上海市上海交大附中2018-2019学年高一上学期期末英语试题(解析版)
上海市2018-2019年高一上学期期末联考英语试题
第一学期期末联考高一英语试卷【完卷时间：120分钟；满分：150分】第Ⅰ卷（选择题共90分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节(共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分, 满分7.5 分)听下面 5 段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后, 你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are the speakers doing?A. Buying sleeping bags.B. Preparing for camping.C. Cleaning up the car.2. What does the man advise the girl to do now?A. Watch cartoons.B. Go to the park.C. Have lunch.3. What can we infer about the man?A. He was in poor health.B. He didn’t give up drinking.C. He used to be a beer drinker.4. What will the speakers do?A. Cancel their flight.B. Take a trip.C. Listen to the weather report.5. How does the man feel?A. Tired.B. Excited.C. Nervous.第二节(共1 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分, 满分22.5 分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
2018年上海交大附中分校高一英语期末试题含解析
2018年上海交大附中分校高一英语期末试题含解析一、选择题1. Parents would do anything for their children but expect nothing．A. in charge B．in return C．in relief D．in trouble参考答案：B2. —Can I smoke here?--Sorry, we don’t allow __________ here.A. people smokeB.to smokeC. people smokingD. smoking参考答案：D3. Make full use of whatever happens to you, for there is something ________ from every experience.A. learningB. learnedC. to learnD. being learned参考答案：C【详解】考查动词不定式。
句意：充分利用发生在你身上的一切，因为每一次经历都有值得学习的地方。
分析句子可知，本句为动词不定式作后置定语修饰something。
故选C 项。
4. Barack Obama’s victory is a historic victory and ___________ that promised change and overcame centuries of prejudice.A. oneB. itC. the oneD. that参考答案：A5. Plants need water and sunlight to grow well.________，a healthy body requires a balanced diet.A．Actually B．GenerallyC．Similarly D．Scientifically参考答案：C考查副词。
英语_2018-2019学年上海市某校高一(上)期末英语试卷(含答案)
2018-2019学年上海市某校高一（上）期末英语试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections： After reading the passages below， fill inthe blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.1. When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturer's claims， the first step is to present the warranty（保证书），or any other records （1）________ might help， at the store of purchase．In most cases， this action （2）________ （produce） results． However， if it does not，there are various means the consumer （3）________ use to gain satisfaction． A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager． In general， the "higher up" his or her complaint， the faster he or she can expect it （4）________ （settle）． In such a case， it is usually settled in the consumer's favor， assuming he or she has a just claim．Consumers should complain （5）________ person whenever possible， but if they cannot get to the place of purchase， it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter．Complaining is usually （6）________ （effective） when it is done politely but firmly， and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question． If this cannot be done， the consumer will succeed best （7）________ presenting specific information as to what is wrong， instead of by making general statements． For example，"The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear" is better than "This stereo does not work"．（8）________ store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer．（9）________ so， the consumer should do this，stating the complaint as politely and firmly as possible．If a polite complaint does not achieve the （10）________ （desire） result， the consumer can go to a step further． She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumer's rights．Section BDirections： Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.2.Americans know the benefits of having a healthy diet． In school， children learn to eat a variety of healthy foods． People grow up （1）_______ of the value of counting calories． They hear about the health dangers of chemicals added to （2）_______food． They realize they shouldn't eat too many sweets or fats． Many American consumers read （3）_______ carefully for nutrition information． That way they can compare products and eat the best foods．Keeping fit ﹣ or maybe getting in shape ﹣ is often high on the list of New Year's resolutionsfor Americans． In the past two decades， fitness has become a fashion． Many Americans have joined health （4）_______ to work out with professional equipment． Sports stores sell （5）_______ shoes and clothing for every possible exercise situation． People can even buy weights and equipment and set up their own exercise center at home!Statistics give health experts good reason to be disappointed． Americans exercise less than they used to． The number of people taking part in fitness activities （6）_______ from 41.7 million in 1991 to only 32 million in 1993． Among high school students， only 37 percent （7）_______ three times per week． However， 70 percent of teenagers watch at least an hour of TV every day， and 38 percent watch over three hours． As a result， the（8）_______ American gained eight pounds during the 1980's． At least one﹣third of Americans weigh 20 percent more than their ideal weight．Still， by many standards， Americans enjoy good health；（9）_______ care in the United States， while expensive， is among the best in the world． The U．S． Government （10）_______ strict food inspections to ensure that food is of the highest quality． Food producers must label products accurately． Many resources， such as magazines， TV programs and even the Internet， allow people to find out how to improve their health． Americans know how to make themselves more healthy． They just need to do it．III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.3. Auditing（旁听）classes at university is an ideal way of learning or trying out new areas of study without committing yourself． You can study alongside fellow students without any obligation to （1）_______ in formal assessments or gain credits for your degree．The trend of auditing university classes has（2）_______ acrossuniversities． Recently, Fudan Postgraduate, a publication （3）_______ Fudan University, even released a map guide on its campus． Altogether, it features 25courses, including details of lectures, venues, times and recommendations． Students can design their own auditing （4）_______ based on a handy map． Zhu, editor of theguide, said that she has（5）_______ from the trend herself ﹣ she successfully moved from a bachelor's degree in biochemistry to her current one after auditing classes． "Visiting classes helped me a lot． The teachers of outstanding courses seldom teach strictly according to textbooks, which is attractive to students． Their tutoring methods have（6）_______ my mind, " Zhu said．Other students audit purely out of（7）_______． Shi Shuai, 22, a senior majoring in administration management at Shantou University, attended courses in economics and finance for one year． "It is a great way to explore professional knowledge outside your（8）_______, " said Shi, who acquired the basics of accounting and finance management．Despite the（9）_______ of learning in an open environment, university administrators remind us that there are still rules to follow． Not all classes accept outsiders, especially minority language classes and science modules． These are often（10）_______ in small groups to ensure the effectiveness of learning, or require special equipment and individual instruction, （11）_______ is only available to registered students who pay tuition fees．Regulations vary across departments and universities． According to Huang Xiaoxiong, a journalism teacher at Fudan University, students need to ensure that auditing a class is permitted． "It is about basic manners． You need to let the teacher know about your （12）_______, " he explained． "It's polite to greet the teacher when attending acourse． Participate in discussions, but do not distract others, " Huang added． "It's okay to hand in homework assigned by the teacher, but expect general advice rather than careful correction．"Auditing classes（13）_______ or beyond one's ability can be a waste of time, warns Xu Jun, 27, HR manager at Guangzhou Automobile Industry Group． "It's good to audit some classes． But you have to manage your time well, as you can't get any academic credit or formal （14）_______ for these courses, " Xu suggested． "Even though your interests are important, your （15）_______ is the first thing to consider at university．"（1）A limitB hesitationC take partD tendency（2）A sweptB splitC smashedD survived（3）A throughB withC acrossD by（4）A habitB routeC dataD rule（5）A benefitedB transferredC sufferedD managed（6）A keptB burdenedC expandedD changed（7）A kindnessB interestC pressureD instinct（8）A majorB campusC controlD potential（9）A instructionsB advantagesC possibilitiesD qualifications（10）A taughtB caughtC takenD brought（11）A whoB thatC whatD which（12）A preferenceB existenceC expectationD performance（13）A regularlyB purposefullyC moderatelyD aimlessly（14）A educationB investigationC recognitionD comment（15）A decisionB diligenceC devotionD degreeSection BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statement. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.4. People who drink alcohol earn more at their jobs than non﹣drinkers, according to a US study that highlighted "social capital（社交资本）"gained from drinking．The study concluded that drinkers earn ten to fourteen percent more than ________, and that men who drink socially bring home an additional seven percent in pay．"Social drinking builds social capital, " said Edward Stringham, an economics professor, "Social drinkers are outgoing, building relationships, and keeping in contacts, which results in bigger paychecks．"The researchers said the most likely explanation is that drinkers have a wider range of social contacts that help provide better job and business opportunities．"Drinkers may be able to socialize more with clients and co﹣workers, giving drinkers an advantage in important relationships． Drinking may also provide individuals with opportunities to learn people, business, and social skills．"They also said these conclusions provide arguments against policies aimed at controlling alcohol use in university and public places．"Not only do anti﹣alcohol policies reduce drinkers' fun, but they may also decrease earnings, " the study said, "One of the consequences of alcohol restrictions is that they push drinking into private behavior． By preventing people from drinking in public, anti﹣alcohol policies ignores one of the most important aspects of drinking: increased social capital．"The researchers found some differences in the economic effects of drinking among men and women． They concluded that men who drink earn ten percent more than non﹣drinkers and women drinkers earn fourteen percent more than non﹣drinkers．However, unlike men, who get a seven percent income increase from drinking inbars, women drinkers who visit bars frequently do not show higher earnings than those who do not visit bars．（1）The underlined word "________" in paragraph two is closest in meaning to________．A pay checkersB non﹣drinkersC co﹣workersD women drinkers．（2）What's NOT the consequence of anti﹣alcohol policy？________A More people drink in private．B There is less alcohol inuniversities． C Drinkers earn more because they spend less ondrinking． D Drinkers get less fun from drinking．．（3）What can we infer from the result of the study？________A To build social capital， you have no choice but to drink．B Drinking is a good and common way to increase social capital．C Drinkers may be provided more opportunities．D Drinkers build wider social contacts．5. City VarietiesThe Headrow, Leeds． Te1. 430808Oct． 10﹣11 only A Night at the varieties． All the fun of an old music hall with Barry Cryer, Duggle Brown, 6 dancers, Mystina, Jon Barker, Anne Duval and the Tony Harrison Trio． Laugh again at the old jokes and listen to your favourite songs．Performances: 8 pm nightly．Admission: ￡5; under 16 over 60: ￡4York Theatre RoyalSt Leonard's Place, York． Te1. 223568Sept． 23﹣Oct． 17 Groping for words ﹣ a comedy by Sue Townsend． Best known for her Adrian Mole Diaries, Townsend now writes about an evening class with two men and a woman attend． A gentle comedy．Admission: First night, Mon: ￡2; Tues﹣Fri: ￡3.25﹣5.50; Sat: ￡3.50﹣5.75Halifax PlayhouseKing's Cross Street, Hailifax． Te1. 365998Oct． 10﹣17 On Golden Pond by Ernest Thompson． This is a magical comedy about real people． A beautifully produced, well﹣acted play for everyone． Don't miss it．Performances: 7: 30 p．m．Admission: ￡2． Mon: 2 seats for the price of one．Grand TheatreOxford Street, Leeds． Te1. 502116Restaurant and cafe．Oct． 1﹣17 The Secret Diary of Adrian Mole, Aged 13． Sue Townsend's musical play, based on her best﹣selling book．Performances: Evenings 7: 45. 0ctober 10﹣17, at 2: 30 p．m． No Monday performances．Admission: Tues﹣Thues: ￡2﹣5; Fri & Sat: ￡2﹣6（1）Which theatre offers the cheapest seat？________A Halifax PlayhouseB City VarietiesC Grand TheatreD York Theatre Royal．（2）If you want to see a play with old jokes and songs， which phone number will you ring to book a seat？________A 502116B 223568C 365998D 430808．（3）We may learn from the text that Sue Townsend is________．A a writerB an actressC a musicianD a director．（4）Supposing you are interested in a magical comedy about real people， you willsee________．A The Secret Diary of Adrian MoleB On Golden PondC only A Night at the varietiesD Groping for Word．6. While income worry is a rather common problem of the aged, loneliness is another problem that aged parents may face． Of all the reasons that explain their loneliness, a large geographical distance between parents and their children is the major one． This phenomenon is commonly known as "Empty Nest Syndrome"．