江苏等八省市2021届高三新高考统一适应性考试前江苏省天一中学模拟英语试题及答案
2021年江苏省天一中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案
2021年江苏省天一中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe following 4 famous paintings, from Jan van Eyck’s portrait to Pablo Picasso’s masterpiece, have stood the test of time.The Arnolfini PortraitJan van Eyck’s Arnolfini Portrait, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434, is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery,London. This painting is as visually interesting as it is famed. It is also an informative document on fifteenth-century society, through van Eyck’s heavy use of symbolism-while husbands went out to engage in business, wives concerned themselves with domestic duties.The Starry NightVincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night, oil on canvas, a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small hillside village, during his 12-month stay at the mental hospital nearSaint-Remy-de-Provence,Francebetween 1889 and 1890. When theMuseumofModern ArtinNew York Citypurchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of van Gogh's most famous works.The HarvestersThe Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565. It depicts the harvest time which most commonly occurred within the months of August and September. Nicolaes Jonghelinck, a merchant banker and art collector fromAntwerp, commissioned this painting. The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art inNew York Citysince 1919.GuernicaGuernica,a large black-and-white oil painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937. The title ‘Guernica’ refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War. The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result, has come to be an anti-war symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war. Today, the painting is housed at the Museo National Centro de Arte ReinaSofiainMadrid.1. What do the four paintings have in common?A. They are oil paintings.B. They are kept inNew York.C. They show different people’s lives.D. They are created during 10th century to 19th century.2. What do we know about The Starry Night?A. It shows the scenery of a small hillside village.B. Van Gogh produced it when living in his home.C. A private collector gave it away to the museum.D. It was not famous before 1941.3. Whose painting shows the destruction of war?A. Jan van Eyck.B. Vincent van Gogh.C. Pieter Bruegel.D. Pablo Picasso.BThis is a true story. Tristin Saghin enjoyed themovie “Black Hawk Down” very much, which is about the conflict inSomalia. The battle scenes and the exciting rescues of people who are dying interested him greatly.There was just one problem: Tristin was only 9 years old, and it was thought that movie was not for children. When his parents caught him watching it on TV, they made him turn it off, though he had finished his homework and it was not late. Then one day, Tristin and his family were visiting his grandmother inMesa,Arizona. Tristin’s 2-year-old sister got out of the house and fell in the backyard pool. Realizing the little girl was missing, the family ran outside, only to find the girl had fallen into the water.Pulled from the pool and placed on the ground, the child wasn’t breathing. The family called the ambulance, but no one knew how to do first aid. No one, that is, except for Tristin. A scene in “Black Hawk Down” describes a doctor giving first aid. Tristin remembered it. Then the 9-year-old gave first aid to his sister at once and saved her life.His parents don’t stop him seeing the movies he likes any more.Tristin taught himself how to do first aid but he had never thought he could use it to save his little sister’s life. Any skill can be used in time, so you should always learn.4. According to the text, Tristin Saghin ________.A. lived inMesa,ArizonaB. disliked studying very muchC. was always ready to help othersD. was nine years old5. Why did Tristin Saghin’s parents order him to turn off the TV?A. They wanted him to help look after his sister.B. He often spent too much time watching films.C. They thought the film was not good for children.D. He was asked to finish his homework first.6. How was Tristin’s sister saved?A. Tristin gave first aid to her.B. The ambulance arrived in time.C. A doctor passing by gave a hand.D. Her parents sent her to hospital at once.7. The author’s purpose in writing the text is to advise readers to ________.A. see more moviesB. learn more skillsC. save others bravelyD. do what they likeCDo you ever listen to the songs that your parents like? Chances are that you don’t. You probably think the music that they like is old and boring and that the songs on your playlist are muchcooler. But scientists found that people’s music taste changes as time goes by. So it is likely that your own musical preferences will follow a similar path to your parents’, whether you like it or not.We used to think that culture and personality (个性) are the only reasons for different music choices. But researchers at the University of Cambridge noticed that as people enter into different age groups, their social environment changes, and so does their music taste. There are some musical periods that people go through in their life.The first period comes in the teenage years, during which people like strong music such as punk and rock, because teenagers tend to be aggressive or want to be independent.But as people move into early adulthood, their lifestyles change they want to build close relationships with others. As a result, they become fonder of contemporary music, such as pop and R&.B, which is usually uplifting and danceable.When middle age comes, most people have settled down. During this period, people prefer music, such as jazz and classical, as well as music like country, folk and blues.As for old people, they prefer old songs in their childhoods. They generally listen to relaxing music, such as country music and jazz music. But you must be questioning. “Aren’t there old people who are still interested in or even crazy about rock music?” Of course there are. But their reasons for listening to rock music may have changed. At that age people may listen to remind themselves of their youth.8. What do young people usually think of the songs their parents enjoy?A. They are actually less cool.B. They are worth listening to.C. They are especially serious.D. They are hard to understand.9. How many musical periods are there that people go through in their life?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five.10. People who want to make friends mostly prefer ________.A. jazz musicB. country musicC. rock musicD. pop music11. What is the best title for the text?A. People Have Different Opinions on MusicB. People Listen to Music for the Same ReasonC. People’s Taste in Music Changes with TimeD. People’s Lifestyle Can Be Changed by MusicDKids often admire well-known celebrities, putting posters of their favorite musicians, movie stars and athletes on their bedroom walls. But rarely does a young person get to meet or talk to their idol. Yet for one young tennis player - Coco Gauff - her chance to do just that happened in an amazing way!Coco was born on March 13, 2004. At the age of 4, she developed an interest in tennis after watching Venus Williams win the Australian Open on TV. Coco began playing at 7 and showed a real talent for the sport. When young Coco turned 10, she began training at a tennis centre run by Venus's coach, Patrick Mouratoglou. He still remembers the first time he met Coco. He says, “She impressed me with her determination and fighting spirit. ” Convinced of her talent, Mouratoglou sponsored（资助）Coco to attend his academy in France. While she was preparing to go to the academy in 2019, she received a call that would change her plans and her life!Wimbledon（温布尔顿网球比赛）organizers called and offered Gauff entry to the tournament（联赛）as a wildcard（外卡选手）.This madeher one of the youngest players to ever qualify. Before she knew it she was on her way to London. After arriving, she received another surprise. For her Wimbledon debut（首次登场），she would be playing her lifelong hero, Venus Williams! The tennis legend is 24years older than Gauff.The world watched with amazement as young Gauff beat Venus in two straight sets! Afterwards, Gauff shook Venus's hand, thanked her and said, “I wouldn't be here if it wasn't for you. " After the match, Venus said of Gauff,“I think the sky is the limit；it really is. " Venus said, “I feel honored that I was on her wall [as a poster] at some point in her life. Soon she will be on other girls' walls. It's nice because it will keep going from the next generation to the next generation. "12. What can we learn about Coco from the text?A. She took up tennis as career at the age of 4.B. She went to academy at the age of 7.C. She had played against William before 10.D. She beat William at the age of 1513. Which of the following can best describe Coco?A. Talented and modest.B. Lucky and responsible.C. Proud and hard-working.D. Respectful and cheerful.14. What can we infer from Venus's words?A. Coco had reached her limits.B. Coco would rise to fame after the match.C. Coco's poster would be passed on.D. Coco had once visited her home.15. What can be a suitable title for the text ?A. Coco Gauff：Tennis's Next Superstar.B. Coco Gauff：A Poster on the Wall.C. What Posters Mean to a Young Girl.D. The Significance of Admiring an Idol.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
江苏省无锡市天一高级中学2020-2021学年高三英语模拟试题含解析
江苏省无锡市天一高级中学2020-2021学年高三英语模拟试题含解析一、选择题1. —I didn’t care about what other people thought about me.— Well, you ________.A. shouldB. couldC. would haveD.ought to have参考答案：D2. This restaurant wasn't that other restaurant we went to.A. half as good asB. as half good as C as good as half D. good as half as参考答案：A3. — Could I do this work later?— _____, I think this job needs to be done now.A. Frankly speakingB. No problemC. In other wordsD. In a word参考答案：A略4. 语音知识（共5小题每小题1分，满分5分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音完全相同的选项。
1.improve A.fond B.lose C.women D.motor2.unite A.policeman rm C.terrible D.tidy3.chemistry A.machine B.touch C.school D.kitchen4.reminded A.respected B.whispered C.filled D.practiced5.salt A.calm B.chalk C.half D.almost参考答案：1-5 BDCAD 5. The way the guests ___ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.A．treatedB．were treatedC．would treatD．would be treated参考答案：B考查时态和语态的用法。
2021届江苏省天一中学高三新高考统一适应性考试考前热身模拟英语试卷及答案
2021届江苏省天一中学高三新高考统一适应性考试考前热身模拟英语试卷★祝考试顺利★(含答案)本试卷满分150分考试时间120分钟第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)请听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一个小题,每段对话读一遍。
1. How does the woman's father go to work?A. By bus.B. By subway.C. On foot.2. Where does the man probably stop the car?A. At a parking lot.B. At a gas station.C. On the way.3. What's the weather normally like in Chicago?A. Cold. B Warm. C. Rainy.4. What does the man think about the boating race?A. Disappointing.B. Competitive.C. Meaningful.5. What does the man want to do now?A. Return a ticket.B. Deal with an emergency.C. Catch a train.第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分,满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6. What can we know about the man's daughter?A. She likes reading books.B. She likes playing games.C. She likes wearing good clothes.7. What is the man's attitude to the development of kids?A. Respecting their natural growth.B. Letting them do whatever their parents like.C. Learning as much as possible at the early age.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
2020-2021学年江苏省天一中学高三英语模拟试题及答案解析
