初中常见相似词语辨析之一

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

初中常见相似词语辨析之一

(一) borrow,lend

这一对动词都是“借”、“借用”的意思,但使用场合不同。

Borrow是“借他人的东西以暂时使用”,表示“从(问)…借”之意,故译“借入”;其搭配介词为from。例:

May I borrow your car?

我可以借你的汽车用一下吗?

Did you borrow money from him ?

你问他借过钱吗?

Some people are good at borrowing but had at giving back.

有些人很会借东西,但很少归还。

Japanese has borrowed heavily from Chinese.

日语从汉语借用了大量的词汇。

Lend是“将自己的东西暂时借给别人使用”,表示“借给……”之意,故译“借出”;其搭配介词为to。例:

Will you lend me your car?

你可否把汽车借给我?

I'm sorry.I've already lent my car to Mr.Wang.

对不起,我已经把我的汽车借给王先生了。

在某些场合下,“lend…to”可以表示“给予”、“赋予”之意。例:A fireplace lends coziness to a room.

壁炉给房间带来温暖舒适之感。

A becoming dress lends charm to a lady.

合身的服装会给女士增添魅力。

The rural environment lent itself to the restoration of his health.

乡村的环境有助于他恢复健康。

Loan与lend同义,前者大都用于美国,后者大多用于英国:

He loaned/lend me all the antiques for exhibition.

他借给我全部古董作为展览之用。

Loan亦可用作名词,如:make a loan(借出);pay off(repay)a loan (偿清或偿还借款)。例:

He obtained cheap loans from the bank.

他从银行获得低息贷款。

(二)bring,take,carry,fetch

这四个词都是动词,都含有“带”或“拿”的意思,但使用场合各不相同。

Bring作“带来”、“拿来”解;take是bring的对语,作“带去”、“拿去”解。例:

Next year you may bring your family over from England.

明年你可以把你的家属从英国带来。

Why don't you bring your girl friend to the party?

你为什么不把你的女友带来参加宴会?

Next time don't forget to brig me a copy of your work.

下次不要忘了把一份您的作品带给我。

Please take these books to the library for me.

请把这些书替我带到图书馆去。

Take the box away,please.

请把盒子拿走。

Carry表示“运载”、“携带”之意,运送的方式很多,可以用车、船,也可以用手甚至用头;fetch则表示“去拿来”(go and bring)的意思。例:

They are carrying some paintings to the art gallery.

他们正在把一些画带到艺术馆去。

This bus is licensed to carry 100 passengers.

这辆巴士规定乘载一百人。

Please fetch me the documents in that room.

请到那间房间去把那些文件拿来给我。

Please wait a minute.He's just gone out to fetch some water.

请等一会儿。他刚出去打水。

现将bring,take和fetch用在一个句中,以便区别:

Take that box and bring it with you,or if it is too heavy for you tocarry it,I'll send Joe to fetch it.

请注意,bring之后可以接不定式和动名词,如:

You will never bring me to admit it.或You will never bring me to admitting it.

在这种场合下,英美人用不定式的居多。bring在这两句中表示cause someone to do something之意(使某人做某事)。

(三)by oneself,for oneself,

in oneself,of oneself

这四个词组的意义有所不同。

By oneself的意思是“单独地”、“靠自己地”(alone or independently)。例:

His father lives by himself in the village.

他的父亲独自一个人住在村里。

All his friends have deserted him and he is all by himself now.

他所有的朋友都离弃他,现在他孤独一人。

For oneself的意义为“为自己”(for himself or for herself)。例:One should not live only for oneself.

人不应单为自己而活。

In oneself的意思是“就其本身或本性而言”。例:

This wood is hard in itself.

这种木头本要就是硬的。

Of oneself的意思是“自然地”、“自发地”、“自动地”(of one's own accord)。例:

Every day I awake of myself at half past five.

每天早上我都是五点半就自己醒来。

The door opened of itself.

相关文档
最新文档