【总结】浙大外国语言学与应用语言学英语语言文学真题及答案

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浙江大学英美文学考研真题及参考答案(2007～2008)【圣才出品】

浙江大学英美文学考研真题及参考答案（2007～2008）浙江大学2008年英美文学考研真题考试科目：英语语言与文学I. Name authors and literary forms of the following works. (10 items, 1 point for each, 10 in all)1. T ender is the Night【答案】Scott Fitzgerald, novel【解析】《夜色温柔》是美国“迷惘的一代”的代表作家菲茨杰拉德的长篇小说。

2. The Rites of Passage【答案】William Golding，novel【解析】《通过仪式》是诺贝尔奖获得者、十九世纪英国小说家威廉·戈尔丁的一篇日记体小说。

3. The Rainbow【答案】David Herbert Lawrence, novel【解析】《彩虹》是英国作家劳伦斯的一部小说。

4. My Last Duchess【答案】Robert Browning, poem【解析】《我已故的公爵夫人》是英国诗人罗伯特·布朗宁的一首采用戏剧独白形式的诗歌。

5. Frederick Douglass【答案】Frederick Douglass, autobiography【解析】《道格拉斯自述》是美国黑人文学的先驱弗雷德里克·道格拉斯的一部自传。

6. The House of the Seven Gables【答案】Nathaniel Hawthorne，novel【解析】《七个尖角的阁楼》是美国作家纳撒尼尔·霍桑的小说。

7. The T empest【答案】William Shakespeare, comedy【解析】《暴风雨》是英国剧作家威廉·莎士比亚的最后一部戏剧。

8. The Negro on the Narcissus【答案】Joseph Conrad, novel【解析】《水仙号上的黑家伙》是英国小说家康拉德的一部小说。

外国语言学及应用语言学(英语)

外国语言学及应用语言学（英语）、英语语言文学专业硕士研究生培养方案及课程简介（2010年6月修订）一、培养目标和要求为了迎接新世纪的挑战，为了贯彻“科教兴国”的战略思想，为了现代化建设的需要，英语专业研究生项目按照国家教育部对文科应用类研究生培养目标和要求，确定其整体培养方案和具体的课程设置。

本专业将坚持德智体全面发展的教育方针，坚持按照外交学院的校训，对研究生实施政治思想、专业知识和语言技能的综合培养，为外交部和其他部委或涉外部门培养和输送高层次、复合式、外向型高级人才，他们应该既能够胜任具体的业务性工作，又能够进行调研和科研工作，完成不同级别的研究课题，产生高质量的调研报告或科研论文。

为此，对本专业研究生的要求如下：1.在政治思想上坚持四项基本原则，拥护党的改革开放方针路线，决心努力学习，提高自己的综合素质，为我国的强盛、社会主义事业的发达贡献自己的力量和聪明才智。

2.具有扎实的英语基础，高于一般的口语和文字表达能力。

3.掌握有关的专业知识。

4.掌握调研报告或科研论文的写作方法。

5.熟练地掌握一门第二外国语。

6.身体和心理健康。

二、研究方向1. 外国语言学与应用语言学〖翻译理论与实践〗（学科代码：050215）2.英语语言文学〖美国研究〗（学科代码：050201）三、学习年限外国语言学与应用语言学和英语语言文学两个二级学科的英语（翻译理论与实践和美国研究）专业学习年限均为三年，其中前两年为学习专业课程时间，第三年为论文撰写时间。

四、学分要求外国语言学与应用语言学（翻译理论与实践）和英语语言文学（美国研究）专业均要求修满49学分，其中必修课36学分，选修课12学分，实习1学分（在校期间担任助教满72学时，或利用假期参加社会实践活动满一个月，写出实习书面报告，有实习单位鉴定认可的，计1学分）。

每个学生在本方向选修课内修满12学分后，可以在另一方向中选修1-2门课程。

五、课程设置为实现上述人才培养目标和要求，除了根据教育部要求安排的公共课程外，两个专业方向还设置以下专业课程：1.外国语言学与应用语言学〖翻译理论与实践方向〗●必修课高级英译汉（I）高级汉译英（I）高级英译汉（II）高级汉译英（II）高级英语口译（外交）高级英语口译（文化）高级英语口译（经贸）高级英中视译●选修课英国文学美国文学普通语言学翻译理论话语分析西方文论同声传译实践翻译研究方法论互文性与翻译研究2.英语语言文学〖美国研究方向〗●必修课高级英译汉（I）高级汉译英（I）高级英译汉（II）高级汉译英（II）高级英语口译（外交）高级英语口译（文化）高级英语口译（经贸）高级英中视译●选修课美国外交政策国际关系：理论与实践外交与法律美国族群问题研究美国法律与司法体系美国历史专题研究同声传译实践社会科学研究方法论六、教学与培养方式1.言传身教、教书育人是教师之天职，师德之体现。

英语语言学试卷精粹及答案(10套题)

