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考研英语阅读理解高频短语

考研英语阅读理解高频短语

考研英语阅读理解高频短语来源:文都图书很多准备考研二战的同学都向小编反映过,考完试才知道自己在备考考研英语时犯了什么错误——忽略了考研英语常用单词短语,导致在做题时出现理解性错误,失了不少分。

所以小编想向大家介绍一本参考书,《考研英语阅读同源外刊时文精析》,这本书里选取了66篇源自老牌英文杂志《经济学人》的经典时文,每篇文章后都总结了文中的常用短语等,十分适合考生拿来学习。

at the thought of一想到…as a whole (=in general) 就整体而论(be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于,富有access(to) (不可数名词) 能接近,进入,了解of one’s own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地 ,主动地with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照,根据on one’s own account为了某人的缘故,为了某人自己的利益account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释,说明on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装)be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于。

be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; adapt…(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编,改写(以适应新的需要)比起拿着资料死记硬背,在阅读的过程中学习短语效果更好,考生可以体会其在具体的语境中应该作何解释,以及学习如何运用这些短语。

考研英语历年真题阅读理解精读笔记(一)

考研英语历年真题阅读理解精读笔记(一)

众所周知,考研是⼈⽣的⼀次重新洗牌和重⼤机遇,⽽在考研的四门课程中,英语成了许多考⽣前进征途上的⼀只凶猛拦路虎和⼗分困难的羁跘与障碍。

详细分析历年考研英语试卷,⼜可以发现主要⽭盾在于阅读(占60%的分数),故可谓:得阅读者得天下。

阅读的60分细分为Part A、Part B 和Part C,其中Part A为四篇阅读理解,占40分,是阅读理解考试中的主战场。

那么,阅读Part A有没有什么技巧呢? 技巧⼀:看懂 阅读理解其实主要考的是“阅读”之后的“理解”,所以,看得懂乃是第⼀项技巧。

任何⼀篇⽂章,若要能看懂它,⾄少需要两个条件:认识单词和看明⽩句⼦。

单词就像盖房的砖⽡,考研词汇⼤约为5500个,这不是⼀个⼩数字,也并⾮三两天时间可以记住的,所以,考⽣必须先买⼀本考研英语词汇书进⾏系统、长期的学习和记忆。

(推荐《考研英语词汇真题词频语境记忆》,该书打破了传统考研词汇书按字母顺序排序的做法,⽽是采⽤历年真题作为单词出现频率的统计依据,将所有⼤纲单词及超纲单词按照历年真题出现的频率从⾼到低排列,⽽且全部按照考过的不同词义配不同的真题例句,可以使学⽣⽤最少的时间获得的学习效果)。

拿到词汇书之后,⾸先⽤⼤约⼀周的时间把这些单词中你根本不认识的挑出来,如rear,tedious,deteriorate,plausible,jargon,isotope,……,(因为这些单词你可能完全不认识,看到之后两眼漆⿊,所以称之为“⿊”字)。

“⿊”字是阅读的头⼀个障碍,单词不认识,句⼦当然看不懂,所以,消灭“⿊”字是当务之急。

(争取⽤⼀个⽉左右的时间消灭它们!) 考研词汇中,除“⿊”字外,还有⼤量意思⾮常明⽩的所谓“⽩”字,如:able,benefit,culture,space,topic,……。

此类单词可⼀掠⽽过,除“⿊”(完全不认识)和“⽩”(完全明⽩)字两类外,还有许多似会不会的“灰”字,如:treaty,tutor,sample,saddle,fuss,……。

考研英语历年真题阅读理解精读笔记(八)

考研英语历年真题阅读理解精读笔记(八)

