高考情态动词经典练习题

高考情态动词经典练习题
高考情态动词经典练习题

高考情态动词经典练习题

一、单项选择情态动词

1.---Artistic people can be very difficult sometimes.

---Well, you______know---you married one.

A.might B.would C.shall D.should

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词词义辨析。A. might可能,也许;B. would将会;C. shall必须,会;D. should 应该。句意:---有艺术修养的人有时很难相处。---你应当知道这一点,因为你结婚那位就是搞艺术的。这里是按照常理推断,用should。

2.Keep up your spirits even if you _____ fail hundreds of times.

A.must B.need

C.may D.should

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。A. must必须;B. need需要;C. may可能,或许;D. should应该。句意:即使失败了几百次,也要振作起来。此处表示一种不确定的推测,故选C。

3.Most of the top leaders expressed a common desire at the UN conference, ______ that different cultures ______ coexist with tolerance.

A.the one ; must B.the one ; should C.one ; must D.one ; should

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查替代和情态动词。句意:大多数高层领导人在联合国大会上表达了一个共同的愿望,即不同的文化应该与宽容共存。大多数高层领导人在联合国大会上表达了一个共同的愿望,即不同的文化应该与宽容共存。替代表泛指的单数名词,通常用one替代。此处用one替代前面的a desire,是同位语;结合句意第二空用情态动词should“应该”。故选D。【点睛】

that ,it ,one 代指前面的名词时的用法

1.one 指代前面出现的可数名词,是泛指。可以和冠词连用,也可以有自己的定语。一般不能用做特指,但和定冠词连用时可以是特指。如: Please show me the cup, the red one on the shelf.

2.It 指代前面提到的单数名词,相当于the one。当one是泛指的时候,指的是同名异物,it是指同一物体.如: ----Do you want the cup ? ---Yes ,I want it.

3.that通常用来代替前面出现的可数名词\不可数名词,主要是用来避免重复。如: The

weather of Guangzhou is hotter than that of Beijing.

4.Paul did a great job in the speech contest. He many times last week.

A.need have practised B.might practise

C.must have practised D.could practise

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意:保罗在演讲比赛中表现得很好。他上星期一定练习了很多次。must have done是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测,意思是“一定”。故C选项正确。

5.Ann said whenever her father was unhappy he ________ go out and buy something, usually something large and useless.

A.should B.could

C.would D.might

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意:安说无论什么时候她父亲不高兴的时候,他就会出去买些东西,通常是一些又大又没用的东西。A. should应该;B. could能;C. would总是,愿意;D. might 可能。此处表示过去经常习惯做某事,故选C。

6.It is really cold and the ground is wet; it ________ have rained last night.

A.might B.must

C.can D.should

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词辨析。句意:天气很冷而且地面是湿的,昨晚一定下了雨。根据上文the ground is wet可知,“昨晚下了雨”是肯定的,故用must have done“必定做了……”表示对过去十分有把握的推测,故选B。

【点睛】

must have done用法辨析

must have done:表示对过去的肯定的逻辑推测,推定某件事情、动作或状态可能在过去发生过(存在过)。

He must have been a doctor, for he knows medicine so well. 他过去肯定是一位医生,他对医学如此了解。

Somebody must have stolen the ring. 肯定有人偷了这枚戒指. [该句所推断的偷窃动作发生在过去.]

The temperature must have dropped to below zero last night, because the water is frozen all over.昨夜的温度肯定降到零度以下,因为水都冻住了。

如果“must + have + 过去分词”句型与by now连用,还可以表示对现在完成的动作和状态的肯定推测,但实质上还是指所推测的过去的动作。例如:

They started early this morning; they must have arrived by now. 他们今晨很早就出发了,现在肯定已经到了。

中国学生的常见病句是:They...; they certainly have arrived.病句的句义是“他们当然已经到

达了。”(这不是对过去的肯定推测,而是断定动作已经完成。)

7.-- Turn off the TV, Jack. _______ your homework now?