2020-2021学年江苏省天一中学高三英语模拟试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt was a weeknight and one of my twin daughters marched into the room, waving a book she'd finished. “Dad, why are books with science in them always about boys?” she asked.I told her that simply wasn't true; there were loads of great science fictions with girls in them. She agreed, but argued that in those stories it was the boys who were doing science, and the girls were justalong for the ride. My other daughter took her sister's side and challenged me to give an example.This left me in a difficult position. I could either go through our library to point out some wonderful examples of female-led science fictions, or just admit they were right and remain in my comfortable chair.I've been asked several times how I came up with the idea forA Problematic Paradoxand my answer is always the same: it came to me in a moment of inspiration. I like that answer because it's simple and makes me seem very creative. The fact that this explanation is not true bothers me from time to time. Here's the truth: the story wasn't my idea. It was my daughters who suggested I write something for them that had a girl doing science.My daughters were at an age when many young women turn away from STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math), believing those areas of study unfriendly or out-of-the-norm for girls. I also read about how important role models can be to young people. It's one thing to tell a person they can do something, but seeing someone like them doing that thing can be more powerful.So, I kept two guidelines for the book in mind: First, the story had to be fun for anyone, because it's as important for boys to understand that science is for everyone. Second, I wanted the main character, Nikola, to be imperfect. She should be someone with shortcomings as we all have. I think this not only makes a story more interesting to read, but also helps make it clear that the most extraordinary things can be done by ordinary people.1. What does the underlined phrase “along for the ride” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Entering a bike race.B. Offering vital help.C. Doing unimportant things.D. Playing the leading role.2. What do we know about the bookA Problematic Paradox1?A. Its main character is perfect.B. It is a female-led science fiction.C. It is intended to appeal to girls only.D. Its idea comes from the author's inspiration.3. Which of the following best describes the author's book?A. Serious and abstract.B. Simple and practical.C. Creative and well-organized.D. Inspiring and interesting.BIt all happened one afternoon in Carl's backyard a few years ago. We had just finished playing stickball, and I was about to go home.“Wait a minute,” Carl yelled. He ran into his house and cameback with a book for me to take home and read. All he said was, “See if you like it.”I said ly nothing. I kept the book for a couple of weeks and then returned it unread. Carl never asked me if I liked it or not. During the following two years Carl lent me three more books. Each time I returned them unread.A few days after graduating from high school, Carl asked, “Benny, which college are you going to?”“I'm not going to college.” I said.“Why not?” he asked.“Because my father can't afford the tuition (学费).” I answered.“Is that it?” Carl asked. “Yes,” I said.I lied. I had no intention of going back to school now that I was out. The following day, Carl knocked on my door and handed me a check for seventy-five dollars from his father along with the bookMartin Eden.“I think that should do it.” he said.Once again I was in shock. I was working full-time in my brother's bakery. I attended two classes atWayneUniversitypart-time at night. Halfway through the semester, after receiving failing grades on exams and essays, I decided there was no way I would ever become a good student and get satisfactory grades. I dropped out of college.One day, curious, I picked up the book, thinking Carl was trying to tell me something. Despite difficulty, I pressed on. By the time I finished the book, I understood why: the main character, Martin Eden, had my own poor educational background, but managed to educate himself and become a published author.4. What do we know about the author?A. He often told lies.B. He quit school unwillingly.C. He had thought little of education before.D. He became a published author.5. What kind of person is Carl?A. Caring.B. Emotional.C. Stubborn.D. Cautious.6. What message does Carl want to convey?A. Reading makes a rich man.B. Reading is the journey of the soul.C. Reading makes a person better known.D.Readingopens up new opportunities.7. What is the best title for the text?A. A strong desire for collegeB. A wish for better educationC. A wise friendD. A wise bookCMany of us in China enjoy adding chilies (辣椒) toour food, but did you know that this spicy vegetable could also be dangerous? A 34-year-oldUSman recently ended up in hospital after eating a Carolina Reaper—the spiciest chili in the world. After taking just a single bite of one, the man suffered from serious headaches in the following few days, reported BBC News.In fact, reports of stomachache and headache caused by eating spicy food are not something unusual. But if chilies are harmful, why is it that human beings are the only animals to eat this vegetable? According to the website Huanqiu, about 600 million Chinese people—almost half of the national population—are chili eaters. So what makes people love chilies so much? The human body reacts to the burning feeling that comes from eating chilies by releasing natural chemicals that “produce a sense of happiness” , noted BBC News.And the benefits go even further than just personal enjoyment. A survey conducted by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences found that the death rate of those who eat spicy food once or twice a week is 10 percent lower than those who eat it less than once a week. The number decreased to 14 percent for those who eat spicy food six to seven times a week. And another study done by theUniversityofVermontcame to a similar conclusion. “The data encourages people to eat more spicy food to improve health and reduce death risk at an early age,” Liu Qi, a nutritionist at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, told BBC News.Chilies have anti-cancer quality and the ability to increase our metabolism (新陈代谢). So, don't worry if you love spicy food. It seems that chilies are actually good for us—except for the Carolina Reaper, perhaps.8. The example of a 34-year-old American is mentioned in Paragraph 1 to prove ________.A. chiliescan be beneficialB. chilies are popular inAmericaC. chilies can be dangerousD. serious headaches can be dangerous9. Eating chilies gives people a sense of happiness by_______.A. decreasing death rateB. releasing natural chemicalsC. curing serious headachesD. providing enough nutrition10. Which of the following statement is TRUE?A. Human are the only animals to eat chilies.B. Stomachache and headaches caused by chilies is something unusual.C. The more chilies you eat, the healthier you are.D. Chilies have anti-cancer quality but it can't increase our metabolism.11. The writer wrote the passage to ________.A. warn people of the dangers of chiliesB. ask people to eat Carolina ReaperC. encourage people to eat more chiliesD. tell people the benefits of chiliesDJapan has announced emergency Covid measures in Tokyo and three other areas in order to control rising infections (传染病), just three months before the country is set to host the Olympics. The government said the state of emergency — set to last for about two weeks— would be “short and powerful”. Under the measures, bars will be required to close and big sporting events will be held without audience. The government has insisted that the Olympics will go ahead in July.Prime minister Yoshihide Suga announced the measures on Friday, saying they would begin on Sunday and remain in place until 11 May. In addition to to Tokyo, Osaka, Kyoto and Hyogo will be affected. It has marked the third state of emergency in japan since the pandemic began. “I sincerely apologize for causing trouble for many people again,” he said. “It is feared that infection in major cities will spread across the whole country if we take no measures.”Under the rules, major facilities like department stores will close, as well as restaurants, bars, and KTV rooms serving alcohol. Restaurants that do not serve alcohol are being told to close early, and companies are being asked to make arrangements for people to work remotely. Schools will remain open. Besides, the emergency measurescoincide withthe country’s “Golden Week” holiday, which runs from late April to the first week of May and is the busiest travel period of the year. Tokyo governor Yuriko Koike urged residents to start taking precautions immediately. In an effort to discourage people from going out at night. She said neon signs (霓虹灯) would beturned off.The coronavirus toll in Japan has been much lower than that in many other countries, with about 558,000 cases and fewer than 10,000 deaths, according to figures collected by Johns Hopkins University. But there are concerns over the latest rise in infections, with reports of hospital bed shortages in some areas.Tokyo 2020 president Seiko Hashimoto said at a news conference on Friday that organizers were not considering canceling the event. “I hope the coronavirus situation improves with the prevention measures the government, Tokyo, and other regional governments have put into place,” she said. “We, as Tokyo 2020, continue to wish for the swift return to normal and will continue to work closely to make sure a safe and secure Olympics can happen.”12. According to the passage, what does Japanese government advise people to do?A. To watch a live game.B. To work at home.C. To hang out in the evening.D. To study at home.13. What is the aim of bringing in emergency Covid measures?A. To relieve people's fear of the the pandemic.B. To settle the problem of hospital bed shortages.C. To test government’s management of emergency.D. To ensure the smooth running of the upcoming Olympics.14. Which words can best describe the government’s action?A. generous and brilliant.B. costly but useless.C. positive and considerate.D. accidental but efficient.15. What does the underlined phrase “coincide with” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. meet withB. deal withC. make upD. set up第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
江苏省2021届高三最新英语试卷精选汇编：七选五专题
七选五专题江苏省天一中学2021届高三新高考统一适应性考前模拟试题第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished(完成)in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals. 36 Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent?37 They focused on football, basketball and baseball. The results are mixed. For football and basketball, adding talented players to a team proves a good method, but only up to the poin t where 70% of the players are top talent; above that level, the team’s performance begins to decline. Interestingly, this trend isn’t evident in baseball, where additional individual talent keeps improving the team’s performance.To explain this phenomenon, the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(协调)their actions. 38 In baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high, team performance will suffer when there is too much talent, while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is, for example, trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate, affecting the team’s performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told, “There is no I in TEAM.” 39Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team, some players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war(拔河比赛), whenever a person is added, everyone else pulls the rope with less force.40 . An A-team may require a balance—not just A players, but a few generous B players as well.A. It’s not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.B. Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talentC. The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers’ attention.D. Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.E. Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.7选5阅读答案：36-40 BEGDF本篇七选五讨论如何将团队的作用最大化，并根据研究得出一个好的团队不是简单的人才累加。