有答案的第一部分选择题41、Explain how the inventory of sounds can change, giving some examples inEnglish for illustration.42、Briefly discuss the individual factors which affect the acquisition ofa second language.英语语言学试题（2）五、论述题(每小题10分，共20分)36.Paraphrase each of the following sentences in two different ways to show the syntactic rules account for the ambiguity of sentences.(1)The shooting of the hunters might be terrible.(2)He saw young men and women present.(3)They were surprised at the president's appointment.37.Decide the meaning of the following affixes and give each affix two examples.re-un-anti-super--wise-itis-ize-age英语语言学试题（3）Ⅴ.Answer the following questions.(10%×2=20%)41.Explain with examples the three notions of phone, phoneme and allophone, and also how they are related.英语语言学试题（5）五、论述题(第41、42小题各7分，第43小题6分，共20分)41. Under what conditions will two sounds be assigned to the same phoneme?42. For the following sentence, draw a tree diagram to reveal its underlying structure.The girl ate the orange.43. Study the passage taken from Shakespeare’s HAMLET below carefully and identify every difference in expression between Elizabethan and Modern English that is evident.King: Where is Polonius?Hamlet: In heaven, Send thither to see.If your messenger find him not there,seek him i’ the other place yourself.But indeed, if you find him not withinthis month, you shall nose him as yougo up the stairs into the lobby.Act IV, Scene iii英语语言学试题（6）41. The phonological features that occur above the level of individual sounds are called suprasegmental features. Discuss the main suprasegmental features, illustrating withexamples how they function in the distinction of meaning.42. Explain and give examples to show in what way componential analysis is similar to the analysis of phonemes into distinctive features.英语语言学试题（7）五、论述题（每小题10分，共20分）1. Comment on the following conversation in terms of Grice’s Cooperative Principle:A: Where’ve you been?B: Out.2. Analyse the following words and show how many morphemes each of them contains:specialize , indisputable, individualistic, downfall, unexceptionableness, ungentlemanliness(每个语素0. 5分)英语语言学试题（8）语言学试题)41.Why do we say tree diagrams are more advantageous and informative than linear structure in analyzing the constituent relationship among linguistic elements? Support your statement with examples.42.Describe the process of language perception, comprehension and production英语语言学试题（9）语言学试题及参考答案41. Explain sociological triggers for language change by giving a typical example in the history of English.42. Explain briefly the four main individual learner factors that affect a learner's acquisition of a second language.语言学试题参考答案一、单项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）1、C2、C3、D4、D5、D6、B7、B8、C9、A 10、D二、填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）11、knowledge12、bilabial13、morphology14、sentence15、complete16、representatives17、coinage18、delete19、critical20、interlanguage三、判断改错题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）21、FActually modern linguistics lays more emphasis on the spoken form of language than the written form for a number of reasons.22、FVoicing distinguishes meaning in English but not in Chinese.23、FThe meaning of some compound words has nothing to do with the sum total of the meanings of their components, such as the compound "redcoat".24、FApart from S and C, they also refer to a word, or aphrase that performs a particular grammatical function.25、FDialectal synonyms can often be found not only in different regional dialects such as British English and American English but also within the variety itself. For example, within British English, "girl" is called "lassie" in Scottish dialect, and "liquor" is called "whishey" in Irish dialect.26、T27、T28、FThey have a fairly clear fairly clear functional differentiation, i.e. one language may be used in some domains, other language in other domains.29、FThe true statement is "According to the strong version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, language determinesspeakers' perceptions and patterns their way of life"30、T四、名词解释题（本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分）31、One of the major defining features of human language. Human language consists of two levels. At the lower level, there are a limited number of sounds which are meaningless while at the higher level there are an unlimited number of combinations of these sounds. It is also known as double articulation.32、Linguistics that studies language over a period of time, also known as historical linguistics, e.g.the study of the Chinese language since the end of the Qing dynasty up to the present.33、A way to transcribe speech sounds. The basic principle is to use one letter to indicate one sound. It is generally used in dictionaries and language teachingtextbooks.34、The rules that govern which affix can be added to what type of stem to form a new word, e.g.-ly can be added to a noun to form an adjective.35、a rewrite rule that allows for the possible combinations of words to form phrases and sentences36、Relational opposites, a kind of antonyms, refer to pairs of words that exhibit the reversal of a relationship between the two items. For example, "husband" and "wife", "father" and "son" etc.37、Componential analysis is a way proposed by the structural semanticists to analyze word meaning. The approach is based upon the belief that the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components, called semantic features. For example, the word "man" is analyzed as comprising of +HUMAN,+ADULT,+ANIMATE,+MALE.38、Context is regarded as constituted by all kinds of knowledge assumed to be shared by the speaker and the hearer, For example, the knowledge of the language used and the knowledge of the world, including the general knowledge about the world and the specific knowledge about the situation in which linguistic communication is taking place.39、A euphemism is a mild, indirect or less offensive word or expression that replaces a taboo word or serves to avoid more direct wording that might be harsh, unpleasantly direct, or offensive, e.g. "pass away" for "die".40、Brain lateralization refers to the localization of cognitive and perceptual functions in a particular hemisphere of the brain. For example, the right hemisphere processes stimuli more holistically and the left hemisphere more analytically. In most people, the left hemisphere has primary responsibility for language, while the right hemisphere controls visual and spatial skills.五、论述题（本大题共2小题，每小题10分，共20分）41、The inventory of sounds can change, and sound changes include changes in vowel sounds, sound loss, sound addition, and sound movement.1) Vowel sound change: English has undergone the systematic and regular change in the vowel sounds, known as the Great Vowel shift which occurred at the end of the Middle English period and which involved seven long, or tense vowels. These changes led to one of the major discrepancies between the phonemic representations of words and morphemes, i.e. between pronunciation and the spelling system of Modern English, e.g.five→/fi:v/(Middle English)→/faiv/(Modern English)2) Sound loss: Sounds can change by the loss of phonemes. In the history of English the velar fricative /x/ was lost. This sound existed in Old English, so "night" was pronounced as /nixt/, but in Modern English, its pronunciation is /nait/.3) Sound addition: Sound addition includes the gain orinsertion of a sound. For example, the word leisure was borrowed from French, so the phoneme /3/ was added to the inventory of English sounds. A change that involves the insertion of a consonant or vowel sound to the middle of a word is known as epenthesis,e.g.spinle--spindle.4) Sound movement: Sound change as a result of sound movement known as metathesis involves a reversal in position of two adjoining sound segments. Metathesis is less common, but it does exist. In some dialects of English, for example, the word ask is pronounced /? ks/. Also, bridd ("bird") is an Old English word. When metathesis occurred to this word, the movement of /r/ sound to the right of the vowel sound resulted in its Modern English counterpart "bird".评分标准：满分为10分，总论及四小点各占2分。

