高中英语语法不用被动语态的情况2讲课稿

高中英语语法不用被动语态的情况2

不用被动语态的情况

一、不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态：

常见的不及物动词：appear, die disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand

break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place.

比较：rise, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。

(错) The price has been risen. (对)

. (错) The accident was happened last week.(对)

(错) The price has raised.(对)

(错) Please seat. (对)

(错)After the fire, nothing was remained.(对)

要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。

二、不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语

有一些及物动词，尽管他们的后面跟了宾语，但是也不能用于被动语态：fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to

例：This key just fits the lock. Your story agrees with what had already been heard.

(错)The room was entered by her just now.(对)

(错)The queue was jumped by Tom. (对)

(错)He isn’t agreed with by me. (对)

三、系动词无被动语态：

常用的系动词有：1、状态类 2、状态保持不变 3、状态改变

4、与感官有关的

5、好象

6、结果类的

例：It sounds good.

The building looks very beautiful. Your idea proved to be wrong.

四、带同源宾语的及物动词，宾语为反身代词，相互代词或者不定式，不能用于被动语态：die, death, dream, live这几个动词常跟同源宾语。

例：She dreamed a bad dream last night. We live a happy life.

I taught myself French. They love each other. She likes to swim.

五、主动形式表示被动意义

1)wash, clean, cook, iron, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell, drive等动词后面有程度副词修饰…

The book sells well.这本书销路好。 This knife cuts easily.这刀子很好用。

2) 在need, require, want,deserve后的可用动名词主动形式表达被动含义。形容词worth后必须跟doing

The door needs repairing.= The door needs to be repaired.

This room needs cleaning. = .

The house wants painting.= .

The floor requires washing= .

This book is worth reading. His suggestion is worth considering. This clock is hardly worth repairing.

4) 特殊结构：make sb. heard / understood (使别人能听见/理解自己)，have sth. done ( 要某人做某事)。

六、被动形式表示主动意义

be determined, be pleased, be graduated (from), be finished, be prepared (for), be occupied (in), get marries

例：He is graduated from a famous university.

注意：表示同某人结婚，用marry sb. 或get married to sb. 都可。

He married a rich girl. He got married to a rich girl.

1. —Have you moved into the new house? —Not yet. The rooms __________.

A. are being painted

B. are painting

C. are painted

D. are being painting

2. Great changes __________ in China since 1978.

A. have taken place

B. took place

C. have been taken place

D. were taken place

3.The war_____in 1937.