新高考江苏省2021届高三英语模拟测试题一含解析
5. What is the woman going to do?
A. Throw a party. B. Do the cleaning. C. Get some sleep.
第二节(共15小题；每一小题分, 总分为分)
听下面5段对话或独白, 每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最优选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每一小题5秒钟；听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
£12.99 Hardback 384pp Fourth Estate
ISBN 1857025210
1. What is Animal Hospital?
A. A news story.B. A popular book.
C. A research report.D. A TV program.
2. In Michael White’s book, Newton is described as .
C. To leaቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱn English happily.
第二局部 阅读理解(共两节, 总分为50分)
第一节(共15小题；每一小题分, 总分为分)
阅读如下短文, 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选出最优选项。
A
Tales From Animal Hospital David Grant
David Grant has bee a familiar face to millions of fans of Animal Hospital. Here Dr Grant tells us the very best of his personal stories about the animals he has treated, including familiar patients such as the dogs Snowy and Duchess, the delightful cat Marigold Serendipity Diamond. He also takes the reader behind the scenes at Harmsworth Memorial Animal Hospital as he describes his day, from ordinary medical check-ups to surgery. Tales From Animal Hospital will delight all fans of the program and anyone who has a lively interest in their pet, whether it be cat, dog or snake!
2021年江苏省天一中学高三英语三模试题及答案解析
2021年江苏省天一中学高三英语三模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt’s the time of year when we start hiking. As you pack, remember to bring your smartphone. Whether you’re going on a short walk or a long trip, there are a handful of apps that can help.MapMyHikeThis app tracks where you're hiking so you have a mapof your route at the end of the hike. It can also track other fitness information like the distance traveled, speed, pace, and even calories burned. You can save the data for your hike, so you can always access the route you look as well as track improvements to your workout. GaiaGPSYou don't always have cellphone service when hiking, but you always want to know where you are. The GaiaGPS app provides that information. Download maps of different parts of the world, and access the GaiaGPS app in the middle of even the most remote trails. The GPS function makes using the maps simple, and the app will also point to areas of interest.Backpacking ChecklistOne of the worst things is being way out on a trail only to discover you left behind something important. That's why checklists are the best. This checklist app helps you build a customized(定制的) list of things to take with you. Organize different lists based on trail lengths or requirements. Track all your essential items by weight and where you can find them.WildObsUsing WildObs, you can record your observations of plants and animals and add them to the database. You can ask the community to help you identify something and keep track of everything you've met, and most importantly, you can become a citizen scientist. By recording what you've seen with this app, you're helping scientists keep track of what's happening to the natural world.1. What can you do with MapMyHike?A. Record your walking speed.B. Design a suitable hiking route.C. Locate popular tourist attractions.D. Store the data of your daily activities.2. What is WildObs intended to do?A. To provide survival skills.B. To lead the way.C. To identify wildlife.D. To help make preparations.3. Which app is most useful before hiking?A. GaiaGPS.B. MapMyHike.C. WildObs.D. Backpacking Checklist.BIn a study published in Nature Machine Intelligence, researchers at Ohio State University show how artificial intelligence（AI）can follow clinical trials to identify drugs for repurposing, a solution that can help advance innovative treatments.Repurposing drugs is legal and not unusual. When doctors prescribe(开处方)drugs that have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration(FDA)for purposes different from what is printed on the labels, the drugs are being used “off-label” Just because a drug is FDA-approved for a specific type of disease does not prevent it from having possible benefits for other purposes.For example, Metformin, a drug that is FDA-approved for treating type 2 diabetes, is also used to treat PCOS(a disease of women), and other diseases. Trazodone, an anti-depressant with FDA-approval to treat depression, is also prescribed by doctors to help treat patients with sleep issues.The Ohio State University research team created an AI deep learning model for predicting treatment probability with patient data including the treatment, outcomes, and potential confounders(干扰因素).Confounders are related to the exposure and outcome. For example, a connection is identified between music festivals and increases in skin rashes(红疹). Music festivals do not directly cause skin rashes. In this case, one possible confounding factor between the two may be outdoor heat, as music festivals tend to run outdoors when the temperature is high, and heat is a known cause for rashes. When working with real-world data, confounders could number in the thousands. AI deep learning is well-suited to find patterns in the complexity of potentially thousands of confounders.The researcher team used confounders including population data and co-prescribed drugs. With this proof-of-concept, now clinicians have a powerful AI tool to rapidly discover new treatments by repurposing existing medications.4. What do we know about a drug used off-label?A. It is sold without a label.B. It is available at a low price.C. Its uses extend beyond the original ones.D. Its clinical trials are rejected by doctors.5. Metformin and Trazodone are similar as both of them________.A. are used off-labelB. treat rare diseasesC. result in sleep issuesD. are medical breakthroughs6. What can be inferred about “confounders”?A. They are possible treatments.B. They are environmental factors.C. They can be easily recognized in real-world data.D. They should be taken into serious consideration.7. What is the main idea of the text?A. AI examines benefits of existing drugs.B. AI identifies off-label uses for drugs.C. AI finds new drugs for common diseases.D. AI proves the power of drug research.CConcerns about health, animals and the environment are leading more people to remove meat