TEXT 1 Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet.The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War Ⅱ and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information.Donovan believed in using whatever tools came to hand in the great game of espionage-spying as a profession.These days the Net, which has already remade such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail, is reshaping Donovan's vocation as well. The latest revolution isn't simply a matter of gentlemen reading other gentlemen's e-mail.That kind of electronic spying has been going on for decades.In the past three or four years, the World Wide Web has given birth to a whole industry of point and click spying.The spooks call it open source intelligence, and as the Net grows, it is becoming increasingly influential.In 1995 the CIA held a contest to see who could compile the most data about Burundi.The winner, by a large margin, was a tiny Virginia company called Open Source Solutions, whose clear advantage was its mastery of the electronic world. Among the firms making the biggest splash in this new world is Straitford, Inc., a private intelligence analysis firm based in Austin, Texas.Straitford makes money by selling the results of spying (covering nations from Chile to Russia) to corporations like energy services firm McDermott International.Many of its predictions are available online at. Straiford president George Friedman says he sees the online world as a kind of mutually reinforcing tool for both information collection and distribution, a spymaster's st week his firm was busy vacuuming up data bits from the far corners of the world and predicting a crisis in Ukraine.As soon as that report runs, we'll suddenly get 500 new Internet sign-ups from Ukraine, says Friedman, a former political science professor,And we'll hear back from some of them.Open source spying does have its risks, of course, since it can be difficult to tell good information from bad.That's where Straitford earns its keep. Friedman relies on a lean staff of 20 in Austin.Several of his staff members have military intelligence backgrounds.He sees the firm's outsider status as the key to its success.Straitford's briefs don't sound like the usual Washington back and forthing, whereby agencies avoid dramatic declarations on the chance they might be wrong.Straitford, says Friedman, takes pride in its independent voice. 41. The emergence of the Net has . A.received support from fans like Donovan B.remolded the intelligence services C.restored many common pastimes D.revived spying as a profession 42. Donovan's story is mentioned in the text to . A.introduce the topic of online spying B.show how he fought for the US C.give an episode of the information war D.honor his unique services to the CIA 43. The phrase making the biggest splash (line 1, paragraph 3) most probably means . A.causing the biggest trouble B.exerting the greatest effort C.achieving the greatest success D.enjoying the widest popularity 44. It can be learned from paragraph 4 that . A. Straitford's prediction about Ukraine has proved true B.Straitford guarantees the truthfulness of its information C.Straitford's business is characterized by unpredictability D.Straitford is able to provide fairly reliable information 45. Straitford is most proud of its . A.official status B.nonconformist image C.efficient staff D.military backgroundable11 a.有能⼒的,能⼲的,显⽰出才华的 achieve12 v.①完成,实现;②达到,达成,获得 agency11 n.代理(处),代办处 analysis8 n.分析,分解 available18 a.①可⽤的,可得到的;②可以见到的,随时可来的 avoid9 v.避免,回避,逃避 background6 n.背景,经历 brief5 a.简短的,简洁的;v.简短介绍,简要汇报;n.①(pl.)摘要;②指令 business36 n.①商业,⽣意;②事务,业务,职责;③企业;④贸易量;⑤⾏业,业务 cause28 n.①原因,理由;②事业,事件,奋⽃⽬标;v.使产⽣,引起 characterize6 v.①表⽰...的特性;②描述...的特性 click1 v.①点击;②发出滴答声;n.滴答声 collection1 n.收藏(品),收集(物) compile1 v.编辑,汇编 contest2 n.竞争,竞赛,⽐赛;v.竞争,⽐赛,争论 corporation10 n.公司,企业,团体 crisis3 n.([pl.]crises)危机,紧要关头 data22 n.(datum的复数)资料,数据 decade18 n.⼗年 declaration2 n.宣⾔,宣布,声明 dramatic4 a.①戏剧的,戏剧性的;②剧烈的,激进的;③显著的,引⼈注⽬的 efficient3 a.①有效的,效率⾼的;②有能⼒的,能胜任的 electronic8 a.电⼦的 episode1 n.⽚断,(连续剧的)⼀集 exert3 v.发挥,施加影响,运⽤ fascinate2 v.迷住,强烈吸引 firm14 a.①坚固的,稳固的;②坚决的,坚定的;n.公司,商号 former10 a.①前任的;②以前的,在前的;pron.前者 forth2 ad.向前,向外;(back and ~)来回地 guarantee5 n.保证,保证书;v.保证,担保 image1 n.①形象;②肖像,影像,印象 increasingly11 ad.不断增加地,⽇益 independent6 a.(of)独⽴的,⾃主的 influential1 a.①有影响的;②有权势的 information44 n.①通知,报告;②情报,信息 intelligence13 n.①智⼒,聪明;②理解⼒;③情报,消息,报导 lean2 v.①倾斜,屈⾝;②倚,靠,依赖;a.①瘦的,⽆脂肪的;②精⼲的,效率⾼的;③贫瘠的 margin1 n.①页边空⽩;②边缘;③余地;④幅度 military3 a.军事的,军⽤的,军队的 pastime1 n.消遣,娱乐 phrase6 n.短语,词语,习语 predict13 v.预⾔,预测,预告 private11 a.私⼈的,个⼈的,秘密的,私下的 profession5 n.职业,⾃由职业 reinforce2 v.增援,加强 reliable5 a.可靠的 rely6 v.①(on)依赖,依靠;②信赖,信任 restore3 v.①恢复,使回复;②归还,交还;③修复,重建 result37 n.结果,成果,成绩;v.①(in)导致,结果是;②(from)起因于,因...⽽造成 revive1 v.①使苏醒;②复苏,复兴 risk14 v.冒...的危险;n.风险,危险 science58 n.①科学;②学科 solution4 n.①解答,解决办法;②溶解,溶液 sound7 n.声⾳,声响;v.①发声,响;②听起来;a.①健全的,完好的;②正当的,有根据的;③彻底的,充分的 source11 n.①源,源泉;②来源,出处 splash1 v.溅,泼;n.①溅,飞溅声;②(make a ~)引起轰动 spy6 n.间谍;v.①当间谍,刺探;②察觉,发现 staff5 n.①全体职⼯,全体⼈员;②杠,棒;③参谋部;v.配备⼯作⼈员 status5 n.①地位,⾝份;②情形,状况 story11 n.①描述;②故事;③报道;④谎话;⑤楼层 topic3 n.话题,主题,题⽬ unique6 a.惟⼀的,独⼀⽆⼆的 vacuum1 n.真空,真空吸尘器;v.⽤真空吸尘器打扫 vocation1 n.职业,⾏业 web12 n.,蜘蛛 advantage13 n.优势, 有利条件 distribution6 n.分配,分发,配给物 emergence5 n.浮现,出现 espionage1 n.间谍,侦探 latest8 a.最近的 mastery1 n.掌握 mutually1 ad.互相地,互助 nonconformist1 a./n.不墨守陈规的(⼈) online8 n.联机,在线 popularity5 n.普及,流⾏ prediction6 n.预⾔,预报 remold1 vt.改造 reshape1 vt.改造,再成形 spook1 n.间谍,特务 spymaster2 n.间谍⾸脑 strategic2 a.战略的,战略上的 truthfulness1 n.真实,正当,坦率 unpredictability2 n.不可预测性 whereby2 ad.凭什么,由此难句1 The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War Ⅱ and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information. [结构分析] 1. 本句主⼲结构是:The American spymaster ... was fascinated with information; 2. who引导的定语从句修饰the American spymaster,who在定语从句中作主语,谓语是and连接的built和laid; [本句难点]主要是从句关系复杂; [⽅法对策]找出主句和从句关系,然后找出各⾃的主⼲结构,就⽐较好理解本句; [例句精译]这位曾经在第⼆次世界⼤战时建⽴了战略服务处,后来⼜为中央情报局的成⽴打下了基础的美国间谍⼤师对情报是如此着迷。

