定语从句
定语从句的类型及例子
定语从句的类型及例子
定语从句的类型主要有三种：限制性定语从句、非限制性定语从句和同位语从句。
以下每种类型各举一个例子，中英文间隔呈现：
1. 限制性定语从句
中文：这是一本我曾经读过的书。
英文：This is a book that I have ever read.
限制性定语从句通过提供必要的信息来定义或限制先行词（本句中的“书”），如果去掉定语从句，原句的意义将不完整或发生变化。
2. 非限制性定语从句
中文：我的邻居，一个和蔼的老人，经常帮助我。
英文：My neighbor, who is a kind old man, often helps me.
非限制性定语从句对先行词（本句中的“邻居”）提供额外信息，这些信息不是定义性的，如果去掉定语从句，原句的基本意义仍然完整。
3. 同位语从句
中文：我有一个梦想，那就是环游世界。
英文：I have a dream that is to travel around the world.
同位语从句用于解释或说明先行词（本句中的“梦想”）的具体内容，它与先行词在逻辑上是等同的，通常通过“that”引导从句。
这些例子展示了定语从句的不同类型及其在句子中的应用。
通过正确使用定语从句，我们可以更具体、更生动地描述事物和情境。
（完整版）定语从句详解+例句
Attributive Clause定语从句一、定义定语从句：修饰名词或代词的从句。
换句话说，名词、代词后的从句叫定语从句。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词、甚至词组或句子叫先行词。
关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
1关系代词：在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定语成分2关系副词：在定语从句中担任状语成分关系词3个功能：1. 连接功能（连接先行词与定语从句）；2. 担任功能（在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定、状语）；3. 替代功能（在定语从句中代替先行词）。
关系代词在定语从句中充当主语的是： who, that, which, as宾语的是： who, whom, that, which, as定语的是： whose, which先行词是人时，关系代词是：who, whom, that, as先行词是物时，关系代词是：which, that, whose, as关系副词有：when (先行词为时间), where (先行词为地点), why (先行词为原因)关系副词 = 介词 + which / whom定语从句分为两种：限制性与非限制性。
先行词与关系词之间无逗号隔开为限制性；有逗号隔开则为非限制性，且一般由which引导。
唯一可以置于先行词之前的定语从句由关系代词as 引导。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
(完整版)定语从句归纳
定语从句（the attributive clause ）一．什么叫定语从句？一个句子作定语就叫定语从句。
二．定语从句的结构及种类1. 结构：关系词 +主语+谓语+其它2. 种类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句三．关系词的分类及关系词1.关系代词： who ，whom, whose, that ,which, as2.关系副词： when ，where ，why四．关系词的功用1.起连接作用，引导定语从句2.在定语从句中作一个成分——主语，宾语，状语，定语，表语。
五．什么是先行词？被定语从句所修饰的词是先行词。
六．关系词的用法1.who当先行词是指人得名词或代词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选who 。
The boy who is standingover there is Tom.He who doesn ’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.2.whom当先行词是指人得名词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选w h o m.This is our English teacher whom everybody likes.3.whose①当先行词是指人的名词，而且关系词在句中作定语时，选whose. This is my deskmate whose father works in a factory.②当先行词是指物的名词，而且关系在句中作定语时，选whose.We study in a classroom whose windows face to the south.4.that①当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作主语时，选that.This is a machine that can walk.②当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作宾语时，选that. 另外，that 可以省略。
I like the present (that) my father sent me.③当先行词是指人的名词，关系词也可选用that=whoThe boy that/who is playing football on the play ground is my brother.5.which当先行词是指物的名词时，关系词也可选用which ，它在句中作主语或宾语，which=that6.下列情况下，关系词只能选用that①当先行词为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything 时Is there anything that I can do for you?②当先行词为不定代词all 时Mr. Li does all that he can to do his work well.③ 当先行词被 all, some, any 修饰时These are all the things that I have done today.④当先行词被the only, the very 修饰时This is the only computer that he often turns to for help.⑤ 当先行词被序数词，形容词最高级修饰时This is the cleaning room that you can see here.⑥time 作先行词，前面有序数词或last 修饰时This is the last time that I ’ll give y oupocket m o n e y.⑦ 尽管先行词指人，但关系词在句中作表语时。
