, as we had expected.There is lots of air in loose snow, which can keep the cold out.As is known, the earth is round, not flat.11、关系副词when与where、why、thatwhen 指时间 = in / at / on / during whichwhere指地点 = in / at / from / whichwhy指原因 = for which当先行词为way、day、reason、time时,可用that作关系副词。

(非正式场合)I don’t like the way that / in which / he talks.当time作先行词时,关系词可以省掉。

This is the first time I have given you a lesson in French.12、必须注意的问题(1)关系词作主语时,从句中谓语的数。

(2)注意区别定语从句与强调句。

①定语从句中关系词作从句成分,复合句。

②强调it无意义,that / who不是引导词。

③强调it is / was和that / who后如果句子意思讲得通则是强调句,讲不通则不是。

It is the museum that / which we visited last year.(定语从句)It was in the hotel that we stayed last night.(强调句)(3)定语从句与同位语从句的区别。

①定语从句引导词被称为关系词,that充当主语、宾语、表语。

有时可省略。

②同位语从句引导词被叫做连词,that不能充当任何成分,不可省。

Word came that their army was defeated.(同位语)We expressed to them our wish that was the same as their.(定语)(4)关系词在从句中省略的情况。

①关系词作宾语,前无介词时。

②关系词作表语。

(5)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的翻译。

(6)关系词前有介词或复杂介词,关系词只能是which和whom。

(7)几个特殊的定语从句句型:①He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks in the match.(句中one为先行词)He is one of the students who have got good marks in the match.(句中students为先行词)②Is this place the one (that) we visited yesterday?Is this the place(that / which)we visited yesterday ?③He stood at the window, from where he could see what was happening.④It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.二、精典名题导解1. The film brought the hours back to me _________ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.A.untilB.thatC.whenD.where2. ___________ is known to everybody, the noon travels around the earth once every month.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What3. After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ___________ he grew up as a child.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when1.解析:答案为C。

本题考查分隔定语从句的关系词的选择。

作好本题的关键是要能辨认出该定语从句的先行词the hours和关系词被介词短语to me所分隔。

定语从句的先行词是表时间的名词hours, 并且关系词在从句中用作状语,故应选择表示时间的关系副词when。

2.解析:答案为B。

本题考查as引导的非限制定语从句。

as作“正如……”解时,引导的非限制性定语从句来修饰整个句子。

当as在从句中作主语时,常用于下列短语:as is known、as is said、as is reported、as is announced等。

要注意掌握作关系代词引导定语从句的用法。

3.解析:答案为B。

本题考查限制性定语从句中关系词的选择。

定语从句的先行词是表示地点的名词短语the small town, 且关系词不作定语从句中的主语和宾语而作地点状语,因此定语从句必须用关系副词where引导。

要注意分清先行词在从句中充当的成分,然后选择适当的关系词。

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定语从句高一知识点总结

定语从句高一知识点总结

定语从句高一知识点总结定语从句是高中英语中一个重要的语法知识点。

它能够为主句提供修饰成分,使得句子更加准确、丰富。

下面是对定语从句的高中英语知识点总结:一、定语从句的定义和作用定语从句是一个句子,用来修饰一个名词或代词。

它提供了更多的描述和信息,以使主句更加明确。

定语从句可以用来修饰人或物,而且在句子中可以作为主语、宾语、表语或定语。

二、定语从句的引导词1.关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that2.关系副词:when, where, why三、定语从句的位置定语从句通常紧跟在所修饰的名词或代词之后。

四、关系代词的用法和例句1.用who或that代替修饰人的名词,作为定语从句的主语。

例句:The boy who is reading in the library is my brother.2.用whom或that代替修饰人的名词,作为定语从句的宾语。

例句:The girl whom you met yesterday is my best friend.3.用which或that代替修饰物的名词,作为定语从句的主语或宾语。

例句:The book which I borrowed from the library is very interesting.4.用whose表示所修饰名词的所有关系。

例句:The man whose car was stolen reported it to the police.五、关系副词的用法和例句1.用when表示时间,修饰修饰时间的名词,作为定语从句的状语。