考研英语精读笔记(word格式,校正版,完美打印版).范文

考研英语精读笔记(word格式,校正版,完美打印版).范文

考研英语精读笔记总结1991年第一篇:1.重要词汇点:triumph n./v. 胜利urgent a.紧急的struggle to do 努力做,试图做hold back 阻止,隐瞒tide n.潮流ingredient n.要素;配料accountability n.责任,责任心,责任感accountable a.负责的account for 解释;占据(比例) 为sth负责be liable for sthvalues n.价值观ultimate a.最终的,最大的ultimately ad.impose sth on sb 将sth强加于sb external a.外部的internal a.内部的restraint n.限制restrain vt.限制guilt n.内疚,内疚感;罪行,罪责be guilty of sth 对sth有罪embarrass vt.使尴尬embarrassment n.community n.社区;社会;界,圈子;地方the scientific community 科学界hold up 举起;支撑;阻碍proclaim v.宣称tolerate v.容忍,宽容loose a.松的,松散的loosen v.使松,使松散typical a.典型的consider A B 把A看作B A is considered B. A被看作B。

enrage vt.激怒 rage n.愤怒breakdown n.崩溃;分解radical a.根本的;激进的shift n./v.转变,转换,变动commit crimes 犯罪victim n.牺牲品victimize vt.使成为牺牲品shocking a.令人震惊的reverse v./a./n.颠倒;倒退;反转reversal n. underprivileged a.弱势的,缺乏基本权益的bring up 抚养;提出upbringing n. 抚养;提出fail to do 未能;无法moral a.道德的;品行端正的guidance n.指导,引导guide v. stable a.稳定的disadvantaged a. 弱势的,缺乏基本权益的circumstances n.环境engage in = be engaged in 从事,进行desperate a.绝望的;不顾一切的desperately ad. 绝望的;不顾一切的;及其,非常evil n./a.邪恶virtue n.美德;优点wise a. 智慧的,明智的wisdom n. prevail vi. 占上风,盛行,流行prent a. prence n. defeat n./v.击败;失败desirable a.可取的= advisable a. = preferable a. = favorable a. bear the blame for sth 为sth负责be held responsible for sth 为sth负责be responsible for sth 为sth负责self-discipline n.自律restrict v.限制mutual a.相互的;共同的stick to 坚持s restriction n.限制 restrictive a.限制的,限制性的第二篇:adolescence n.青春期adulthood n.成年,成年期adult n./a.成年;成年的as to 关于constitute vt.构成constitution n.构成;体质;宪法maturity n.成熟 mature a. primitive a.原始的frequently ad. = often 经常frequent a. relatively ad.相对的,比较的,很pattern n.模式;规律prolonged a.延长的prolong vt. 延长couple n.一对,两口子 a couple of 几个ceremony n.仪式coupled with 伴随,伴随着status n.身份,地位,状态given a.特定的frontier n.边界,边界定居区;前沿,尖端universally ad. 普遍地universal a formal a.正式的informal a.不正式的recognition n.承认,认可recognize vt. symbolic a.象征的,象征性的 symbol n. significance n. 重要性,意义 significant a. initiation n.使进入;开始,使开始initiation ceremony n.进入仪式,开始仪式;成年仪式sequence n.系列 sequent a. privilege n.特权minor a./n.较小的vote v.投票remove vt.去除 removal n. grant vt.授予fare n.票价obtain vt.获得license n.执照basically ad.基本上;基本而言basic a. liquor n.烈酒financial a.金融的;财政的;财务的finance n.金融;财政;vt.资助contract n.合同contract vt.收缩acquire vt.获得additional a.额外的,其他的majority n.大部分;主体attain vt.获得;达到provision n.提供;预防,准备;约定;规定point to 表明mark vt.标志着give place to 让位于dividing line 分界线join the army 参军exist vi.存在existence n. existent a. permission n.允许permit vt.第三篇contain v.包括,包含;遏制term A B = call A B = name A B 把A称作B composed of 由...组成composition n.组成;结构;作品occur vi.发生mineral element 矿物质dissolve v.溶解solution n.溶液woody a.木质的;木头的stem n.茎干tissue n.组织in the presence of 在...存在的情况下solid a./n.固体;紧密的minute a.微小的n.分钟opening n.开口;空缺vapor n.蒸汽trace n.极少量;踪迹quantity n.数量saturation n.饱和saturate v.饱和 3 parts in 10 parts 十分之三F = Fahrenheit 华氏温度;华氏温度计intake n.摄入;摄入量in terms of 就...而言in proportion to 与...成比例的;与...相比的concentration n.集中;聚集synthesize vt.合成synthesis n.合成sustain v.支撑derive sth from A 从A获得sth preserve v.保存develop an idea 阐述一个观点utilize vt.利用absorb v.吸收It is as proper to term the plant a water structure as to call a house composed mainly of brick a brick building. (It is as proper to do A as to do B. 做A和做B是一样恰当的)把植物称作水构造,和把一所主要由砖构成的房子称作砖房一样,都是恰当的。

