2020年高三英语寒假作业 (8)

英语试卷（18）

第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)

第一节单项填空(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)

请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B. C. D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

21. The greatest gifts in life are not purchased, but _____ through hard work and determination.

A. acquired

B. arranged

C. adored

D. allocated

22. ______ the path of a county is the right one is a matter to be decided by its people.

A. That

B. What

C. Whether

D. Why

23. Thousands of fires have broken out in Brazil, _____ much of the rainforest.

A. having endangered

B. endangers

C. endangered

D. endangering

24. When a bird spots a hunter, _____ just flying away, it calls out in alarm and warns other birds.

A. regardless of

B. other than

C. instead of

D. rather than

25. China has _____ ef forts to promote “red tourism" featuring visits to sites with significance of revolutionary history.

A. taken up

B. stepped up

C. brought up

D. made up

26. At the website Word Spy, fappy , __ is short for fat and happy, is defined as overweight and happy with one's life.

A. where

B. when

C. what

D. which

27. Taiwanese actor Godfrey Gao _____ an evening variety show when he suddenly collapsed, which saddened thousands of his fans.

A. had filmed

B. was filming

C. had been filmed

D. was filmed

28. Credits in Advanced Placement classes can greatly help students gain ______ to competitive schools.

A. privilege

B. distinction

C. currency

D. admission

29. Alcohol is classified as a downer, and _____ it is legal, it can damage the liver if consumed in large quantities.

A. because

B. unless

C. although

D. until

30. ---It seems that nothing can ______ from her mind the memory of the war.

---Poor Anna!

A. cure

B. claim

C. erase

D. ease

31. The combination of economic and career opportunities and sponsorship for studying abroad is _____ lies behind the reversal of China's brain drain.

A. that

B. what

C. where

D. why

32. If we teach today's children with yesterday's _____ teaching method, we'll rob them of tomorrow.

A. confidential

B. commercial

C. conventional

D. conditional

33. ---Frozen II was on show on November 22nd，2019.

---Had it not been for the fact that I _____ tired out, I would have gone to see it that night.

A. was

B. were

C. am

D. had been

34. How fantastic his spoken English is! He_____ abroad for several years.

A. may stay

B. must have stayed

C. can stay

D. must have been staying

35. --- I am worm out after working so long.

---Me, too. It's time to _____.

A. call it a day

B. pull my leg

C. fly off the handle

D. kill the fatted calf

第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)

请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Most stories of kindness do not begin with a Marvel movie superstar. Mine 36 . It was at a garden party for the ACLU. I was 37 my grandmother to the event. When Robert Downey arrived, in a gorgeous cream-colored suit, my grandmother shrugged, far more interested in 38 her paper plate with cheese. He wasn't Cary Grant or Gregory Peck. What did she 39 ?

After the speeches 40 with thanks, we stood up to make our exit. But as she rose, my grandmother 41 and fell into the wheelchair ramp (坡道) that provided the disabled with 42 to the stage. The wheelchair ramps had 43 edges, which sliced her leg right open. The blood was 44 . I put my head 45 my knees because I thought I was going to faint (昏倒). 46 ，somebody took control of the situation. That person was Robert Downey.

He ordered someone to call a(n) 47 . He took off his gorgeous suit, 48 his sleeves, and grabbed my grandmother's leg. Then he took the suit, which I'd - 49 he'd taken of only to get it 50 and he tied it around her wound. I watched the suit turn red with her 51 ，He knew how to speak to her, 52 her, and---most critically---play to her vanity (虚荣心). He told her how beautiful her legs were. He stayed with her until the ambulance came.

Believe it or not, I hurried into the ambulance without a word. I was too 53 and too shy to thank him. We all have things we wish we'd said, moments we'd like to revisit and re-experience. Rarely do we get that chance to 54 those times when words completely 55 us.