In order to seek better chances outside their countries, many young people have gone abroad, leaving their parents behind with no clear idea of when they will returnhome． Their parents spend countless lonely days and nights, taking care of themselves, in the hope that someday their children will come back to stay with them． The fact that mostof these young people have gone to Europeanized or Americanized societies makes it unlikely that they will hold as tightly to the value of duty as they would have if they had not left their countries． Whatever the case, it has been noted that the values they hold do not necessarily match what they actually do． This geographical and cultural distance also prevents the grown﹣up children from providing response in time for their aged parents living by themselves．The situation in which grown﹣up children live far away from their aged parents has been described as "distant parent phenomenon", which is common both in developed countries and in developing countries． Our society has not yet been well prepared for "Empty Nest Syndrome"．（1）According to the passage， the loneliness of aged parents is mainly caused by________．A their earlier experience of feeling lonely B the unfavorable living conditions in their native countries C the common worry about their income D the geographical distance between parents and children．（2）Many young people have gone abroad， leaving their aged parents behind， to________．A live in the countries with more money B seek a better place for their agedparents C continue their studies abroad D realize their dreams in foreign countries．（3）If young people go abroad，________．A they do not hold to the value of duty at allB they can give some help to their parents back homeC they cannot do what they should for their parentsD they believe what they actually do is right．（4）From the last paragraph， we can infer that________．A the situations in the developed and developing countries are differentB "Empty Nest Syndrome" has arrived unexpectedly in our societyC children will become independent as soon as they go abroadD the aged parents are not fully prepared for "Empty Nest Syndrome"．Section CDirections： Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.7. A． It can also be caused by the inappropriate use of fluoride drops or other fluoride supplements．B． It's evident that fluoride has negative effects on teeth， especially children's teeth．C． So you are right ﹣ fluoride can be poisonous if it is swallowed in very large quantities．D． If a deadly amount of fluoride is taken， immediate first﹣aid could save a life．E． That is why they should only have a tiny amount of fluoride toothpaste on their toothbrush．F． Fluoride toothpastes are advertised too extensively in TV commercials．I have heard that fluoride（氟化物）can help stop dental decay， but I recently read that it is poisonous． Which of these is true？ How can children use fluoride safely？This question is answered thanks to Dr Marcia M． Rich who practices general dentistry in Newholt． She is also a lecturer at the University and a writer for the monthly magazine Your Dentist Cares．My answer to the first question is to stress that fluoride works well and is safe when users follow instructions． Young children have a tendency to swallow toothpaste．（1）________ If this simple measure is taken， parents can be confident that children will be protected against tooth decay， and come to no harm．Almost all medicines can have a negative effect ﹣ or even be deadly ﹣ if they are not taken as directed．（2）________ It is for this reason that fluoride supplements can only be obtained on prescription from a doctor or dentist．Taking too much fluoride while teeth are growing can lead to a condition called dental fluorosis（氟中毒）． The most likely cause is the swallowing of fluoride toothpastes by young children．（3）________For example， when fluoride is already present in drinking water， the overconsumption of it can seldom be avoided． But don't be too worried，since fluoride overdoses are rare． In fact， I have never heard of any fatal incidents related to the fluoride poisoning．Scientific studies have shown that fluoride can help to prevent cavities（龋齿）as long as it is used correctly． But it is also true that if fluoride is abused， there is a risk of illness or even death in extreme cases．（4）________ A person who has swallowed a large amount of fluoride will probably start vomiting． If not， the patient should be given milk or antacid and taken to the nearest hospital for emergency treatment．第II卷（共55分）I. Summary8. Directions： Read the passage carefully． Then write an English summary within 60words in your own words according to the passage given below．In the past two hundred years people have caused many kinds of animals to die out﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣ to become extinct． People keep building houses and factories in fields and woods． As they spread p\over the land， they destroy animal's homes． If the animals can't find a place to live， they die out． Sixteen kinds of Hawaiian birds have become extinct for this reason． Other animals， such as the Florida Key deer， may soon die out because they are losing their homes．Hunters have caused some animals to become extinct， too． In the last century， hunters killed all the passenger pigeons in North America and most of the buffalos． Today they are fast killing off hawks and wolves．Pollution is killing many animals too． As rivers become polluted， fish are poisoned． Many die． Birds that eat the poisoned fish can't lay strong， healthy eggs． New birds aren't born． So far， no animals have become extinct because of pollution． But some， such as the bald eagle and the brown pelican， have become rare and may die out．Scientists think that some animals become extinct because of changes in climate． The places where they live become hotter or cooler， drier or wetter． The food that they eat can't grow there any longer． If the animals can't learn to eat something else， they die． Dinosaurs may have died out for this reason．II. TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.9. 据说，这项工程将持续三年．（last）________10. 让那个调皮的孩子保持静止不动是不可能的．（It）________11. 明天早上要早起以便你赶上头班车．（may）________12. 位于人民广场的上海大剧院是很宏伟的建筑之一．（非限制定语从句）________III. Guided Writing13. Directions： Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．假如你是李明，你们班级决定组建一个班级网页a class webpage on the Internet，有三个岗位需要同学们担任：网页设计，网页编辑，文案撰写．请向你们的老师写一封申请信，申请其中的一个岗位，你的信中必须包括：1．你为什么申请？2．你能做些什么？2018-2019学年上海市某校高一（上）期末英语试卷答案1. that/which,will produce/produces,may/can,to be settled,in,the mosteffective,by,The,If,desired2. D,H,A,G,E,F,I,B,K,C3. CADBACBABADBDCD4. BCB5. ADAB6. DDCB7. E,C,A,D8. In the past two hundred years， many kinds of animals died out．（要点一：动物灭绝）There are several causes．（原因） First， people keep building houses and factories in fields and woods， which destroys animals' homes．【高分句型一】（原因一：人类土地使用扩张） Then， hunting has caused some animals to become extinct．【高分句型二】（原因二猎杀）Besides， some animals can't bear strong offspring and haven't enough food to eat because of pollution and climate changes．（原因三污染和环境改变）（59w）9. It is said that the project will last for 3 days．10. It is impossible for the naughty boy to keep still．11. You have to get up early next morning so that you may catch the first bus．12. The Shanghai Grand Theater， which is located in the People's Square， is one of the magnificent buildings．13. Dear class teacher，I've heard that our class will set up a class webpage on the Internet． As a member of this big family， I'd like to apply for the writing work．（写信目的）I am interested in writing in my spare time and I always find fun from it． So the writing work won't be a burden for me， instead it will be a source of joy in my daily life． What's more， I have a good command of writing skills， which I think will enable me to finish thewriting work on our class webpage well．【高分句型一】（你为什么申请）If I have a chance to do the job， I will try my best to make it a big success． I will write articles describing our wonderful school life and class activities and put it on the Internet at the beginning of every week． Without doubt， the introduction of our lovely class will be my top concern and I'll put it on the first page of our class webpage so that people can learn something about our class at first sight．【高分句型二】 I am really eager to be of any service to my class and I'd appreciate it very much if you could take my application into serious account．（你能做什么）Looking forward to your early reply．（盼望）Yours sincerely，Li Ming。
交大附中高一英语上学期期末试卷_4
交大附中高一英语上学期期末试卷（满分100分，100分钟完成，答案一律写在答题纸上）I. Listening Comprehension (24’)Part A Short Conversations (1’*10 = 10’)Directions:In Part A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversations, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. She went to the center with her friend. B. She wrote her friend a letter.C. she told her friend to call her later.D. She asked her friend to come.2. A. He had some ice cream. B. He had a piece of cake.C. He had a piece of gum.D. He had something to drink.3. A. She thinks the man needs a vacation.B. She thinks the man should be preparing for his tests.C. She thinks the man doesn’t need to worry about his exams.D. She’s not interested in surfing.4. A. Use a different phone B. Ask Tom to call the secretary.C. Wait until his secretary gets home.D. Leave before the phone rings.5. A. He liked Canada in the winter. B. He liked Canada in spring, summer and fall.C. He liked Canada all year round.D. He did not like Canada.6. A. Both the man and the woman took the computer course last year.B. The man took the computer course but the woman didn’t.C. The woman took the computer course but the man didn’t.D. Neither the man nor the woman took the computer course.7. A. He is nervous. B. He is disappointed. C. He is surprised. D. He is anxious.8. A. He’s seen the announcement. B. He isn’t sure what the announcement means.C. He’s uncertain where the hall is.D. He doesn’t know what she’ talking about.9. A. It is better than his own. B. It was made by a child.C. It looks terrible.D. It may win a prize.10. A. Find a cleaner room. B. Have another meeting.C. Clarify the issues.D. Clean the conference room.Part B Passages (1’ * 6 = 6’)Directions: In Part B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Students liked the food from that shop.B. It was so convenient for them to get food from that shop.C. Many students were taking courses on Saturday.D. That is the only shop which supplies breakfast to the nearby middle school.12. A. She was sent to hospital in time.B. She ate only little of the food she bought from that shop.C. She vomited out most of the food she ate.D. She was treated by many medical specialists.13.A. The cause of this food poisoning accident. B. The number of people hit in the accident.C. The time of the accident.D. The conditions of most patients.Questions14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. To dig a hole all the way through the earth.B. To dig for a jar full of treasures.C. To dig for worms and insects.D. To realize their dream by digging.15. A. They volunteered their help.B. They admired the two brothers.C. They thought the two brothers were crazy.D. They thought the two brothers were ambitious.16. A. You will find great fun in hard work.B. Don’t laugh at friends, but give them a hand instead.C. If you try hard you will reach the goal you set yourself in your life.D. The meaning of a goal is to give you a direction to follow in your life.Part C Longer Conversations (1’*8 = 8)Directions: In Part C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Ⅱ. Grammar and vocabulary (17’)Part A (0.5’ *16 = 8’)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25.If you , you'd better go outside in the fresh air.A. faintB. have faintedC. are going to faintD. will faint26.All but one worker here just now.A. isB. wasC. has beenD. were27.It is the fourth time she has been sleeping in class, ?A. is sheB. isn’t sheC. isn’t itD. hasn’t she28.matters little.A. He will come or notB. If or not he comesC. Whether he comes or notD. He comes or not29.Hard as , it is quite easy to drill a hole on it with laser.A. is the diamondB. does the diamondC. the diamond isD. the diamond does30.If that idea was wrong, the project is bound to fail, good all the other ideas might be.A. whateverB. thoughC. whatsoeverD. however31.The reason he referred to for his success is he is always working hard.A. why; thatB. why; becauseC. that; thatD. that; because32.Many new means of transportation have been developed in our country, perhaps the hovercraft.A. and the strangest of which isB. the strangest of which beingC. the strangest of which isD. and the strangest of them being33.No one can walk the wire without a bit of fear unless ____ very young.A. having been trainedB. trainedC. to be trainedD. being trained34.Having considered the problem for a while, she thought better her first solution.A. toB. thanC. fromD. of35.The bank is reported in the local newspaper in broad daylight yesterday.A. to be robbedB. robbedC. to have been robbedD. having been robbed36.When you go by train, make sure you take an express, stops only at big stations.A. one thatB. whatC. the oneD. that37.When there are small children around, it is necessary to put bottles of pills out of .A. handB. placeC. holdD. reach38.Teams are organized into leagues which are defined by age, from pre-school children to senioradults.A. exchangingB. changingC. rangingD. arranging39.The football match was televised from the Workers' Stadium.A. aliveB. lifeC. liveD. lively40.He is going back to his motherland soon because he couldn’t get his visa .A. enlargedB. extendedC. expandedD. intendedPart B (1’ * 9 =9’)Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note thatAs