英语语法:被动语态用法大全
英语语法:被动语态用法大全英语语法:被动语态用法大全概念语态(Voice)是动词的一种形式,用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系。
英语的语态包括两种形式:主动语态(active voice)和被动语态(passive voice)。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,一般来说,只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
巧记为:主动、主动、主去动。
Many people speak English.谓语:speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。
巧记为:被动、被动、主被动。
English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。
He opened the door.他开了门。
(主动句)The door was opened.门被开了。
(被动句)构成His bicycle was stolen.The building has been built in 2000.通过上面的例句,可以看出,“被动语态”的构成是:be + 过去分词 ( + by + 动作执行者) 形式被动语态由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成,强调动作是由什么人或什么东西而发出时,常用介词“by +行为发出者”,即be+done+by+行为发出者。
被动语态可用于各种时态,通过助动词be的变化来表示:1、一般现在时的被动语态. am / is / are + 动词的过去分词Our classroomis cleaned every day.This car is made in China.2、一般过去式的被动语态: was / were + 动词的过去分词His desk was cleaned just now.The station was built in 1928.3、现在进行时的被动语态: am / is / are + being + 动词的过去分词A new factory is being built in our city now.Some trees are being cut down in the park.4、过去进行时的被动语态: was / were + being + 动词的过去分词A new factory was being built in our city at that time.Some babies were being looked after by Miss Chen last year.5、一般将来时的被动语态:(A) will / shall + be + 动词的过去分词(B) am / is / are + going to be +动词的过去分词.Some new factories will be built in our city this year.Your watch is going to be mended in an hour.6、过去将来时的被动语态:(1)would / should + be + 动词的过去分词(2)was / were +going to be + 动词的过去分词.She said that some new factories would be built soon in our city.He thought that your watch was going to be mended after an hour.7、现在完成时的被动语态:have / has + been + 动词的过去分词Some new factories have been built in the city since last year.Your watch has been mended already.8、过去完成时的被动语态:had + been + 动词的过去分词He said that some new factories had been built in the city.I didnt know that my watch had been mended .9、含情态动词的被动式:can/may/must + be + done(1)You must hand in your homework after class.Your homework must be handed in after class.(2)He can write a letter with the computer.A letter can be written with the computer by him.初中英语八大时态一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时现在进行时过去进行时过去将来时现在完成时过去进行时运用第一种情况:不知道动作的执行者,就是不知道谁干的Dan's bike was stolen last week. 丹的自行车上周被偷了。
My windows were broken yesterday. 我的窗户昨天被打烂了。
第二种情况:没有必要交代动作的执行者,就是说:不用说出来大家也知道谁干的Rice is also grown in North China. 华北地区也种水稻。
A new railwaystation will be built next year. 明年要建一座新的火车站。
第三种:为了强调动作的承受者,这里我们比较一下主动和被动:Prisoners of War built the bridge. 战俘修建了这座桥。
此句的主句是 Prisoners of War,是来回答 Who built the bridge? 这个问句,所以此句强调的是动作的执行者---战俘,交代战俘做了什么事。
变被动之后:The bridge was built by Prisoners of War.这座桥是被战俘修建的。
这样说的话,主语变成了“the bridge”---这座桥,此句是回答 What was built? 所以此句是强调“什么被建造”即强调动作的承受者。
又如:The book was written by Shi Naian. 这本书是施耐庵写的。
以上是被动语态使用的三种情况或者说时机,第三种虽然强调动作的承受者,但一般也要交代动作的执行者,用 by + 执行者来表达。
主动语态变成被动语态1、从句子意义上说,就是重新找出“什么事物”是“被完成”的。
主动语态:人们说英语。
People speak English in many countries.被动语态:英语被说。
English is spoken in many countries..主动语态:我们造这座桥。
We built this bridge last year.被动语态:这座桥被建造。
This bridge was built last year.2、从语法的角度说,把原句的宾语改成主语。
主动语态:小王邀请你(宾语)Xiao Liu has invited you to a lunch party.被动语态:你(宾语)被邀请。
You has been invited to a lunch party by Xiao Wang.主动语态:你不准带走杂志(宾语)You must not take these magazines out of the reading-room.被动语态:杂志(宾语)不准被带走.These magazines must not be taken out of the reading room.主动语态:他们授给他(宾语)一枚奖章(宾语).They gave him a medal for his wonderful work.被动语态:他(宾语)被授予一枚奖章.He was given a medal forhis wonderful work.被动语态:一枚奖章(宾语)被授给了他.A medal was given to him for his wonderful work.语态转换时所注意的问题1. 把主动语态变为被动语态,其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致,其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。