36. A. is B. does C. has D. will

37. A. driving B. sending C. accompanying D. inviting

38. A. packing B. piling C. providing D. equipping

39. A. care B. need C. like D. ignore

40. A. started B. paused C. closed D. concluded

41. A. tripped B. shook C. jumped D. dashed

42. A. admission B. access C. way D. path

43. A. sharp B. vague C. abrupt D. flat

44. A. amazing B. thrilling C. shocking D. relieving

45. A. in B. over C. off D. between

46. A. Naturally B. Undoubtedly C. Eventually D. Luckily

47. A. doctor B. organizer C. ambulance D. taxi

48. A. lifted up B. brought up C. rolled up D. put up

49. A. assumed B. hoped C. assured D. confirmed

50. A. in the way B. out of the way C. on the way D. by the way

51. A. wound B. scar C. stain D. blood

52. A. amuse B. please C. distract D. disappoint

53. A. embarrassed B. dizzy C. ambiguous D. arbitrary

54. A. catch up with B. make up for C. put up with D. make use of

55. A. forgot B. escaped C. lost D. failed

第三部分阅读理解(共15 小题:每小题2分，满分30分)

请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

The Lion king musical theatre tickets in London

Read our original review of The Lion King

It’s one of the most beloved Disney films of all time, and for last two decades it’s been one of the main events of London’s West End. The magical, family-friendly stage version of The Lion King has been reigning supreme at the Lyceum Theatre since 1999, and shows no signs of quietening its roar.

If you’ve not seen the classic Disney film, that’s close to sacrilege - but don’t worry, we can fill you in. a young cub called Simba tries to come to terms with the cruel death of his father Mufasa, at the same time as learning abou t the responsibilities of adulthood and his destiny as a king. It’s a bit like Hamlet, but with singing animals(and a happier ending).

The musical is a must-see for any Londoner, whether you call the capital home or are just here for the weekend. The stunning visuals are pretty breathtaking whatever your age, but ingenious puppetry and intricate masks recreate the animal kingdom of Africa in a spectacle that your little lion clubs will never forget.

Did you know? Julie Taymor, the shows director, created a number of puppets and masks for the show. She used many different styles, but had one rule: the performer should never be hidden by the device so the audience could see the humanity of the characters as well as what each performer was technically capable of.

Where? Lyceum Theatre, 21 Wellington Street, WC2E 7RQ. Nearest underground stations are: Charing Cross, Covent Garden, Embankment, Leicester Square, Holborn and Temple.

Performance dates and times: The Lion King is currently booking until September 30, 2019. Performances are Tuesday-Sunday, with matinees at 2.30 p.m. on Wednesday, Saturday and Sunday, and evening performances at 7.30 p.m.(not Sunday). The running time of the show is two and a half hours with an interval.

56. Where might this text probably come from?

A. A biography.

B. A science fiction.

C. A history book.

D. A magazine.

57. How does the writer try to trick the readers into buying the ticket?

A. By giving details of the review.

B. By introducing a famous director.

C. By providing many time choices.

D. By showing the convenient transportation.

B

These young men were a different kind of prisoner from those we had seen before. They were brave, hostile and aggressive they would not take orders, and shouted “Amandla!” at every opportu nity. Their instinct was to confront rather than cooperate. The authorities①did not know how to handle them, and they turned the island upside down. During the Rivonia Trial, I remarked to a security policeman that if the government did not reform itself, the freedom fighters who would take our place②would some day make the authorities miss us. That day had indeed come on Robben Island.

In these young men we saw the angry revolutionary spirit of the times. I had had some warning. On a visit with Winnie a few months before, she had managed to tell me through our coded conversation that there was a rising class of discontented youths③who were violent and Africanist in beliefs. She said they were changing the nature of the struggle and that I should be aware of them.

The new prisoners were shocked by what they considered the inhuman conditions of the island, and said that they could not understand how we could live in such a way. We told them that they should have seen the island in 1964. But they were almost as sceptical of us as they were of the authorities. They chose to ignore our calls for discipline and thought our advice weak and unassertive(不果断).

It was obvious that they regarded us, the Rivonia Trialists④, as moderates⑤. After so many years of being branded a radical revolutionary, to be seen as a moderate was a novel and not altogether pleasant feeling. I knew that I could react in one of two ways: I could scold them for their disrespect or I could listen to what they were saying. I chose the latter.

