最全英语动词不定式

最全英语动词不定式
最全英语动词不定式

动词不定式

动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式。其结构是“to+动词原形”,否定形式为“not+to+动词原形”。动词不定式在句中不充当谓语,不受主语的限制,但有时态和语态的变化。动词不定式是中考的必考点之一。现结合最近几年的中考真题,全面梳理动词不定式的考点。

一、动词不定式做主语

1. 动词不定式直接做主语。如:

To swim in the river is dangerous.在河里游泳是很危险的。

To ask the teacher for help is necessary.向老师寻求帮助是有必要的。

2.下列特殊句型中的动词不定式做真实主语。

▲“It is+形容词+for sb.to do sth.”意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”。其中句中的形容词多为描述性的词语,不对人或物的品格进行评价,如difficult,easy,hard,important,dangerous,impossible等。

例1:It is imponant( ) people ( )good manners.

A. for;to learn

B. of;to learn

C. for;learn

D. of;learn

解析:A。句中的important是描述性形容词,因此用介词for,后接动词不定式做真实主语。故选A。

▲“It is+形容词+of sb.to do sth.”意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”。其中句中的形容词用于描述人的性格、品质,如kind,good,nice,right,wrong,clever,careless,polite,foolish等。

例2:—Let me help you carry the box,Granny

—Thank you,Li Lei.It’s very nice( )you( ) me.

A.of;to help

B. for;to help

C. of;helping

D. for;helping

B.解析:A。句中的形容词nice是表示人的品质的形容词,因此后接介词of。of后面的动词不定式做句子的真实主语。故选A。

3. “It’s a/one’s+n.(task/duty/job)...+to do sth.”意为“做某事是……的任务/职责/工作”。如:It’s my duty to save patients.治病救人是我的职责。

例3:—It’s our duty ( )our city clean and beautiful.

—Yes.We should do something for it. A. to keep B. keep C. keeping

解析:A。考查“It’s one’s+名词+动词不定式”的用法。故选A。

二、动词不定式做表语

动词不定式做表语,一般用于be动词或seem等系表动词后面。主语通常是wish,idea,works,task,job,aim等词。如:

My work is to clean the room every day.我的工作是每天打扫房间。

He seemed to have heard nothing.他似乎什么也没有听到。

三、动词不定式做宾语

动词不定式做宾语是中考常考考点之一,具体用法分为两种情况:

1. 一些动词必须接动词不定式做宾语,这类动词有want(想要),decide(决定),ask(问、寻求),learn(学习),tell(告诉),teach(教、讲授),hope(希望),plan(计划),refuse(拒绝),expect(期待、期望),afford(负担得起),warn(警告),invite(邀请)等。

例4:They decided( ) a bridge over the river. A. build B. to build C. building

解析:B。decide to do sth.意为“决定去做某事”。

例5:—Some children can’t afford( ) necessary stationary.

—Let’s donate our pocket money to them.

A. buy

B. buying

C. to buy

D. be bought

解析:C。afford to do sth.意为“有能力去做某事”。故选C。

2.think,find,feel,make,believe等动词可用于“动词+it+形容词+to do sth.”结构。在此句型中,it做形式宾语,而真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。

例6:I found ()not very easy to() ride a bike.

A. that;learn

B. it;to learn

C. that;to learn

解析:B。句意为:我发现学骑自行车不是很容易。found后用it做形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式,故选B。

四、动词不定式做宾语补足语

1. 后接带to的不定式做宾语补足语的动词有ask,want,tell,wish,would like,teach,invite,advise,allow,order,encourage,warn等。

例7:My friend invited me ( )the art club,and I accepted it with pleasure.

A. join

B. to join

C. joined

D. joining

解析:B。invite sb.to do sth.意为“邀请某人做某事”。故选B。

例8:Mr. Smith told his son() the football match because of the exam.

A. not to watch

B. to not watch

C. not watching

D. doesn’t watch

解析:A。tell sb.not to do sth.意为“告诉某人不要做某事”。故选A。

2.后接省略to的不定式做宾语补足语的动词有:一感(feel);二听(hear,listen to);三使(make,let,have);四看(see,watch,notice,look at)”。但要注意的是:在被动语态结构中,应还原动词不定式符号to。

例9:what happens when you hear a strange noise at night,or find a big spider in the

corner of your bedroom?It often makes us( ) .