考研阅读精读笔记

考研阅读精读笔记

1993Passage One:such A as B 像B这样的AToday no such severe lack exists as that ordered by Frederick.分析:such severe lack as that ordered by FrederickA:severe lack B: that ordered by Frederick,其中that指代前面的lack介词as引导的介宾短语,作名词lack的后置定语,但因为lack作句子的主语,为了避免头重脚轻,名词和介宾短语被谓语动词exists分割开了。

翻译:今天,再不存在像Frederick下命令所造成的那种严重的匮乏。

What is special about man’s brain, compared with that of the monkey, is the complex system which enables a child to connect the sight and feel of, say, a toy-bear with the sound pattern “toy-bear”.与猴子的大脑相比,关于人的大脑的特殊之处,是一个复杂的系统,这个系统能让一个小孩把,比如说,对一个玩具熊的视觉和触觉,与“toy-bear”这个单词的发音模式联系起来。

And even more incredible is the young brain’s ability to pick out an order in language from the mixture of sound around him, to analyze, to combine and recombine the parts of a language in new ways.更不可思议的是,小孩的大脑有能力从他周围混杂的声音中选出语言的秩序,有能力进行分析,有能力以新的方式对词和句进行组合与重新组合。

考研英语历年真题阅读理解精读笔记(四)

考研英语历年真题阅读理解精读笔记(四)

