牛津高中英语模块四Unit 1 Grammar and usage课件
4. 如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间 接引语时用whether/if 引导，且用陈述 句语序。 e.g. She asked me, „Are you the happiest person in your family?‟ She asked me whether/if I was the happiest person in my family.
Grammar and usage
Direct speech and reported speech & Reported speech: statements, questions and imperative sentences
Look at the following sentences: Tom: What are you going to do this summer holiday? Amy: I am going to travel to Beijing with my parents.
Besides the major changes in sentence structure, there are also changes in: • Personal pronouns • Tenses • Adverbials of time and place • Other cases
3. 如果直接引语中有明确表示过去的 时间状语，在变为间接引语时，一 般过去时不必变为过去完成时。 e.g. He said, „The great inventor was born in 1884.‟ He told me that the great inventor was born in 1884.
next month the month after/the following month
Other cases: Some more examples of the changes:
Direct speech this these come Reported speech that those
Personal pronouns: She said, „I did some research.‟ She said that she had done some research. Ann said, „I have finished this letter.‟ Ann said that she had finished that letter.
go
Read the advertisement and complete the letter on Page 9. Answers: 1. _______ 2. _______ was would be 3. _________ had read would 6. had 4. _______ 5. _______ _________ that bought 7. _______ 8. _______ would 9. ________ those that 10. ______ her
Adverbials of time and place: e.g. Tom said, „I am working here today.‟ Tom said he was working there that day.
The following table shows other examples:
Reported speech
Present continuous Past continuous Present perfect Past perfect
Past perfect
Past perfect
Tips: „Light travels at a great speed,‟ said Ms Li. Ms Li said that light travels at a great speed. We do not change the tense when we report a proverb or a fact that doesn’t change over time.
5. 如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接 引语时，仍用该特殊疑问词，用陈述句 语序。 e.g. She asked me, „When will the advertisements be on air?‟ She asked me when the advertisements would be on air.
Now try to answer: What did Amy say? Amy said that she was going to travel to Beijing with her parents.
Direct speech and reported speech
What is the difference between direct speech and reported speech? Direct speech is to report what exactly has been said while reported speech or indirect speech is to report what has been said without using exact words.
Read Part A on Page 11 and practise reporting questions using whether/if or wh-words. Answers: 2. Wang Qin asked ________________________ how it could help him __________________________________. remember English words. 3. Lu Kai asked ___________________________ whether/if it taught listening and speaking __________________________________.
3. Imperative sentences • To report imperative sentences, we can use the structure: reporting verb + object +(not) + to infinitive e.g. The candidate said to the manager, „Please give me five minutes for preparation.‟ The candidate asked the manager to give him five minutes for preparation.
Reported speech: statements, questions and imperative sentences 1. Statements • We use noun clauses introduced by that to report statements. The word that can be omitted. e.g. She said (that) advertisements were almost everywhere nowadays.
Direct speech today
tomorrow yesterday a week ago
Reported speech
that day/yesterday, etc. the next day/the following day, etc. the day before/ the previous day, etc. a week before/ a week earlier, etc.
How to change the tenses: Direct speech Simple present Simple future Reported speech Simple past Future in the past
Simple past
Past perfect来自irect speechHow can we change direct speech into reported speech? We can change direct speech into reported speech by using an object clause or an infinitive phrase.
For example: He said, „I‟m used to such embarrassing comments.‟ He said that he was used to such embarrassing comments.
„We must not give up in the face of pressure!‟ she said. She encouraged us not to give up in the face of pressure.
We use noun clauses introduced by whwords to report wh-questions. e.g. „Where did you find the advertisements for jobs abroad?‟ Bill asked. Bill asked where I had found the advertisements for jobs abroad.
There are more reporting verbs other than say and tell: advise explain insist announce suggest promise warn
e.g. The write explained that PSAs were often run for free.
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译林牛津版高中英语必修四 Unit1 Grammar and usage (共33张PPT)
二随宾
3.Miss Che asked: “Does she like thefilm ?”
三不变
Miss Che asked whether/if she liked the film.