英语语言学试卷精粹及答案

英语语言学试卷精粹及答案(10套题)(总31页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--有答案的第一部分选择题41、Explain how the inventory of sounds can change, giving some examples inEnglish for illustration.42、Briefly discuss the individual factors which affect the acquisition of a second language.英语语言学试题（2）五、论述题(每小题10分，共20分)each of the following sentences in two different ways to show the syntactic rules account for the ambiguity of sentences.(1)The shooting of the hunters might be terrible.(2)He saw young men and women present.(3)They were surprised at the president's appointment.the meaning of the following affixes and give each affix two examples. re- un- anti- super- -wise -itis -ize -age英语语言学试题（3）Ⅴ.Answer the following questions.(10%×2=20%)with examples the three notions of phone, phoneme and allophone, and also how they are related.英语语言学试题（5）五、论述题(第41、42小题各7分，第43小题6分，共20分)41. Under what conditions will two sounds be assigned to the same phoneme42. For the following sentence, draw a tree diagram to reveal its underlying structure.The girl ate the orange.43. Study the passage taken from Shakespeare’s HAMLET below carefully and identify every difference in expression between Elizabethan and Modern English that is evident.King: Where is PoloniusHamlet: In heaven, Send thither to see.If your messenger find him not there,seek him i’ the other place yourself.But indeed, if you find him not withinthis month, you shall nose him as yougo up the stairs into the lobby.Act IV, Scene iii英语语言学试题（6）41. The phonological features that occur above the level of individual sounds are called suprasegmental features. Discuss the main suprasegmental features, illustrating with examples how they function in the distinction of meaning.42. Explain and give examples to show in what way componential analysis is similar to the analysis of phonemes into distinctive features.英语语言学试题（7）五、论述题（每小题10分，共20分）1. Comment on the following conversation in terms of Grice’s Cooperative Principle:A: Where’ve you been?B: Out.2. Analyse the following words and show how many morphemes each of them contains:specialize , indisputable, individualistic, downfall, unexceptionableness, ungentlemanliness(每个语素0. 5分)英语语言学试题（8）语言学试题)do we say tree diagrams are more advantageous and informative than linear structure in analyzing the constituent relationship among linguistic elements Support your statement with examples.the process of language perception, comprehension and production英语语言学试题（9）语言学试题及参考答案41. Explain sociological triggers for language change by giving a typical example in the history of English. 42. Explain briefly the four main individual learner factors that affect a learner's acquisition of a second language.语言学试题参考答案一、单项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）二、1、C 2、C 3、D 4、D 5、D三、6、B 7、B 8、C 9、A 10、D四、五、二、填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）六、七、11、knowledge八、12、bilabial九、13、morphology十、14、sentence十一、15、complete十二、16、representatives十三、17、coinage十四、18、delete十五、19、critical十六、20、interlanguage十七、十八、三、判断改错题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）十九、二十、21、F二十一、Actually modern linguistics lays more emphasis on the spoken form of language than the written form fora number of reasons.二十二、二十三、22、F二十四、Voicing distinguishes meaning in English but not in Chinese.二十五、二十六、23、F二十七、The meaning of some compound words has nothing to do with the sum total of the meanings of their components, such as the compound "redcoat".二十八、二十九、24、F三十、Apart from S and C, they also refer to a word, or a phrase that performs a particular grammatical function. 三十一、三十二、25、F三十三、Dialectal synonyms can often be found not only in different regional dialects such as British English and American English but also within the variety itself. Forexample, within British English, "girl" is called "lassie" in Scottish dialect, and "liquor" is called "whishey" in Irish dialect.三十四、三十五、26、T三十六、三十七、27、T三十八、三十九、28、F四十、They have a fairly clear fairly clear functional differentiation, . one language may be used in somedomains, other language in other domains.四十一、四十二、29、F四十三、The true statement is "According to the strong version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, languagedetermines speakers' perceptions and patterns their way of life"四十四、四十五、30、T四十六、四十七、四、名词解释题（本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分）四十八、四十九、31、One of the major defining features of human language. Human language consists of two levels. At the lower level, there are a limited number of sounds which are meaningless while at the higher level there are anunlimited number of combinations of these sounds. It is also known as double articulation.五十、五十一、32、Linguistics that studies language over a period of time, also known as historical linguistics, study of the Chinese language since the end of the Qingdynasty up to the present.五十二、五十三、33、A way to transcribe speech sounds. The basic principle is to use one letter to indicate one sound. It is generally used in dictionaries and language teachingtextbooks.五十四、五十五、34、The rules that govern which affix can be added to what type of stem to form a new word, can be added to a noun to form an adjective.五十六、五十七、35、a rewrite rule that allows for the possible combinations of words to form phrases and sentences五十八、五十九、36、Relational opposites, a kind of antonyms, refer to pairs of words that exhibit the reversal of arelationship between the two items. For example,"husband" and "wife", "father" and "son" etc.六十、六十一、37、Componential analysis is a way proposed by the structural semanticists to analyze word meaning. The approach is based upon the belief that the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components, called semantic features. For example, the word "man" isanalyzed as comprising of+HUMAN,+ADULT,+ANIMATE,+MALE.六十二、六十三、38、Context is regarded as constituted by all kinds of knowledge assumed to be shared by the speakerand the hearer, For example, the knowledge of thelanguage used and the knowledge of the world, including the general knowledge about the world and the specific knowledge about the situation in which linguisticcommunication is taking place.六十四、六十五、39、A euphemism is a mild, indirect or less offensive word or expression that replaces a taboo word or serves to avoid more direct wording that might beharsh, unpleasantly direct, or offensive, . "pass away" for "die".六十六、六十七、40、Brain lateralization refers to the localization of cognitive and perceptual functions in a particularhemisphere of the brain. For example, the righthemisphere processes stimuli more holistically and the left hemisphere more analytically. In most people, the left hemisphere has primary responsibility for language, while the right hemisphere controls visual and spatial skills.六十八、六十九、五、论述题（本大题共2小题，每小题10分，共20分）七十、七十一、41、The inventory of sounds can change, and sound changes include changes in vowel sounds, sound loss, sound addition, and sound movement.七十二、1) Vowel sound change: English has undergone the systematic and regular change in the vowel sounds, known as the Great Vowel shift which occurred at the end of the Middle English period and which involved sevenlong, or tense vowels. These changes led to one of themajor discrepancies between the phonemicrepresentations of words and morphemes, . betweenpronunciation and the spelling system of Modern English, /fi:v/(Middle English)→ /faiv/(Modern English)七十三、2) Sound loss: Sounds can change by the loss of phonemes. In the history of English the velar fricative /x/ was lost. This sound existed in Old English, so "night" was pronounced as /nixt/, but in Modern English, itspronunciation is /nait/.七十四、3) Sound addition: Sound addition includes the gain or insertion of a sound. For example, the wordleisure was borrowed from French, so the phoneme /3/ was added to the inventory of English sounds. A changethat involves the insertion of a consonant or vowel sound to the middle of a word is known as epenthesis,七十五、4) Sound movement: Sound change as a result of sound movement known as metathesis involves a reversal in position of two adjoining sound segments. Metathesis is less common, but it does exist. In some dialects ofEnglish, for example, the word ask is pronounced /七十六、 ks/. Also, bridd ("bird") is an Old English word.When metathesis occurred to this word, the movement of /r/ sound to the right of the vowel sound resulted in its Modern English counterpart "bird".七十七、评分标准：满分为10分，总论及四小点各占2分。