the way in which we communicate continues to change, so does the way in which we learn. The traditional classroom still is a popular vehicle for helping higher learning. Growing in attention is the ability to access institutions of higher education by other 41 .Distance learning can be defined in several ways. It can be classes taken 42 the Internet, Web TV, cable TV, correspondence course, audio conferencing, CD-ROM, videotape or any other mechanism that allows a student to learn without traveling to a traditional classroom. The increase of these types of programs allows many people who might not 43 be able to participate to obtain college degrees. People in rural areas, people who are home-bound, or people whose schedules just don’t allow them the freedom to attend scheduled classes can all 44 these programs.Just to make it clear, there are not “get-you-diploma-if-you-send-us-$29.95” 45 . In this feature we are addressing only those programs that are approved and provide the opportunities for people to obtain college and 46 degrees in a non-traditional manner. People are, however, required to work for their degrees. There are books, lessons, assignments, papers to write, homework, and exams. There is interaction with teachers on a regular basis, and there is usually interaction with other students on a project or work group basis.Corporate America has found that distance learning is a more efficient and cost effective way to 47 training to employees. According to the United States Distance Learning Association, “Faced with retraining 50 million American workers, Corporate America is using distance learning, both internally and externally, for all 48 of training. Many 49 corporations save millions of dollars each year using distance learning to train employees more effectively and more efficiently than with conventional methods.”III. Cloze (1’ *15 = 15’)Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Why is setting goals important? Because goals can help you do, be, and experience everything you want in life.50 just letting life happen to you, goals allow you to make your life happen.Successful people 51 how their life should be and set lots of goals. By setting goals you are 52 your life. It’s like having a 53 to show you where you want to go. Think of it this way. There are 54 drivers. One has a destination in mind (her goal) which can be found on a map. She can drive straight there without any 55 time or wrong turns. The other driver has no goals or destination or map. She starts off at the same time from the same place asthe first driver, 56 she drives aimlessly around, never getting anywhere, just 57 gas. Which driver do you want to be?Winners in life set goals and follow through on them. They decide what they want in life and then get there by making 58 and setting goals. 59 people just let life happen by accident. Goals aren’t difficult to set—and they aren’t difficult to reach. It’s up to you to find out what your goals really are. You are the one who must 60 what to achieve and in what direction to aim your life.Research tells us that when we write a goal down we are more 61 to achieve it. Written goals can be 62 regularly, and have more power. Like a contract with yourself, they are harder to neglect or forget. Also 63 you write your goals in a particular way you are able to make yourself continuously 64 situations that will bring you nearer to your goal.50.A. Because of B. Instead of C. In spite of D. In addition to51.A. imagine B. discuss C. experience D. show52.A. going on with B. taking control of C. getting along with D. taking advantage of53.A. guide B. friend C. map D. sign54.A. two B. such C. some D. good55.A. free B. dull C. fixed D. wasted56.A. or B. for C. but D. so57.A. think of B. using up C. turning off D. paying for58.A. plans B. money C. friends D. maps59.A. Lucky B. Young C. Ordinary D. Unsuccessful60.A. practise B. change C. admit D. decide61.A. willing B. anxious C. likely D. clever62.A. improved B. reviewed C. set D. reached63.A. although B. until C. when D. unless64.A. aware of B. worried about C. familiar with D. accustomed toIV. Reading Comprehension (1’ * 22 = 22’)Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statement. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that first best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Wearing shabby clothes and stretching out a dirty hand towards people, this is the traditional image of beggars. But nowadays that image has changed in many ways. Beggars can even look exactly like a white-collar worker.With the development of the Internet, beggars also benefit from new technology. Without standing on the street all day long, they can just sit at home and click the keyboard -- "beggar websites" make the begging business much easier.Just by googling the words beggar and website, dozens of such Chinese forums are found. "Please donate 1 yuan; it will help me be rich!" -- that's a common slogan from many of these begging websites.The layout of these sites is quite similar. There are some funny or tragic pictures across the top of the screen, then a request for donations is classified into three levels. 1 yuan, 5 yuan and 10 yuan. Just by clicking on these buttons, one can make a kindly donation. People can pay through an online paying system or send money to a bankcard number.These websites also provide lists of those who have donated, but almost all of them have mostly donated 1 yuan per person, and online stores or other small websites can have a place on the site for a small advertisement after the donation.Actually, such begging websites are not original in China. Online begging first appeared in the United States. Some individuals opened such websites to relieve their economic embarrassment.In 2002, a woman in New York owed about $20,000 to the bank, so she set up a begging website and, what a surprise, she received over $13,000 from netizens which solved her problems more or less.In some "professional" begging websites in the United States, the website organizer can even receive many thousands of dollars. However, the income from most of the web sites found in China seems not so good.65. The passage is mainly about __.A. the difference between traditional and modern beggarsB. the begging websiteC. considerable donations onlineD. how to make money online66. What can we conclude from the passage?A. We can make a good living by begging online.B. Western begging websites always make more money than those in China.C. Begging websites can advertise for donators.D. Online begging came into being in China first.67. By what means can people donate money to the online websites?A. People can pay in cash.B. People can pay through online paying systems.C. People can pay by check.D. All the above means.68. Which is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. Some begging websites use the donations to help poor people.B. Some begging websites solve their financial problems by receiving donations.C. The improvement of the Internet technology helps beggars make money more easily.D. We can find Chinese begging websites by googling some key words.(B)CBC is a famous air company which has over twenty planes carrying passengers and goods, flying along 12 fixed lines all over the world. Its service is very good but some passengers are still not satisfied with it and that is why in 2003 and 2004 the company received letters of complaints from consumers or passengers who pointed out over a dozen kinds of problems which are divided in groups in the following table. Those about passengers’ things carried by the plane are Baggage problems. Consumer service refers to service work which passengers are not satisfied with. Over sales of seats are about the fact that more seats are sold and as a result the plane is too crowded to be safe. Refund problems appear when passengers fail to receive the money paid back to them because of what they have lost. Fares are problems about the price of tickets.69.About how many complaints about Credit were received by the CBC in 2003?A. 28B. 29C.30D. 3170.By about what percent did the total number of complaints decrease from 2003 to 2004?A. 40%B. 60%C. 75%D. 100%71.If the circle graphs below show total consumer for 2003, which graph shows a dark part that is about Flight problemsand Refund problems together?A. B. C. D.72.Which of the following statements can be inferred from the table?I.In 2003 and in 2004, complaints about Flight problem, Baggage, and Customer service together took about 50percent of all consumer complaints received by the CBC Company.II.The number of Special passengers complaints was unchanged from 2003 to 2004.III.From 2003 to 2004 Flight problem complaints increased by more than 2 percent.A. only IB. only IIC. I and IID. I and III73.From the passage we can know that .A.customers are not satisfied with CBCB.sometimes CBC sells more tickets than its plane’s most desirable seatsC.CBC has more than twenty planes which fly to all the capital cities of the worldD.customers can only buy tickets with ready money(C)Danes conquer the world with simple designsHans Christian Andersen put Denmark on the map of the world literature with his stories The Emperor’s New Clothes, The Little Mermaid and The Ugly Duckling. Now Copenhagen, the country’s capital, has become the center of the world political map, with 190 world leaders attending the climate talks there, not to mention thousands of reporters.Just how much do you know about the Scandinavian country?Denmark is famous for its design culture. At the heart of “Danish Design” is the idea that, as poet and designer Piet Hein puts it: “There is one art, not more, nor less, and that is to do all things with artlessness（朴实）.Danish design places equal emphasis on practicality and equality. From Lego toys to furniture, Danish products are known for their clean lines, simplicity and functionality. “Remove material where it’s not needed. Keep things simple and functional and execute（制作）them carefully,” explained Hans J. Wegner, the first Danish designer to achieve worldwide fame: “The aim is not to create a work of art, but to produce a good chair.”“The Danes have done a better job than most in promoting arts in Europe, packing a punch（用力出击）way above their country’s size and population in the fields of architecture, sculpture and design,” writes Helena Smith, reporter with British newspaper the Guardian.The simplicity of Danish design may extend to the quality of life there. Some even claim that the Danes have the highest quality of life of any nation in the world.Kate Vial, a 55-year-old American who has lived and worked in Denmark for more than 30 years, explaining why she chooses to live in Denmark rather than the US, told Germany’s biggest news weekly Der Spiegel: “I just chose a simpler lifestyle, one where I could ride my bike all over and where I don’t have to make a great living to survive.”74.Why has Copenhagen been the focus of attention of all countries again?75.What characteristics（特征）do Danish products have?76.Which sentence in the article is the closest in meaning to the following one?The simple style of Danish design has had an effect on Danish life.77.Why does Kate Vial, a 55-year-old American, choose to live in Denmark rather than the US?(D)Is It Real Property?In real life, if someone steals your cell phone or another belonging, you can report it to the police. but what if yourvirtual property –such as weapons in a cyber game or QQ show –are stolen? Who should bear the responsibility?Several netizens went to the Tencent company on November 30, accusing it of failing to protect their accounts. They had had their QQ Show avatars clothes and other items stolen. One person lost 1,800 virtual items, worth 60,000 yuan, reported Southern Metropolis Daily. But Tencent said netizens needed to turn to their local cyber police department for help.However, Guo Qing, lawyer of Beijing’s Yingke Law Firm, said: “If the companies involved can’t prove they’ve done enough to protect the virtual property, they should bear responsibility.”In recent years, there has been much talk about virtual property.Players get virtual property from Web games. By engaging in various activities, they get in-game items and virtual money, which be bought and sold within the game.Today, virtual property is a billion dollar world industry. Web games like Secondlife, Entropia and World of Warcraft have their own currencies, which can be bought with hard cash. And players can make money by trading in virtual houses or setting up clothing stores.But today the protection of virtual property still remains a new concept in China, with the law having little to say about the problem. Local police often think virtual property has no real value.But it does have value, some experts say, because players spend time, energy, money, labor and intelligence getting in-game goods. For this reason, they argue that Copyright Law should protect virtual property.Other Chinese experts say Internet thieves should be punished according to the Criminal Law. Wang Xiaoquan, a young netizens in Shenyang, was sentenced to three years in prison by the local court for theft of 100,000 yuan worth of virtual property in May.The protection of virtual property in law has become a trend.In Taiwan, virtual property is regarded as “movable property” in crimes of fraud and theft, and considered as part of one’s private property. Stealing other people’s virtual property is considered a crime and carries a sentence of up to three years in prison.78.When you lose your virtual property, you should .A.accuse the Tencent companyB.report it to the policeC.turn to a lawyer for legal adviceD.write complaint