Then some of these men, such as Strini Moodley of the South African Students Organization and Saths Cooper of the Black People’s Convention, came into our section, _________.

Shortly after their arrival on the island, the commanding officer came and asked me as a favour to address the young men. He wanted me to tell them to behave themselves, to recognize the fact that they were in prison and to accept the discipline of prison life. I told him that I was not prepared to do that. Under the circumstances, they would have regarded me as a follower of the authorities.

(—adapted from “Long walk to freedom: The autobiography of Nelson Mandela”)

58. We may infer from the passage all of the following EXCEPT that ___________.

A. an angry massive revolution was probably on its way

B. these young men were willing to cooperate in face of difficulties

C. many were concerned about the influence these young men could make

D. the author’s activities were strictly monitored

59. One sentence is missing in the blank of the pass age regarding the author’s following reactions.Which of the following reactions do you think he would have?

A. I tried to calm them down and talked them into behaving.

B. I reported to the officers about their dissatisfaction.

C. I asked them to tell us about their movement and beliefs.

D. I just turned a deaf ear to the young men.

60. Several phrases have been underlined and numbered in the passage; which two of them actually refer to

the same people?

A. ①②

B. ②③

C. ③④

D. ⑤①

C

The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational(理性的)model of first clarifying goals, assessing the problem, formulating options, estimating likelihoods of success, making a decision, and only then taking action to carry out the decision. Rather, in their day-by-day tactical maneuvers(战术动作), these senior executives rely on what is vaguely termed intuition(直觉)to manage a network of interrelated problems that require them to deal with ambiguity, inconsistency, novelty, and surprise; and to integrate action into the process of thinking.

Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicing managers rely heavily on intuition. In general, however, such writers display a poor grasp of what intuition is. Some see it as the opposite of rationality; others view it as an excuse for capriciousness(变化无常).

Isenberg’s recent research on the cognitive processes of senior managers reveals that managers’ intuition is neither of these. Rather, senior managers use intuition in at least five distinct ways. First,they intuitively sense when a problem exists. Second, managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned behavior patterns rapidly. This intuition is not arbitrary or irrational, but is based on years of painstaking practice and hands-on experience that build skills. A third function of intuition is to combine isolated bits of data and practice into an integrated picture. Fourth, some managers use intuition as a check on the results of more rational analysis. Most senior executives are familiar with the formal decision analysis models and tools, and those who use such systematic methods for reaching decisions are occasionally alert of solutions suggested by these methods which run counter to their sense of the correct course of action. Finally, managers can use intuition to bypass in-depth analysis and move rapidly to engender a plausible solution. Used in this way, intuition is an almost instantaneous cognitive process in which a manager recognizes familiar patterns.

One of the implications of the intuitive style of executive management is that thinking is inseparable from acting. Since managers often know what is right before they can analyze and explain it, they frequently act first and explain later. Analysis is tightly tied to action in thinking-acting cycles, in which managers develop thoughts about their companies and organizations not by analyzing a problematic situation and then acting, but by acting and analyzing in close concert.

Given the great uncertainty of many of the management issues that they face, senior managers often instigate(发起)a course of action simply to learn more about an issue. They then use the results of the action to develop a more complete understanding of the issue. One implication of thinking-acting cycles is that action is often part of defining the problem, not just of implementing the solution.

61. Which of the following best describes the organization of the first paragraph?

A. An claim is made and a specific supporting example is given.

B. A conventional model is dismissed and an alternative introduced.

C. The results of recent research are introduced and summarized.

D. Two opposing points of view are presented and evaluated.

62. Which of the following does the passage suggest about the writers on management mentioned in paragraph 2?

A. They have criticized managers for not following the classical rational model of decision analysis.

B. They have not based their analyses on a sufficiently large sample of actual managers.

C. They have misunderstood how managers use intuition in making business decisions.

D. They have drawn their conclusions on what managers say rather than on what managers do.

63. According to the text, senior managers use intuition in all of the following ways EXCEPT to .

A. define clear goals

B. identify a problem

C. bring together diverse facts

D. speed up the creation of a solution to a problem

64. Which of the following statements does the passage support?

A. Managers cannot justify their intuitive decisions

B. Managers’ intuition works contrary to their rational and analytical skills.

C. Intuition enables managers to employ their practical experience more efficiently.

D. Managers relying on intuition are more successful than those relying on formal decision analysis.

D

Some of the greatest moments in human history were fueled by emotional intelligence. When Martin Luther King. Jr. presented his dream, he chose language that would stir the hearts of his audience. Delivering this electrifying(震撼性的)message required emotional intelligence—the ability to recognize, understand, and manage emotions.