2007年浙江大学英语专业(英美文学)真题试卷.doc

2007年浙江大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷(总分：30.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、名词解释(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.The Red Badge of Courage（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.The Rivals（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.The Wings of the Dove（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.The Dynasts（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.O"Pioneers!（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.Tamburlaine（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.Dry September（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.A Psalm of Life（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.The Faerie Queene（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.Dangling Man（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________二、评论题(总题数：3，分数：6.00)11.Speak what you think now in hard words and tomorrow speak what tomorrow thinks in hard words again, though it contradicts everything you said today.—"All, so you shall be sure to be misunderstood." —Is it so bad then to be misunderstood? Pythagoras was misunderstood, and Socrates, and Jesus, and Luther, and Copernicus, and Galileo, and Newton, and every pure and wise spirit that ever took flesh. To be great is to be misunderstood.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 12.Is not a patron, my Lord, one who looks with unconcern on a man struggling for life in the water, and when he has reached ground, encumbers him with help? The notice which you have been pleased to take of my labors, had it been early, had been kind; but it has been delayed till I am indifferent, and cannot enjoy it; till I am solitary, and cannot impart it; till I am known, and do not want it. I hope it is no very cynical asperity not to confess obligation where no benefit has been received, or to be unwilling that the public should consider me as owing that to a patron which Providence has enabled me to do for myself.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 13.Oh Carrie, Carrie! Oh, blind strivings of the human heart! Onward, onward, it saith, and where beauty leads, there it follows. Whether it be the tinkle of a lone sheep bell o"er some quiet landscape, or the glimmer of beauty in sylvan places, or the show of soul in some passing eye, the heart knows and makes answer, following. It is when the feet weary and hope seems vain that the heartaches and the longings arise. Know, then, that for you is neither surfeit nor content. In your rocking-chair, by your widow dreaming, shall you long, along. In your rocking-chair, by your window, shall you dream such happiness as you may never feel.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________三、分析题(总题数：2，分数：4.00)14.Analyze the theme of the following poem. (Use at least three of the following elements develop and reinforce your analysis: diction, tone, image, figures of speech, symbols, irony, syntax, rhythm, rhyme) (15 points)Composed upon Westminster Bridge, September 3,1802William WordsworthEarth has not anything more to show more fair;Dull would he be of soul who could pass byA sight so touching in its majesty;This City now doth, like a garment, wearThe beauty of the morning; silent, bare,Ships, towers, domes, theatres, and temples lieOpen unto the fields, and to the sky;All bright and glittering in the smokeless air.Never did the sun more beautifully steepIn his first splendor, valley, rock, or hill;Ne"er saw I, never felt, a calm so deep!The river glideth at his own sweet will;Dear God! The very houses seem asleep;And all that mighty heart is lying still!（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 15.Choose one of the following authors and make a comment on any one of his/her literary works.(20 points)George Bernard Shaw Ralph Waldo Emerson Ezra Pound Doris Lessing（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________。

英语语言学试卷精粹及答案(Word最新版)

英语语言学试卷精粹及答案通过整理的英语语言学试卷精粹及答案相关文档，渴望对大家有所扶植，感谢观看！有答案的第一部分选择题I. Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A, B, C or D in the brackets. (2%×10=20%) 1、As modern linguistics aims to describe and analyze the language people actually use, and not to lay down rules for “correct“ linguistic behavior, it is said to be ___. A、prescriptive B、sociolinguistic C、descriptive D、psycholinguistic 2、Of all the speech organs, the ___ is/are the most flexible. A、mouth B、lips C、tongue D、vocal cords 3、The morpheme “vision“ in the common word “television“ is a(n) ___. A、bound morpheme B、bound form C、inflectional morpheme D、free morpheme 4、A ___ in the embedded clause refers to the introductory word that introduces the embedded clause. A、coordinator B、particle C、preposition D、subordinator主从连词5、“Can I borrow your bike?