letters to the newspaper79.Why does the protection of virtual property still remain a new concept in China?A.Because the Copyright Law doesn’t protect virtual property.B.Because people often think virtual property has no real value.C.Because it has a lot to do with the Criminal Law.D.Because virtual property has become a trend.80.What does the underlined word “currencies” in the 6th paragraph mean?A. propertyB. charactersC. lawsD. money81.What can we conclude from the passage?A. The protection of virtual property is still a controversial issue.B. People can buy any virtual property with hard cash.C. Taiwan is the first to pass a law to punish the virtual thieves.D. Wang Xiaoquan was sentenced to three years in prison for theft of 100,000 yuan.82.Those students you see “studying” in the cafeteria or game room aren’t learning much. You just can’t learn when you’re distracted by people and noise. Even the library can be a bad place to study if you constantly find yourself watching the clouds outside or the students walking through the stacks. It takes courage to sit alone in a quiet place to study. But you have to do it. Find a room at home or a spot in the library that’s relatively quiet—and boring. When you sitthere, you won’t have much to do except study.83.When you sit down, do it with the attitude that you’re going to get this studying done. You’re not going to doodle in your notebook or make a list for the supermarket. Decide that you are going to study and learn now, so that you can move on to more interesting things as soon as possible.84.If you sweat out a block of study time, and do a good job on it, treat yourself. You deserve it. You can “psych”yourself up for studying by promising to reward yourself afterward. A present for yourself can be anything from a favorite TV show to a relaxing bath to a dish of double chocolate ice cream.85.Lots of students sit down with an assignment like “Read chapter five, pages 125-150” and do just that. They turn to page 125 and start to read. After a while, they find they have no idea what they just read. For the last ten minutes, they’ve been thinking about their five-year-old or what they’re going to eat for dinner. Eventually they browse through all the pages but don’t remember much afterward.In order to prevent this problem, skim the textbook chapter first. This means: look at the title, the subtitles, the headings, the pictures, the first and last paragraphs. Try to find out what the person who wrote the book had in mind when he or she organized the chapter. What was the important enough to set off as a title or in bold type? After skimming, you should be able to explain to yourself what the main points of the chapter are. Unless you’re the kind of person who would step into an empty elevator shaft（电梯井）without looking first, you’ll soon discover the value of skimming.86.This sounds like troublesome, but it works. Go back over the material after you’ve read it, and write down key words and phrases in the margins. When you review the chapter for a test, you’ve have handy little things like “definition of rationalization” or “example of assimilation” in the margins. If the material is especially tough, organize a separate sheet of notes. Write down definitions, examples, lists, and main ideas. The idea is to have single sheet that boils the entire chapter down to a digestible lump.第Ⅱ卷V. Blank Filling (1’ * 4 = 4’)Directions: Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the given verbs.87.(work) hard, and you will succeed in your study.88.I can’t stand _________ (make) fun of by my classmates constantly.89.This is the best way Jack considers (solve) the problem.90.The results should (announce) yesterday, but we have heard nothing.VI. Translation (3’ * 6 = 18’)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.91..我深信有朝一日我们的梦想会实现的。
2018-2019(含答案)高一(上)期末英语试卷 (2)
第1页 共18页 ◎ 第2页 共18页2018-2019（含答案）高一（上）期末英语试卷 (2)第一部分听力（共两节，满分7.5分）该部分分为第一、第二两节。
注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。
听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）一、听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When did the woman come ？ A ．At about 2：20． B ．At about 3：20． C ．At about 5：20．2. What size shoes does the man probably need ？ A ．Size 6． B ．Size 7． C ．Size 8．3. Why hasn’t the woman seen the man recently ？ A ．Because he has been ill in bed ．B ．Because they are not in the same city at the moment ．C ．Because he has two different jobs ．4. What is the most probable relationship between the two speakers ？ A.Teacher and st udent ． B.Mother and so n ． C.Sister and brot her ．5. What does the young man want ？ A ．Some books on English literature ． B ．Some American newspapers ．C ．Some books on American literature ．第二节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
上海交大附中2015-2016学年高一第一学期英语期末试卷(含答案)1
上海交通大学附属中学2015-2016学年度第一学期高一英语期末试卷第I卷II. Grammar and Vocabulary（20+16+10%）Section ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25.The city government will start its 24-hour hotline, which will replace the one that is openonly___________9a.m. and 5p.m.A. fromB. sinceC. betweenD. through26.His letter to Mr. Martin ___________, but he remembered he had addressed it rightly.A. was thought to have been misdirectedB. was thought to have misdirectedC. thought to have been misdirectedD. thought to have misdirected27.Shoppers complain they have to queue for _________ seems hours at the checkout counters because therearen‟t enough staff.A. itB. whatC. howD. which28.It matters not __________ you try to carry out, but once you try to carry out a thing, you must never give it upuntil you have done it thoroughly and well.A. howeverB. thatC. whatD. whichever29.A survey is being conducted to find out _________ today‟s young people will enjoy the new version of Adream of Red Mansions, which features younger faces.A. whetherB. thatC. howeverD. what30.Without your encouragement and support, we________________________.A. should not succeededB. would not succeedC. would have succeededD. would not have succeeded31.In an experiment, pet owners are being encouraged to take their pets to work, a move _______________ canbe good for both the people and the pets.A. that some scientists sayB. in which some scientists sayC. some scientists say thatD. some scientists say32._________ people around him ______ to find a satisfactory job, he felt hopeless and decided to quit from thejob market.A. Seeing, to failB. Seen, failingC. To see, failedD. Seeing, fail33.__________ people in western countries think we Muslim women are oppressed and controlled by men iswrong and it makes me sad __________ people won‟t learn the truth by asking us how we feel.A. That…whyB. /….whyC. /…whatD. That…that34.The way people hold to the belief _______ a fun-filled life equals happiness actually reduces their chances ofever getting real happiness.A. whenB. thatC. in whichD. which35.Of all the jobs I‟ve had, ________ was my experience at Pennsylvania Railway Sta tion ________ impressedme most.A. it, where itB. it, thatC. there, thatD. that, which36.I know Jonathan quite well and never doubt _______ he can do a good job of it.A. whetherB. whenC. thatD. what37------If you are admitted to a key university, ________________as a prize?------I am looking forward to a cell phone.A.what you expect your father will offer youB.do you expect what your father will offer youC.what do you expect will your father offer youD.what do you expect your father will offer you38.The boy didn‟t believe the fact ____________________.A. that most of us though it to be trueB. as most of us thought trueC. most of us thought to be trueD. what most of us thought was true39.The reason _______the TV networks are forced to come up with better shows is ________nowadays more andmore young parents prefer to spend quality time reading stories to their kids rather than root themselves in front of TV.A. that…because C. why…..becauseC. that….thatD. why…that40.Most importantly, you need friends ________ enough to buy all this stuff in Beijing and have it shipped ontime and intact.A. imaginationB. imaginaryC. imaginableD. imaginative41.Harmony and unqualified happiness are natural to each and every on e of us, yet here‟s how a_________workday looks and feels for too many people.A. typicalB. radicalC. electricalD. proposal42.Cloning is ill-suited to species _________, since it is a technically challenging process that often results in sickor deformed animals.A. identificationB. illustrationC. qualificationD. conservation43.The residents in these communities were phoned __________ and asked the same question: what is happiness?A. at first glanceB. at randomC. at other timesD. at fault44.The essay illustrates that the most ___________ indicator of success at school for a child is not background ortest scores but character.A. worthyB. worthwhileC. distractedD. embarrassedSection BDirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.APeople do many things to celebrate the coming of a New Year, an important one being making New Year Resolutions.Did you know that 45% of Americans make resolutions?But not many of 45 actually manage to keep them. Wondering how many of them actually follow through with it by the end of January each year? Actually, just a meager 8%!Resolutions 46 be very hard to keep for many reasons. Some people find it hard to stay on track. Others make their goals too broad or challenging. Remember resolutions 47 (mean) to be small goals that will become habits over time that will help your life positively, not big life-changing plans.According to , some of the top resolutions made by folks are:*Lose weight *Volunteer to help others *Quit smoking *Get a better education * Get a better job *Save money *Get fit *Eat healthy food *Manage stress *Manage debt *Take a trip *Reduce, Reuse and Recycle Did you notice that resolutions are always 48 making positive changes? We humans recognize that health is the 49 (big) wealth for us all. The resolves to be healthy, eat well and exercise are naturally among the most popular. Yet they are some of the hardest goals to keep.That‟s why you should keep your goals realistic. Cut back on soda 50 50 eliminate it completely. Make notebook entries of what you are aiming for, and track your progress. Write yourself reminders such as : Read for half an hour”, “No more than 125 minutes on social media!”, “don‟t eat too much salt, sugar and fat”, as examples. Take small steps to reach your final goal.Can you challenge yourself to be part of the 45% who make resolutions and grow the number of those who make it stick from 8%? 51 51 you are not the type who makes New Year resolutions, try to practice one healthy eating habit this year. You will be doing 52 a favor, for it is your body after all.BWhy Can’t You Tickle YourselfHave you ever thought about why people are ticklish(怕痒的)?According to scientists, ticklishness is a defense mechanism humans develop against bugs, spiders, and other critters that may be touching our skin. Feeling ticklish is our built-in response to predators or threats, and combines the sensations of touch and pain.The part of the brain that is associated with tickling is the cerebellum(小脑). It monitors our movements,53 ignores movements not perceived as a threat. For example, we do not notice our vocal chords(声带)54 (move) when we speak, but we may jump if someone touches us on 55 shoulder. This selective perception is probably the reason why we cannot tickle ourselves.We only feel ticklish if we detect a sense of invasion or attack. If we try to tickle ourselves, our brains anticipate this “attack” and prevent us from feeling panicked. Strangely enough, eve n if a person knows that they are about 56 (tickle), the fear of being touched may cause the same “ticklish” reaction. Some people laugh even before being tickled.A scientific study was recently done in England to determine whether or not people can tickle themselves. V olunteers 57 (attach) to a brain-scanning device and were tickled on their palms with a piece of soft foam(泡沫). The participants‟ brain scans were monitored while they were being tickled, and when they tickled themselves. It was found that during self-tickling, the cerebellum alerted another area of the brain about 58 to expect, so the ticklish feeling was diminished.Researchers did find a way, however, for people to tickle themselves. When volunteers activated a robot by remote control to tickle them after a short delay, the volunteers felt 5959 someone else were tickling them. It seems that the cerebellum sends a signal to disregard the forthcoming movement, then moves on to other things. Your brain “forgets” that you are tickling yourself---even with a delay as short as 60 fifth of a second. So it is possible to tickle yourself--- but only by remote control. What will science discover next?Section CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Every morning, 21-year-old A.J. Hunter downloads his schedule onto his always-at-hand Macintosh laptop. Hunter is a 61 technical college student. He downloads music to his iPod and 62 social networking sites from his cell phone. He uses e-mail and instant messaging anywhere on the wireless campus.Hunter is a (n) “63 native”--- a term that has been used to describe the first generation who grew up in a world filled with computers, cell phones and cable TV.These young people think, act and react much differently from how their parents and grandparents did, often because their childhoods were in large part 64 by technology, say researchers.