from their diet. Plant-based meat alternatives (替代品) increasingly appear in supermarkets and restaurants. But what some people call clean meat-meat grown from cells in a laboratory—is still an idea that is just beginning.More than 24 companies are testing lab-grown fish, beef and chicken. These businesses hope to enter the alternative meat market, which could be worth $140 billion by 2029. One of the companies, Shiok Meats, grows its product by taking shrimp cells and keeping them at a fixed temperature. They are then given nutrients in a solution (溶液). The cells become meat in four to six weeks.This lab-grown meat’s price is high. One kilogram of it now costs $5,000, said Shiok Meats’ chief executive Sandhya Sriram. At that cost, a single pork and shrimp dumpling could be as much as $300. Sriram, avegetarian, hopes to cut the cost to $50 for one kilogram by the end of this year. “We are looking at next year, so we might be the first ever company to launch a cell-based meat product in the world,” Sriram said. “Shiok Meats still needs approval from the city’s food regulator, and that matters the most at present.”Although people increasingly demand meat alternatives, cell-based meat companies still faceresistance(抵制) to their products. In Singapore, some people said they would give lab grown meat a second thought. “I may not exactly dare to eat it, but I do find the idea appealing because the animals in the oceans are declining,” said 60-year-old Pet Loh, while sheshopped for shrimps in a Singapore market.Any alternative way of making animal protein without harming the environment is positive, said Paul Teng, a specialist in agriculture technology at Nanyang Technological University. But, he added, more studies are needed to understand any negative result of making cellular protein.8. Why are more people eating less meat?A. Because lab-grown meat has more nutrition.B. Because plant-based food is getting popular.C. Because meat in the market is increasingly expensive.D. Because health and the environment are their concerns.9. What is the most important for Shiok Meats at present according to Sriram?A. Bringing down the price.B. Gaining consumers’ acceptance.C. Obtaining official permission.D. Getting ahead of other companies.10. Which word best describes Pet Loh’s attitude towards lab-grown meat?A. Doubtful.B. Uncaring.C. Negative.D. Positive.11. What is the text mainly about?A. A new way to make a fortune.B. Negative results of lab-grown meat.C. New research findings on healthy diet.D. A meat alternative grown in labs.DSalad plants have already been grown in old sheltersand tunnels. Urban farming is a regular topic of interest at places like the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos, where leaders consider whether the world's food system, blamed for causing both obesity and malnutrition, can be fixed. There are already plenty of urban farming projects around the world, particularly in the US, Japan and the Netherlands, from urban fish and plant farms to vertical farming.“It's becoming an expanding industry,” said Richard Ballard, one of the founders of the farm Growing Underground. “There're several other businesses starting up in London in containers, and there are other vertical farms around the country now.”Growing Underground is not a standard farm. The rows of crops could be in almost any tunnel, but these plants are 100 feet below Clapham High Street and show that urban agriculture is, in some cases at least, nota fad. The underground farm has occupied a part of the Second World War air-raid shelters for nearly five years, and Ballard is planning to expand into the rest of the space later this year.Growing Underground supplies herb and salad mixes to grocery shops, supermarkets and restaurants. Being in London creates an advantage, Ballard says, as they can harvest and deliver in an hour.He adds other advantages. Being underground means temperatures never go below 15℃surface greenhouses need to be heated. They can do more harvests: 60 crops a year, compared with about seven in a traditional farm. Electricity to power the lights is a major cost, but the company believes renewable energy will become cheaper.Similar British companies include the Jones Food Company in Lincolnshire, while in the US AeroFarms has several projects in New Jersey, and Edenworks in Brooklyn.12. What do we know about urban farming?A. It leads to a healthier lifestyle.B. It is rarely discussed at the WEF.C. Different farming methods are used.D. Local governments pay efforts to develop it.13. Which of the following best explains "a fad" underlined in Paragraph 3?A. A dream that's easy to realize.B. A field controlled for a long time.C. An approach to a serious problem.D. A fashion that’s popular for a short time.14. What can we learn about the underground farm?A. It is more productive than a traditional farm.B. It provides food directly to the customers.C. Its major products are herbs and salads.D. It uses less energy than a greenhouse.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Current food system causes health problemsB. Growing Underground attracts more peopleC. Traditional farming will be replaced soonD. Urban farming isstill thought costly and time-consuming第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2021届高三新高考统一适应性考试八省联考江苏天一中学考前热身模拟试题(一)解析版
2021届高三新高考统一适应性考试 江苏省天一中学考前热身模拟试题数学试题一､选择题：本题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.1．(本题5分)已知集合{15}A x x =-<<，{}0B x x =≥，则A B =（ ）A ．{5}x x <B ．{05}x x <<C ．{05}x x ≤<D ．{1}x x >-【答案】C【解析】由已知得{05}AB x x =≤<，故选C2．(本题5分)已知复数134z i=+，则下列说法正确的是（ ） A ．复数z 的实部为3B ．复数z 的虚部为425i C ．复数z 的共轭复数为342525i + D ．复数的模为1【答案】C【解析】由已知得342525z i =-，z 的实部为325，虚部为425-，共轭复数为342525i +，模为不为模为15，故选C3．(本题5分)将函数()sin(2)(0)f x x ϕϕπ=+<<的图象向右平移4π个单位长度后得到函数江苏、福建、广东、河北 辽宁、湖北、湖南、重庆π()sin(2)6g x x =+的图象，则函数()f x 的一个单调减区间可以为（ ）A ．π5π[,]1212-B ．π5π[,]66-C ．π5π[,]36-D ．π2π[,]63【答案】A【解析】由已知得()sin(2)(0)f x x ϕϕπ=+<<向右平移4π个单位长度得到()sin(2)2g x x πϕ=+-，所以2=+2=2263k k πππϕπϕπ-+，(0)ϕπ<<，∴2=3πϕ，()sin(232)f x x π=+，()f x 的单调减区间是123222322k k x πππππ≤++≤+，即151212x k k ππππ-≤≤+，A 选项符合题意4．(本题5分)设()(3lg f x x x =+，则对任意实数a b 、，“0a b +≥”是“()()0f a f b +≥”的（ ）条件 A ．充分不必要 B ．必要不充分C ．充要D ．既不充分也不必要【答案】C【解析】由已知得()f x 为奇函数，0a b +≥，a b ≥-，()()f a f b ≥-，即()()0f a f b +≥，故选C 5．