-- Mum, just ten more minutes, please.

A.Will you be doing B.Should you be doing

C.Shouldn't you be doing D.Couldn’t you be doing

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查含情态动词的进行时态。句意:——把电视关掉,杰克。你现在不应该做作业吗?——妈妈,请再给我十分钟。此处表示目前应该在做某事,should“应该”,这里用含情态动词

的进行时态,故选C。

8.Lack of sleep _______ lead to weakened immunity and memory, and also slow physical growth.

A.shall B.must C.should D.can

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词辨析。句意:睡眠不足会导致免疫力和记忆力下降,还会减缓身体发育。A. shall将;B. must必须;C. should应该;D. can会,表示理论上或是逻辑判断上,用can,故选D。

9.—What’s wrong with you?

—Oh, I am sick. I ________ so much ice cream just now.

A.shouldn’t eat B.mustn’t eat

C.couldn’t have eaten D.shouldn’t have eaten

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词和虚拟语气。句意:——你怎么了?——我生病了,我刚才不应该吃那么多

冰激凌。A. shouldn’t eat不应该吃;B. mustn’t eat禁止吃;C. couldn’t have eaten不可能

吃;D. shouldn’t have eaten本来不应该吃。根据just now可知,是发生在过去,故选D。

10.It_____ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.

A.may B.can C.must D.should

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词表猜测的用法。句意:一定是汤姆把车停在这儿的,因为他是唯一有车的人。A. may可能;B. can可能;C. must一定;D. should应该。由as he is the only one with a car.可知一定是他把车停在这里的,非常有把握的肯定推测,故选C。

11.No student ________ go out of school to have lunch without permission of the headteacher. A.might B.must

C.shall D.could

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意:未经校长允许,任何学生不得离开学校去吃午饭。might可能;must一定,必须;shall会,将;could能够。本句是一条禁令。shall用于肯定句并且主语是第一、三人称时,表示允诺,警告,劝告等语气。故选C。

12.It has been announced that all the students ________ put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with SARS virus.

A.shall B.will C.need D.may

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意:所有学生们应在去学校之前带上口罩以防感染非典病毒,这已经被宣布。shall用于第二、第三人称,表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁,故选A 项。

13.Mark ______ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early. A.needn’t B.wouldn’t C.mustn’t D.couldn’t

【答案】A

【解析】

考查情态动词。need’t have done 本不必要做某事,句意:迈克本不必要着急的。他以全速驾驶后,他早到了半个小时。wouldn’t不会,mustn’t禁止,couldn’t不可能,所以选A。

14.—It’s already 11 o’clock , and he ______ have been here half an hour ago.

—Maybe he got caught in the rain.

A.must B.ought to

C.may D.can

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意:已经11点了,他半小时前就该到了。A. must have done必定做了…(表示对过去的推测);B. ought to have done 本应该做的;C. may have done可能已经做

过某事;D. can have done本来可以做的(但没有做),根据题意,故选B。

15.I still find it hard to imagine that such a clever child __________ make such a foolish mistake. A.shall B.must

C.can D.should

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意:我仍然难以想象这样聪明的孩子竟然犯这样愚蠢的错误。should 作为情态动词,可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的,常常译为"竟会"、"居然",这么聪明的孩子竟然犯这样愚蠢的错误。表示意外,shall表示允诺,命令等,must表示必须,can表示能力及可能性。所以答案选D。

16.—Did you attend the meeting for the experiment project yesterday?

—Yes, but I don’t think I ____ because my director was there.