①直接引语里的第一人称，变为间接引语时要和主句的主语保持 一致。
②直接引语里的第二人称，变为间接引语时要和主句的宾语保持 一致。
The changes of personal pronouns时态变化
Simple past (did)
Future in the past (would do)
Past perfect (had done)
Past continuous (was/were
doinge) Past perfect (had done)
like the film ?”
indirect speech
Miss Che asked whether/if she liked the film.
Conlusion3:
Miss Che asked: “Does she like the film ?”
Miss Che asked whether/if she liked the film.
Jack asked Rose to keep her eyes closed.
Jack said to Rose, “(You)Open your eyes.”
(imperative)
Jack asked Rose to open her eyes.
Think: What are the differences ?
Europe.
3.She said “l have never seen the sea” She said that she had never seen the sea.
Unit 1 Grammar and usage 课件-高中英语牛津译林版 选择性必修第四册
(1) ___c___, they were not one hundred per cent real. Actually,
they were taken by a professional photographer. Besides, they were
also carefully edited (2) __e_____. We know that social media
Adverbial clause of concession Although he spent many years in the UK, ...
Useful Expressions
肩负沉重的责任 bear the heavy burden of responsibility 全身心投入做某事 devote oneself to doing sth. 践行社会主义核心价值观 practise core socialist values 攻读博士学位 work on one’s PhD 辞职 resign one’s post 被任命为首席科学家 be made chief scientist 地球深部勘探项目 deep-Earth exploration programme
With China continuing its rapid growth, Chinese scientists and researchers are returning home from abroad to aid in their country's development. One of those scientists was the renowned Huang Danian, a geophysicist who returned to China from Britain and contributed greatly to deep earth exploration technology.
they were taken by a professional photographer. Besides, they were
also carefully edited (2) __e_____. We know that social media
Adverbial clause of concession Although he spent many years in the UK, ...
Useful Expressions
肩负沉重的责任 bear the heavy burden of responsibility 全身心投入做某事 devote oneself to doing sth. 践行社会主义核心价值观 practise core socialist values 攻读博士学位 work on one’s PhD 辞职 resign one’s post 被任命为首席科学家 be made chief scientist 地球深部勘探项目 deep-Earth exploration programme
With China continuing its rapid growth, Chinese scientists and researchers are returning home from abroad to aid in their country's development. One of those scientists was the renowned Huang Danian, a geophysicist who returned to China from Britain and contributed greatly to deep earth exploration technology.
Unit1BacktoschoolGrammarandUsage课件-高中英语牛津译林版(2020)
• 宾语中有些动词需要两个同等的宾语，即直接宾语(direct object) 与间接宾语(indirect object)。直接宾语一般指动作的承受者，间接 宾语指动作所向的或所为的人和物(多指人)，间接宾语一般须与 直接宾语连用,通常放在直接宾语之前。
• I have found him a place. • 我给他找到了一个位置。(him为间接宾语,place为直接宾语) • She gives me a book. • 她给了我一本书。 • Please bring me a glass of water. • 请给我带一杯水来。 • Mother cooks breakfast for us every day. • 母亲每天都为我们做早饭。
• My job is to teach them English. • 我的工作是教他们英语。 (不定式短语) • Now they are at home. • 现在他们在家里。 (介词短语) • The book is what I need. • 这本书是我需要的。 (从句) • He got lost in the forest. • 他在森林里迷路了。 (过去分词) • His hobby is swimming. • 他的爱好是游泳。 (动名词)
简单句的五种基本句型
Vi
主 语
谓 语
Vt
V-l
Noun / Pronoun/ The + adj/
V-ing / Clause/ Infinitive
Noun / Pronoun / The + adj/
V-ing / Clause / Infinitive
宾语 宾语(直) 宾语(间) 宾语 宾补
• the room above 楼上的房间 the world today 今日世界 (副词) • That’s the way to do it. • 那正是做此事的方法。(不定式) • a walking stick 拐杖 sleeping pills 安眠药 (动词-ing形式) • a retired worker 一个退休工人 a faded flower 一朵凋谢了的花(过
牛津高中英语模块四unit1--Grammar-and-usage公开课获奖课件百校联赛一等奖课件
4. He said, “I saw a film yesterday.” He said that he had seen a film the day before.
5. He said, “I had learned 3,000 English words by the end of last term. He said that he had learned 3,000 English words by the end of the term before.