(本题5分)《算法统宗》全称《新编直指算法统宗》，是屮国古代数学名著，程大位著.书中有如下问题：“今有五人均银四十两，甲得十两四钱，戊得五两六钱.问：次第均之，乙丙丁各该若干？”意思是：有5人分40两银子，甲分10两4钱，戊分5两6钱，且相邻两项差相等，则乙丙丁各分几两几钱？（注：1两等于10钱）（ ）A ．乙分8两，丙分8两，丁分8两B ．乙分8两2钱，丙分8两，丁分7两8钱C ．乙分9两2钱，丙分8两，丁分6两8钱D ．乙分9两，丙分8两，丁分7两 【答案】C【解析】由已知得五人共有40两银子，甲分10两4钱，戊分5两6钱，则中间一项丙分8两，乙与丁共有16两，乙与丁分钱和恰为丙的2倍，则丁分6两8钱，丙分8两，乙分9两2钱，故选C6．(本题5分)函数2()x x f x e e-=+的图像大致为（ ）A ．B ．C ．D ．【答案】C【解析】由解析式可知得(()f x f x -=-为奇函数，且定义域为[]3,3-，0x >，则中()0f x >恒成立，故选C7．(本题5分)已知点P 为函数()ln f x x =的图象上任意一点，点Q 为圆2211x e y e ⎡⎤⎛⎫-++= ⎪⎢⎥⎝⎭⎣⎦上任意一点，则线段PQ 的长度的最小值为（ ）A．e e- B．e e- C．e e- D ．11e e+- 【答案】A【解析】依题意，圆心为1(,0)C e e+，设P 点的坐标为(,ln )x x ，由两点间距离公式得()22222211||ln 21+ln PC x x x e x e e e e e x ⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=-+=-++ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎢⎥⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭+⎣⎦+,21()2+f x x e x e ⎛⎫=-+ ⎪⎝⎭22+ln 1x e e ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭+，12ln ln ()22+2()x e x x f x x e x e e x ex -⎛⎫'=-+=-+ ⎪⎝⎭，()0,f x x e '==，2ln ln 1ln =e x x x x ex x x ''--⎛⎫⎛⎫= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，可知当()ln 0,,x x e x ∈递增，()ln ,,x x e x ∈+∞递减，故当=x e 时取得极大值也是最大值为0，ln 10x x e-≤，当()0,,x e ∈()0f x '≤，当(),,x e ∈+∞()0f x '≥，()0,f x x e '== ()0,,x e ∈()f x 单调递减，(),,x e ∈+∞()f x 单调递增，∴2min21()()e f x f e e+==，线段PQ 的长度的最A．B．C．D．【答案】B【解析】[],1,1a b∈-，且0a b+≠时，()(()())0a b f a f b++>成立，则()f x为单调增函数(令12,,a xb x==-则[]12,1,1x x∈-，1212()(()())0x x f x f x-->，)，若()221f x m tm<-+对任意的[]1,1t∈-恒成立，则()2max21f x m tm<-+，即()2121f m tm<-+，即[]1,1t∀∈-都有220m tm->，令2()20g t m tm=->，则min()0g t>，∴(1)0(1)0gg>⎧⎨->⎩，∴(,2)(2,)m∈-∞-+∞，故选B二､多选题：本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，有多项符合题目要求，全部选对的得5分，有选错的得0分，部分选对的得3分.9．(本题5分)在61xx⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭的展开式中，下列说法正确的有（）A．所有项的二项式系数和为64B．所有项的系数和为0C．常数项为20D．二项式系数最大的项为第4项【答案】ABD【解析】所有项的二项式系数和0123456666666662=64C C C C C C C ++++++=,令=1x ，即可得到所有项的系数和为60=0，含有常数项为()3336120C x x ⎛⎫-=- ⎪⎝⎭,01234566666666,,,,,,C C C C C C C 中最大的项为36C ，第4项，，故选ABD10．(本题5分)已知函数()sin()0,||2f x x πωϕωϕ⎛⎫=+><⎪⎝⎭在区间2,23ππ⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦上至少存在两个不同的12,x x 满足()()121f x f x =，且()f x 在区间,312ππ⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦上具有单调性，点,06π⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭和直线712x π=分别为()f x 图象的一个对称中心和一条对称轴，则下列命题中正确的是（ ） A ．()f x 在区间,62ππ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭上的单调性无法判断 B ．()f x 图象的一个对称中心为59,06π⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭C ．()f x 在区间,44ππ⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦上的最大值与最小值的和为12D ．将()f x 图象上所有点的横坐标伸长为原来的2倍(纵坐标不变)，再向左平移6π个单位得到()y g x =的图象，则()cos g x x =- 【答案】BC【解析】由题意可知，7+0,+,6122k k Z ωππωπϕϕπ-==+∈，即41()32k ω=+，6πωϕ= 252212312T ππππω⎛⎫=≥--= ⎪⎝⎭，则=1k ，此时23πωϕ==，，()sin(2)3f x x π=+，∴26x ππ<< ∴242333x πππ<+<，∴()f x 在区间,62ππ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭上单调递减，故A 错误，由592+3=206πππ⨯，∴59,06π⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭为()f x 图象的一个对称中心，故B 正确，∴,44x ππ⎡⎤∈-⎢⎥⎣⎦，52,366x πππ⎡⎤+∈-⎢⎥⎣⎦，min ()=()=4f x f π- 1sin()62π-=-，max ()=()=sin =1122f x f ππ，∴最大值与最小值的和为12，故C 正确，将()f x 图象上所有点的横坐标伸长为原来的2倍(纵坐标不变)，到sin()3y x π=+的图象，再向左平移6π个单位，得到sin()=sin()=cos y x x x πππ=+++，即()cos g x x =故D 错误，BC 正确11．(本题5分)下列结论正确的是（ ）A ．若ν是直线l 方向向量，l ⊥平面α，则()R λνλ∈是平面α的一个法向量；B ．坐标平面内过点00(,)P x y 的直线可以写成2200()()0(0)A x x B y y A B -+-=+≠；C ．直线l 过点(2,3)-，且原点到l 的距离是2，则l 的方程是512260x y +-=；D ．设二次函数(2019)(2020)y x x =-+的图象与坐标轴有三个交点，则过这三个点的圆与坐标轴的另一个交点的坐标为(0,1). 【答案】BD【解析】A 、ν是直线l 方向向量，l ⊥平面α，则ν是平面α的一个法向量；但=0λ时，()R λνλ∈为零向量，不是平面α的一个法向量B 、过点00(,)P x y 的直线方程为22+0(0)Ax By C A B +=+≠可得00+0Ax By C +=，即00C Ax By =--，代入直线方程得2200()()0(0)A x x B y y A B -+-=+≠，故B 正确；C 、直线l 方程为过点3(2)y k x -=+，原点到l 的距离是2，则32k d ，解得5=12k ±的方程是512260x y +-=，故C 不正确D 、设二次函数(2019)(2020)y x x =-+的图象与坐标轴有三个交点分别为(2019,0)(2020,0)-、、 (0,4078380)，由相交弦定理得：20192020=20192020a ⨯⨯⨯，解得：=1a ，故另一个交点坐标为(0,1)，故D 正确12．(本题5分)已知数列{}n a ，{}n b 均为递增数列，{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，{}n b 的前n 项和为n T .且满足12n n a a n ++=，12(N)nn n b b n +⋅=∈，则下列说法正确的有( )A ．101a << B ．11b <<C ．22n n S T <D ．22n n S T ≥【答案】ABC【解析】解：∴数列{}n a 为递增数列，∴123a a a <<，又∴12n n a a n ++=，∴122324a a a a +=⎧⎨+=⎩，∴12123212244a a a a a a a +>⎧⎨+>=-⎩，∴101a <<，故A 正确. ∴()()()22123421226102(21)2n n n S a a a a a a n n -=++++⋅⋅⋅++=+++⋅⋅⋅+-=又∴{}n b 均为递增数列，∴123b b b <<，∴12(N)nn n b b n +⋅=∈∴122324b b b b =⎧⎨=⎩，∴2132b b b b >⎧⎨>⎩∴11b <，故B 正确.又∴()()12212213521242(21)(21)+2121n nn n n n b b T b b b b b b b b b b ---=++⋅⋅⋅+=+++⋅⋅⋅+++⋅⋅⋅+=+=--()()))12212121nnnb b +-≥--，∴对于任意的*n N ∈，22n n S T <，故C 正确，D 错误.三、填空题（本题共4小题，每小题5分，其中第16题分值分配为前3分、后2分，满分共20分） 13．(本题5分)下列命题：∴2:,10p x R x x ∀∈++≥；∴000:,sin cos 2q x R x x ∃∈+=；∴():0,1x r x e x ∀∈-∞>+，；∴:s 若0ab ≠，则0a ≠的否命题，其中正确的结论是______．(填写所有正确的序号) 【答案】∴∴【解析】∴2=14010x x ∆-<++≥，为真命题，∴sin cos +4x x x π⎛⎫+=≤ ⎪⎝⎭不存在0x R ∈，使得00sin cos 2x x +=，为假命题，∴()1),()(1x x g x e x g x e '=+=--，当()0,()0x g x '∈-∞<，，()g x 单调递减，()(0)0g x g >=，即1x e x >+为真命题，∴若0ab ≠，则0a ≠的否命题是若=0ab ，则=0a 为假命题14．(本题5分)()623a b c +-的展开式中23ab c 的系数为______. 【答案】-6480【解析】有关23ab c 的项为()()()()23231232323236532360236480C a C b C c ab c ab c ab c⋅⋅-=⋅⋅-=- 15．(本题5分)如图，在四棱锥P ABCD -中，PA ⊥平面ABCD ，底面ABCD 是直角梯形，//AB CD ，AB ⊥AD，2CD AD ===，3PA =，若动点Q 在PAD △内及边上运动，使得CQD BQA ∠=∠，则三棱锥Q ABC -的体积最大值为______.【答案】22【分析】根据题意推出AB QA ⊥，CD QD ⊥，再根据CQD BQA ∠=∠推出2QD AQ =，在平面PDA 内，建立直角坐标系求出Q 点轨迹是圆22(3)8x y -+=在三角形PDA 的边上或内的弧，从而可求出点Q到DA 的距离最大为2，即三棱锥Q ABC -的高的最大值为2，再根据三棱锥的体积公式可求得结果. 【解析】因为PA ⊥平面ABCD ，所以平面PAD ⊥平面ABCD ，因为//AB CD ，AB ⊥AD ，所以AB ⊥平面PAD ，CD ⊥平面PAD ，因为Q 在PAD △内及边上，所以AB QA ⊥，CD QD ⊥，所以tan CD CQD DQ ∠=，tan ABBQA QA=，因为CQD BQA ∠=∠，所以CD ABDQ QA=，因为2,2CD AB ==， 所以2QD AQ =，在平面PDA 内，以DA 的中点为原点，线段DA 的垂直平分线为y 轴，建立平面直角坐标系：则(1,0)D -，(1,0)A ，(1,3)P ，设(,)P x y ，则22||(1)DQ x y =++，22||(1)QA x y =-+，由2QD AQ =得2222(1)2(1)x y x y ++=⋅-+，化简得22(3)8x y -+=，所以Q 点轨迹是圆22(3)8x y -+=在三角形PDA 的边上或内的弧，如图所以，当Q 为圆22(3)8x y -+=与PA 在x 轴上方的交点时，点Q 到DA 的距离最大，令1x =，解得2y =±，所以点Q到DA 的距离最大为2，也就是三棱锥Q ABC -的高的最大值为2，因为12222ABC S =⨯⨯=△，所以三棱锥Q ABC -的体积最大值为1222233⨯⨯=.故答案为：223.16．(本题5分)对于正整数n ，设n x 是关于x 的方程2121log 3n n x n n x +-=+的实数根.记12n n a x ⎡⎤=⎢⎥⎣⎦，其中[]x 表示不超过x 的最大整数，则1a =____________；设数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S=___. 【分析】（1）当1n =时，化简方程，通过构造函数的方法，找到函数零点的范围，进而求出结果. （2）令12=n nt x ，化简方程，通过构造函数的方法，找到零点的范围，即n t 得范围，分类讨论n 为奇数和偶数时n a ，求得结果. 