高一阅读理解专项训练
高一阅读理解专项训练
阅读下面的文字，完成7—9题。
官舱里
茅盾
忽然船上的茶房在太阳晒不到的一边舱外支起旧蓝布的遮阳来了。
就有一个柔软的声音轻轻说：“怎么晒不到的地方倒要遮阳？”发言者是女性，二十岁不到。太阳脚落在她的颈脖上，这虽有颇厚的电烫头发给遮住，可是头发里好像有些小虫子爬着，她时时举手到耳后掠一下。她这一句话是对同伴说的，同伴是男性，也不过二十岁模样。“就要出‘塘’了，出了‘塘’这边有太阳。”对面的一位老者解释着，顺手理一理灰黄的八字须。老者有一张颇为红润的脸，疏眉朗目，声音洪亮，加之顺手摸模八字须，表示了他的身份和教养，这立刻在两位年青人的心里留下了蔼然可亲的印象。
“啊！是，是。”男的恭恭敬敬回答，“尊姓？”
“黄。草头黄。”
内河小火轮的官舱中，旅客们大都是有“身份”的，往往不像客舱里的朋友们，凳子还没坐热就前后左右攀谈过。
老先生自然是“中装”，蓝绸大褂，老式花样。老先生是吸烟的，他那枝旱烟管是湘妃竹的，红润如玉，白铜斗儿，象牙咬嘴，挂着一副白银的剔牙杖，不过盛旱烟的荷包却是外国人用来装板烟的橡皮袋儿。
老先生极健谈，现在他已经从“今天天气哈哈”转到了当天上海报上登的叶海生案审判的情形。他的老伴，很清秀很文雅的眉目，一点不见老态。估量她总有五十岁，因为她的脚是地道的三寸金莲，而她的谈吐举止却叫人想到三十多岁年青时她大概是“维新派”。
即使她穿一身时髦的衣服，着实也并不“怪样”，比她身边那位女青年自然些。那位女青年当然是又窄又长的旗袍，又硬又高的领子，三寸高跟皮鞋，面颊上涂着两团“健康色”，手指上是鲜红的蔻丹。
男青年是穿洋服的，两个假肩头实在太阔，又翘得太高了，叫人看着难受；一双尖头皮鞋太尖了，不输于那位老太太的小脚的鞋尖。他也吸烟，衔在他嘴里的是一枝五寸来长银镶头的电木烟嘴。
这样的两对越谈越投契了，不知怎样一来谈到“文艺”方面了。
女青年这时忽然低声说：“巴金的《家》很好吧！”“唔！”老先生喷出一口浓烟将脑袋一侧。男青年赶快拿下他的太长的卷烟咬嘴，带点忸怩态度说明：“新出的，一部哀情小说。”“哦！”老先生和老太太几乎同时叫了起来。“也是家庭小说。”那位女青年又低声说。
“倒不曾看过巴金。”那位老太太微微一笑，发表她的意见，“哀情小说、家庭小说，不能不推《红楼梦》。”于是她就研究起《红楼梦》来，特地对她丈夫说：“凤姐和贾母斗的牌，大概就是麻将书上说凤姐放一张‘一饼’给贾母。‘一筒’北方人叫‘一饼’，不过她们是两个人就可以成局的。”
老先生只顾一面喷着烟，一面摇着脑袋画圈子，末了，他把早烟斗在舱板上笃笃地敲着，似乎斟酌了一番才说：“恐怕牌是同样的牌，打法却不同。”
这当儿船上的汽管叫了几声，官舱窗外移近来了一带石帮岸，岸上是一簇瓦房。船靠了埠，就有些人腿在官舱窗外走过，接着是三四位旅客涌进这官舱来，有黄布学生服的青年，也有满脸肥肉的商人，这“小世界”里现在热闹了许多，也复杂了许多。
船再开驶后，这官舱里依然还有“风雅”的谈吐，但最多而最响的声音是茧市米价，桐油涨得太猛。
黄布学生服的两位靠近舱门边，在争论沿河一带的“南瓜棚”到底有多少“国防”的意义。因为据说这些小小的连成一片的“南瓜棚”是奉命搭盖的，用意在万一对日战争这可以避免飞机“下蛋”，那就是“防空”！
（有删改）
7．下列对小说相关内容和艺术特色的分析鉴赏，不正确的一项是（）（3分）
A．小说淡化了矛盾冲突，以散文特写式的笔触描绘了官舱里旅客交谈的场景，表面上写得很随意，实际上以小见大，展示了当时中国社会的状况。
B．小说通过对官舱里老少两对夫妻的肖像、动作、语言、神态等的描写，揭示出他们各自的生活状态，如“颇厚的电烫头发”反映出了女青年追求时髦。
C．小说集中笔墨叙写了老少两对夫妻的攀谈，直到文末才出现两位学生关于“南瓜棚”的“国防”意义的争论，点出时代背景，构思巧妙，耐人寻味。
D．小说字里行间浸透着作者强烈的愤懑之情，寓批判于叙写之中，特别是对官舱里的人们，给予了无情的嘲讽，因为他们大都是有“身份”的。
8．小说中的老少两对夫妻，尽管有年龄差距，却有着一些相同的特征，请简要分析。（6分）9．茅盾深受契诃夫的影响，“能从日常生活的琐屑现象中挖掘出深刻的社会内容”，请结合作品简要分析。（6分）
蒙面人
罗伟章
那年我在北京写剧本，住在右安门一个老旧的居民区里。久不住人，墙上挂着空空的蛛网，地板泛着陈年的油光。每月要1 000元。作为没有任何经济来源的“北漂族”，这无异于泰山压顶。我写出告示邀合租者，并写明自己从事的“编剧”职业，倒不是别的意思，只是想表明我走的是正道，多多少少还有些教养，让人放心。