TEXT 4 Many things make people think artists are weird. But the weirdest may be this: artists only job is to explore emotions, and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad. This wasn’t always so. The earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited for expressing joy. But somewhere in the 19th century onward, more artists began seeing happiness as meaningless, phony or, worst of all, boring, as we went from Wordsworth’s daffodils to Baudelaire’s flowers of evil. You could argue that art became more skeptical of happiness because modern times have seen so much misery. But it’s not as if earlier times didn’t know perpetual war, disaster and the massacre of innocents. The reason, in fact, may be just the opposite: there is too much damn happiness in the world today. After all, what is the one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness? Advertising. The rise of anti happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media, and with it, a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology. People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery. They worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. In the West, before mass communication and literacy, the most powerful mass medium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms. Given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too. Today the messages the average Westerner is surrounded with are not religious but commercial, and forever happy. Fast food eaters, news anchors, text messengers, all smiling, smiling,smiling. Our magazines feature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes. And since these messages have an agenda-to lure us to open our wallets-they make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable. "Celebrate!" commanded the ads for the arthritis drug Celebrex, before we found out it could increase the risk of heart attacks. What we forget-what our economy depends on us forgetting-is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain. The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment. Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need art to tell us, as religion once did, Memento mori: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it. It’s a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air. 36. By citing the example of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire, the author intends to show that . [A] poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or music [B] art grows out of both positive and negative feelings [C] poets today are less skeptical of happiness [D] artists have changed their focus of interest 37. The word "bummer" (Line 5, Paragraph 5) most probably means something . [A] religious [B] unpleasant [C] entertaining [D] commercial 38. In the author’s opinion, advertising . [A] emerges in the wake of the anti happy art [B] is a cause of disappointment for the general public [C] replaces the church as a major source of information [D] creates an illusion of happiness rather than happiness itself 39. We can learn from the last paragraph that the author believes . [A] happiness more often than not ends in sadness [B] the anti happy art is distasteful but refreshing [C] misery should be enjoyed rather than denied [D] the anti happy art flourishes when economy booms 40. Which of the following is true of the text? [A] Religion once functioned as a reminder of misery. [B] Art provides a balance between expectation and reality. [C] People feel disappointed at the realities of modern society. [D] Mass media are inclined to cover disasters and deaths. agenda2 n.议事⽇程 anchor2 n.①锚;②新闻节⽬主持⼈;v.抛锚,停泊 argue19 v.①争论,辩论;②认为,主张,论证;③说服 author69 n.①作者;②创始⼈ average17 n.平均(数);a.①平均的;②普通的,⼀般的;v.平均,均分 balance5 v.称,(使)平衡;n.①天平,秤;②平衡,均衡;③差额,结余,余款 beam1 n.①(横)梁,桁条;②(光线的)束,柱;v.①微笑;②发光 boom7 v.①繁荣,兴旺;②发出隆隆声;n.①繁荣,兴隆;②隆隆声;③激增 cause28 n.①原因,理由;②事业,事件,奋⽃⽬标;v.使产⽣,引起 celebrity1 n.名声,名⼈ cite3 v.引⽤,引证,举(例) command2 n.①命令,指令;②统帅,指挥(权);③掌握,运⽤能⼒;v.①命令,要求;②指挥,统帅;③掌握,控制 commercial5 a.商业的,商务的,贸易的 communication11 n.①通讯,传达;②[pl.]通讯系统;③[pl.]交通(⼯具);④交流 create20 v.①创造,创作;②引起,造成,建⽴ culture21 n.①修养,教养;②⽂化,⽂明 damn1 v.谴责 dedicate5 v.奉献,把...⽤在 deny5 v.①否认,否定;②拒绝 depend16 v.(on)取决于,依靠,信赖,相信 depict1 v.描绘,描写 disappoint3 v.使失望,使扫兴 disaster2 n.灾难,天灾 economy29 n.①节约;②经济 emerge9 v.浮现,出现 emotion4 n.情绪,情感 era2 n.时代,年代,阶段,纪元 evil1 a.邪恶的,罪恶的;n.邪恶,罪恶 exhaust1 v.①使筋疲⼒尽,耗尽;②抽完,汲⼲;n.①排⽓装置;②废⽓ expectation2 n.预期,期望,指望 explore4 v.①勘探,探测;②探究,探索 express4 v.表达,表⽰;a.特快的,快速的;n.快车,快运 expression9 n.①表达,表⽰;②短语,词句,措词;③式,符号 feature9 n.①特征,特⾊;②(报纸或杂志)特写;③容貌,⾯貌;v.给显著地位 flourish2 v.繁荣,茂盛,兴旺 focus12 n.焦点,(活动,兴趣等的)中⼼;v.(on/upon)使聚集,集中 function10 n.①功能,作⽤;②[pl.]职务,职责;③函数;v.起作⽤ ideal5 a.①理想的,完美的;②空想的;③理想主义的;④唯⼼的;n.理想 ideology2 n.意识形态,思维⽅式 illusion1 n.幻想 incline2 v.①(使)倾斜,(使)偏向;②(使)倾向于;n.斜坡,斜⾯ information44 n.①通知,报告;②情报,信息 innocent1 a.①(of)清⽩的,⽆罪的;②⽆害的;③天真的,单纯的,⽆知的 intend15 v.想要,打算,企图 literacy1 n.有⽂化,有教养,有读写能⼒ lure3 v.引诱 major11 a.(较)⼤的,(较)重要的;n.①专业,主修科⽬;②专业学⽣;③少校;v.(in)主修,专攻 massacre1 n.残杀,*;v.残杀,集体屠杀 medium2 n.①中间,适中;②媒介物,介质,传导体;a.中等的,适中的 messenger1 n.送信者,使者,传令兵 misery3 n.痛苦,悲惨,不幸 negative4 a.①否定的,消极的,反⾯的;②负的,阴性的;n.①负数;②(摄影)底⽚ perfect5 a.①完善的,⽆瑕的;②完全的,⼗⾜的;v.使完美,改进 perpetual1 a.永久的,永恒的,长期的 poetry6 n.诗歌,诗集 positive4 a.①确实的,明确的;②积极的,肯定的;③正的,阳性的;④⼗⾜的,完全的;n.(摄影)正⽚ potential13 a.①潜在的,可能的;②势的,位的;n.潜能,潜⼒ powerful10 a.强⼤的,有⼒的,有权的 reality10 n.①现实,实际;②真实 reason26 n.①理由,原因;②理性,理智;v.①推论,推理;②说服,评理;③讨论,辩论 refresh1 v.(使)精神振作,(使)精⼒恢复 religion8 n.①宗教,信仰;②信念,信条 religious4 a.宗教的,信教的,虔诚的 replace7 v.①放回,替换,取代;②归还 risk14 v.冒...的危险;n.风险,危险 skeptical2 a.怀疑性的,好怀疑的,⽆神论的 source11 n.①源,源泉;②来源,出处 suit4 v.①合适,适合;②相配,适应;n.①⼀套西服;②诉讼 surround3 v.包围,环绕 wallet1 n.⽪夹,钱包 weird1 a.怪异的,奇怪的;n.命运,宿命 worm4 n.⾍,蠕⾍ advertise12 v.做⼴告 arthritis1 n.关节炎 boring3 a.令⼈厌烦的,乏味的,⽆聊的 bummer1 n.失败,坏事 clove1 n.丁⾹,丁⾹树 daffodil1 n.⽔仙花;a.⽔仙花⾊的 disappointment2 n.失望 distasteful1 a.味道不佳的,(令⼈)不愉快的 eater1 n.吃...的⼈(动物) emergence5 n.浮现,出现 entertaining2 a.①使⼈愉快的;②有趣的 expressive2 a.有表现⼒的,富于表情的 media9 n.媒体 memento1 n.纪念品 onward1 a.向前的;ad.向前,在前⾯ phony1 a.假冒的,虚假的;n.假冒者 reminder3 n.提醒的⼈,暗⽰ sadness1 n.悲哀,悲伤 unreliable1 a.不可靠的 worshipper1 n.礼拜者,崇拜者难句1 But somewhere in the 19th century onward, more artists began seeing happiness as meaningless, phony or, worst of all, boring,as we went from Wordsworth’s daffodils to Baudelaire’s flowers of evil. [语法分析] 1. 本句主⼲结构是:...more artists began seeing...as...; 2. 句⾸为but引导的时间状语; 3. as we went from Wordsworth’s daffodils to Baudelaire s flowers of evil也为状语成分; [本句难点]本句相对简单,主要是两个时间状语从句的影响; [⽅法对策]分别找出主句和从句主⼲结构,注意其中包含⼀个see...as...的句型; [例句精译]但⼤约在19世纪,随着从英国诗⼈沃兹沃斯的《⽔仙花》到法国诗⼈波德莱尔的《恶之花》作品的发表,许多艺术家们开始把快乐看作是平淡的、虚伪的、甚⾄是讨厌的东西。