定语从句详解(很全)
定语从句定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。
被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which,as。
关系副词有：when,where,why,how。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。
当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。
定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
一、定语从句的翻译许多英语初学者往往弄不明白为什么引导定语从句的关系词which不能译为“哪一个”，who不能译为“谁”，when不能译为“什么时候”，where不能译为“什么地方”，等等。
首先，我们必须要明白一点，那就是引导定语从句的which,who,when,where,why等是关系词（关系代词或关系副词），而不是疑问词，所以不能按疑问词的意思来理解。
前面我们讲到，英语中的定语从句总是后置的，即要放在被修饰名词或代词之后；但在汉语中，定语通常是前置的，也就是说定语要放在被修饰名词的前面，并通常表现为“……的”这样的形式。
当我们翻译英语中定语从句的时候，一般可以按汉语习惯，将定语从句翻译在被修饰的名词或代词之前，而其中的关系词一般就是译成汉语中的“……的”。
如：He showed me the article that he had written.他把他写的文章拿给我看。
句中的that he had written为修饰名词the article的定语从句，翻译时就可译为“他写的文章”，其中的关系代词that在此译成了“的”字。
She was not in the train which arrived just now.她不在刚到的那列火车上。
定语从句经典例句20个
定语从句经典例句20例
哎呀，说起这个定语从句，咱们四川人也得整得巴巴适适的。
你看这些例句，保管你一听就懂，一用就灵！
1.我屋头那个喜欢唱歌的妹儿，昨晚上又上了电视嘞。
2.街上卖糖葫芦那个老头儿，手艺好得不得了，糖稀裹得又亮又匀。
3.教室头坐最后一排、天天戴眼镜看书那个同学，成绩好得吓人。
4.昨晚吃饭，遇到个穿红裙子、笑起来有酒窝的女娃儿，真是乖惨了。
5.公园里头，那个遛狗还唱歌的大爷，生活过得有滋有味。
6.办公室里头，经常加班到深夜、电脑面前埋头苦干那位，升职是迟早的事。
7.楼下那家开了十几年的面馆，味道巴适、价格公道，是街坊邻居的心头好。
8.河边散步，看到个牵着小手、教娃儿走路的年轻妈妈，画面温馨得很。
9.班上那个打篮球最凶、个子最高的男生，今天比赛又得了MVP。
10.超市里头，推着购物车、仔细比价的那个阿姨，过日子真有一手。
还有好多好多，比如：
11.书店角落头，看科幻小说看得入迷、时不时还皱眉头的小伙子，肯定是科幻迷。
12.路上遇到的，牵着盲人爷爷过马路的那个小女孩，心地善良得很。
13.夜市里头，摆摊卖手工饰品、手艺精巧的那个小姐姐，每件作品都是独一无二。
这些个例句，都是咱们生活中常见的场景，用四川话一讲，是不是觉得更亲切、更容易理解了呢？定语从句，其实就这么简单！。
英语中的定语从句用法
英语中的定语从句用法定语从句是英语中非常重要的一种句子结构，它能够为主句提供更多的信息，使句子更加丰富和准确。
在学习和运用定语从句时，我们需要掌握一些基本的用法和注意事项。
一、定语从句的引导词定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导。
关系代词包括that, which, who, whom, whose等，而关系副词则包括where, when, why等。
在选择引导词时，我们需要根据引导词在定语从句中的作用来决定。
1. 当引导词在定语从句中作主语时，我们可以使用关系代词who, which或that。
例如：The girl who is standing over there is my sister.（那个站在那边的女孩是我妹妹。
）2. 当引导词在定语从句中作宾语时，我们可以使用关系代词whom, which或that。
例如：I have a friend whom I can always rely on.（我有一个朋友，我总是可以依靠他。
）3. 当引导词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们可以使用关系代词whom, which或关系副词where, when等。
例如：This is the hotel where we stayed last summer.（这是我们去年夏天住过的酒店。
）二、定语从句的位置定语从句可以出现在主句的前面或后面，具体位置取决于定语从句的内容和语境。
当定语从句的内容对于理解主句非常重要时，我们通常将其放在主句的后面。
例如：I bought a book that was recommended by my teacher.（我买了一本被我的老师推荐的书。
）另外，当定语从句的内容对于理解主句并不是非常重要时，我们通常将其放在主句的前面，并用逗号与主句隔开。
例如：The weather being fine, we decided to go for a picnic.（天气很好，我们决定去野餐。
(完整版)定语从句语法详解
定语从句语法专题（Attributive Clauses）教案一. 定语从句的概述:1.定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
在句中做定语，被修饰的名词或代词，叫做先行词。
从句通常放在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导。
其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
eg She is the girl（who got the first prize.）girl先行词who充当从句主语, 从句做定语修饰girlThis is the boy who broke the window.这就是打破窗子的孩子。
the boy是先行词, who broke the window是限制性定语从句, 明确指出theboy是打破窗子的那个孩子,who 在从句中充当主语That is the house where he lived ten years ago.He is the man who/that lives next door.He is the man who I want to see.先行词关系词定语从句复合句: 是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子, 复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的的主语和谓语, 主句是复合句的主体, 可以独立存在, 从句需要有一个连词引导, 是修饰说明主句的, 不能独立存在, 根据在句中的不同作用, 从句可以分为三类: 定语从句, 名词性从句, 状语从句。