“This is so core to their social experience--- to their identities – to what it 65 to be a young person and a student in the new century,” says educational technology expert Richard Katz.But just because young people are 66 with technology, that doesn‟t mean it‟s always beneficial. Some experts worry that technology is 67 over the lives of today‟s youth. When his desktop computer crashed during the first week of classes, “I thought I was going to go mad,”says senior Nick Caine. “I was running to the library every two seconds. I didn‟t even go home because I knew I wouldn‟t have a computer.”There are other negative sides of too much 68 time. A recent study found that nearly 20 percent of students admit that time spent on the Internet and playing computer games resulted in low grades or dropping a class.Technology author Michael Bugeja questions the recent extreme 69 toward technology: “Not only are the students addicted --- the institutions of learning are addicted,” he says. “No one is studying its impact, and we are still 70 as if more access to technology is going to improve learning.”III. Reading Comprehension （15+22+8%）Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When I became an amputee at age 29, I was forced to rethink the idea of physical perfection. My life became different, as I changed from an acceptable attractive woman to an object of pity and 71 .Too busy 72 physical pain and obvious mobility limitation, I was not aware of this change at first. I was determined to 73 , feeling good about the progress I had made, as I moved forward.74 , as I made my first excursion outside the hospital, society had already assigned me a new status. Happy to be free of my restriction in the hospital, I rolled through the shopping mall---a 75 survivor, feeling like a war hero. Unfortunately, I had a rude 76 as I discovered that others did not view me in the way I had come to view myself.All eyes were upon me, yet no one dared to make eye contact. Their efforts to 77 my eyes forced me to realize they saw only my missing legs. Mothers 78 held their children closer as I passed. Elderly women patted me on the head saying, “God Bless You!” with 79 in their eyes.While I sat thinking about what had happened, a small girl came up to me. She stared with unembarrassed 80 at the empty pants. Finding nothing there, she looked up at me with a puzzled look, and she innocently asked, “Lady, where did you legs go?”I explained that my legs had been sick. Since my legs hadn‟t been strong and healthy like hers, the doctors had to 81 them. Leaning her head upwards, she asked, “Did they go to …leg Heaven?‟”That incident made me think about how 82 children and adults react to the unknown. To a child, an odd appearance is an interesting curiosity and a 83 learning experience while adults often view the same thing with fear and horror. I began to realize that, I, too had been 84 of the same inappropriate reactions before I knew what life was like for an amputee.To fulfill the wholeness of my mind and spirit, I now smile warmly, make eye contact, and speak in a confident manner. By using a 85 approach, I attempt to enlighten society about the fact that having a not-so-perfect body doesn‟t mean having a poor quality of life.71. A. comfort B. fear C. hatred D. sadness72. A. crying with B. figuring out C. holding back D. dealing with73. A. endure B. quit C. revenge D. succeed74. A. Instead B. Moreover C. However D. Therefore75. A. clam B. poor C. proud D. rare76. A. awakening B. ending C. happening D. proceeding77. A. turn B. hold C. catch D. avoid78. A. softly B. protectively C. reluctantly D. pleasantly79. A. pity B. anger C. depression D. upset80. A. curiosity B. determination C. enthusiasm D. satisfaction81. A. lose B. adjust C. remove D. stretch82. A. differently B. positively C. strangely D. sympathetically83. A. painful B. potential C. similar D. common84. A. conscious B. guilty C. ignorant D. short85. A. creative B. flexible C. positive D. scientificSection BDirections: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）The morning had been a disaster. My tooth was aching, and I‟d been in an argument with a friend. Her words still hurt：“The trouble with you is that you won‟t put yourself in my place. Can‟t you see things from my point of view?”I shook my head stubbornly—and felt the ache in my tooth. I‟d thought I could hold out till my dentist came back from holiday, but the pain was really unbearable. I started calling the dentists in the phone book, but no one could see me immediately. Finally, at about lunchtime, I got lucky.“If you come by right now,” the receptionist said, “the dentist will fit you in.”I took my purse and keys and rushed to my car. But suddenly I began to doubt about the dentist. What kind of dentist would be so eager to treat someone at such short notice? Why wasn‟t he as busy as the others?In the dentist‟s office, I sat down and looked around. I saw nothing but the bare walls and I became even more worried. The assistant noticed my nervousness and placed her warm hand over my ice-cold one.When I told her my fears, she laughed and said, “Don‟t worry.The dentist is very good.”“How long do I have to wait for him?” I asked impatiently.“Come on, he is coming. Just lie down and relax. And enjoy the artwork,” the assistant said.“The artwork?” I was puzzled.The chair went back, suddenly I smiled. There was a beautiful picture, right where I could enjoy it: on the ceiling. How considerate the dentist was! At that moment, I began to understand what my friend meant by her words.What a relief!86.Which of the following best describes the author‟s feeling that morning?A. Embarrassed.B. Nervous.C. Dunb.D. Upset.87.What made the author begin to doubt about the dentist?A. The dentist‟s agreeing to treat her at very short notice.B. The dentist‟s being as busy as the other dentists.C. The surroundings of the dentist‟s office.D. The laughing assistant of the dentist.88.Why did the author suddenly smile?A. Because the dentist came at last.B. Because she saw a picture on the ceiling.C. Because she could relax in the chair.D. Because the assistant kept comforting her.89.What did the author learn from her experience most probably?A. Strike while the iron is hot.B. Have a good word for one‟s friend.C. Put oneself in other‟s shoes.D. A friend in need is a friend indeed.( B )Hotel InformationDisneyland Hotel. If you haveAll activities and additional information are subject to change without notice.90.Guests of Hong Kong Disney Hotel can __________.A. e njoy Elemis Modern Skin Facial at the price of $ 384B. call Guest Services by dialing “0” to book Victoria Spa‟s exclusive offerC. spend a whole day viewing the South China Sea in Mickey MazeD. choose from different jogging routes according to a reliable jogging map91.Inspiration Lake Recreation Centre ___________.A. attracts guests as one of the largest public parks in DisneylandB. is a right place for in-house guests to reduce rednessC. provides guests with both indoor and outdoor activitiesD. offers all guests 50% off for renting one hour pedal boat92.According to the information about Prince Eric Activities Room, we can learn that________.A. there is about an hour and 15 minutes for cleaning everydayB. at least 22 quests can take part in different activities there at a timeC. both kids and teens can feel free to create their own sun visors thereD. IQ Fun Zone helps children below 7 to cultivate their team spirit( C )Stonehenge（巨石阵）may have been a prehistoric health center rather than a site for observing stars or a temple in honor of the dead, scientists said yesterday. New evidence unearthed at the World Heritage Site in more than 40 years suggests that the monument was a place where the diseased and injured went in groups, seeking cures.After a two-week dig, scientists have concluded that Stonehenge was “the ancient healthcare centre of southern England”because of the existence of “bluestones”---the smaller columns of dolerite（辉绿岩）that formed an earlier stone structure.By dating pieces of remains to around 7330 BC, Tim Darvill, of Bournemouth University, and Goff Wainwright, of the Society of Antiquaries have found that hunter-gatherers were at the site on Salisbury Plain 4,000 years earlier than thought. The first stage of Stonehenge, a round earthwork structure, was built around 3000 BC. Professor Wainwright added: “I did not expect the degree of complexity we discovered. We‟re able to say so much more about when Stonehenge was built and why---all of which changes our previous understanding of the monument.”The research reveals the importance of the henge‟s famous bluestones. Hundreds of bluestone chips gathered at the site have led the team to conclude that the bluestones were valued for their curing effects---the key reason that about 80 of them, each weighing up to 4 tons and a half, were dragged more than 150 miles from the Preseli Hills to Wiltshire. After years of research, Professors Darvill and Wainwright have concluded that, for thousands of years, the Preseli mountain range was home to magical health centers and holy wells.Even today there are those who believe in the curing powers of the springs for coughs and heart disease, and people who use crystals and bluestones for self-curing. Radiocarbon tests have also revealed that the construction of the original bluestone circle took place around 2300 BC, three centuries later than originally thought. Interestingly, on the same day died the “Amesbury Archer”---a sick traveler from the Swiss or German Alps who had an infected knee---whose remains were discovered about five miles from Stonehenge. The professors believe that he was a devoted religious person who was hoping to benefit from the curing powers of the monument.93.Stonehenge is recently believed to be a place for people_________________________ .A. to recover from poor healthB. to observe star movementsC. to hold religious ceremoniesD. to gather huge bluestones94.What can be inferred about Stonehenge from the passage?A. The springs could cure coughs and heart disease best.B. The new discovery was the same as what had been expected.C. Some huge bluestones were not produced at Stonehenge.D. The original bluestone circle was thought to be constructed around 2000 BC.95.The sick traveler in the passage is supposed to be_______________________________.A. a devoted religious person from StonehengeB. one of the earliest discoverers of StonehengeC. the first explorer to test the magical power of bluestonesD. a patient trying to cure his infection at Stonehenge96.Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. Stonehenge: A New Place of InterestB. Stonehenge: Still Making NewsC. Stonehenge: Heaven for AdventurersD. Stonehenge: Still Curing PatientsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Being a social butterfly just might change your brain: In people with a large network of friends and excellent social skills, certain brain regions are bigger and better connected than in people with fewer friends, a new study finds.The research suggests a connection between social interactions and brain structure. “We're interested in how your brain is able to allow you to find the right way in complex social environments,”MaryAnn Noonan said, a neuroscientist (神经学家) at Oxford University. Studies in monkeys have shown that brain areas involved in face processing and in predicting the intentions of others are larger in animals living in large social groups than in ones living in smaller groups.To investigate these brain differences in humans, Noonan and her colleagues found 18 participants for a structural brain-imaging study. They asked people how many social interactions they had experienced in the past month, in order to determine the size of their social networks. As was the case in monkeys, some brain areas were enlarged and better connected in people with larger social networks. “These different brain regions are all singing different songs,” Noonan said. “Networked areas are all singing the same song, and when they're connected better, they're singin g more harmoniously with each other.”The researchers also tested whether the size of a person's social network was linked with changes in white-matter pathways, the nerve fibers(纤维) that connect different brain regions. Again, they found that white-matter pathways were better connected in people with bigger social networks. "The nerves were more like a Los Angeles freeway than a country road," Noonan said.The researchers couldn't say whether social interaction caused these changes in brain structure and connectivity, or whether the brain determined how social someone was. In the case of the monkeys, the researchers asked and wrote down the size of the animals' social network, so they concluded that social-group size was causing the brain differences. It can be inferred that a similar process takes place in human brains, but to prove this, long-term studies are needed, Noonan told Live Science.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)97.The certain brain regions in people with fewer friends are ______.98.According to Noonan, the certain brain areas whose functions are to _________ are larger inmore-sociable monkeys.99. How did Noonan and her colleagues know about the size of participants‟ social networks?100. According to the researcher‟s findings, what would make the brains of monkeys different?第II卷II. Translation（9+20%）Section IDirections: Complete the sentences, using the proper phrases you have learnt.1.He felt relieved _________________________(没有了恐吓邮件和巨额债务的干扰).2.In the near future we will have ______________________ (追求高品质生活的更有文化的一代人).3.My grandpa now can ______________________(带着新奇的眼光使用文字处理器).4.Even children in the mountainous areas can also_________________________(有机会接触到复杂的操作程序).5.Although Tom cannot speak, he can____________________________(他能够用手写方式记录情感障碍).6.Harrison racked his brains to____________________________(想出一个解决饥饿和贫困的办法)。