Emotional intelligence has been highly recommended by leaders, policymakers, and educators as the solution to a wide range of social problems. If we can teach our children to manage emotions, the argument goes, we’ll have less bullying and more cooperation. If we can cultivate emotional intelligence among leaders and doctors, we’ll have more caring workplaces and more compassionate healthcare.

Emotional intelligence is important, but the uncontrolled enthusiasm has obscured(掩盖)a dark side. New evidence shows that when people sharpen their emotional skills, they become better at manipulating(把持)others. When you’re good at controlling your own emotions, you can hide your true feelings. W hen you know what others are feeling, you can motivate them to act against their own best interests.

Social scientists have begun to document this dark side of emotional intelligence. In a research led by University of professor Jochen Menges, when a leader gave an inspiring speech filled with emotion. the audience was less likely to scrutinize(细察)the message and remembered of the content. Ironically(讽刺的是)audience members were so moved by the speech that they claimed to recall more of it.

The authors call this the awestruck effect, but it might just as easily be described as the dumbstruck effect. One observer reflected that Hitler’s persuasive impact came from his ability to strategically express emotions—he would "ear open his heart—and these emotions affected his followers to the point that they would"stop thinking critically and just emote.”

Leaders who master emotions can rob us of our capacities to reason. If their values are out of step with our own. the results can be destructive. New evidence suggests that when people have self-serving motives(动机), emotional intelligence becomes a weapon for manipulating others. In a study led by the University of Toronto psychologist Stephane Cote, university employees filled out a survey about their Machiavellian(不择手段的)tendencies, and took a test measuring their knowledge about effective strategies for managing emotions. Then, Cote’s team assessed how often the employees deliberately undermined(逐渐削弱)their colleagues. The employees involved in the most harmful behaviors were Machiavellians with high emotional intelligence. They used their emotional skills to lower the dignity of their peers for personal gain.

Shining a light on this dark side of emotional intelligence is one mission of a research team led University College London professor Martin Kilduff. According to these experts, emotional intelligence helps people disguise(伪装)one set of emotions while expressing another for personal Professor Kiiduit’s team writes,""The strategic disguise of one’s own emotions and the manipulation of others’ emotions for strategic ends are behaviors evident not only on Shakespeare’s stage but also in the offices and corridors where power and influence are traded.”

Of course, people aren’t always using emotional intelligence for nefarious ends. More often than not, emotional skills are simply instrumental tools for goal accomplishment. A research team discovered that founder

Anita Roddick used emotional intelligence to inspire her employees fundraise for charity. As Roddick explained, "Whenever particular project we always tried to break their hearts we wanted to persuade our staff to support a particular project we always tried to break their hearts.”

There is growing recognition that emotional intelligence--like any skill--can be used for good or evil. So if we’re going to teach emotional intelligence in schools and develop it at work, we need to consider the values that go along with it and where it’s actually useful.