A.need to have B.need to C.needed to D.need have

【答案】D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查情态动词+have done。句意:——你昨天参加实验项目的会议了吗?——是的,但我想我(本来)不需要,因为我的主管在那里。Think/suppose等宾语从句中如果有否定词时,要把从句的否定词not前移,即“否定前移”。所以not是从句中的否定词。“need have done”意为“本来有必要做而未做”;“needn’t have done”指过去本来没必要做而做了。根据上一句时间状语“yesterday”可知本句指的是过去发生的事。结合第二句“because my director

was there(我的主管)在”可推断出,我本来不必要去。故选D。

17.-Jenny took the 8:00 bus to Guangzhou this morning.

-Really? He__the 9:00 train. It's much more comfortable and safer to travel by train. A.could have taken B.should take

C.must have taken D.can take

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意:Jenny今天早上坐8:00的客车去广州了。真的吗?她本能够坐9:00火车的,乘火车去旅游更安全舒适。情态动词加have done表示对过去的猜测,A.表本可能做了某事;B.表应该做某事;C.表过去一定做了某事D.可能,能够做某事。根据句意,此处是对过去的虚拟,故选A。

18.AI will surely be a feature of future life, but it _____ be used responsibly and in a proper way. A.can B.need C.must D.will

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意:人工智能肯定会成为未来生活的一个特征,但必须以负责任的方式和适当的方式使用它。A. can能够;B. need需要;C. must必须;D. will将会。此处为情态动词的一般用法,结合句意表示“必须”,故选C。

19.The principal in our school has recently passed a rule that students _______ wear school uniforms in our campus.

A.may B.should C.will D.shall

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意:我们学校的校长最近通过了一项规定,要求学生在校园里穿校服。分析句子可知,“that students _______ wear school uniforms in our campus.”是同位语从句对名词“rule”内容解释说明。当表示强制,用于法令、条约、规章中,意为“必须,应该”等时句子用情态动词shall。故选D。

【点睛】

情态动词shall的用法:

1、在主语是第一、三人称的疑问句中征求对方意见:要不要……?……好吗?如:Shall we go? 该走了吧?

2、用于二、三人称,在陈述句中表示说话者给对方的承诺、决心、警告、威胁等。如:You shall borrow the book。你可以借这本书。

3、表示强制,用于法令、条约、规章中,意为“必须,应该”。例如本小题,分析句子可知,“that students _______ wear school uniforms in our campus.”是同位语从句对名词“rule”内容解释说明。当表示强制,用于法令、条约、规章中,意为“必须,应该”等时句子用情态动词shall。故选D。

20.--Is Jack still in hospital?

--Yes. He _________ the bad food.

A.wouldn’t eat B.shouldn’t eat

C.wouldn’t have eaten D.shouldn’t have eaten

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意;--杰克孩子医院吗?--是,他本不应该吃坏的食物的。因为是过去吃了坏食物,所以排除AB,这里的shouldn’t have done表示“过去本不应该做而做了”,wouldn’t have done过去本不会做而做了,所以选D。

考点:考查情态动词和虚拟语气

21.–Will you read me a story, Mummy?

--OK. You ______have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.

A.might B.must C.could D.shall

【答案】D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意:——妈妈,给我讲个故事好吗?——好,如果你尽快上床睡觉,我就给你讲一个。might表示“或许”;must表示“必须”;could表示“可能”;shall在此处表示“允诺”,符合句意,故选择D项。

22.--- I called you last night, but no one answered.

--- Sorry, I _______ sleeping.

A.must have done

B.would have been

C.must be

D.could be

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意:—昨晚我给你打电话了,但没人接。—对不起,我一定是睡着了。分析可知,前文提及打电话无人应答,后文解释原因:肯定睡着了。情态动词must可用于

must be+v-ing 表示“过去肯定在做某事”,符合句意要求。故选C项。

23.It turned out that the hotel was so near. I ______ the taxi.