仅仅过了一天，就有人打电话来。听声音是一个小伙子，口气异常谦恭。
我把地址告诉了他，让他过来看看。
没多久他就来了。果真是个小伙子，中等身材，高眉骨，小眼睛。他来之前，我怕他看不上，还特意打扫了屋子。谁知他根本就不关心房子的事，而是进到我的卧室，很有兴趣地盯住电脑。电脑的显示屏上，是我正创作的剧本《重拳出击》。
他说江哥，你真是编剧呀？我点了点头，问他愿不愿意跟我合租。
愿意啊，不愿意我就不过来了。
为留住他，我说，小李（他叫李强），租这套房是l 000元，我可以把我跟房主签的合同拿给你看，你来后，我们平摊，一人500，卧室由你挑，我往的那间比较透风，要是你想住，我就搬到另一间去。
他的小眼睛不停地眨：江哥看你说的！你忙你的剧本去，我回去收拾，一会儿就过来。
第二天，他就搬过来了。带来的东西非常简单，一个书包就装下了。当天晚上，他就跟我商量：江哥，以后我们自己做饭吧。这建议当然好，自己做饭不仅省钱，还吃得舒坦，可我是最怕麻烦的人，何况这里不像我家乡那样通天然气，都是烧煤气罐，那家伙我看着就头大，而且烧不了多久，一罐气就完了，又得去换，我觉得自己根本就扛不动；打电话让别人送上门吧，送一罐得多付5块钱。
李强说，你别担心，换煤气的事由我来，我有的是力气；只要我不外出，饭也由我烧，江哥你是写剧本的，你就安安心心写——你那剧本还要多久写完？
把初稿拉出来，再修改，需要两个月左右吧。
两个月呀……他说，好的，就按我说的来，行不？
行当然是行的，就是把你亏待了。
自此，我们各出一点钱，都交到他手上，他去买米买菜。每次买了东西回来，他都利用吃饭时间一五一十地给我报账。只是让他一个人干活到底不像话，烧饭时，哪怕我正写得起劲，也起身去帮忙择择菜什么的。每当这时候，他都把我拦开，说江哥你别过意不去，我们能合租一套房，就是几百年才修来的缘分。我从来也没想过，在异地他乡，竟然碰上这样一位好兄弟。
他外出的时候不太多，但要出去就是整天不归。每次回来，他虽然带着笑脸，但眉眼里的疲惫和沮丧显而易见。有天深夜，我听到他开门进屋，一边热我留给他的饭菜，一边轻轻地哼歌：为了超越平凡的生活，注定暂时漂泊。
这两句歌词，唱到我骨子里去了，唱得我差点掉泪。我走出卧室，想好好跟他说说话。以前认他是兄弟，只是生活上的感觉，现在他走入了我的内心。
那两句歌词，他不是随便唱的，而是从灵魂深处发出的声音。
饭菜已热好，他正狼吞虎咽。见我出来，他说，你还吃点不？我说不了。你是不是一整天没吃饭？他停止咀嚼，不回我的话，只说，我出去找活做，又没找到。他身上很脏，布满灰土。你……找什么工作？
演员，我从小的理想就是当演员！他露出羞涩的微笑，眼神却很坚定。
原来是这样。
我来北京已经5年了，他接着说，当了几回群众演员，播放的时候连我的影子也瞧不见。有一次终于有了我的镜头，还是个特写，可是……那回我演的是个蒙面人。
说到这里，他很愧疚地望着我：江哥，我来跟你住，就是希望能在你的剧里演个角色，你不会……我知道他想说什么，我说不会的，怎么可能呢。
我心里很酸。
有件事我一直想问你，他犹疑地说，你剧本里有水戏吗？我在黄河边长大，扳舵使桡搏浪击水，都是一把好手。如果我演水戏，肯定演得像模像样！
我说，有啊，有，只不过是长江不是黄河，可那不都一样嘛！我本来只准备写三场水戏，干脆再多加几场。到时候，我一定把你推荐给导演。
他眼睛一红：江哥，我真想喝酒。
别喝了，你也累了，该休息了。看你这样子，是从建筑工地上下来的吧？
他老老实实地承认了，说平时无以为生，就去工地上挣点饭钱。
他洗碗的时候，我回到了卧室。坐在电脑前，我心里格外沉重。为让他高兴，我说了大话。他哪里知道，此前我写过6个剧本，都无一被人看中。我跟他一样，都是芸芸众生里的“蒙面人”。然而，我却把本子拉到开头，认认真真地加入此前根本就没有的水戏。
7．下列对本文相关内容和艺术特色的赏析，不正确的一项是（3分）( ) A．小说开头交代“我”租房的情形，突出了“我”经济上的困窘，让读者初步感知到“北漂族”生活的不易。
B．小说采用双线叙事，双线并行、交叉，将“我”与李强的故事串联在一起，集中紧凑，平添了阅读的魅力。
C．小说写李强哼歌，并称歌词是“从灵魂深处发出的声音”，表现了“北漂族”为了理想打拼的辛酸与执着。
D．小说结尾写“我”在剧本中加上了“水戏”，凸显了“我”内心的无奈和苦涩：想帮李强，但没有更好的途径。
8．小说塑造李强这一形象时运用了哪些手法？请简要分析。（6分）
9．结合全文，探究小说题目“蒙面人”的意蕴。（6分）
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