“ ___ “You have a bike.“ A、is synonymous with B、is inconsistent with C、entails D、presupposes 6、The branch of linguistics that studies how context influences the way speakers interpret sentences is called ___. A、semantics B、pragmatics C、sociolinguistics D、psycholinguistics 7、Grammatical changes may be explained, in part, as analogic changes, which are ___ or generalization泛化. A、elaboration B、simplification精简C、external borrowing D、internal borrowing 8、___ refers to a marginal language of few lexical items and straightforward grammatical rules, used as a medium of communication. A、Lingua franca通用语B、Creole C、Pidgin D、Standard language标准语言9、Psychologists, neurologists and linguists have concluded that, in addition to the motor area which is responsible for physical articulation of utterances, three areas of the left brain are vital to language, namely, ___ . A、Broca＇s area, Wernicke＇s area and the angular gyrus角回B、Broca＇s area, Wernicke＇s area and cerebral cortex C、Broca＇s area, Wernicke＇s area and neurons D、Broca＇s area, Wernicke＇s area and Exner＇s area 10、According to Krashen, ___ refers to the gradual and subconcious development of ability in the first language by using it naturally in daily communicative situations. A、learning B、competence C、performance D、acquisition 其次部分非选择题II. Directions:Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in One word only, and you are not allowed to change the letter given. (1%×10=10%) 11、Chomsky defines “competence“ as the ideal user＇s k of the rules of his language. 12、The four sounds /p/,/b/,/m/ and /w/have one feature in common, i.e, they are all b .13、M is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed. 14、A s is a structurally independent unit that usually comprises a number of words to form a completestatement, question or command. 15、Synonyms that are mutually substitutable under allcircumstances are called c synonyms. 16、The illocutionary point of r is to commit the speaker to something＇s being the case, to the truth of what has been said. 17、Words are created outright to fit some purpose. Such a method of enlarging the vocabulary is known as word c .18、Wherever the standard language can use a contraction (he+is→he＇s), Black English can d the form of “be“. 19、The basic essentials of the first language are acquired in the short period from about age two to puberty, which is called the c period for first language acquisition. 20、As a type of linguistic system in 12 learning, i is a product of L2 training, mother tongue intereference,overgeneralization of the target language rules, and learning and communicative strategies of the learner. III. Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false in the brackets in front of each statement. If you think a statement is false, you must explain why you think so and give the correct version. (2%×10=20%) ()21、In modern linguistic studies, the written form of language is given more emphasis than the spoken form for a number of reasons. ()22、Voicing is a phonological feature that distinguishes meaning in both Chinese and English. ()23、The compound word “bookstore“ is the place where books are sold. This indicates that the meaning of a compound is the sum total of the meanings of its components. ()24、Syntactic categories refer to sentences (S) and clauses (C) only. ()25、Dialectal synonyms can often be found in different regional dialects such as British English and American English but cannot be found within the variety itself, for example, within British English or American English. ()26、Only when a maxim under Cooperative Principle is blatantly violated and the hearer knows that it is being violated do conversational implicatures arise. ()27、The territory in which the Indo-European languages are mainly spoken today also includes languages that are not Indo-European.()28、In most bilingual communities, two languages have the same in speech situations known as domains. ()29、According to the strong version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, speakers＇perceptions determine language and pattern their way of life. ()30、All normal children have equal ability to acquire their first language. IV. Directions: Explain the following terms, using one or two examples for illustration. (3%×10=30%) 31、duality 32、diachronic linguistics 33、broad transcription 34、morphological rules 35、phrase structure rule 36、relational opposites 37、componential analysis 38、context 39、euphemism 40、brain lateralization V. Answer the following questions. (10%×2=20%) 41、Explain how the inventory of sounds can change, giving some examples in English for illustration. 42、Briefly discuss the individual factors which affect the acquisition of a second language. 英语语言学试题（2）一、单项选择题(在每小题的四个备选答案中，选出一个正确答案，并将正确答案的序号填在题干的括号内。