二. 引导定语从句的关系词有两大类:1.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词: that, who, whom, whose, which, as（主, 宾, 定）关系副词: when, where, why.（状语）2.关系词的作用:（1）引导定语从句, 在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用；（2）代替先行词在句中充当成分。
定语从句详解(经典)
Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power. where, when，why
先行词
which, who, whom, whose, that
关系词
关系代词
定语从句
关系副词
二、用法:
关系代词: 引导定语从句的关系代词
who whom whose
that
which
4. The gentleman ___ you told me
yesterday proved to be a thief.
A. who
B. about whom C. whom
5. The doctor ___ you are looking for is in
the room.
A. whom B. what
Beijing is the citwyheirne which I was born.
why
• why可用for +which 代替
1.This is the reason. 2.I was late for school wfohircht. his reason.
why
This is the reason for which I was late for school.
2. which, that 的用法
which 作定语从句的主语或宾语.
可省略
This is a truck which / that is made in
China.
作主语
I like the book (which / that) you bought yesterday作. 宾语
只能用that的情况
定语从句的引导词和语法结构
定语从句的引导词和语法结构定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分，用来修饰名词或代词，起到进一步说明、限定或描述的作用。
定语从句通常由引导词引导，并由主语、谓语和修饰成分构成。
一、引导词1. 关系代词：关系代词有that、which、who、whom、whose等。
- that: 用来修饰人或物，在限定性定语从句中可以作为主语或宾语。
- which: 用来修饰物，在限定性定语从句中可以作为主语或宾语。
- who/whom: 用来修饰人，在限定性定语从句中作为主语或宾语。
- whose: 用来表示所属关系，在定语从句中修饰名词。
2. 关系副词：关系副词有where、when和why。
- where: 用来修饰地点，在定语从句中作状语。
- when: 用来修饰时间，在定语从句中作状语。
- why: 用来修饰原因，在定语从句中作状语。
二、语法结构1. 非限定性定语从句（用逗号隔开）：非限定性定语从句在句中仅起补充说明的作用，如果省略，句子仍然完整。
- 关系代词引导的非限定性定语从句：通常由which或who引导。
例如：The book, which is on the table, is mine.这本书，放在桌子上的那本，是我的。
Tom, who is my best friend, is coming to the party.汤姆，我的好朋友，要来参加派对。
- 关系副词引导的非限定性定语从句：通常由where、when、why 引导。
例如：I will never forget the day when we first met.我永远不会忘记我们第一次见面的那一天。
2. 限定性定语从句：限定性定语从句在句中起修饰或限制的作用，如果省略，句子意思会发生改变。
- 关系代词引导的限定性定语从句：通常由that、which、who、whom、whose引导。
例如：The car that is parked in front of my house is red.停在我家前面的那辆车是红色的。
定语从句句知识点总结
定语从句句知识点总结基本结构定语从句由关系代词和关系副词引导，其基本结构如下：关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that关系副词：when, where, why关系代词的用法1. 关系代词作宾语The man who(m) I met yesterday is a doctor.昨天我遇到的那个人是一名医生。
这里的定语从句“whom I met yesterday”修饰先行词“the man”，在句中作宾语。
2. 关系代词作主语The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.我从图书馆借来的那本书很有趣。
定语从句“that I borrowed from the library”修饰先行词“the book”，在句中作主语。
3. 关系代词作表语The reason why he was late is that his car broke down.他迟到的原因是他的车坏了。
定语从句“why he was late”修饰先行词“the reason”，在句中作表语。
4. 关系代词作定语The girl whose mother is a teacher is my best friend.那个母亲是老师的女孩是我最好的朋友。
定语从句“whose mother is a teacher”修饰先行词“the girl”。
关系副词的用法1. 关系副词引导地点状语从句This is the hotel where we stayed last year.这就是我们去年住过的旅馆。
定语从句“where we stayed last year”修饰先行词“the hotel”。
2. 关系副词引导时间状语从句He remembered the day when he first met her.他记得他第一次见到她的那天。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
关系代词（一）
1. who 指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）
A person who steals things is called a thief.