4. My mother said, “Have your bad tooth been pulled out?” My mother asked if my bad tooth had been pulled out.
5. “How will you go to the park?” Brown said to his younger brother. Brown asked his younger brother how he would go to the park.
注意：下列几种情况时态 不变 ①直接引语是客观真理。
The teacher said "The earth moves around the sun .” → The teacher said that the earth moves around
the sun earth.
②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。
The student said to his head teacher, “I’ll go to the Great Wall tomorrow.”
3. I asked her if she enjoyed the movie she had seen. I said to her, “Do you enjoy the movie you saw?”
精选高中 4Module1Grammar (共27张PPT)公开PPT课件
Subject Clauses &
Predicative Clauses （主语从句和表语从句）
Group A: I know him.
主语
The film is interesting.
主语：是一个句子说明的人或事物,即叙
述的主题，一般位于谓__语__动_词__或__系_动___ 。
词之前
Group B: The girl is _b_e_a_u_t_if_u_l_. The food tastes_n_i_ce_. 表语
conclusion：引导词的选择三步骤
• Step 1：如果从句中缺少主语，或者宾语， 或者表语，则考虑连接代词
What, who, which, whose, whatever, whoever… • Step 2：如果从句中既不缺少主语，宾语， 也不缺少表语，但是缺少一定意义的状语， 则考虑用连接副词:
3.因此现在我想做的就是改变这种状况。
So ____w_h_a_t__I _w_a_n_t__to__d_o__n_o_w____________is
to change the situation.
Consolidation: 用主语从句或表语从句翻译。
4.我知道培养好的饮食习惯非常重要。 I know i_t_is__o_f_g_re_a_t__im__p_o_rt_a_n_c_e_t_h_a_t_I_c_a_n_d_e_v_e_lop ______a__g_o_o_d_e_a_t_in_g__h_a_b_it_.________________ 5.与此同时，能否坚持锻炼身体也是关键。 Meanwhile, _w_h_e_t_h_e_r_I_c_a_n_i_n_s_is_t_o_n__re_g_u_l_a_r___ ___________e_x_e_rc_i_se______________ is crucial. 6.但是，我坚信有志者事竟成。 But my belief isth_a_t__w_h_e_r_e_t_h_e_r_e_is__w_i_ll,_t_h_e_r_e_i_s.a way
Predicative Clauses （主语从句和表语从句）
Group A: I know him.
主语
The film is interesting.
主语：是一个句子说明的人或事物,即叙
述的主题，一般位于谓__语__动_词__或__系_动___ 。
词之前
Group B: The girl is _b_e_a_u_t_if_u_l_. The food tastes_n_i_ce_. 表语
conclusion：引导词的选择三步骤
• Step 1：如果从句中缺少主语，或者宾语， 或者表语，则考虑连接代词
What, who, which, whose, whatever, whoever… • Step 2：如果从句中既不缺少主语，宾语， 也不缺少表语，但是缺少一定意义的状语， 则考虑用连接副词:
3.因此现在我想做的就是改变这种状况。
So ____w_h_a_t__I _w_a_n_t__to__d_o__n_o_w____________is
to change the situation.