2021浙江大学外国语言学及应用语言学考研参考书真题经验

浙江大学——外国语言学及应用语言学本人现在在浙大就读外国语言学及应用语言学专业研究生，希望这些关于考这个专业的经验能够帮到学弟学妹们！先来介绍一下我们这个专业：外国语言学及应用语言学专业主要研究外语（主要是英语）的本质、结构和发展规律，分支主要有外语教学、二语习得、语用学、句法学、语义学、心理语言学、认知语言学、计算语言学。

在研究生阶段，研一主要是完成学业学分上的要求，研二研三主要是在自己的研究方向深入研究或者选择实习。

毕业之后可以选择继续深造在高校任教，也可在一些较好的高中任教或依据自己兴趣拓展就业方向。

至于为什么要考研，首先因为本人对于语言学非常的感兴趣，在本科的学习之后发现还有许多非常有趣但没有接触大的领域，想继续深入的学习；第二，考虑就业，若想将来成为一名老师（商务路线除外），那么语言专业的学生仅有本科学历的话不会有很大的竞争力，所以必须继续学习深造。

一、关于初试外国语言学专业一共考四门：政治、第二外语、以及两门专业课。

就浙大而言，两门专业课分别为语言学（包括一部分阅读理解）和翻译。

就浙大而言，外国语言学专业每年一共招约20名同学，其中有60%为推免生，即通过研究生入学考试进入浙大的每年最多只有10个名额，所以可想而知难度还是比较大的。

但是这点各有利弊，有利的方面是选择浙大语言学作为目标的同学不会太多，弊当然就是风险大，比较难考。

另外，就题目本身而言，难度并不是很大，确实比较难的题目大家都不太会，所以在复习这一块来说的话难度并不是很大，只要肯坚持就一定没问题。

下面分几个小点讲解一下复习的主要内容：1、参考书目政治不用说了，我的二外是德语，《大学德语》1,2册，姜爱红主编；全国名校外国语学院二外德语-考研真题详解（第3版）（中国石化出版社）；德语四级词汇语言学：胡壮麟《语言学教程》第四版；戴伟栋《简明语言学教程》翻译：陈刚《翻译学入门》、《旅游英汉互译》；Peter Newmark《翻译问题探讨》2、考试真题题型德语：选择题20题、选词填空题10题、阅读理解、翻译句子、作文（题量不大）。