A.needn't have taken B.must have taken C.should take D.could take

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意:结果证明这家宾馆非常近。我本不必乘坐出租车。needn’t have done表示“本不必做某事实际上做了”,根据句意,旅馆很近不用乘坐出租车,但是乘车了。故选A。

24.According to the latest rule, people _______sort household garbage into four categories. A.can B.shall C.may D.need

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词辨析。句意:根据最新的规定,人们应该把生活垃圾分成四类。A. can能;B. shall应该;C. may也许;D. need需要。shall用于第二人称表示承诺、命令、警告、威胁

的口吻,这里是指法令规定了……,因此用shall。故选B。

25.—Peter, you delivered a wonderful speech today.

—Thanks, but I think I ______ more attention to my stage manners during that time.

A.must pay B.should pay

C.must have paid D.should have paid

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词+have done。句意:---彼得,你今天的演讲很精彩。---谢谢,但我认为在那

段时间我应该多注意我的舞台礼仪。should have done表示本应该做某事而实际上没有做某事。由“but”可知,我那段时间本应该多注意我的舞台礼仪,而实际上并没有注意。故选D 项。

26.—Life ____ be very hard for people living in the north of Canada as it is very cold there in winter.

—Yes, the weather there _____ be as low as 60℃ below zero.

A.must; can B.shall; must C.will; should D.has to; can

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。根据句意:——对于生活在加拿大北方的人来说生活肯定很艰难,因为冬天那儿很冷。——是的,那儿的天气可能会达到零下60度。must表肯定推测,意为“肯定,一定”,can表客观上的可能性,意为“可能”。根据语境及选项可知,A选项正确。故选A。

27.—I phoned you yesterday morning. A girl answered, but I didn’t recognize the voice.—Oh, it ________ my younger sister. She was in my room at that moment.

A.must have been B.should have been

C.could have been D.may have been

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意:—昨天上午我给你打电话。一个女孩回答的,但我没听出谁的声音。—哦,那一定是我妹妹。她那一刻正在我的房间里。情态动词加动词的现在完成式形式,表示对过去的推测。A. must have been表示一定做了某事。用于肯定推测;B. should have been 本应该,表示应该做而没有做某事。C. could have been用于肯定句时,表示可能做了某事。更常用于否定推测;D. may have been可能做过某事。表示可能性很小。结合语境判断,表示非常肯定的推测,故选A。

28.—Jim ________ what I said annoying though he didn’t say anything.

— So you mean you will have to apologize to him?

A.must find B.might find C.should have found D.must have found 【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查must have done结构。句意:——吉姆一定觉得我说的话很让人烦,尽管他什么也没说。——所以你是说你得向他道歉?根据“though he didn’t say anything.”可知此处表示对过去事情的肯定推测,用must have done表示“过去一定做了……”,故D项正确。

29.—It's so cold here! Why haven't you turned on your air-conditioner?

—Well, it ______ turn on.

A.shouldn't B.can't C.won't D.shan't

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意:——这里太冷了!你为什么不把空调打开呢?——嗯,这个空调老是打不开。A. shouldn't不应该;B. can't不能;C. won't偏偏不,老是不,此处是表示习惯或倾向;D. shan't不会。这里使用will的否定won't表示事物的自然属性“空调总是开不开”。故选C项。

30.My sister met him in the street yesterday afternoon, so he ______ your lecture. A.shouldn’t have attended B.couldn’t have attended

C.mustn’t have attended D.needn’t have attended

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:考查情态动词用法。Shouldn’t have done本不应该做某事,实际上却做了(虚拟语气);couldn’t have done不可能做某事(对过去情况的推测);needn’t have done本不需要做某事,实际上却做了(虚拟语气);句意:我的姐姐昨天下午在街上遇见了他,所以他不可能去听了你的演讲。故B正确。

考点:考查情态动词用法

点评:考本题是高考必考考点,一定要牢记句型意思。must have done过去肯定做了某事。should have done 本应该做而实际未做。can’t have done 过去不可能做了某事;shouldn’t have done 本不应该做而实际做了。 need have done 本有必要做某事;needn’t have done 本没有必要做某事;注意没有mustn’t have done的形式。

英语情态动词用法总结(完整)

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