Consolidation: 用主语从句或表语从句翻译。
4.我知道培养好的饮食习惯非常重要。 I know i_t_is__o_f_g_re_a_t__im__p_o_rt_a_n_c_e_t_h_a_t_I_c_a_n_d_e_v_e_lop ______a__g_o_o_d_e_a_t_in_g__h_a_b_it_.________________ 5.与此同时，能否坚持锻炼身体也是关键。 Meanwhile, _w_h_e_t_h_e_r_I_c_a_n_i_n_s_is_t_o_n__re_g_u_l_a_r___ ___________e_x_e_rc_i_se______________ is crucial. 6.但是，我坚信有志者事竟成。 But my belief isth_a_t__w_h_e_r_e_t_h_e_r_e_is__w_i_ll,_t_h_e_r_e_i_s.a way
高中英语module4教学资料unit1 unit1 grammar 44页PPT文档
栏目 导引
Unit 1 Women of achievement
【对接高考】 1．(2019·高考湖南卷)All the scientific evidence _______ that increasing use of chemicals in farming _______ damaging our health.( D ) A．show；are B．shows；are C．show；is D．shows；is 解析：句意：所有的科学证据表明在农业生产中越来越多 地 使用化学品对我们的健康有害。evidence为不可数名词,作 主 语时谓语动词用单数；题干中的第二个空的主语应该是use, 为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数，故D项正确。
栏目 导引
Unit 1 Women of achievement
One of the persons who were invited to the party is Tom.汤姆 是应邀参加晚会的人之一。 The only one of the teachers who was praised on Teachers’ Day was Mrs.Wang. 王老师是教师节仅有的一位受表彰的老师。 14．one or two＋n.(pl.)作主语,谓语动词要用复数;但在“a(n) ＋n.(sing.)＋or two”结构之后,谓语动词却常用单数。 One or two students are not enough for the work. 一两个学生是完不成这项工作的。 A student or two is not enough for the work. 一两个学生是完不成这项工作的。
Neither you nor I am wrong.你和我都没有错。 Not only Thomas but also his parents have been invited to attend the party. 不仅托马斯,他的双亲也受到邀请出席宴会.
Unit 1 Women of achievement
【对接高考】 1．(2019·高考湖南卷)All the scientific evidence _______ that increasing use of chemicals in farming _______ damaging our health.( D ) A．show；are B．shows；are C．show；is D．shows；is 解析：句意：所有的科学证据表明在农业生产中越来越多 地 使用化学品对我们的健康有害。evidence为不可数名词,作 主 语时谓语动词用单数；题干中的第二个空的主语应该是use, 为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数，故D项正确。
栏目 导引
Unit 1 Women of achievement
One of the persons who were invited to the party is Tom.汤姆 是应邀参加晚会的人之一。 The only one of the teachers who was praised on Teachers’ Day was Mrs.Wang. 王老师是教师节仅有的一位受表彰的老师。 14．one or two＋n.(pl.)作主语,谓语动词要用复数;但在“a(n) ＋n.(sing.)＋or two”结构之后,谓语动词却常用单数。 One or two students are not enough for the work. 一两个学生是完不成这项工作的。 A student or two is not enough for the work. 一两个学生是完不成这项工作的。
Neither you nor I am wrong.你和我都没有错。 Not only Thomas but also his parents have been invited to attend the party. 不仅托马斯,他的双亲也受到邀请出席宴会.
Unit1HonestyandresponsibilityGrammarandusage课件高中英语
从句类型 常用连词
补充
方式状语 as, as if /
从句
though, ...
the way, rather than也可引导 方式状语从句
程度状语 从句
比较状语 从句
so (that), such that, as / so far as, as / so long as, ...
to the degree / extent (that)也 可引导程度状 语从句
as 从句谓语动词一般为延续性动词。主 从句动作同时发生或交替进行,意为“一边……, 一边 …;随着…”
.
例句：
It was raining when we arrived. 我们到达时,天正在下雨。 While I was watching TV, the bell rang. 我在看电视时,铃响了。 As she grew older, she gained in confidence. 随着年龄的增长,她的自信心增强了。
从句
as, only if,
provided, ...
补充
if 不能用whether 替换；on condition that, suppose / supposing (that) 也可引导条件状 语从句
四、条件状语从句
if、 unless、providing/provided that (如果)、 suppose that (假如)、in case that (万一)、 on condition that (如果)、as/so long as (只要)。
By the time you have finished the task, the guests will get back. 当你完成任务时,客人就回来了
Unit1GrammarandUsage句子成分和结构课件高中英语牛津译林版(2020)
基本句型一 主+谓
① The sun rises. ② Time flies. ③ The man smokes heavily. ④ They stopped when the phone was ringing. ⑤ They talked for half an hour. Conclusion: 这类动词叫做 不及物动词 , 后面不跟宾语，但 是可以带状语。
系动词分类
1) 表状态的be动词：be,is,am,are,was,were 2)表感官的动词: look, sound, taste, smell, feel, 3)表变化的动词: 4)表持续的动词： remain, stay, keep, continue 5)表表像的动词: seem, appear (似乎，好像) 6)表终止的动词： prove, turn out（证明 always makes his parents angry.