The man（ who） I talked with is our teacher.
2. whom 指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略,如介词提 前则不能省) The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.
1. who/that 2. which/that/ 3.who/that 4.whom/that/ / / 5. that
that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但 在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。
(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。 I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow. (2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等 修饰时。 I’ve read all the books that are not mine. (3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。 This is the first book (that) he has read. (4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。 This is the very book that belongs to him.
引导词: 关系代词( who / whom /which / that
whose )
关系副词(when / where / why)
The woman got the job.
The woman can speak Russian.
（主语）
The woman who can speak Russian got the job.
Do you find the pen with which I wrote just now?
1）I will never forget the day ____I joined the army. 2) I will never forget the days____I worked in the school. 3) I will never forget the year ___my son went to college. 4) I got home at 7:00 p.m. yesterday, ____most people had had supper.
说明 ：当 Do you know the man? 先行词在 You will visit him today. 句中作宾 语时，口 Do you know the man (whom/who ) 语 中常用 you will visit today? who 或省 略 ,书面 语中常用 whom
Do you know the man?
He came to visit you today. Do you know the man who came to visit you today?
The man is kind. Everyone likes him. （宾语）
The man (who) everyone likes is kind.
Join two sentences into one: The boy is my brother. He helped me. Do you know the man? We saw him last night . The students will not pass the exam. They don’t work hard. 1. The boy who helped me is my brother. 2. Do you know the man whom we saw பைடு நூலகம்ast night? 3.The students who don’t work hard will not pass the exam.
The apple which is green is big.
Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat. The goat is eating her flowers. Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat which is eating her flowers. Can you lend me the book? You talked about it last night. Can you lend me the book (which) you talked about last night.
boy
The boy is handsome.
The boy who is handsome is Tom.
The boy who is tall is Tom. The boy who is clever is Tom The boy who is naughty is Tom.
1.The girl who has a long hair is my good friend. 2.The girl who is dancing is called Mary.
The boy is in the lab.
You want to talk to him. The boy (whom) you want to talk to is in the lab. The boy to whom you want to talk is in the lab. This is the boy. I sit behind him. This is the boy (whom) I sit behind. This is the boy behind whom I sit.
The teacher will give us a talk.
The teacher is famous. The teacher who is famous will give us a talk.
He is the teacher.
The teacher
can speak French. He is the teacher who can speak French.
The Attributive Clause
1、了解定语从句 2、 先行词 3、关系代词 4、关系副词 正确使用 who whom which whose when where why
教学目标
教学重点
that
the handsome the tall the clever the naughty The boy is Tom.
Can you lend me the book about which you talked last night?
反馈练习
Do you find the pen? I wrote with it just now. Do you find the pen (which) I wrote with just now?
The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.
the green the red the big the small
apple
The apple is mine.It is red.
The apple which is red is mine. The apple which is green is yours. The apple which is red is small
Is this the library (which) you borrow books from? Is this the library from which you borrow books?
4. that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语 可省略）
A plane is a machine. It can fly. A plane is a machine that/which can fly.
关系代词四 whose 作定语
will not pass the exam.
4) The woman ___________________ you saw in
the park is our English teacher. 5) He talked happily about the men and books____ __________ interested him greatly in the school.
He is the man. I told you about him.
He is the man (that/who/whom) I told you about.
关系代词 （三）
注意：介词提前时 不能用that 。
Is this the library from which he from that borrowed books? She is the woman with whom I with that talked yesterday.
1)A teacher is a person________________ teaches.
2) The car _______________________ my uncle
bought last week was stolen.
3) The students ________________ don’t study hard
1.on which 2.during which 3.in which 4.by which