Carbon Footprint

Buy green electricity
Wind, solar, hydro
Offset remaining CO2 emissions
Buying Certified emission reduction units (CER), voluntary emission reduction units (VER), etc.
Carbon footprint - An Introduction
Kequan Pei
China Regional Climate Centre Earthwatch Institute kpei@
Contents
❖ Introduction - terms ❖ What is a carbon footprint? ❖ Why calculate a carbon footprint? ❖ Calculating a carbon footprint ❖ Examples
Measuring Carbon Footprints Scope of Measurement
A complete site/organisation A particular product or activity Clear definition of boundaries of system under investigation is needed
Measure Carbon Footprint
Energy used for cooling, heating, lighting and office equipment Energy used for business travel
Reduce energy consumption
Energy efficiency
Measuring Carbon Footprint
Prioritize Scope
Scope 1: Direct emissions from sources under the control of the agency or institution Scope 2: Indirect emissions resulting from purchase of electricity, heat or steam Scope 3: All other indirect emissions resulting from employee commuting, business travel, etc.
From Dr. P. Balachandra’s slide
Multiply Activity level, energy consumption with emission factor
Examples
The following slides are borrowed from Dr. P. Balachandra
Carbon Footprint - Comparisons
Total CO2 emissions in Million tonne/year in 2004 and in bracket are per capita emissions in tonne/year in 2004
China – 5,010 (3.84) India – 1,343 (1.20) USA – 6,049 (20.4) Japan – 1,258 (9.84) Kenya – 10.59 (0.31) Ghana – 7.19 (0.33)
Carbon footprint
/en/index.php/GFN/page/carbon_footprint/
Climate Change and Carbon Footprint
Carbon footprint is the measure of carbon emissions to the atmosphere Increased concentration of CO2 and other GHGs in the atmosphere is causing climate change Climate change refers to a statistically significant variation in either the mean state of the climate or in its variability, persisting for an extended period
World Primary Energy Demand
Global Energy-Related CO2 Emissions
OECD-Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Carbon Footprint
Direct or onsite emissions (Primary footprint) Indirect or life-cycle emissions (Secondary footprint)
CO2, CH4 (21 times CO2) and N2O (310 times CO2)
Define boundary
Decide which greenhouse gases (GHGs) to include
Data
Calculation
Activity level: Production in tonne, distance travelled Energy consumption: hours of usage, kg or litre consumed, tonnes used, etc.
Calculating a carbon footprint
Define the methodology Specify the boundary and scope of coverage Collect emissions data and calculate the footprint Verify results(optional) Disclose the footprint (optional)
Carbon Footprint - Scope
Estimating Carbon footprints of a service sector (officebased) organization like Bank
Scope 1 emissions: Direct Emissions (Emission sources owned or controlled by the bank) GHG emissions from fuel use in facilities GHG emissions from transport or mobile sources (owned vehicles) Scope 2 emissions: Indirect Emissions (Emissions from use of purchased electricity, heat or steam) Indirect GHG emissions from purchased electricity Allocation of Emissions from a Combined Heat and Power Plant Scope 3 emissions: Other Indirect Emissions (All other emissions) GHG Emissions from employee commuting GHG emissions from business travel GHG emissions from transport or mobile sources
Why calculate a carbon footprint
To manage the footprint and reduce emissions over time To report the footprint accurately to a third party.
(Source: )
Department of Management Studies Indian Institute of Science Bangalore – 560 012, INDIA
patilb@mgmt.iisc.ernet.in
Reducing Carbon Footprint – HSBC Strategy
Machinery to make computers Transport Energy Requirements (captive, heating) Electricity for heating/cooling/ lighting, PCs A Bank Business Corporate Computers
Terms
✴ Carbon footprint ✴ Ecological footprint ✴ Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
What is a carbon footprint ?
A carbon footprint is "the total set of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions caused by an organization, event or product". For simplicity of reporting, it is often expressed in terms of the amount of carbon dioxide, or its equivalent of other GHGs, emitted. The concept and name of the carbon footprint originates from the ecological footprint discussion. The carbon footprint is a subset of the ecological footprint and of the more comprehensive Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). LCA is an internationally standardized method (ISO 14040, ISO 14044) for the evaluation of the environmental burdens and resources consumed along the life cycle of products; from the extraction of raw materials, the manufacture of goods, their use by final consumers or for the provision of a service, recycling, energy recovery and ultimate disposal. The ecological footprint is a measure of human demand on the Earth's ecosystems. It compares human demand with planet Earth's ecological capacity to regenerate. It represents thБайду номын сангаас amount of biologically productive land and sea area needed to regenerate the resources a human population consumes and to absorb and render harmless the corresponding waste.