[考研类试卷]2008年浙江大学英语专业(英美文学)真题试卷.doc

[考研类试卷]2008年浙江大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷一、匹配题1 Tender is the Night2 The Rites of Passage3 The Rainbow4 My Last Duchess5 Frederick Douglass6 The House of the Seven Gables7 The Tempest8 The Negro on the Narcissus9 Light in August10 Mourning Becomes Electra二、评论题11 What a lark! What a Plunge! For so it had always seemed to her, when, with little squeak of the hinges, which she could hear now, she had burst open the French windows and plunged at Bour-ton into the open air. How fresh, how calm, stiller than this of course, the air was in the early morning; like the flap of a wave; the kiss of a wave; chill and sharp and yet(for a girl of eighteen as she then was)solemn, feeling as she did, standing there at the open window, that something awful was about to happen; looking at the flowers; at the trees with the smoke winding off them and the rooks rising, falling; standing and looking until Peter Wash said, " Musing among the vegetables?"—was that it—"I prefer men to cauliflowers"—was that it?12 Could it be true? She clutched the child so fiercely to her breast, that it sent forth a cry; she turned her eyes downward at the scarlet letter, and even touched it with herfinger, to assure herself that the infant and the shame were real. Yes! —these were her realities, —all else had vanished!13 And yet the voices in the house, behind the sprays of mimosa and almond blossom, and from under the piles of iridescent cushions, simply trilled and screamed in a sort of ecstasy: " There must be more money! Oh-h-h; there must be more money. Oh, now, now-w! Now-w-w—there must be more money! —More than ever! More than ever!"14 Choose one of the following authors and make a comment on any one of his/her literary works.(20 points)Joseph Conrad D. H. LawrenceMark Twain Toni Morrison三、分析题15 Analyze the following poem.(15 points)Dover BeachMatthew ArnoldThe sea is calm tonight.The tide is full, the moon lies fairUpon the straits; —on the French coast the lightGleams and is gone; the cliffs of England stand,Glimmering and vast, out in the tranquil bay.Come to the window, sweet is the night-air!Only, from the long line of sprayWhere the sea meets the moon-blanched land,Listen! you hear the grating roarOf pebbles which the waves draw back, and fling,At their return, up the high strand,Begin, and cease, and then again begin,With tremulous cadence slow, and bringThe eternal note of sadness in.Sophocles long agoHeard it on the Aegean, and it broughtInto his mind the turbid ebb and flowOf human misery; weFind also in the sound a thought,Hearing it by this distant northern sea.The Sea of FaithWas once, too, at the full, and round earth' s shoreLay like the folds of a bright girdle furled.But now I only hearIts melancholy, long, withdrawing roar, Retreating, to the breathOf the night-wind, down the vast edges drear And naked shingles of the world.Ah, love, let us be trueTo one another! for the world, which seemsTo lie before us like a land of dreams,So various, so beautiful, so new,Hath really neither joy, nor love, nor light,Nor certitude, nor peace, nor help for pain;And we are here as on a darkling plainSwept with confused alarms of struggle and flight, Where ignorant armies clash by night.。

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【关键字】总结
总结：外国语与应用语言学：George Yule, “The study of language”(Second edition), Cambridge University Press, 1996；《语言学教程》胡壮麟主编，北大2001修订版；《新编简明英语语言学教程》戴纬栋、何兆熊著，上海外语教育出版社2002修订版。

英语翻译与写作：A Textbook of Translation，Peter Newmark，上海外语教育出版社，2001；《翻译学入门》(2011版)，陈刚，浙江大学出版社。

《旅游翻译与涉外导游》陈刚，中国对外翻译出版公司。

二外参照书目目俄语《俄语入门》上、下册，周鼎、徐振兴，北京外语教学与研究出版社，1993年；
日语《新编日语》（1、2册）周平等编，上海外语教学出版社；
德语《新编大学德语》（1-4册）朱建华，北京外语教学与研究出版社，2002年；
《大学德语》（1-4册）张书良、赵仲、顾世渊，高等教育出版社，1994年；
法语《新大学法语》（1-3册）李志清主编，高等教育出版社，2004年。

注意了，星火英语语言学考点精梳与精练考研的概念总结特别好，二外考法语的必备考研法语，现有所有考试的真题与答案，绝对真题，03-13年二外法语，翻译与写作，英语语言学，英美文学也有，去浙大玉泉校区买的，真心贵，现在可以低价转售，电子版拍的和复印版都ok哦QQ：2
要的话赶紧咯。

总结主要问题：
1、报考外语学院博士、硕士研究生，在哪里可以看到参照书目，能买到历年真题吗？
教育部规定各招生单位不再公布参照书目，我院博士硕士研究生入学考试也不再指定参照书目。

硕士研究生考生如果需要，可浏览外语学院——研究生教育——常用信息——2012年外语学院全日制硕士生招生目录（含参照书目），以原指定的参照书为参照。

现在浙大研究生院不再提供历年试题。

2、外语学院研究生招生有哪些类型？
外语学院研究生招生有全日制博士研究生(含英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、俄语语言文学、德语语言文学四个二级学科)、全日制科学学位硕士研究生、全日制专业学
位硕士研究生（英语笔译硕士研究生）、在职攻读专业硕士学位（教育硕士研究生）等类型。

博士研究生以一级学科（外国语言文学）招生，硕士研究生以各二级学科招生。

3、报考博士硕士研究生是否需要缴纳培养费？免试生也要缴纳吗？
从2014年起，博士硕士研究生（含免试生、统考生）都要缴纳培养费，硕士研究生8000元/年，博士研究生10000元/年。

学校设学业奖学金，与培养费等额。

研究生每学年
先交学费，而后申请学业奖学金。

研究生学业奖学金资助对象为所有全日制非在职研究生，具体以《浙江大学研究生学业奖学金管理办法》为准。

4、外语学院是否接收调剂生？
我院生源充足,不接收外校调剂生。

本院内相近学科是否调剂，将根据教育部的规定和初试各专业上线考生的数量而定。

5、全日制研究生历年报考和录取的比例大约多少？免试生人数与录取人数的比例有多少？
请浏览外语学院“研究生科”栏目中近年研究生招生录取公告，可以看出考试与录取的大概比例。