【上海市重点中学】2018-2019学年交大附中高一上英语分班考试卷及参考答案
上海交通大学附属中学2019届高一分班考（英语）（答案一律写在答题卡上）I．Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.1._____ in 1954, High School Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University (JDFZ)enjoys a high reputation for its quality education.A. FoundB. FoundedC. FoundingD.Having founded2.The global economy cannot have seen _____ time in the past year, but nowmost companies are becoming optimistic.A. the bestB. a betterC. the worseD. a worse3.“I’m more nervous right now than when I _____,” Jane said, as she sawthe group of reporters waiting anxiously at the exit of the gymnasium.A. had competedB. competes1C. was competingD. have competed4.Jenny had just walked out of the classroom _____ she heard her deskmatecalling her that she had left her mobile phone on the desk.A. whileB. whenC. asD. since5._____ with serious employment difficulties, China has to enlarge employmentopportunities and spare no effort to ensure economic growth and social stability.A. FacedB. FacingC. T o faceD. Havingfaced6.Since its beginning, the television industry in the US _____ by threecompanies, the ABC, the CBS, and the NBC.A. had been controlledB. has been controlledC. are controlledD. was controlled7._____ doesn’t matter is whether she will join in our activity or not, for wehave enough members.A. ItB. WhatC. ThatD. Which8.Whatever we do, we will make it, as long as we take the passion _____ weshould have to achieve our goals.2A. whenB. whatC. whichD. where9.Is this the best way you thought of _____ people getting into the dangerousareas?A. to stopB. stoppingC. stoppedD. to havestopped10.If a shop has chairs _____ women can park their men, they will spend moretime in the shop.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. where11.Everyone who saw Star Wars said that it was one of the best science fictionmovies that _____ .A. had releasedB. was releasedC. had been releasedD. released12.The manager assured the customer that his complaint would be seen _____immediately.A. atB. toC. onD. with13._____ the prices and functions of different types of cameras before you makeup your mind which to buy.A. CompareB. ComparingC. ComparedD. Tocompare314.--- Has Sam finished his homework today?--- I have no idea. He _____ it this morning.A. was doingB. has doneC. didD. had done15.An awful accident, _____ however, occur at the street corner the other day.A. doesB. didC. has toD. had toic strips are a set of humorous drawings _____ a funny story is told.A. in thatB. in whichC. of thatD. of which17.Dogs come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes, _____ was 95 centimeterstall.A. the larger of thoseB. the largest of whomC. the larger of whichD. the largest of which18.Facing the economic depression, every possible means ______ this year tosave the company from going bankrupt.A. has been triedB. has triedC. have been triedD. havetried19.Guide dogs go to a special school _____ they work with a sighted trainerbefore they are sent to the blind.A. /B. thatC. whereD. which420.Have you ever heard such stories about dogs _____ in this book?A. as they are describedB. that they are describedC. as are describedD. that are described21.In the survey they listed twelve kinds of food _____would affect the work ofthe brain.A. that were believedB. which the experts believedC. the experts believed thatD. the experts believed22.It was in the study _____ I was doing my research _____ I last saw your laptop.A. where…thatB. that…whereC. where… whereD. that… that23.It was two months ______ the young man mastered the skill of running themachine introduced from Germany.A. sinceB. whenC. thatD. before24.Many cartoonists _____ wonderful products are so popular will always beremembered.A. whichB. whatC. whoD. whose25.Some foreign scientists predict that it may be at most ten years ______ it ispossible for Chinese astronauts to walk on the moon.A. beforeB. sinceC. whenD. after526.The father and his son _____ the cartoon in this unit shows are very popularcomic strip characters.A. whichB. whatC. whomD. whose27.The reason _____ reading cartoons and comic strips is a favorite pastime foradults is _____ they can find some food for thought in addition to being amused.A. why…whyB. why…thatC. that…that B.that…why28.The efforts made by the researchers _____ possible the appearance of a newlife-saving medicine.A. were madeB. madeC. made itD. weremade it29.The workers overcame all the difficulties and completed the project twomonths ahead of time, ______ is something we had not expected.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. it30.The poem by Pushkin _____ smoothly and has remarkable depth. It is ______.A. is read; worth recitingB. reads; worthy of recitingC. will read; worth being recitedD. reads; worthy to berecited631.The public opinion was that the time was not _____ for the election.A. ripeB. reasonableC. readyD. practical32.It is quite necessary for a qualified teacher to have good manners and _____knowledge.A. extensiveB. expansiveC. intensiveD. expensive33.We volunteered to collect money to help the _____ of the earthquake.A. victimsB. folksC. fellowsD. villagers34.Our bodies are strengthened by taking exercise. _____ Our minds aredeveloped by learning.A. ProbablyB. LikelyC. SimilarlyD. Generally35.The _____ of new scientific discoveries to industrial production methodsusually makes jobs easier to do.A. additionB. applicationC. associationD.affection36.Mayor was invited to make some comments not only on what happened,including the conflict between several residents and the police, but also on what will happen, an international conference on global trade included.A. commentsB. speechC. effortsD.7progress37.The car salesman took the customer for a drive in the new model in order to_____ its improved features.A. exposeB. demonstrateC. exhibitD. reveal38.In Britain people _____ four million tons of potatoes every year.A. swallowB. exhaustC. consumeD. digest39.I have a very _____ arrangement with my employer so I can work whenever itsuits me.A. feasibleB. flexibleC. reasonableD. stable40.It’s surprising that this innocent-looking girl should have _____ such a crime.A. performedB. inventedC. committedD.undertaken41.When there are small children around, it is necessary to put bottles of pillsout of _____.A. orderB. placeC. handD. reach42.All these four factors _____ to his great success in business.A. contributeB. applyC. respondD. reply843.To save time, the group leader asked another three workers to _____ thegoods off the truck.A. undertakeB. unloadC. dissolveD.dismiss44.The police made a final decision to set a _____ to catch the cruel murdererright away.A. deviceB. trapC. trickD. network45.People suffering flu will show symptoms of cough _____ with headache.A. accustomedB. acquiredC. accompaniedD. added46.Because of his good work, he was _____ to a higher position.A. chosenB. electedC. promotedD. raised47.An intelligent person, even if he is very young, has a special _______ on lifeand a special feeling about life.A. outputB. outcomeC. outlineD.outlook48.The drug manufacturer has been ordered to require _______ on all his aspirinproducts warning of a link between aspirin and rare children’s diseases.A. cluesB. symbolsC. labelsD. contexts949.People will suffer from the natural disasters in the future because there is agrowing _____ that we are dangerously warming our planet.A. markB. symbolC. signalD. evidence50.John Dewey believed that education should be a preparation for life, that aperson learns by doing, and that teaching must _____ the curiosity and creativity of children.A. seekB. temptC. stimulateD. attract51.The theory Einstein raised was so _____ that few scientists could understandat first.A. absoluteB. abstractC. accurateD. actual52.The doctors came to the conclusion that the patients’ blindness was _____.A. contemporaryB. gloriousC. temperateD.temporary53.The European Union countries were once worried that they would not have_____ supplies of petroleum.A. sufficientB. superiorC. completeD. potential54.The young actress is very _____ about her success; she says it’s as much theresult of good luck as of her own talent.10A. concernedB. modestC. certainD.curious55.We should always bear in mind that if we are _____ of our health forpromotion, disease will gradually approach us with the help of tiredness.A. independentB. carefulC. ignorantD. confidentII. Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. experiencedB. constantlyC. convincedD. themesE.mixedAB. adaptations AC. necessarily AD. inspired BC. patterned BD. passion ABC. primarilyThe Great Gatsby is a written by American author that follows a cast of characters living in the fictional town of West Egg on prosperous in the summerof 1922. The story ___56___ concerns the young and mysterious millionaire and11his idealistic ___57___ for the beautiful Daisy Buchanan. Considered to be Fitzgerald's, The Great Gatsby explores ___58___ of（堕落）, , resistance to change, social disturbance, and excess, creating a portrait of the or the that has been described as an alarming tale regarding the.Fitzgerald, ___59___ by the parties he had attended while visiting Long Island's north shore, began planning the novel in 1923 desiring to produce, in his words, "something new—something extraordinary and beautiful and simple and carefully ___60___." Progress was slow with Fitzgerald completing his first draft following a move to the in 1924. His editor, , felt the book was too vague and ___61___ the author to revise over the next winter. Fitzgerald was uncertain about the book's title, at various times wishing to re-title the novel in West Egg.First published by in April 1925, The Great Gatsby received ___62___ reviews and sold poorly; in its first year, the book sold only 20,000 copies. Fitzgerald died in 1940, believing himself to be a failure and his work forgotten. However, the novel ___63___ a revival during, and became a part of American high school curricula and numerous stage and film ___64___ in the following decades. Today, The Great Gatsby is widely considered to be a literary classic and a strong competitor for the title "". The book is ___65___ ranked among the greatest works of. In 1998 the editorial board voted it the best American novel and the second best novel in the English language.12III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health.” But __66__ some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness. Laughter does __67__ short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, boosting heart rate and oxygen consumption. But because hard laughter is difficult to __68__, a good laugh is unlikely to have __69__ benefits the way, say , walking or jogging does.__70__, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the __71__, studies dating back to the 1930's indicate that laughter __72__ muscles.Such bodily reaction might help moderate the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of __73__ feedback that improve an individual's emotional state. __74__ one classical theory of emotion. our feelings are partially rooted in physical reactions. It was13argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry because they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to __75__.Although sadness also happens before tears. evidence suggests that emotions can flow from muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988, social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of Wurzburg in Germany and his colleagues asked volunteers to __76__ a pen either with their teeth --- thereby creating an artificial smile --- or with their lips, which would produce a __77__ expression. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles __78__ more exuberantly to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, __79__ that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around. __80__, the physical act of laughter could improve mood.66.A. among B. except C. despite D. like67.A. reflect B. demand C. indicate D. produce68.A. release B. maintain C. evaluate D. observe69.A. measurable B. manageable C. affordable D. renewable70.A. In turn B. In fact C. In addition D. In brief71.A. opposite B. impossible C. average D. expected1472.A. hardens B. weakens C. tightens D. relaxes73.A. physical B. mental C. subconscious D.internal74.A. Except for B. According to C. Due to D. As for75.A. fall B. ascend C. flow D. float76.A. fetch B. bite C. pick D. hold77.A. disappointed B. natural C. joyful D. funny78.A. adapted B. catered C. turned D. reacted79.A. suggesting B. requiring C. mentioning D. supposing80.A. Eventually B. Consequently C. Similarly D. Conversely Section BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.15AA is for always getting to work on time.B is for being extremely busy.C is for the conscientious (勤勤恳恳的) way you do your job.You may be all these things at the office, and more. But when it comes to getting ahead, experts say, the ABCs of business should include a P, for politics, as in office politics.Dale Carnegie suggested as much more than 50 years ago: Hard work alone doesn’t ensure career advancement. You have to be able to se ll yourself and your ideas, both publicly and behind the scenes. Yet, despite the obvious rewards of engaging in office politics—a better job, a raise, praise—many people are still unable—or unwilling—to “play the game.”