例句:Yesterday was the day when we won the championship.2.用where表示地点,修饰修饰地点的名词,作为定语从句的状语。

例句:Do you remember the place where we had our first date?3.用why表示原因,修饰修饰原因的名词,作为定语从句的状语。

英语语法高中定语从句知识点归纳总结

英语语法高中定语从句知识点归纳总结

英语语法高中定语从句知识点归纳总结定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要概念,它在句子中起到修饰名词或代词的作用。

在高中英语学习中,掌握定语从句的使用方法和规则对于提高语言表达能力和理解能力非常关键。

本文将对高中英语定语从句的知识点进行归纳总结。

一、定语从句的定义和作用定语从句是一个句子,它修饰一个名词或代词,用来给出更多的信息,进一步描述或限定该名词或代词的特定内容。

定语从句可以用来修饰人、事、物、地点等。

它在句子中的作用是为主句提供更多的信息,使句子更具体、更有表达力。

二、定语从句的引导词1.关系代词:定语从句中常用的关系代词有:- 人:who,whom,whose- 物:which,that,whose- 人或物:as,where,when2.关系副词:定语从句中常用的关系副词有:- 地点:where- 时间:when- 原因:why三、定语从句的基本结构定语从句的基本结构为:关系代词/副词 + 主句。

其中,关系代词或副词在定语从句中担任主语、宾语、表语或定语的作用。

四、定语从句的几个常见类型1.限制性定语从句:限制性定语从句用来对先行词进行进一步的限定,它的信息是先行词不可或缺的一部分。

限制性定语从句与主句之间没有逗号隔开,通常使用关系代词that,也可使用which或who。

例子:The book that you borrowed from me is very interesting.你从我这里借的那本书非常有趣。

2.非限制性定语从句:非限制性定语从句用来对先行词进行附加说明,它的信息只是对先行词的附加补充,可以省略而不影响句子的整体意思。

非限制性定语从句与主句之间用逗号隔开,通常使用关系代词which,也可使用who。

例子:The weather, which was sunny and warm, made our picnic very enjoyable.天气晴朗温暖,使得我们的野餐非常愉快。

【课件】高中英语衔接语法复习:定语从句课件

【课件】高中英语衔接语法复习:定语从句课件
She said she had finished her work, which I doubled very much.
(关系代词代指整个主句内容时)
贰 定语从句结构划分
先行词
被定语从句修饰的词(组)叫做先行词
关系词
引导定语从句的词称为关系词, 关系词指代先行词并在定语从句中充当一定的成分
定语从句位置 通常位于它所修饰的词(组)之后
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
肆 重点提升
重点一:如何选择关系代词与关系副词
关系代词和关系副词的选择,取决于先行词的关系词在从句中充当
的成分,如果作状语那么就选择关系副词,如果不充当状语,则选
择关系代词。
The house
where he lives which/that he lives in
needs repairing.
I have a friend who is named Jhon.
先行词 关系词 (作主语) 定语从句
定语从句
He always remember the day when his father returned from America.
先行词 关系词 (作状语)
叁 关系词的作用与选择
关系词的作用
语
系表 动语 词
分类
我 喜欢 小猫 。 I like cats .
范 围 缩
限制性定语从句
小
我 喜欢 丑丑的 小猫 。
I like the cats which are ugly .
限制性定语从句
定
约翰 拥抱了 那个爱他的 妈妈。
语
Jhon hugged mom who loves him.
从

高中英语定语从句讲解详版(复习版)

高中英语定语从句讲解详版(复习版)

on which(=on the day)
=
先行词是时间时,并非都用when引导从句 来修饰,试比较:
☆ Do you still remember the
when days _________there was no electricity? 从句中缺少时间状语
together?
vt.
☆ Do you still remember the days(which/that) we spent ____________
with whom 6. Do you know the girl ____ ______ our head teacher is shaking hands? for _____ 7. I can’t find my dictionary ____ which I paid over $100 . 8. This is the good car ____ which I on _____ spent all my money. to/for whom 9. She is the teacher ______ _______all his students show respect . for _____ 10. The teacher ____ whom you have been waiting is coming in a minute.
A plane is a machine. It can fly. A plane is a machine that can fly. He is the man. I told you about him. He is the man (that/who/whom) I told you about.