文都考研英语阅读

文都考研英语阅读

文都考研英语阅读
在考研英语的复习过程中,阅读理解部分无疑是重中之重,它不仅占
据了试卷的大部分分值,而且对考生的英语综合运用能力提出了较高
的要求。

因此,对于文都考研英语阅读的复习,我们需要采取科学、
系统的方法来提高阅读效率和答题准确率。

首先,考生需要广泛阅读各类英文材料,包括但不限于报刊、杂志、
专业书籍和学术论文。

通过大量阅读,不仅可以积累词汇量,还能熟
悉不同题材和体裁的文章结构,从而提高阅读速度和理解能力。

其次,要注重培养快速阅读的技巧。

在考研英语阅读中,时间是非常
宝贵的资源。

因此,考生应该学会如何快速浏览文章,抓住文章的主
旨大意,以及如何快速定位到问题所涉及的段落或句子。

再者,考生需要掌握一定的阅读策略。

例如,先阅读问题再阅读文章,这样可以带着问题去阅读,更有针对性。

同时,要学会通过上下文来
推断生词的意思,而不是一遇到生词就查阅词典,这样可以节省时间
并提高阅读效率。

此外,练习历年真题是提高考研英语阅读能力的重要途径。

通过分析
历年真题,考生可以了解出题者的意图和题目的类型,从而在实际考
试中更加从容应对。

最后,考生应该定期进行模拟测试,以检验自己的阅读水平和答题技巧。

通过模拟测试,可以发现自己在阅读中的弱点,并针对性地进行
改进。

总之,文都考研英语阅读的复习是一个长期而系统的过程,需要考生
持之以恒地进行阅读训练,不断提高自己的阅读能力和答题技巧,才能在考试中取得理想的成绩。

文都考研,每天一句英文

文都考研,每天一句英文

38 Time was when biologists somewhat over worded the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on "worthless" species.主干识别:Time was when…主系表结构其他成分:biologists somewhat over worded the evidence 表语从句that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, evidence的同位语从句之一or that they prey only on "worthless" species.evidence的同位语从句之二翻译点拨:词汇点拨:Game 猎物Preserve保持the physically weak 体弱者prey 猎杀somewhat或多或少over worded 过多的提及(滥用)成分的点拨:Time was when= there was time when…曾经有段时间,同位语从句的处理::或者“即,”“也就是说…”成分的处理:biologists somewhat over worded the evidence生物学家或多或少滥用了一种证据,that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak,即这些生物通过杀死体弱者来保持种群的健康,or that they prey only on "worthless" species.或者说它们仅仅捕食没有价值的物种。

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2011文都英语强化班笔记一文章题干选项二题干选项三选项(通过选项把握解题思路)文章题干选项解题思路单词、词汇量、长难句(94-03年)考研阅读三步走:1、通篇细读首段、每段首尾句,把握全文中心、各段核心内容;2、仔细审题干,确定题目类型,返回原文定位,再次阅读文章;3、分析对比4个选项,对比原文信息,得出正确答案。

第一部分十大解题思路:细节事实题、句子理解题、中心主旨题、作者态度题、判断题、词汇题、例证题、推理题、指代题、态度题新趋势一、细节事实题1、标志:5个W,1个H1)题干中明确提到时间、地点、人物、事物等信息;2)有可能针对文章中的一句话或几句话发问;3)题干和选项之间可能存在因果关系。