“People assume that office politics involves some manipulative (工于心计的) behavior,” says Deborah Comer, an assistant professor of management at Hofstra University. “But politics derives from the word ‘polite’. It can mean lobbying and forming associations. It can mean being kind and helpful, or even trying to please your superior, and then expecting something in return.”16In fact, today, experts define office politics as proper behavior used to pursue one’s own self-interest in the workplace. In many cases, this involves some form Of Socializing within the office environment—not just in large companies, but in small workplaces as well.“The first thing people are usually judged on is their ability to perform well on a consistent basis,’” says Neil P Lewis, a management psychologist. “But if two or three candidates are up for a promotion, each of whom has reasonably similar ability, a manager is going to promote the person he or she likes best. It’s simple human nature.”Yet, psychologists say, many employees and employers have trouble with the concept of politics in the office. Some people, they say, have an idealistic vision of work and what it takes to succeed. Still others associate politics with flattery (奉承), fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they may appear to be flattering their boss for favors.Experts suggest altering this negative picture by recognizing the need for some self-promotion.81. “Office politics” (Line 2, Para. 4) is used in the passage to refer to ________.A) the code of behavior for company staff17B) the political views and beliefs of office workersC) the interpersonal relationships within a companyD) the various qualities required for a successful career82. T o get promoted, one must not only be competent but ________.A) give his boss a good impression B) honest and loyal to his companyC) get along well with his colleagues D) avoid being too outstanding83. Why are many people unwilling to “play the game” (Line 4, Para. 5)?A) They believe that doing so is impractical.B) They feel that such behavior is unprincipled.C) They are not good at manipulating colleagues.D) They think the effort will get them nowhere.84. The author considers office politics to be ________.A) unwelcome at the workplace18B) bad for interpersonal relationshipsC) indispensable to the development of company cultureD) an important factor for personal advancement85. It is the author’s view that _______.A) speaking up for oneself is part of human natureB) self-promotion does not necessarily mean flatteryC) hard work contributes very l ittle to one’s promotionD) many employees fail to recognize the need of flattery( B )As Artificial Intelligence(AI) becomes increasingly sophisticated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be avoided, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks, it’s necessary to translate our morals into AI language.19For example, if a robot does chores around the house, you wouldn’t want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. “You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values,” said Russell.Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example, mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans. Obviously there are cultural differences, but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space, you wouldn’t think that’s th e kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do.It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines, if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules.Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are careless.The biggest concern with robots going against human values is that human beings fail to so sufficient testing and they’ve produced a system that will break some kind of taboo（禁忌）.One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation.If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave, it has20the opportunity to stop, send out beeps, and ask for directions from a human. If we humans aren’t quite sure about a decision, we go and ask somebody else.The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in moral, and how to create a set of ethical rules. But if we come up with an answer, robots could be good for humanity.86. What does the author say about the threat of robots?A)It may constitute a challenge to computer progranmers.B)It accompanies all machinery involving high technology.C)It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.D)It has become an inevitable peril as technology gets more sophisticated.87. What would we think of a person who invades our personal space according to the author?A)They are aggressive.B)They are outgoing.C)They are ignorant.21D)They are ill-bred.88. How do robots learn human values?A)By interacting with humans in everyday life situations.B)By following the daily routines of civilized human beings.C)By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.D)By imitating the behavior of property brought-up human beings.89. What will a well-programmed robot do when facing an unusual situation?A)keep a distance from possible dangers.B)Stop to seek advice from a human being.C)Trigger its built-in alarm system at once.D)Do sufficient testing before taking action.90. What is most difficult to do when we turn human values into a programmable code?A)Determine what is moral and ethical.22B)Design some large-scale experiments.C)Set rules for man-machine interaction.D)Develop a more sophisticated program.上海交通大学附属中学2019届高一分班考（英语）（答案）II．Grammar and Vocabulary1—10 BDCBA BBCAD11—20 CBAAB BDACC21—30 BADDA CBBCD31—40 AAACB ABCBC41—50 DABBC CDCDC51—55 BDABCII. 56—6523ABC BD D AD BC C E A AB BIII 66--80CDBAB ADABC DADACIV. 每题两分81—85 CABDB86—90 CDCBA24。
上海交通大学附属中学2018-2019学年第一学期高三英语摸底考试卷
上海交通⼤学附属中学2018-2019学年第⼀学期⾼三英语摸底考试卷上海交通⼤学附属中学2018-2019学年第⼀学期⾼三英语摸底考试卷II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passages below,fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Space is a dangerous place,not only because of meteors but also because of rays from the sun and other stars.The atmosphere again acts(1)__________our protective blanket on earth.Light gets through,and this is essential forplants(2)__________(make)the food which we eat.Heat,too, makes our environment endurable.Various kinds of rays come through the air from outer space,but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun(3)__________(screen)off.As soon as men leavethe atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, (4)__________they are inside,do prevent a lot of radiation damage.Radiation is(5)__________(great)known danger to explorers in space.The unit of radiationis called"rem".Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than0.1rem without(6)__________(damage);the figure of60rems has been agreed on.The troubleis(7)__________it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damage-a person may feel perfectly well,but the cells of his or her sex organs may be damaged,and this will no be discovered (8)the birth of deformed children or even grandchildren.Missions of the Apollo flights have had to cross belts of high amount of rems.So far,no dangerous amounts of radiation have been reported,but the Apollo missions have been quite short.We simply do not know yet(9) __________men are going to get on when they spend weeks and months outside the protection ofthe atmosphere,working in a space laboratory.Drugs might help to decrease the damage(10) __________(do)by radiation,but no really effective ones have been found so far.(B)Before I went to the British Koi Keepers’Annual Show,I didn’t understand(1)______ people could take fish soseriously.However,the more I learned about koi,the more interested I became.As one expert told me,“Collecting koi is far more addictive than you might think.They’reas beautiful as butterflies and very calming to watch.”Freddie Mercury,the lead singer of Queen, would have agreed----the pool in his specially built Japanese garden was home to89koi,(2) __________cost up to￡10,000each.At the show I met koi euthusiast Jean Kelly.“Koi are getting more and more expensive,”shetold me.“One recently sold for￡250,000.”I was shocked-----that’s almost as much as I paid for my house.“Well,that was a record,”(3)__________(admit)Jean.“The normal price is nowhere nearas high as that.”Nevertheless,serious collectors can pay up to￡15,000for a fully(4)_______(grow)koi, which is nearly as expensive as a new luxurious car,and the bigger they are,the more they cost.The cheapest I(5)________find was￡75each,but they were only about twice as big as my goldfish. Jean wasn’t impressed by one of the koi on sale either.“Actually,these koi aren’t any nicer than(6)_______,”She commented.“(7)_______they are slightly bigger than the ones I’ve got,I paid considerable less than this.”I wasn’t quite as enthusiastic as Jean,but I did consider(8)________(buy)one.Then I remember that all but5of Freddie Mercury’s koi died when someone accidentally turned off the electricity supply to their pool.Jean assured me that with all the new equipment available the survival rate was getting better and better,and that looking(9)______koi was no harder than taking care of any other pet.However,in the end of I decided to stick with my goldfish.They’re not nearly as beautiful as koi—but they’re a great deal cheaper(10)______(replace)!Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.associatedB.likelyC.decreasesD.abstractE.limitF.funG.contributesH.consistentlyI.favorablyJ.reasonedK.averageThe Beadles sang that money can't buy you love.But what about happiness?Research(41)______shows that the more money people have,the more likely they are to report being satisfiedwith their lifes.And that makes sense:money buys you things that make life easier and more satisfying;the easier your life,the happier you tend to be.That relationship isn’t entirely linear,since there's a(n) (42)______to how much money can please you;the happiness benefit of an increasing income is especially powerful among people who don’t have much money to start with,and(43)______as wealth increases.But studies also reveal that as(44)______income levels have risen over time inthe U.S.and European nations.For example---residents of those countries have not reported beingany happier than people were30or40year ago.It's a paradox that while income and happiness may be(45)______within a population at any given moment,overall economic growth does not appearto corresponded to a boost in national satisfaction over time.To understand why,researchers at the University of Warwick and Cardiff University decidedto break down how individual people evaluate their income.What does wealth mean to people? Previous work has suggested that people tend to value their own wealth more-and are happier-whenit compares(46)______to everyone else's.The so-called reference-income hypothesis holds that itis not simply how much money you make that(47)______to satisfaction,but how much more money make than,say,the national average.The higher your salary than the norm,the happier you tend to be.But the reference-income hypothesis is rather(48)______.The researchers wondered whether there was a more concrete way to capture how people valued their income.They(49)______that people tended to make specific comparisons of personal wealth,not only with the average incomeof the larger population,but with the individual incomes of their neighbors,colleagues from college. And the higher their rank,the greater their sense of happiness and self-worth would(50)______ be."For example,people might care about whether they are the second most highly paid person orthe eighth most highly paid person,in their comparison set.”write the author,Chris Boyce,a psychologist at the University of Warwick.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The beauty,majesty and timelessness of a primary rainforest are incredible.It is impossibleto51._______on film,to describe in words,or to explain to those who have never had the awe-inspiring experience of standing in the heart of a primary rainforest.Rainforests have52.