高中英语语法复习——定语从句(共45张ppt)

高中英语语法复习——定语从句(共45张ppt)

2、先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词或 者代词叫做先行词。定语从句通常 置于它所修饰的成分之后。
eg: The boy who is playing basketball is my younger brother.
3、关系词:引导定语从句的关联词就叫关系 词。
A. 把从句和主句中被修饰的先行词连接在 一起.
2. I think the day will finally come______ air pollution can be put under control. A. that B. which C. when D. as
3. This is the store______ we visited the famous shop assistant. A. where B. there C. that D. which
结构分析: 系词所指代的先行词在句中作 know的宾语。
4. I don’t like the way _____ you speak to her. A. / B. that C. in which D. all A, B and C
特别注意!(5)
在实践中会遇到很多形似定语从句的句子,要 注意定语从句与其它从句的结构上的细微差别, 能够正确区分使用它们.
couldn’t be found.
A. that
B.where C. in which D. in that
The places couldn’t be found.可知关 系词所指代的先行词在句中作主语。
结构分析:
3. This is the reason ______ he has always been eager to know for these years. A. which B. why C. for which D. because He has always been eager to know the reason for these years.可知关

高一定语从句知识点的整理总结、专项训练题目

高一定语从句知识点的整理总结、专项训练题目

高一定语从句知识点的整理总结、专项训练题目知识点整理总结:定语从句是英语中常用的一种从句类型,用来修饰名词或代词,使语言更加精准和丰富。

以下是高一阶段定语从句的一些常见知识点总结:1. 定语从句的构成:- 引导词:关系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose)或关系副词(when, where, why)。

- 定语从句的位置可以是名词的前面或后面,具体取决于修饰的成分。

2. 关系代词的选择:- 指物时使用关系代词 that 或 which。

- 指人时使用关系代词 who 或 whom。

- 指物时使用关系代词 whose 表示所属关系。

3. 关系副词的使用:- where 表示地点。

- when 表示时间。

- why 表示原因。

4. 定语从句的省略:- 当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语且不作介词宾语时,可以省略。

5. 定语从句的限制性和非限制性:- 限制性定语从句对所修饰的名词起限定作用,不可省略。

- 非限制性定语从句对所修饰的名词作补充说明,用逗号隔开,一般可省略。

专项训练题目:1. 下列句子中有定语从句的是:- A. The book on the table is mine.- B. This is the pen that I lost yesterday.- D. The boy is tall.2. 选择正确的关系代词填空:- The house _______ you bought is very beautiful.- A. where- B. that- C. who3. 选择正确的关系副词填空:- Do you remember the day ______ we went to the beach? - A. when- B. who- C. why4. 下列句子中哪个是限制性定语从句:- A. My brother, who is a doctor, lives in Paris.- B. The dog that I adopted is very friendly.- C. The house, where we spent our vacation, is now on sale.5. 填入合适的关系代词或关系副词:- This is the bus _______ I often take to work.- A. who- B. when- C. that作答:1. B2. B3. A4. B5. C以上是高一定语从句知识点的整理总结和专项训练题目。

高中定语从句知识点

高中定语从句知识点在英语学习中,定语从句是一个非常重要的语法知识点。

掌握了定语从句的使用方法和注意事项,可以帮助我们更准确地表达和理解句子的含义。

下面将介绍一些高中常见的定语从句知识点。

一、定语从句的基本概念定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句,它像一个形容词,对先行词进行修饰和说明。

定语从句一般由关系代词(如that, which, who, whom, whose等)或关系副词(如where, when, why等)引导。

二、定语从句的引导词1.关系代词a. that:常用于修饰人和物,在从句中作主语或宾语时均可使用。

例句:The book that you borrowed from the library is very interesting.b. which:常用于修饰事物,在从句中作主语或宾语时均可使用。