2、解题关键:返回原文、准确定位1)根据题干或选项中的地点、时间、人物、事物等关键词返回原文定位;2)根据题干或选项中的重点词(v. n. adj.),或重点词的同义词返回原文定位;3)根据出题的顺序返回原文定位;4)通过长难句返回原文定位(绝对考点、重点、难点)。

二、句子理解题1、标志:在题干中明确指出是原文中的某句话2、解题关键:解题题重点的不是上下文而是句子本身3、解题步骤:1)重点是返回原文,对该句子进行语法、句法、词法的精准解析,正确理解其深层含义。

2)若该句话的含义在文章中不好确定,则可适当依据上下文(因为文章中没有一句话是孤立存在的,局部含义要和整体信息保持一致)。

3)一般说来,选项中的正确答案是原文信息的同义改写或归纳总结。

4、错误选项特征是过分推理,做题时一定紧扣原文。

5、正确选项不包含过于绝对化的词语,如:certainly,absolutely等。

三、中心主旨题1、标志:best title,main idea,main problem,conclusion,purpose,proposition,mainly discuss,mainly deal with,convey,the author intends to,the text intend,a digest of2、解题关键:利用宏观阅读技巧做中心主旨题,不管主旨题出现在文中哪里考查,都作为最后一道来做,特别要小心首段,末段陷阱(谈论很长的信息,但并不是文章中心,起抛砖引玉的作用)。

3、解题方法:1)串线法:通读文章首段中心句和其余各段首句,把其含义作为一个整体;2)逆向思维法(快速作文法):做题时,在2个或3个选项难以分辨排除时,可以分别以这些选项为作文题目,在头脑中快速构思写作提纲,若所构思的提纲与原文内容大致相符合则为正确答案,否则为错误干扰选项。

4、做题时还要注意,有些文章的首段是引言段,不是中心段。

5、中心主旨题错误选项的干扰特征:1)局部信息,即选项内容小于文章内容,2)范围过宽,即选项内容大于文章内容。

四、作者态度题1、标志:attitude,believe,think,concider,deem,regard2、态度分类:1)正面:支持,同意,赞扬,乐观;2)负面:反对,批评,怀疑,悲观,失望3)客观:中立3、态度题的等价选项都不选4、有些选项注定不是正确答案——永陪选项:indifferent-莫不关心的,indifference,subjective-主观的,biased-有偏见的,puzzled-迷惑不解的,puzzling5、识别作者态度时,还可以采用下面两种方法:1)当作者态度在文章中没有明确提出时,通过寻找文章中带有褒贬含义、感情色彩的词来判断2)根据作者提出观点的方式及所举例子的特征来判断。

对于一个事物,既有人支持又有人反对,若作者所举例子全是正面例子,则作者是支持的态度;若所举例子全是反面的,则作者是反对态度;若所举例子既有正面的又有反面的,则作者是客观中立的态度。

6、作者态度一般与文章中心主旨题相关联,做题时一定不要把自己的态度纳入其中,而且要区分作者的态度和作者引用别人的态度五、判断题1、标志:All of the following statements are true/correct/mentional except…或which of the following statement is not ture/correct/mentioned2、解题步骤:1)首先判断是3对1错,还是1对3错。

所谓对是指符合原文或符合作者的态度,所谓错是指与原文有矛盾,或原文未提及的概念,或与作者态度相反。

2)做题时每个选项都力争返回原文定位,将他们与原文信息一一进行比较排除,不能通过主观印像进行判断。

3、注意这种题目有时考查的是某一段的信息,所以可以按照自然段定位原则缩小查找范围,或者选项本身具备一些共同特征,所以做题时先对比选项,找出其中可能存在的共同点,再返回原文定位。

六、词汇题1、标志:在题干中明确指出原文中某处的单词或短语,要求辨别其含义。

2.、解题关键:单词、短语本身并不重要,重要的是其上下文3、如果该单词认识,则其字面意思不是正确答案,其正确答案是根据上下文理解的更加深刻的含义;如果该单词不认识,正确答案经常存在于该词汇出现的句子附近。

用两种方法结合上下文进行判断:1)在上下文中寻找同词性的词或短语,通过该单词前后一致或相反的关系进行判断2)把4个选项带入原文进行替换,看哪个更符合上下文的逻辑含义七、例证题1、标志:case,example,emplify,illustration,illustrate,demonstration,demonstrate2、关键:不在于是否看懂例子本身,而在于找到例子所支持的观点。

3、解题步骤:1)首先返回原文找到例子,如果整段话都是例子则到上一段中寻找例子所支持的观点;2)若该例子是一句话或几句话,则在本段中寻找观点,80%向上找,20%向下找;3)在选项中找出与观点表达意思最一致的作为答案;4、有时论点在文中不太明显,需要对例子之前信息进行归纳总结;5、注意文中出现引用、类比、列举也是为了说明观点,考查这方面信息时按照例证题的解题步骤做题;6、例证题错误选项设置方式:1)混淆论点与论据,拿例子本身说事;2)列举无关的常识信息。