【答案】0 1010【解析】（1）当1n =时，221log 4-=x x ，设221()log 4=--f x x x 单调递减，1()1>02=f ，(1)30f =-<，所以1112<<x ，111122<<x ，111[]02==a x （2）令12=n nt x ，则方程化为：22+1(2)log 23+=+n n n t n t n n ， 令22+1()(2)log 23=+--n f x x n x n n ，则()f x 在(0,)+∞单调递增，+1()log 302=-<n n f n n n ；+1()1>02=n f ，由零点存在定理可得：1(,)22+∃∈n n x ，()0f x =， 当21()n k k +=-∈N ，21(,)2-∈n k t k ，[]1==-n n a t k 当2()n k k +=∈N ，21()2，+∈n k t k ，[]==n n a t k 所以当101010102202011(1)1010===-+=∑∑k k S k k ，1010=【点睛】关键点点睛：在平面PDA 内，建立直角坐标系求出Q 点轨迹是圆22(3)8x y -+=在三角形PDA的边上或内的弧，从而可求出点Q 到DA 的距离最大为2，即三棱锥Q ABC -的高的最大值为2，这是本题解题的关键，属于难题.四、解答题：本题共6小题，共70分．解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤. 17．(本题10分)在ABC 中，3A π=，b =∴、条件∴这两个条件中选择一个作为已知，求（∴）B 的大小；（∴）ABC 的面积 .条件∴：222b a c =+； 条件∴：cos sin a B b A =. 注：如果选择条件∴和条件∴分别解答，按第一个解答计分. 【答案】（∴）4B π=（∴【分析】若选择条件∴：222b a c +=+. （∴）根据余弦定理求出4B π=；（∴）根据正弦定理求出a =sin C ，再根据面积公式可得结果.若选择条件∴：cos sin a B b A = （∴）根据正弦定理可求出4B π=；（∴）根据正弦定理求出a =sin C ，再根据面积公式可得结果.【解析】若选择条件∴：222b a c +=+.（∴）因为222b ac =+，由余弦定理222cos 22a cb B ac +-==，因为()0,B π∈，所以4B π=. （∴）由正弦定理sin sin a bA B=，得sin sin 2b A a B ===又因为()sin sin sin cos cos sin C A B A B A B =+=+12222=+⨯4=，所以11sin 22ABC S ab C ===△. 若选择条件∴：cos sin a B b A=.（∴）由正弦定理sin sin a bA B=，得sin sin a B b A =.又因为cos sin a B b A =，所以sin cos B B =，又因为()0,B π∈，所以4B π=.（∴）由正弦定理sin sin a bA B=，得sin sin b A a B ===又因为()sin sin sin cos cos sin C A B A B A B =+=+1222=+⨯=，所以113sin 2244ABC S ab C ===△. 【点睛】本题考查了正弦定理，考查了余弦定理，考查了三角形的面积公式，考查了两角和的正弦公式，属于中档题.18．(本题12分)已知数列{}n a 满足：11a =，11n n a na n +=+数列{}nb 是等比数列，并满足12b =，且11b -，4b ，51b -成等差数列.（1）求数列{}n a ，{}n b 的通项公式；（2）若数列nn nb c a =，求数列{}n c 的前n 项和n S . 【答案】（1）1n a n=；2nn b =（2）()1122n n S n +=-⋅+. 【分析】（1）由数列{}n a 的递推公式判断数列{}n na 是常数列，从而求得{}n a 的通项公式，根据11b -，4b ，51b -成等差数列，列式求数列的公比q ，再求通项公式；（2）由（1）可知 2n nn nb c n a ==⋅，利用错位相减法求和.【解析】（1）由已知11a =，()11n n na n a +=+，所以{}n na 是常数列，所以111n na a =⋅=，故1n a n= 设{}n b 的公比是q ，由已知得()()415211b b b =-+-，所以3442q q =，所以2q，故2n n b =（2）由题意可知：2n nn nb c n a ==⋅，又121n n n S c c c c -=+++，代入可得：()1211222122n n n S n n -=⋅+⋅++-⋅+⋅……∴()23412122232122n n n S n n +=⋅+⋅+⋅++-⋅+⋅……∴∴-∴得：()123111212222222(1)2212n n n n n n S n n n +++--=++++-⋅=-⋅=-⋅--所以()1122n n S n +=-⋅+.【点睛】本题考查数列的递推公式，等差数列，等比数列，错位相减法数列求和，重点考查计算能力，转化与变形，属于中档题型.19．(本题12分)如图所示的几何体中，,,2,BE BC EA AC BC AC ⊥⊥==45,ACB ∠=//,2AD BC BC AD =．(1)求证：AE ⊥平面ABCD ；(2)若60ABE ∠=，点F 在EC 上，且满足EF =2FC ，求二面角F —AD —C 的余弦值．【答案】（1）详见解析（2）7【分析】（1）在ABC ∆中，根据已知的边、角条件运用余弦定理可得出AB BC ⊥，再由,BE BC AB BE B ⊥⋂=，得出BC ⊥平面ABE .，由线面垂直的性质得BC AE ⊥，再根据线面垂直的判定定理得证；（2）在以B 为原点，建立空间直角坐标系B xyz -，得出点,,,F A D C 的坐标，求出面FAD 的法向量，由（1）得EA ⊥平面ABCD ，所以EA 为平面ABCD 的一个法向量，再根据向量的夹角公式求得二面角的余弦值.【解析】（1）在ABC ∆中，2,45,BC AC ACB ==∠= 由余弦定理可得2222cos 454AB BC AC BC AC =+-⨯⨯⨯=，所以2AB =，所以222,AC AB BC =+所以ABC ∆是直角三角形，AB BC ⊥. 又,BE BC AB BE B ⊥⋂=，所以BC ⊥平面ABE .因为AE ⊂平面ABE ，所以BC AE ⊥，因为,EA AC AC BC C ⊥⋂=,所以AE ⊥平面ABCD .（2）由（1）知，BC ⊥平面ABE ，所以平面BEC ⊥平面AEB ，在平面ABE 中，过点B 作，则Bz ⊥平面BEC ，如图，以B 为原点，BE ,BC 所在直线分别为,x y 轴建立空间直角坐标系B xyz -， 则()()()(0,0,0,0,2,0,4,0,0,,B C EA (D ,因为2EF FC =，所以44,,033F ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭，易知()140,1,0,,,33AD AF ⎛== ⎝, 设平面ADF 的法向量为(),,n x y z =，则0,0,AD n AF n ⎧⋅=⎨⋅=⎩即0,140,33y x y =⎧⎪⎨+=⎪⎩令z =则0,9y x ==， 所以(9,0,3n =为平面ADF 的一个法向量，由（1）知EA ⊥平面ABCD，所以(EA =-为平面ABCD 的一个法向量.设二面角F AD C --的平面角为α，由图知α为锐角，则cos 723EA n EA nα⋅===⨯⋅所以二面角F AD C --的余弦值为7.【点睛】本题考查线面垂直关系的证明和二面角的计算，属于中档题.20．(本题12分)据相关部门统计，随着电商网购的快速普及，快递包装业近年来实现了超过50％的高速年均增长.针对这种大好形式，某化工厂引进了一条年产量为1000万个包装胶带的生产线.已知该包装胶带的质量以某项指标值志为衡量标准.为估算其经济效益，该化工厂先进行了试生产，并从中随机抽取了1000个包装胶带，统计了每个包装胶带的质量指标值k ，并分成以下5组：[50,60)，[60,70)，…，[90,100]，其统计结果及产品等级划分如下表所示：： （1）由频数分布表可认为，该包装胶带的质量指标值k 近似地服从正态分布()2N ,μσ，其中μ近似为样本平均数x ，σ近似为样本的标准差s ，并已求得10.03s ≈.记X 表示某天从生产线上随机抽取的30个包装胶带中质量指标值k 在区间(50.54,80.63]之外的包装胶带个数，求P(X 1)=及X 的数学期望；（精确到0.001）（2）已知每个包装胶带的质量指标值k 与利润y （单位：元）的关系如下表所示：((1,4))t ∈房等等一切费用在内），问：该化工厂能否在一年之内通过生产包装胶带收回投资？试说明理由. 参考数据：若随机变量()2~,Z N μσ，则()0.68.27P Z μσμσ-<≤+=，(22)P Z μσμσ-<≤+0.9545=，(33)0.9973P Z μσμσ-<≤+=，290.81860.0030≈，ln13 2.6≈.【答案】（1）(1)0.016P X =≈，() 5.442E X =；（2）不能在一年之内通过销售包装胶带收回投资，理由见解析.【分析】（1）本小题先求样本平均数，再根据正态分布直接求解即可. （2）本小题根据题意利用导函数求函数最大值，进行比较，给出判断即可. 【解析】（1）由题意知：0.0470.6x ⨯=. ∴(2,](70.620.06,70.610.03](50.54,80.63]μσμσ-+=-+=， 而11(2)()(22)0.818622P k P k P k μσμσμσμσμσμσ-≤+=-≤++-≤+=＜＜＜. 从而质量指标值k 在区间(50.54,80.63]之外的概率为0.1814.因此12930(1)(0.8186)0.1814300.00300.18140.0163260.016P X C ==⨯≈⨯⨯=≈X 的数学期望为()300.1814 5.442E X =⨯=.（2）由题意可知，该包装胶带的质量指标值k 与对应概率如下表所示：(14)t <<故每个包装胶带的利润50.1630.320.40.10.20.22y t t t t e e =⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯-=-+ 则()0.2 2.60.213tty e e '=-+=--， 令0y '=，得ln13t =，故当(1,ln13)t ∈时，0y '>，当(ln13,4)t ∈时，0y '<，所以当ln13 2.6t =≈时，y 取得最大值，ln13max 0.2 2.6ln13 2..6 2.6 2.6 4.16y e =-+⨯≈-+⨯=（元），由已知，该生产线的年产量为1000万个，故该生产线的年盈利的最大值为4.1610004160⨯=（万元）， 而4160万元5000<万元，故该化工厂不能在一年之内通过销售包装胶带收回投资. 【点睛】本题考查正态分布的相关知识点，函数最值问题，是偏难题.21．(本题12分)已知椭圆()2222:10x y C a b a b +=>>的离心率为2，其左、右焦点分别为1F ，2F ，点P 为坐标平面内的一点，且32OP →=，1234PF PF ⋅=-，O 为坐标原点. （1）求椭圆C 的方程；（2）设M 为椭圆C 的左顶点，A ，B 是椭圆C 上两个不同的点，直线MA ，MB 的倾斜角分别为α，β，且2παβ+=证明：直线AB 恒过定点，并求出该定点的坐标.【答案】（1）2214x y +=（2）证明见解析，该点坐标10(3-,0)【分析】（1）设(,)P m n ，1(,0)F c -，2(,0)F c ，运用两点的距离公式和向量数量积的坐标表示，以及椭圆的离心率公式，解方程可得a ，b ，进而得到椭圆方程；（2）设1(A x ,1)y ，2(B x ,2)y ，判断直线AB 的斜率不存在不成立，设直线AB 的方程为y kx m =+，联立椭圆方程，运用判别式大于0，以及韦达定理，结合直线的斜率公式，化简整理，结合直线方程和恒过定点的求法，可得所求．【解析】（1）设(,)P m n ，1(,0)F c -，2(,0)F c ，由32OP =，123·4PF PF =-可得2294m n +=，(,)(,)c m n c m n ----22229344m c n c =-+=-=-，即有23c =，即c =，又c e a ==， 可得2a =，1b ==，则椭圆的方程为2214x y +=；（2）证明：设1(A x ，1)y ，2(B x ,2)y ，由题意可得(2,0)M -，若直线AB 的斜率不存在，即12x x =，12y y =-，由题意可得直线MA ，MB 的斜率大于0，即120y y >，矛盾；因此直线BA 的斜率存在，设其方程为y kx m =+．联立椭圆方程2244x y +=， 化为：222(14)84(1)0k x kmx m +++-=，∴∴22226416(14)(1)0k m k m =-+->，化为：2214k m +>．122814km x x k ∴+=-+，21224(1)14m x x k-=+． 由2παβ+=，可得tan tan 1αβ=，∴1212·122y y x x =++， 1212()()(2)(2)kx m kx m x x ∴++=++，化为：221212(1)(2)()40k x x mk x x m -+-++-=，222224(1)8(1)(2)()401414m km k mk m k k -∴-+--+-=++， 化为22316200m km k -+=，解得2m k =，或103m k =． ∴直线AB 的方程可以表示为2y kx k =+（舍去），或103y kx k =+，则直线AB 恒过定点10(3-,0)． 【点睛】本题考查椭圆的方程和性质，考查直线和椭圆的位置关系，注意联立直线方程和椭圆方程，运用韦达定理，考查直线恒过定点的求法，主要考查化简运算能力，属于中档题．22．(本题12分)已知函数cos ()(,a xf x b a x=+b ∴R ). （1）当1,0a b ==时，判断函数f (x )在区间(0,)2π内的单调性;（2）已知曲线cos ()a x f x b x =+在点(,())22f ππ处的切线方程为6 2.y x π=-+(i )求f (x )的解析式; (ii )判断方程3()12f x π=-在区间(0，2π]上解的个数，并说明理由. 