65. Why does the author mention Martin Luther King, Jr?

A. To honor the great leader for his courage.

B. To recommend his speech to other leaders.

C. To impress the readers with a major topic.

D. To advocate a society with fewer problems.

66. Which of the following belongs to a dark side of emotional intelligence?

A. Developing the capability to control one’s own emotion.

B. Inducing people to do what brings disadvantages to them.

C. Appealing to the audience to concentrate and remember more.

D. Encouraging the moved audience to a more of the speech.

67. What is the du mbstruck effect of Hitler’s emotional intelligence?

A. His followers would tear open their hearts to him.

B. His followers would express emotions strategically.

C. His followers would lose the ability to reason properly.

D. His followers would develop the self-serving motives.

68. How do people use their emotional intelligence for personal gain?

A. They disguise their emotions to earn others’ trust.

B. They help their colleagues to build up confidence.

C. They present their strategic behaviors on the stage.

D. They lower their own dignity to gain popularity.

69. Which may mean the same as the underlined word in Paragraph 8?

A. Immoral.

B. Unimportant.

C. Illegal.

D. Uncontrollable.

70. What would be the best title for the passage?

A. The benefits of emotional intelligence.

B. The ways of disguising one’s emotions.

C. The reasons for using emotional skills.

D. The dark side of emotional intelligence

第二卷(非选择题，共35分)

第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意：每个空格只填1个单词.请将答案写在答题纸上相应题号的横线上。

About Nutritional Supplementation(补充)

Today, we know that the role of vitamins and minerals goes way beyond the prevention of deficiency diseases(维生素缺乏症)to actually preventing cancer and heart disease, the most fearsome killers of our time. With this knowledge has come the widespread call for nutritional supplementation—and a confusing group of vitamin, mineral, and supplements lining the supermarket shelves.

Far from contributing to better health, however, nutritional supplements threaten to turn a scientific breakthrough into a nutritional disaster.

Promoters of vitamins and minerals—especially Vitamins A, C, and E—would have consumers believe that the little vitamin pill in the bottle is all they need for good health. Take your vitamins in the morning, and you’re covered. It’s okay to eat fast foods for the rest of the day or skip meals to achieve today’s fashionably skinny look.

But vitamins and minerals are only one part of the nutritional puzzle. A diet rich in fiber(纤维)and balanced in carbohydrates and protein is essential for good health. You can’t get these things from a nutritional supplement. The focus on vitamin and mineral supplements may actually be robbing us of the full nutrition we seek.

And no supplement can compare to the quality of nutrition found in natural sources. For example, our bodies turn carotenes(胡萝卜素)from plant foods into Vitamin A. Many supplements contain a single carotene, but natural sources are rich in many different carotenes. Many supplements contain a form of Vitamin E that is made from chemicals, when natural Vitamin E is more readily absorbed and used by the body. And science is still discovering the wealth of nutrients in foods.

But perhaps the greatest danger presented by nutritional supplements comes from the very real risks presented by self medication. Anyone can walk into the market and buy as many different supplements as desired. The reported benefits of high dosages of certain nutrients have led some people to believe that the more the better. Many take several vitamin and mineral supplements without regard to possible consequences.

A surprising new research suggests that Vitamin C pills may speed up hardening of the arteries, the underlying cause of heart attacks. Researchers said their findings support the recommendations of health organizations, which urge people to avoid high doses of supplements and to get their nutrients from food instead.

As appealing as they’re made to sound, nutritional supplements are danger in disguise.If you’re looking fo r good health, don’t look on the supplement shelves of your supermarket. Look in the produce section instead.

第五部分书面表达(满分25分)

请阅读下面文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。

The film Better Days is bringing attention to school bullying (欺凌). It's a topic that few Chinese movies

have talked about before. The movie is adapted from the Web novel Young and Beautiful. It tells the story of a high school student Chen Nian, who is bullied on campus and later gets caught up in a murder case. The movie, starring Zhou Dongyu and Jackson Yee, was a hit, bringing new attention to real-life bullying. Since last year, China has approved the detention (批准建梢) of 3,407 students for bullying and charged 5750, according to the data provided by the Supreme People's Procuratorate (最高人民检察院) in May. However, it is not easy to solve this problem. As Chinese sociologist Li Yinbe wrote on Sina Weibo, the movie shows how complex social situations can be for teenagers. Schools, teachers, parents, police and the government must work together to end bullying.

【写作内容】

1.用约30词概括上文主要内容:

2.用约120词发表你的观点，内容包括:

(1)校园欺凌的危害(至少两点) : (2) 你对改变这一现象的建议(至少两点)。

【写作要求】

1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句;

2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称:

3.不必写标题。

【评分标准】

内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。