八、推理题1、标志:learn,imply,infer2、解题关键:绝大多数推理题的答案是原文中心的同义表达或原文信息的归纳总结,正确答案与原文之间不存在推理关系3、做题时看能否通过题干信息返回原文定位,题干信息少时可依据选项内容返回原文定位4、推理题一般要围绕文章中的一两个重点句进行思考,特别注意文章中含义深刻或结构复杂的句子,因为对作者所表达的意思不能一次看懂的长难句是命题所在。

5、做推理题时,不能想得太多推得太远,看懂文章才是关键。

九、指代题1、标志:在题干中明确指出原文中某个代词(that,it,they,one),并在原文中确定位置2、解题步骤:1)返回原文,找出题干中指代词所在的句子,并且准确分析理解该句话。

2)向上搜索,找到与代词相近的名词、名词性短语或句子3)将找到的词、短语、句子带入该句话替换指代词,看哪一个语义上最通顺完整4)在选项中找出与找到的词、短语、句子意思最接近的选项作为正确答案。

十、态度题新趋势1、题目考查不仅仅局限于作者的态度,也开始问文章中某人的观点和态度,做这种题时应特别关注题干问的是谁对谁的态度。

2、选项可能不再是态度明确的肯定或否定的词,而是改为带有程度限制的词语。

带有如下词语的选项往往是正确的:reserved,guarded-慎重的,qualified-有条件的,slight,tempered-缓和的。

因为带有保留态度的观点比较客观,一般是正确答案。

3、一般带有绝对化,或过于强烈的词修饰的选项必错,如strongly,completely,entirely,utterly,enthusiastically第二部分八大宏观阅读技巧花开两朵型、时文特征型、开门见山型、独具段特征、问题答案型、平铺直叙型、起承传合型、层层递进型一、花开两朵,各表一枝在文章开始提出两个核心概念,然后分段论述,阅读时把握两种核心概念的区别和联系以及各自的特征。

二、时文特点:1 耸人听闻,吸引眼球;2 貌似客观,内含态度;3 抛砖引玉,引起争论。

时文写作特点决定了其中心在首段末句,或第二段首句。

三、开门见山直接给出观点然后摆出事实论据进行推理论证,文章中无论出现反面或是正面论述,都分别是从不同侧面和角度来阐明文章中心,阅读时要注意作者提出观点的写作方式,每一段都会紧扣文章主题,内部句子之间关系密切。

四、独句段文章出现独句段时,出现在文章开始或结束时,该独句段往往传递的就是文章中心思想,当独句段出现在文章中间时往往起承上启下的作用。

五、问题答案型在文章第一段提出一个问题,在随后各段提供该问题的答案并做详细论述,阅读这样的文章时其中心就是该问题最直接最主要的答案。

六、平铺直叙写作模式:以事实为主、观点为辅,事实和观点交叉出现,观点蕴含在事实之中,在字里行间达到阐明观点的目的,阅读时需要综合各段内容,通过分析和归纳来判断文章中心。

七、起承传合型开始部分说明一种事物或陈述一个观点,中间承接上文,进一步引申说明,而结尾部分会再次点名该事物特征作用或重申文章主题,阅读时把握起合关系,即文章首尾前后呼应关系。

八、层层递进文章整体论述的问题在开始提出后会在随后的段落按照抽象到具体,从简单到复杂的过程进行论述,并且每段开始会出现递进词,阅读时注意文章中心出现在层层递进各段的最后一段。

第三部分五大微观阅读技巧虚拟语气作用、长难句解析方法、类比关系、标点符号作用、长难句基本语法结构一、虚拟语气作者写作时采用虚拟语气,一般表示建议、态度、和观点,用来表达一种反事实的假设。

阅读时,重点要体会作者利用反话正说,正话反说所传递的言外之意。

二、长难句主句,从句多又长,一个主句带多个从句,从句又含从句。

方法:先抓整句话的主干,从前向后读句子,找出独立的谓语部分,把握复杂句中,最核心的主谓宾语,再根据从句的连接词,区分主从句,层层扩展进行理解。

分词短语、to do结构,独立主格的干扰,注意理解主句最完整的特征就是有完整的主谓结构,尤其是独立的主谓语部分,一个看似句子的结构,如果没有独立的谓语部分,它不是句子,而是分词短语、to do结构,独立主格的干扰,阅读时可先不看,便于把握句子的主要信息。

三、类比关系1、类比,引用,举例都是为了要说明观点,阅读时可以把类比看做特殊的例证,重点是要找出作者所支持的观点。

2、阅读的时候注意识别一下类比的核心概念,作者把什么比喻成了什么,也就是类比或者比喻的对象。

长难句基本语法结构形式主语或宾语强调句结构非限制性定语从句同位语从句倒装结构省略句4 标点符号的作用句号:用来分割句子,以句子为单位把一个长的段落切分成为不同的句型。

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