A
D定
状 频率
B
定
C
补
英语中一共两种修饰成分：
修饰名词的叫“定语” 修饰名词以外的其他成分的统统叫“状语”
Leona
Practice 学法P26-30
Leona
P6 A Exploring the rules： 1. I agree. 2. Setting goals gives you a focus. 3. These habits will be helpful. 4. Setting goals makes you more confident. 5. You will live a happy life.
现在分词 doing
They found the house broken in.
牛津译林版高中英语必修四模块四unit1Grammarandusage
Thegeographyteachersaidtous,“Theearthgoe saroundthesun.”
Thegeographyteachertoldusthattheearthgoe saroundthesun.
CompletethememoatPage9
Possibleanswers: (1)was(2)wouldn’t(3)hadread (4)that(5)would(6)hadbought (7)that(8)would(9)those (10)Her(11)was (12)wasgoingtoread
reportingverb
object
(not)
to-infinitive
*otherverbscanbeusedinthisstructure adviseencourageinviteremindwarn ‘Don’tbelieveeveryadyouread,’Lilysaidtome. LilyadvisedmenottobelieveeveryadIread.
aweekbefore/aweekearlier,etc.
Practice2:Changethefollowingsentences intoreportedspeech.
1‘Iwillcomeandseeyouagainthisevening,Tom.’hesaid.
HetoldTomthathewouldgoandseehimagain 2‘tIhwaitlelcvoemnienhge. reagaintoday,’shesaid.
Practice:Changethefollowingsentences intoreportedspeech.
1Mymotheraskedme,‘DoyouwanttogototheGreatWall withme?’ MymotheraskedmewhetherIwantedtogotothe GreatWallwithher.
Thegeographyteachertoldusthattheearthgoe saroundthesun.
CompletethememoatPage9
Possibleanswers: (1)was(2)wouldn’t(3)hadread (4)that(5)would(6)hadbought (7)that(8)would(9)those (10)Her(11)was (12)wasgoingtoread
reportingverb
object
(not)
to-infinitive
*otherverbscanbeusedinthisstructure adviseencourageinviteremindwarn ‘Don’tbelieveeveryadyouread,’Lilysaidtome. LilyadvisedmenottobelieveeveryadIread.
aweekbefore/aweekearlier,etc.
Practice2:Changethefollowingsentences intoreportedspeech.
1‘Iwillcomeandseeyouagainthisevening,Tom.’hesaid.
HetoldTomthathewouldgoandseehimagain 2‘tIhwaitlelcvoemnienhge. reagaintoday,’shesaid.
Practice:Changethefollowingsentences intoreportedspeech.
1Mymotheraskedme,‘DoyouwanttogototheGreatWall withme?’ MymotheraskedmewhetherIwantedtogotothe GreatWallwithher.
Unit+1+Grammar+and+usage+课件-高中英语牛津译林版(2020)必修第三册
作GreenHope 的同位语， be devoted to sth/doing 致力于…wh…at的if+句子？假使……将会怎么样？
stop/prevent/keep people from doing阻止某人做某事
a地bs；olu极ctlee其大layn；捞aud专p一v.清制绝笔理地对；；，地收整独，割治裁完；地全 absolute adj. 完全的，纯粹的； 绝对的；专职独裁的；独立的
overcome her difficulty.
11.To the couple’s great surprise, the house was in a mess as if
(break)into.
12. Time, when
(use) correctly, is money in the bank.
job. 5.treated 考查条件状语从句的省略,补充完整后为 unless finger sucking/it is treated properly。 6.directed 考查方式状语从句的省略,补充完整后为as they are directed。
pared 考查时间状语从句的省略,补充完整后为when it is compared with.... 8.as/so 考查比较状语从句的省略,补充完整后为as/so strong as yours is. 9.surprised 考查让步状语从句的省略,补充完整后为 Though the professor was surprised to see uso 10.Were 考查 If 虚拟条件从句的省略,补充完整后为 If it were not for.... 11.broken 考查方式状语从句的省略,补充完整后为 as if it was broken into. ed 考查时间状语从句的省略,补充完整后为 when it is used correctly.