______over millions of years to turn into the incredible complex environment they are today.Rainforests represent a store of living and53._______renewable natural resources that for eons,by virtue of their richness in both animal and plant species,have54._______a wealth of resources for the survival and well-being of mankind.These resources have included basic food supplies,clothing,shelter,fuel,species,industrial raw material,and medicine for all those who have lived in the majesty of the forest.55._______the inner dynamics of a tropical rainforest is an intricate and fragile system.Everything is so56._______that upsetting one part can lead to unknown damage or even destruction of the whole.Sadly,it has taken only a century of human intervention to destroy what nature designed to57._______forever.The scale of human58._______on ecosystems everywhere has increased in the last few decades.Since1980the global economy has tripled in size and the world population has increasedby30percent.Consumption of everything on the planet has risen--at a cost to our59._______.in 2001,the World Resources Institute estimated that the demand for rice,wheat and corn is expectedto grow by40%by2020,increasing irrigation water demands by50%or more.The further reported that the demand for wood could double by the year2050,60._______it is still the tropical forestsof the world that supply the bulk of the world’s demand for wood.In1950,about15percent of the Earth’s land surface was covered by rainforest.Today,morethan half has already gone up in61._______.in fewer than fifty years,more than half of the worlds tropical rainforests have fallen62._______to fire and the chainsaw,and the rate of destruction isstill accelerating.Unbelievably,more that200,000acres of rainforest are burned every day.That is more that150acres lost every minute of every day,and78million acres lost every year!More than20percent of the Amazon rainforest is already gone,and much more is vanishing at a rate of20,000 square miles a year.If nothing is done to curb this63._______,the entire Amazon could well begone within fifty years.Massive64._______brings with it may ugly consequences--air and water pollution,soil erosion,malaria epidemics,the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and the65._______of biodiversity through extinction of plants and animals.Fewer rainforests mean less rain,less oxygen for us to breathe,and an increased threat from global warming.51.A.present B.capture C.claim D.prove52.A.changed B.evolved C.expanded D.existed53.A.energizing B.healing C.isolating D.breathing54.A.contributed B.stored C.reduced D.affected55.A.However B.Furthermore C.Therefore D.Otherwise56.A.active B.sensitive C.interdependent D.delicate57.A.restore B.support C.revive /doc/02b93573a4e9856a561252d380eb6294dd88228b.html st58.A.pressure B.power C.concern D.strength59.A.existence B.ecosystem C.planet D.survival60.A.unfortunately B.consequently C.naturally D.similarly61.A.store B.food C.smoke D.wealth62.A.subject B.down C.apart D.victim63.A.trend B.practice C.decrease D.attitude64.A.destruction B.industrialization C.modernization D.deforestation65.A.appearance B.explosion C.loss D.increase Section BDirection：Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The definition of the standard kilogram is almost fundamentally wrong.Getting the definition right is a challenge that has tried the patience and intelligence of scientists for decades.Scientists use just seven basic units to define all the other quantities we use—quantities suchas speed or electric power.All of those basic units except the kilogram are themselves defined according to natural properties that are beyond human control.For example,the standard second(time)is defined as a specific number of vibration of a typeof radiation sent out by atoms of a special metal.The standard metre(length),in turn,is defined asthe length of the path light travels during a specific fraction of a second.Not so the kilogram.This orphan of the basic unit family is simply the mass of a small platinum-iridium alloy cylinder（铂—铱合⾦筒）locked away in a container maintained by the International Bureau of Weights&Measures in Sevres,France. Embarrassingly,the last time the copies were brought to Sevres for a checkup in the1980s, officials found that some copies had gained about20parts per billion in weight compared to the master cylinder since the previous checkup in the1940s.This implies that the master cylinder itself may be an inconstant standard.No one knows what causes the weight changes.But the uncertainty can’t be tolerated when precision(精密度)in research and some manufacturing now demands accuracy to a few parts per billion.Several efforts in several different countries are under way to redefine the kilogram in terms of basic physical quantities such as counting the actual number of atoms of a specific substance in a kilogram or the electromagnetic force that balances a kilogram mass against gravity.A project of the latter type at the laboratories in Gaithersburg,Md.,hopes eventually to define mass by means of electrical units.So far,none of these redefinition projects has borne fruit.They require the very accuracy of measurement and control of experimental conditions.The slightest pollution,tiny vibration,or other influence--even changes in weather--can ruin results.Y ou’vegot to hand it to scientists who are willing to devote many years to such painstaking but extremely important research.66.Which of the following best paraphrases the sentence“Not so kilogram”in paragragh4?A．The kilogram is not as accurate as the standard second.B．The kilogram is not universally accepted in the world.C．The kilogram is not defined in terms of natural properties.D．The kilogram is not well defined as time and length.67.Which of the following can NOT be concluded from the passage?A．Experiments are being carried out to redefine the kilogram.B．The uncertainty in the standard kilogram can seriously affect some research.C．The redefining of the standard kilogram is quite complicatedD．Scientists will achieve success in redefining the kilogram in the near future68.According to the passage,to define the weight of mass in terms of electrical units________.A．is one of the best methods to redefine the kilogram.B．has been accepted as the only possible redefinition projectC．is not as simple as what people can understandD．has been considered by some scientists as a better approach69.We can know form the passage that the redefinition of the kilogram is________.A．more important in keeping market honesty.B．worth years of scientists’painstaking research.C．the urgent requirement of business and manufacturing.D．bring about important and fruitful results.（B）Stewart Island Ferry ServicesWhile most visitors spend at least one night on Stewart Island,it is also readily accessible by ferry as a day excursion from Invercargill and Bluff.Experience Foveaux Strait in comfort and style on board our express catamarans.During the one-hour crossing between Bluff and Stewart Island keep a lookout for wildlife,especially seabirds. Watching mollymawks(albatross)soaring behind the ferry is a fantastic sight.Interesting landmarks commonly seen include Dog Island Lighthouse,Ruapuke Island,Titi Islands and Mt Anglem-Stewart Island’s highest point.Free tea and coffee on boardInterpretation handouts are available(English only).Wheelchair access availablePersonal baggage is carried free on the ferries-max.two bags per person(one stowed and one small carry-on).Additional baggage is by prior arrangement.V ehicle parking available at Bluff(extra cost-reservations recommended)“20% Multi - Purchase REW ARD”on Return Ferry ServicesBuy2or more different excursions and SA VE20%off all lower priced!Kids Go FREE on selected departures during NZ School Holidays!Kids Go FREE for travel20April-5May2013.70.If leaving a car at Bluff,a traveler had better_________.A．refer to the handouts first B．use wheelchair accessC．make a reservation D．park it30minutes before departure time71.John,who went to Stewart Island on Dec.28th,got to the ferry dock at7:55am.When did he most probably leave Bluff? A．At8:00a.m..B．At9:30a.m..C．At11:00a.m..D．At3:00p.m..72.Which of the following is false about the ferry services?A．Tea and coffee are free for passengers.B．Children go free for travel for about15days.C．Travelers are sure to see some seabirds during the crossing.D．Passengers have to pay extra cost for extra pieces of luggage.（C）Like every dog,every disease now seems to have its day.World Tuberculosis(infections disease in which growths appear on the lungs)Day is on Saturday March24th.Tuberculosis was once terribly fashionable.Dying of"consumption"seems to have been a favorite activity of garret-dwelling19th-century artists,h has,however,been neglected of late. Researchers in the field never tire of pointing out that TB kills a lot of people.According to figures released earlier this week by the World Health Organization,1.6million people died of the diseasein2005,compared with about3m for AIDS and l m for malaria.But it receives only a fraction ofthe research budget devoted to AIDS.America’s National Institutes of Health,for example,spends20times as much on AIDS as on TB.Nevertheless,everyone seems to getting in on the TB-day actthis year.The Global Fund an international organization responsible fur fighting all three diseases but best known for its work on AIDS,has used the occasion to trumpet its tuberculosis projects.Thefund claims that its anti-TB activities since it opened for business in2002have saved the lives ofover1m people.The W orld Health Organization has issued a report that contains some good news. Although the number of TB cases is still rising,the rate of illness seems to have stabilized;the caseload,in other words,is growing only because the population itself is going up.Even drug companies are involved.In the run-up to the day itself,Eli Lilly announced a$50m boost to its MDRTB Global Partnership.MDR stands for multi-drug resistance,and it is one of the reasons why TB is back in the limelight.Careless treatment has caused drug-resistant strains to evolve all over the world.The course of drugs needed to clear the disease completely takes six mouths,anti persuading people lo stay that course once their symptoms have gone is hard. Unfortunately,those infected with MDR have to be treated with less effective,more poisonous and more costlydrugs.Naturally,these provoke still more.non-compliance and thus still more evolution.The other reason TB is back is its relationship to AIDS.The(global Fund’s joint responsibility for the diseases is no coincidence.AIDS does not kill directly.Rather,HIV,the virus that causes it, weakens the body’s immune system and exposes the sufferer to secondary infections.Of these,TBis one of the most serious.It kills200000AIDS patients a year.However,some anti-TB drugs interfere with the effect of some anti-HIV drugs.Conversely,in about20%of cases where a patienthas both diseases,anti-HIV drugs make the tuberculosis worse.The upshot is that125years after human beings worked out what caused TB,it is still a serious threat.73.The first sentence“Like every dog,every disease now seems to have its day.”means_______.。
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A. to finding outB. to find outC. to be finding outD. finding out
The night before the procession, the two cheats had their lights burning all night long.在举行游行的前一天夜里，那两个骗子让灯整夜亮
3. have sth. done“让某人被……”在此结构中，宾语与宾语补足语之间有着逻辑上的被动关系，所以宾语补足语一般由及物动词的过去分词充当。
A. Having spentB. SpendingC. SpentD. To spend
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：已经花了我整个职业生涯来研究黑洞，我最终更加了解它们了。分析句子可知，此处是非谓语动词作状语，spend和逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，故用现在分词，又“花费整个职业生涯”发生在谓语动词came up with之前，故用现在分词的完成式形式having done，故选A项。
We are used to getting up early to run.我们习惯于早起跑步。
The machine is used to remove the snow.这机器被用来除雪。
9.They ________ by air this morning for all flights were canceled due to the heavy fog.
He can't/couldn't have attended the meeting yesterday, for he and his family had gone to Paris. 他昨天不可能参加了会议，因为他和家人已经去了巴黎。
【点睛】本题第二空考查have作为使役动词的用法
have作为使役动词通常有以下三个用法：
have sb. do sth. “让/请某人做某事”，宾语是宾语补足语所表示动作的执行者，但宾语补足语表示的动作却发生在have动作之后，即宾语补足语所表示的动作在当时尚未发生。例如：
The soldiers had him stand with his back to his father.士兵们让这男孩背对他父亲站着。
I used to walk to school.我过去步行去上学。
She used to be a waitress, but now she is a famous writer.她曾经是一个服务员，但现在她是一个著名的作家。
He is used to the traffic rules of England.他习惯英国的交通规则。
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：你有没有觉得你太习惯于一个人独处，因此你不关心其他任何人？此处考查短语be used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”，故选A项。
【点睛】本句考查关于used的短语，used to do/be过去常常做/曾经是，be used to (doing) sth.习惯于（做）某事，be used to do被用来做，例如：
The teacher had us hand in our homework on time.老师让我们按时交作业。
have sb. / sth. doing sth多表示“让某人/某物处于做某事的状态”，此时have也可由keep来代替。例如：
His parents had him staying at home all the time.他父母亲让他一直呆在家里。
4.The public is shocked at the news of that famous college ________ all the students’ information ________ to several private companies during the year of 2015-2017.
【点睛】本题考查情态动词表示推测
一般我们把推测句分为两种，肯定推测和否定推测，肯定推测用must，否定推测用can't
，具体用法如下：
对现在情况的肯定推测用must do/be/be doing，对过去情况的肯定推测用must have done，例如：
That must be my math teacher, for he likes wear a blue hat.那肯定是我的数学老师，应为他喜欢带一顶蓝色的帽子。
8.Do you feel like you ________ alone so that you can’t care for someone else?
A. are too used to beingB. used to being
C. are too used to beD. too used to being
上海市上海交大附中2018-2019学年高一上学期期末
英语试题
1.A gingko tree ________ to be around 3800 years old was recently discovered in Hebei Province.
A. was believedB. that believedC. believedD. being believed
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：这个证据意味着Mr. Warrick的家人离查明那晚他们的儿子发生了什么又更进一步了。此处考查短语be close to“靠近/接近……”，其中to是介词，其后应接find out的动名词形式作宾语。故选A项。
6.________ by the new rule that was approved last month, the company is looking for a new way to expand their market share.
A. GuidingB. Being guidedC. To be guidedD. Guided
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在上个月通过的新规则的指导下，这家公司正在寻找新的方法来拓展他们的市场份额。分析句子可知，此处是非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语the company和guide之间是被动关系，故A项错误；且根据句意，动作先于谓语动词“is looking for”，表示被动完成，故用过去分词；being guided也是被动式，但是表示动作正在进行，故B项错误；to be guided是不定式的被动形式，表示动作没有发生。故C项错误。综上，故选D项。
如果从句的谓语动词是一般现在或现在完成时，主句谓语动词一般用将来完成时，例如：
By the time you get back, I will have finished the work.你回来时，我已经完成工作了。
By the time I graduate next year, I will have lived here for 5 years.明年我毕业时，我已经在这住了5年。
3.By tBiblioteka e time she ________ home to Belgium three months later, her outlook ________ completely.
A. returned…changedB. had returned…changed
C. had returned…had changedD. returned…had changed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：到她三个月之后从比利时回来的时候，她的观点已经完全改变了。由three months later和语境判断第一空处用一般过去时；由by the time + 句子（一般过去时）主句用过去完成时，判断第二空处用过去完成时。故选D项。
【点睛】本句考查by the time意为“到……时候（为止）”的用法
A. having…to be soldB. to have…selling
C. having…soldD. had…to sell
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：公众对那个著名大学的新闻感到震惊，该大学在2015-2017年间把学生的信息卖给几个私人公司。分析句子可知，第一空处是非谓语动词作后置定语，have和逻辑主语college之间是主动关系，故用现在分词having作定语；第二空处考查固定表达have sb./sth. done“让某人/某事被…….”，其中done是sb./sth.的补语，它们是逻辑上的被动关系。故选C项。
A. shouldn't have leftB. mustn't have leftC. can't have leftD. might not have left
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：他们今天早上不可能是坐飞机离开的，因为，由于大雾所有的航班都取消了。A. shouldn't have left本不应该做某事；B. mustn't have left(无此表达)；C. can't have left过去不可能做某事；D. might not have left过去可能没做某事。根据句意可知，此处考查对过去情况的否定推测，其表达为can’t/couldn’t have done，故选C项。
It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.昨晚肯定下过雨，因为地面是湿的。