A. jump

B. to jump

C. jumping

D. jumped

解析:A。make sb. do sth.意为“使某人做某事”。

例10:The girl was made() her brother’s clothes.

A.to wash

B. wash

C. washing

解析:A。make sb.do sth.意为“使某人做某事”,用于被动语态时,省去的不定式符号to要加上,故选A。

五、动词不定式做定语

1. 动词不定式做定语时位于被修饰词语之后,做后置定语。

例11:—We don’t have enough money for our field()trip.What shall we do?—The best way money is to sell newspapers.A. raise B. to raise C. raising

解析:B。答语句意为:筹集资金最好的方式是卖报纸。to raise money做way的后置定语。故选B。

2. 如果不定式动词与被修饰词之间有逻辑上的动宾关系,并且该动词是不及物动词,则需要加上适当的介词或副词使动宾关系成立。

例12:When you move somewhere new,the first thing for you is to find a place() .

A. to live

B. living in

C. to live in

解析:C。句意为:当你搬到一个新的地方时,首先要找一个住处。句中用动词不定式做定语修饰名词,并和所修饰的名词存在动宾关系,排除B项;当动词不定式做定语和前面的名词存在动宾关系,动词若是不及物动词,需要在不定式后面加适当的介词。故选C。

六、动词不定式做状语时可以表示目的、结果或原因等。

例13:when you leave,please turn off the lights() energy.

A.save

B.to save

C.saving

D.saved

解析:B。本题考查动词不定式做目的状语的用法。句意为:当你离开的时候,请关上所有的灯,以便节约能源。根据句意可知,关灯的目的是节约能源。故选B。

例14:Mr. Li is a kind-hearted man.Though he is not rich,he always does everything ()he can the homeless children. A. to support B. support C. supporting D. supported

解析:A。本题考查动词不定式做目的状语的用法。句意为:李先生是个好心人。虽然他并不富有,但他总是愿意竭尽所能地帮助无家可归的孩子。故选A。七、特殊结构中的动词不定式可以和疑问词who,what,which,why,when,how,where等词连用,构成“疑问词+动词不定式”结构,在句中可以做主语、宾语和表语此结构通常位于下列动词之后:tell,teach,know,wonder,learn,show,find,out,ask,understand等。

例15:—So beautiful flowers!I can’t decide()for my mom.

—For Mother’s Day,it can’t be better to take some carnation (康乃馨).

A. when to choose

B. which to choose

C. how to choose

解析:B。考查含有特殊疑问词的动词不定式的用法。句意为:如此美丽的花朵我不知道给妈妈买哪一种。——在母亲节,最好送康乃馨。when to choose“什么时候买”;which to choose“买哪一种”;how to choose“怎样选择”。结合句意,选B。

例16:I really don’t know ()this question.It is too hard.

A. which to answer

B. how to answer

C. what to answer

解析:B。句意为:我真的不知道如何回答这个问题。它太难了。对“方式或手段”进行提问用疑问词how。故选B。

英语常用不规则动词表完整版

英语常用不规则动词表 完整版 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN

英语常用不规则动词正版完整版 一、规则动词的过去式由“动词原形+-ed”构成,具体变化有: 1. 直接在词尾加-ed。如: want—wanted, work—worked, need—needed, clean—cleaned 2. 以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。如:like—liked, live—lived, use—used, move—moved 3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,先双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-ed。如:stop—stopped, trip—tripped 4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先把y变成i,再加-ed。如:study—studied, carry—carried, hurry—hurried, marry—married 二、不规则动词变化,大体上归纳有以下六条记忆法: 1. 以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。如:put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat 2. 以d结尾的词,把d变成t。如:build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent 3. 以n结尾的词,在词后加t。如:mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt 4. 以ow / aw结尾的词,把ow / aw变成ew。如:blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew 5. 含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t。如:keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt 6. 含有元音字母o / i的词,将o / i变成a。如:sing—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—drank 1.AAA

(完整版)英语常见动词不定式词组

常见动词不定式词组、句型用法总结★希望做某事hope to do sth. ★决定做某事decide to do sth. ★同意做某事agree to do sth. ★需要某人做某事need to do sth. ★使用某物做某事use sth to do sth ★迫不及待做某事can’t wait to do ★准备做某事get/be ready to do ★尽力/努力做某事try to do sth ★计划做某事plan to do sth. ★不得不have to do ★轮流做某事take one’s turns to do sth.★拒绝做某事refuse to do sth. ★告诉某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. ★请某人做某事ask sb. to do sth. ★期待某人做某事expect sb. to do sth.