【答案】（1）单调递减函数；（2）(i ) 3cos ()1xf x x=-； (ii ) 3个，理由见解析. 【分析】（1）当1,0a b ==时，求得2sin cos ()x x xf x x⋅+'=-，进而得到()0f x '<，即可求得函数()f x 的单调性；（2）(i ) 求得函数的导数()'f x ，求得2()2af ππ-'=，得到26aππ-=-，求得a 的值，进而求得b 的值，即可求得函数的解析式； (ii ) 令()()312g x f x π=-+，求得()23(sin cos )x x x x g x -+'=，分(0,]2x π∈，3(,)22x ππ∈和3[,2]2x ππ∈三种情况讨论，结合导数求得函数的单调性与极值，即可求解. 【解析】（1）当1,0a b ==时，cos ()x f x x =，可得2sin cos ()x x xf x x⋅+'=-， 因为(0,)2x π∈，所以sin cos 0x x x ⋅+>,即()0f x '<，所以函数()f x 在区间(0,)2π上为单调递减函数.（2）(i ) 由函数cos ()a x f x b x=+，可得2(sin cos )()a x x x f x x -⋅+'=，则2()2a f ππ-'= 因为函数()f x 在点(,())22f ππ处的切线方程为62y x π=-+，所以26aππ-=-，解得3a =，当2x π=，代入切线方程为6212y ππ=-⨯+=-，可得()12f b π==-， 所以函数()f x 的解析式为3cos ()1xf x =-.(ii ) 令()()33cos 3122x g f x x x ππ+=-=-，则()23(sin cos )x x x x g x -+'=，∴当(0,]2x π∈时，可得()0g x '<，()g x 单调递减，又由330(,022)()62g g ππππ->-=<=， 所以函数()g x 在区间(0,]2π上只有一个零点；∴当3(,)22x ππ∈时，cos 0x <，可得()3cos 302x x g x π-=<恒成立，所以函数()g x 在区间3(,)22ππ上没有零点；∴当3[,2]2x ππ∈时，令()sin cos h x x x x =+，可得()cos 0h x x x '=>， 所以()h x 在区间3[,2]2ππ单调递增，3(2)0,()02h h ππ><， 所以存在03[,2]2x ππ∈，使得()g x 在03[,)2x π上单调递增，在0(,2]x π单调递减， 又由(2)0,()02g g ππ=<，所以函数在3[,2]2ππ上有两个零点， 综上可得，方程3()12f x π=-在(0,2]π上有3个解. 【点睛】本题主要考查导数在函数中的综合应用，以及利用导数研究函数的零点问题，着重考查了转化与化归思想、分类讨论、及逻辑推理能力与计算能力，对于此类问题，通常要构造新函数，利用导数研究函数的单调性与最值，从而求出参数的取值范围；也可分离变量，构造新函数，直接把问题转化为函数的最值问题．。
天一中学省联考前热身英语
2021届高三新高考统一适应性考试江苏省天一中学考前热身模拟试题高 三 英 语本试卷满分150分 考试时间120分钟第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)请听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一个小题，每段对话读一遍 。
1. How does the woman's father go to work?A. By bus.B. By subway.C. On foot.2. Where does the man probably stop the car?A. At a parking lot.B. At a gas station.C. On the way.3. What's the weather normally like in Chicago?A. Cold. B Warm. C. Rainy.4. What does the man think about the boating race?A. Disappointing.B. Competitive.C. Meaningful.5. What does the man want to do now?A. Return a ticket.B. Deal with an emergency.C. Catch a train.第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选江苏、福建、广东、河北辽宁、湖北、湖南、重庆项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
2021年江苏省天一中学高三英语模拟试卷及答案解析
2021年江苏省天一中学高三英语模拟试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABrooklyn Botanic GardenBrief IntroductionThe Brooklyn Botanic Garden (BBG) was acquired by the city of Brooklyn in 1854 along with the land that is Prospect Park.There are so many gardens on display at the BBG that is honestly hard to keep count ofthem. There’s the Japanese Hill and Pond Garden, the Osborne Garden, the Shakespeare Garden... you get the point. Each garden that is displayed will be showing off a different group of amazing plants that come m all sorts of color1 s and sizes. The Brooklyn Botanic Garden offers something for the entire family. They even have a Children’s Garden for the little ones.AttractionsJapanese Hill and Pond GardenOne of the most frequency visited gardens at BBG, the Japanese Hill and Pond Garden is certainly a favorite among visitors. This garden features a variety of styles as well as beautiful scenery with a viewing pavilion (亭子) and a waterfall. The Shogun Lantern featured in the Japanese Hill and Pond Garden is over 500 years old. It was given to the Brooklyn Botanic Garden as a gift from the city of Tokyo.Children’s GardenChildren have been planting plants at the Brooklyn Botanic Garden since 1914 and continue their efforts today. Currently, there are over a thousand children contributing to the Children’s Garden.Shakespeare GardenFor those who have fallen in love with the works of Shakespeare, this will be a garden that they can truly appreciate. Over 80 plants that have been mentioned in the writing of Shakespeare currently grow in the Shakespeare Garden.Getting to Brooklyn Botanic GardenBrooklyn Botanic Garden: 900 Washington Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11225Closest Subway: Prospect Park/ Eastern Parkway/ Franklin AvenueBus Tour Stops: Stop 34 or 35 Brooklyn routeOpening Times15 March— 6 November：Tuesday—Friday: 8:00 am—6:00 pm; Saturday—Sunday: 10:00 am—6:00 pm8 November —11 MarchMonday—Friday: 8:00 am—4:30 pm; Saturday —Sunday: 10:00 am—4:30 pm1.Where can visitors enjoy a waterfall?A.Osborne Garden.B.Shakespeare Garden.C.Children’s Garden.D.Japanese Hill and Pond Garden.2.How can visitors go to the Brooklyn Botanic Garden?A.By taking a bus to Prospect Park.B.By taking a bus to 34 Washington Avenue.C.By taking the subway to Franklin Avenue.D.By taking the subway to Stop 35 on the Brooklyn route.3.When can Nancy visit the Brooklyn Botanic Garden in December?A.5:00 pm on Thursday.B.8:30 am on Wednesday.C4:3 0 pm on Friday. D.9:00 am on Saturday.BWhen girls play with cars, they're serious. It was at primary school that Gu Huijing first became interested in cars after watching some car-themed movies. Born in2004 inShenzhen, Guangdong province, Gu decided to major in automobiles (汽车) when she was in junior high.She's driven by interest, but she is also a realist. “I think the future of the automobile industry is bright because we cannot live without food, clothes, houses and cars,” she said.In April, she won first prize at a competition for vehicle maintenance (车辆维修) in Dongguan city, which drew 33 teams from different cities across the province.“I thought it couldn't be that hard to repair cars when I started to take courses, but I was totally wrong,” Gu said. When she started learning in 2019, she was frequently confused by various problems. “And competition within our school is intense, so I had to work extra hard,” she said.Her teacher once tried to persuade her to give up as she was a sophomore (大二学生), and wasn't as knowledgeable as the seniors, and no women had ever been selected for the competition before. “But I insistedthat I would carry on,” she said. Finally, her training and hard work won her the only place to stand for her school at the competition.A woman winning first prize in a vehicle maintenance competition became a hot topic on-line, causing heated discussions over gender (性别) and career choices. “Women should not be influenced by old-fashioned thinking, and should do whatever it takes to discover their interests and strengths. There are more possibilities out there,” one netizen wrote.Gu said, “Many people think vehicle maintenance is a job for men. That's wrong. I don't think gender has