例句:I bought a new car, which is very expensive.c. who/whom:常用于修饰人,在从句中作主语或宾语时使用。

例句:The girl who is sitting next to me is my best friend.2.关系副词a. where:表示地点。

例句:This is the school where I used to study.b. when:表示时间。

例句:The day when I met you was the happiest day of my life.c. why:表示原因。

例句:I don't know the reason why he left without saying goodbye.三、定语从句的位置定语从句可以放在先行词之前或之后。

1. 先行词在定语从句之前时,用逗号将其与定语从句隔开。

例句:Jane, who is my best friend, is coming to visit me tomorrow.2. 先行词在定语从句之后时,不使用逗号。

高考英语 定语从句知识点归纳讲解(课件)


试卷讲评课件
▲ as通常以the same … as或such … as的形式引导定语从句,as在定 语从句中作主语、宾语或表语等。 as和which引导非限制性定语从句中都能指代整句内容,which译为“这”, as 译为“正如”。但定语从句位于句首时只能用as。As we all know,…/As is known to all,…(正如大家所知道….)
二、定语从句的关系词用法
试卷讲评课件
(一)关系代词:who、whom、which、that、whose、as
关系代词 who whom whose which that as
先行词 人 人
人/物 物
人/物 人/物
在从句中充当的成分 主语、宾语、表语
宾语 定语 主语、宾语 主语、宾语、表语 主语、宾语、表语
三、非限制性定语从句
试卷讲评课件
非限定性定语从句,从句式上看,有逗号隔开。它既可以修饰先行词, 也可修饰整个句子。它对其先行词没有限定、修饰的作用,只起补充、 说明的作用。 1.非限制性定语从句通常不能用that 2. 非限制性定语从句不能用why引导,要用for which代替why。例如: I had told them the reason,for which I didn't attend the meeting. 3. 非限制性定语从句置于句首时,不能用which引导。关系代词as引导 非限制性定语从句位置比较灵活,可以放主句前,也可以放主句后。
Tranquil/ˈtræŋkwəl/
试卷讲评课件
Li Shangyin(李商隐) 1.Li Shangyin was a Chinese poet of the late Tang Dynasty and born in Henei. 2.Li Shangyin was a typical late Tang poet. His works are sensuous, dense and allusive. 3.His most famous and cryptic poem is called Jin Se. sensuous/ˈsenʃuəs/ , dense/dens/ and allusive/əˈluːʒən/ .敏感、晦涩、含 沙射影。 Shangguan Wan'er(上官婉儿) 1. Shangguan Wan'er was a talented woman in Tang dynasty.

高中英语语法-定语从句详解(共111张PPT)


her The girl we saw
yesterday is Mary.
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
her The girl we saw
yesterday is Mary.
Join the following sentences:
哪个关联词
句子结构分析 各种从句的区别 关联词的选用
句子成分&结构
句子结构分析
抓主干
1. I like popular music. 2. The girl laughed in her room. 3. The plane crashed and killed all 200
people aboard. 4. He was adopted when he was 13. 5. We offered him our congratulations. 6. I can’t stand staying at home all day
• Have you seen the film Titanic, _____ leading actor is world famous?
A. its
B. it’s
C. whose
D. which
which
• China is an ancient country of civilization which has a history of more than 5, 000 years.
our school.
1. Women often go shopping.
2. I have worked hard on my English for quite a few years.

高中定语从句知识点归纳

高中定语从句知识点归纳一、定语从句的概念定语从句是在句子中起定语作用的句子。

它修饰主句中的某个名词或代词,被修饰的名词、代词叫先行词,定语从句总是放在先行词之后,且引导定语从句的关联词必须放在定语从句之首。

二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where,when,why等。

关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。

限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。

非限制性定语从句与主句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。

四、关系代词的用法1.that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。

在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。

作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。

例如:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.(玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。

)2.which用于指物,在句中作主语、宾语或表语。

作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。

例如:The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.(位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。

)3.who,whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。

在口语中,有时可用who代替whom。

who和whom作宾语时也可省略。

例如:The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.(经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。

)4.whose用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.(那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。

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