★教某人做某事teach sb. to do sth ★想要某人做某事want /would like sb.to do sth. ★同意某人做某事agree sb. to do sth.. ★喜欢/想要某人做某事like sb. to do sth. ★帮助某人做某事help sb. to do sth/help sb.do ★It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某 事 ★It’s time(for sb.) to do sth.是某人做某事时候了 ★It’s +adj. for/of sb. to do sth. 对于某人来说做某事是…… ★It takes sb. time to do sth. 某人做某事花了某时间

英语动词不定式大全

英语动词不定式大全 动词不定式是一种活跃的非谓语动词。它在句中起的是名词。形容词或副词的作用,可在句子中作主语。宾语。定语。状语和宾语补足语。动词不定式的形式是"to +动词原形",但to有时要省去。动词不定式在具体运用时,用不用to,取决于谓语动词的用法: 一。带to的不定式结构 1.我们学过的能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有:want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like ,love, stop, go, come 等。 2.动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not,即not to do sth.。例如: Jim told me not to wake up Kate.吉姆告诉我别叫醒凯特。 二。不带to的不定式结构 以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式: 1.在固定词组had better之后。注意:had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。例如: You had better go home now.你最好现在回家。 It's cold outside. You'd better not go out.外面很冷,你最好不要出去。 2.在let,make,see, feel, watch,hear等感官或使役动词后,要跟不带to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语。例如: I made them give me the money back.我迫使他们把钱还给我。 I didn't see you come in.我没看见你进来。 3.在引导疑问句的why not之后。 "Why not+不带to的不定式"是Why don't you do…的省略,可以用来提出建议或劝告。例如: Why not go with us。为什么不和我们一起去呢。 Why not take a holiday。=Why don't you take a holiday。为什么不休

英语常见动词不定式词组

常见动词不定式词组、句型用法总结 ★希望做某事hope to do sth. ★决定做某事decideto do sth. ★同意做某事agree todo sth、 ★需要某人做某事needto do sth。 ★使用某物做某事use sth to dosth ★迫不及待做某事can’t waitto do ★准备做某事get/beready to do ★尽力/努力做某事trytodo sth ★计划做某事plan to do sth。 ★不得不have to do ★轮流做某事take one’sturns to do st h。 ★拒绝做某事refuse to dosth。 ★告诉某人做某事tell sb. to do sth、

★请某人做某事ask sb、todosth。 ★期待某人做某事expectsb、to dost h. ★教某人做某事teach sb。todo sth ★想要某人做某事want /would like sb、to do sth、 ★同意某人做某事agree sb. to do sth。. ★喜欢/想要某人做某事like sb、to do st h。 ★帮助某人做某事helpsb。todo sth/help sb.do ★It’sone's turnto do sth、轮到某人做某事 ★It’s time(for sb。) to dosth。就是某人做某事时候了

★It's +adj. for/ofsb. todosth。对于某人来说做某事就是…… ★Ittakes sb。timeto do sth。某人做某事花了某时间 以下就是不带to得动词不定式(即动词原形)得常见用法 ★letsb、do sth让某人做某事★make do sth使得某人做某事 ★hear do sth do sth听见某人做某 事★seedo sth do sth瞧见某人做某事 ★why not 或why don’t you +动词原形?为什么不…。?(表示建议) ★某人+hadbetter( not)do 某人最好(不)做某事

英语不规则动词表(大全)