报考和录取的比例没有统计，也没有意义。

博士研究生，免试生约占40%-50%；科学学位硕士研究生和专业学位硕士研究生，免试生均约占60-70%。

6、全日制研究生的学制是几年？
全日制博士研究生（统考生）学制3.5年；
直接攻博学制5年；
硕博连读共5年；
全日制科学学位硕士研究生学制2.5年；
全日制专业学位硕士研究生（英语笔译)学制现为2年。

7、硕士研究生复试的形式如何？
复试以口试为主，部分专业可能增加简单的笔试，以招生目录上公布的形式为准。

科学学位硕士研究生复试阶段都要考二外听力，听力考试形式是听录音做题；英语笔译考英语听力，现场听答。

8、外国语言学及应用语言学专业与英语语言文学专业考试科目一样，考试内容是否一样，外国语言学及应用语言学专业要考文学吗？
两个专业初试时都考812“英语翻译与写作”和712“英美文学与语言学”两个科目。

712“英美文学与语言学”中有两组题，考生只需答本专业的一组题，外国语言学及应用语言学专业考生不考文学内容。

9、夜大、自考本科生能否报考外语学院全日制研究生？
有关全日制研究生报考资格，请咨询学校研究生院招生处（9）。

10、英语本科毕业生能报考外语学院哪些专业？
可报考英语语言文学（050201）或外国语言学及应用语言学（050211），也可报考英语笔译（055201）。

11、汉语国际教育专业现由哪个学院承办，报考问题向谁咨询？
汉语国际教育专业从2012级开始划归浙江大学传媒与国际文化学院管理，报考有
关事宜请向该院研究生科咨询，电话0。

12、英语专业是否允许非英语专业的本科毕业生报考？
允许报考，但要与英语专业的本科毕业生公平竞争，需要考二外。

13、教育硕士专业学位研究生报考条件如何，什么时候报名，什么时间授课，有没有专业课的样题？
教育硕士（学科教学.英语）面向中小学、幼儿园教师，报名条件见我校研究生院学位网页上的教育硕士招生简章，全国联考报名时间请咨询研究生院专业学位办（2）。

授课时间以寒暑假为主。

复试阶段考专业基础课“语言学与语言教学”和政治课，“语言学与语言教学”参照书及参照题型见外语学院网站“招生信息”栏目中“2013年教育硕士专业学位招生简章及专业基础课参照书和参照题型” 。

政治理论复习内容见浙大研究生院招生网，此外了解一些时事政治。

政治课考试是过关考试，及格即可，不计入复试总分。

14、同等学力全国二外考试报考前是否要先通过校内考试？
同等学力全国二外考试报考前必须通过浙大的所有课程考试，包括校内的二外考试。

校内二外考试拟于12月或1月进行，有关报名事宜可咨询研究生院培养处，电话6。

15、浙大有没有参照书出售，参照书应买旧版的还是新版的？
参照书在全国各大书店或购书网上购买。

参照书仅仅是参照,新版的可能比旧版的更好。

16 、外语学院全日制硕士研究生招生4门考试科目，哪些是浙大命题？
除政治全国统一命题外，其它科目由浙江大学命题。

17、硕士生招生简章内有这样一条内容：“经物价部门核准，对专业学位硕士研究生
收取相关培养费”。

教育硕士专业学位研究生具体的收费金额是多少呢？
教育硕士专业学位研究生的学费共3万元。

18、简章中把学位分为“科学学位”和“专业学位”，请问“科学学位”和“专业学位”有什么区别？
“科学学位”是学术型的；“专业学位”是应用型的。

它们是同一培养层次中的两个不同
类型，全日制科学学位和全日制专业学位都颁发学位证和毕业证（俗称有双证），都参加每年1月左右举行的全国硕士研究生入学统一考试。

19、英语语言文学和外国语言学及应用语言学都分三个方向，我们报考研究生的时候要选择方向吗？
报考时不需要选择研究方向，同一专业的考试科目都是一样的。

录取后进行双向选择导师，研究生跟随导师的研究方向。

20、博士研究生招生方面的规定有什么变化？
我校原则上不再招收在职博士研究生，拟录取考生必须出具单位人事部门同意辞职的证明，必须把档案调往浙江大学，组织关系转往浙江大学。

21、博士研究生招生形式有没有变化，专业课考试科目是哪些？
博士研究生入学考试分初试和复试两个阶段，初试由学校统一组织，考“第二外语”和“翻译与写作”两门课。

复试由学院组织，分专业课笔试和面试，专业课笔试在学校初试的第二天进行。

学校以初试成绩划定分数线。

在达到学校分数线的考生中，学院以“翻译与写作”和专业课的总分二次划线，确定参加复试的名单。

22、硕士免试生有什么条件要求，如何申请？
原则上要求应是“985”或“211”院校本科应届毕业生，在本校获得硕士研究生免试资格，有关申请程序见浙大研究生招生网上通知。

应届考生可提前关注我院网上夏令营的相关通知和信息。

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