anything to do with choice of jobs.” “I have a goal and I will work harder to make it happen,” she added. “I will be responsible for my choices.”4. What was a cause of Gu's choosing automobiles as her major?A. The love for automobiles.B. The guidance from her parents.C. The high popularity of automobiles.D. The determination to contribute to society.5. Why did Gu's teacher advise her to quit the competition?A. She lacked the knowledge related to it.B. She had never taken part in a competition before.C. She was unlikely to win the competition.D. Women were not allowed to enter the competition.6. Which of the following best describes Gu Huijing?A. Creative and caring.B. Determined and hard-working.C. Independent and humorous.D. Honest and courageous.7. What would be the best title for the text?A. There Is No End To LearningB. Teenage Girl Wins Car Repair ContestC. Vehicle Maintenance Catches OnD. Taking Challenge Leads To SuccessCPlanned missions to the moon need to hurry up to avoid hitting one of the busiest periods for extreme space weather, according to scientists conducting the most in-depth ever research on solar storm timing.Scientists at theUniversityofReadingstudied 150 years of space weather data to look into patterns in the timing of the most extreme events,which can be extremely dangerous to astronauts and satellites. This new research on space weather timing allows predictions to be made for extreme space weather. Therefore, it could be used to plan the timing of activities, which could be affected by extreme space weather, for example, major space missions.The researchers found for the first time that extreme space weather events are more likely to occur early in or late solar cycles-such as the one just starting. The findings may have influences on the NASA-led Artemis mission. It plans to make humans return to the moon in 2024, but can be put off to the late 2020s.Professor Mathew Owens, a space physicist at theUniversityofReading, said, “Until now, the most extreme space weather events were thought to berandomin their timing. Though there is no set pattern of the events, this research suggests they are more predictable.”In the new study, the scientists used a new method applying statistical modelling to storm timing for the first time. Previous research generally focused on how big extreme space weather events can be, based on observations of previous events. Predicting their timing is far more difficult because extreme events are rare, so there is ly little historic data to identify patterns. The findings suggest that any major planned space missions , which is beyond the next five years, will have to consider the higher probability of extreme space weather late in the present solar cycle between 2026 and 2030.8. What can we learn about the study from the first two paragraphs?A. It has lasted just 150 years.B. It doesn't refer to space weather data.C. It shows space weather has no effect on astronauts.D. It makes it possible to predict extreme space weather.9. Why might the NASA-led Artemis mission be put off?A. To research solar cycles.B. To avoid effects of space weather.C. To meet the needs of the astronauts.D. To make humans return to Earth in 2024.10. What does the underlined word “random“ in paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Irregular.B. Easy.C. Limited.D. Changeless.11. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. The study is useful for future space missions.B. The planned space missions should be put off.C. Extreme space weather will happen before 2026.D. Previous observations make no difference to the study.DIn many countries of the world, people can confidently tell youthe meaning of their town or city, but most people who live inManchester,OxfordorBirminghamwould not be able to explain what the name of their city means. The name of every British town and city, however, has a long history.Two thousand years ago, most people living inBritainwere Celts. Even the word “Britain" is Celtic (凯尔特语).Then the Romans arrived and built camps which became cities called “castra". This is why there are so many place names inEnglandwhich end in "-chester" or “-caster"Manchester, for example.The Romans never reachedWalesorScotland, and many placenames there are Celtic. For example,Welsh place names that begin with “Llan" come from the Celtic word for "church".After the Romans leftBritain, it was attacked by the Anglo-Saxons who were from the area of Europe that is nowGermanyandHolland. The names of their villages often ended in “-ham" or “-ton". Some got their names from the leader of the village.SoBirminghamfor example, means "Beormund's village”The Anglo-Saxons were farmers and the landscape was very important to them, so we have villages called Upton (village on a hill)——a good place to build a village and Moreton (“village by a lake”)where floods could make life hard. Place names that end in “-ford" (a place where you could cross a river) also describe the location of Anglo-Saxon villages.Finally, in 1066EnglandbecameNorman—theNormansgave us the place name "grange", which means farm.And how aboutLondon? Experts cannot agree. The Romans called the city Londinium, but they were not the first inhabitants (居民). People once believed that theUnited Kingdom’s capital city got its name from the castle of a King called Lud but this is very unlikely. Our best guess today is that the name comes from a Celtic word meaning a fast-flowing river. Like a number of British place names, its history is lost in time.12. The origin of British place names is unfamiliar to many local people because ofA. the death of local languagesB. the long lost history of the namesC. their lack of interest in itD. the frequent changes to the names13. According to the article,Stratfordis most likely a town .A. on a hillB. near a castleC. beside a riverD. with a church14. Which of the following shows the correct order of the arrival of inhabitants inBritain?A. The Celts—The Romans—TheNormans—The Anglo SaxonsB. The Celts—The Romans—The Anglo Saxons—TheNormansC. The Romans—The Celts—The Anglo Saxons—TheNormansD. The Romans―The Anglo Saxons—The Celts—TheNormans15. What doesLondonmean in Celtic?A. RiverB. LondiniumC. LudD. Castle第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。