不规则动词表 动词原形过去式过去分词arise起来升起arose arisen awake唤起叫醒awoke/awaked awoken be 是was been bear出生(携带) bore born(borne) beat 跳动敲打连击beat beaten become变为成为became become begin 开始began begun befall落到…身上降临于befell befallen bend弄弯使弯曲bent bent bind捆绑捆扎bound bound bite咬bit bit,bitten bleed流血出血bled bled blend温和把…混为一体blended blent bless祈祷为…祝福blessed blest blow 吹blew blown break 打破broke broken breed 培养bred bred bring 带来brought brought

build 建筑built built burn 燃烧burnt/burned burnt/burned burst爆发burst burst buy 买bought bought can能could ____ cast 抛掷cast cast catch 捉抓caught caught choose 选择chose chosen cleave劈开,剁开,割开clove/cleft cloven/cleft cling 依俯clung clung clothe给…穿衣clothed/clad clothed/clad come 来came come cost 值花费cost cost creep 爬crept crept cut 割cut cut dare 敢dared/durst dared deal 分配对付dealt dealt dig 挖掘dug dug do 做did done draw 拉画drew drawn dream 梦dreamt/dreamed dreamt/dreamed drink 喝drank drunk

高中英语《英语动词不定式》

英语动词不定式 对于英语来说接不定式的单词多为“打算”“计划”“希望”“将要做某事”等表示未来的动词。同样与不定式表示不同的动词不定式表示正在进行,一般性或经常发生性的行为。 定义 (语态)动词和参与此动作的主语之间关系的一个术语。当主语是动作的发起者(或之一)时,称为主动语态; 如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者,不定式一般要用被动语态形式。如: It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.(不定式作主语是被动语态to be invited是被邀请) It was impossible for lost time to be made up.(不定式作主语) I wish to be sent to work in the country.(不定式作宾语) Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?(不定式作定语) He went to the hospital to be examined.(不定式作状语) My work is to clean the room every day.(不定式作表语) 在There be结构中,修饰主语的不定式可用被动,也可用主动。如:There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同,如:There is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.) 形式 1) 现在式:一般现在时表示的动词,有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。一般为:动词+ to do something He seems to know this. I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again.我希望再见到你。 2) 完成式:表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble.

英语动词不定式的用法

英语动词不定式的用法 老高川学校刘金平 英语中的动词不定式在考试中是比较常见的。不定式在句子中可做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补语。以下是动词不定时的用法解析。 1)动词不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。 【例如】 To complete the 30 storied building in one year was quite a difficult task. To do that implies taking responsibility. 当主语较长,谓语较短时,常用it做形式主语,而将不定式放到谓语的后面。 【例如】 It is important for modern young people to master at least two foreign languages. It做形式主语,不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中: a) It is+形容词(easy, important, difficult, foolish, inconvenient, unnecessary, right, wrong...)+( for/of sb.)+不定式 【例如】 It is essential to reserve a table in advance of Christmas Eve. It is hard to put my hopessintoswords. It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only. It is important for us young people to learn English and master it.

英语动词不定式有主动和被动两种形式

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初中英语动词不定式

趣味导入 1. (1) 句型1 表示“做……事情是……样的”。 It is difficult to learn French. It is cold to walk outside in winters. To Be or Not To Be?

当句子的表语是表示主观感情或态度的形容词,如 加一个由of引导的短语,来说明动作的执行者。 It is kind of you to help me with my homework. It is clever of you to get all the exercises correct. (3) 句型3 表示“某事花费某人……时间”。 It takes me over two hours to solve this problem. (4) be+ adj. (形容词) +to do sth. (eg. adj.-glad, pleasant, sorry) I am sorry to tell you that your application for the job has been declined. The nurse is glad to see so many patients recover from the illness. (5) to do 形式。 He is always the first to come and the last to go. What’s the next to do? She is the only girl to take part in the party. 练习: 1. It’s clever _______ you _______ so many toy ships. A. of; making B. of; to make C. for; to make D. for; making 2. It’s _______ for us _______ polite in class. A. interesting, to become B. good, to become C important, to be D. unnecessary, to be 3. ---Do you know Neil Armstrong? ---Yes, He is the first man ______ on the moon. A. walk B. walks C. to walk D. walked 4. As teenagers, we’re old enough ______ with housework.We can help set the table,wash the dishes and clean our own rooms. A. to help B. helping C. helped D. help 5. At times, parents find it difficult ________ with their teenage children. A. talk B. talked C. talking D. to talk 6. It takes me half an hour the piano every day. A. play B. playing C. to play D. plays 7. Many children are left alone in the countryside. Let’s try our best _______ them. A. help B. helping C. to help D. helps The policemen promised to find the guilty. Most students prefer to take part in sporting activities.

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