We have bought a new computer.A new computerhas been bought.A new computer have been bought. (错误)2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时,可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语,另一个不动,一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多My uncle gave me a present on my birthday.I was given a present on my birthday.如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语,则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词,如上句还可以说:A present was given to me yesterday.注意:1.一般在下列动词后,常在间接宾语前用介词 to,如:bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。
(1) The book was showed to the class.(2) My bike was lent to her.2.一般在下列动词后,间接宾语前用介词 for, 如:build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。
(1) A new skirt was made for me.(2) The meat was cooked for us.(3) Some country music was played for us.3. 由动词+ 介词或副词构成的短语动词,要把它们作为整体看,即把它们看成一个及物动词,介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。
这类动词有:不及物动词+ 介词,如: agree to, ask for, laugh at, operated on, listen to, look after, think of, talk about 等。
The patient is being operated on. The problem is solved. It needn't be talked about.及物动词+ 副词:如:bring about, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put off,think over, turn down, work out, turn out 等。
知识点被动语态的用法
知识点被动语态的用法被动语态是英语中的一种常用语法结构,用于表达动作的承受者或者动作的影响对象,而非动作的执行者。
被动语态在书面和口语表达中都得到广泛应用。
以下是一些常见的被动语态用法及其相关规则。
一、被动语态的构成形式被动语态由助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。
根据时态的不同,助动词be的形式可能会发生变化。
下面是各个时态下被动语态的构成:1. 现在时被动语态:am/is/are + 过去分词2. 过去时被动语态:was/were + 过去分词3. 现在完成时被动语态:have/has been + 过去分词4. 过去完成时被动语态:had been + 过去分词5. 将来时被动语态:will be + 过去分词6. 情态动词can、may、must等的被动语态:can/may/must be + 过去分词二、被动语态的用法1. 表达动作的承受者被动语态常用于强调动作的承受者,将动作的接受者放在句子的主语位置,而将执行动作的人或事物放在句子的后部分。
例句1:The house was built by my father.(这座房子是我父亲建的。
)例句2:The book was written by Mark Twain.(这本书是马克·吐温写的。
)2. 引起物体或地点的注意被动语态还可用于引起物体或地点的注意,使句子更加具体明确。
例句3:The cake was eaten.(蛋糕已被吃掉。
)3. 表达客观事实或普遍规律在叙述客观事实或阐述普遍规律时,被动语态经常被使用。
例句4:Math problems are solved step by step.(数学题是逐步解决的。
)例句5:English is spoken in many countries.(英语在许多国家中被使用。
)4. 句型转换有时,为了更好地表达句子的重点或强调动作的执行者,我们会从主动语态转换为被动语态。
七种被动语态形式
七种被动语态形式被动语态是英语中的一种语法结构,用来表达句子的主语是动作的承受者,而不是执行者。
在英语中,被动语态由助动词"be"和动词的过去分词构成。
下面是七种常用的被动语态形式及其示例:1. 一般被动语态(Simple Passive)一般被动语态用于表达一般的情况、事实或真理。
它的结构是:主语+ to be + 过去分词。
示例:- The book is written by a famous author. (这本书是由一位著名作家写的。
)- English is spoken in many countries. (英语在许多国家都是使用的。
)2. 进行被动语态(Continuous Passive)进行被动语态用于表达正在进行的动作。
它的结构是:主语 + to be + being + 过去分词。
示例:- The house is being built by a team of construction workers. (这幢房子正在被一队建筑工人建造。
)- The car is being repaired at the garage. (这辆车正在修理厂修理。
)3. 完成被动语态(Perfect Passive)完成被动语态用于表达已经完成的动作。
它的结构是:主语 + to have been + 过去分词。
示例:- The cake has been eaten by all the guests. (这个蛋糕已经被所有的客人吃掉了。
)4. 一般完成被动语态(Simple Perfect Passive)一般完成被动语态用于表达已经完成的一般情况、事实或真理。
它的结构是:主语 + to have been + 过去分词。
示例:- The job offer has been rejected by many applicants. (这个工作邀请已经被许多申请人拒绝了。
被动语态语法知识点总结
被动语态语法知识点总结一、被动语态的基本结构被动语态是英语中的一种语法结构,通过将动作的承受者置于句子的主语位置,强调动作的接受者而非执行者。
被动语态的基本结构为:be动词(am, is, are, was, were)+过去分词。
例如:Active voice(主动语态):The dog chased the cat.(狗追赶着猫。
)Passive voice(被动语态):The cat was chased by the dog.(猫被狗追赶。
)二、被动语态的用法1. 强调动作的承受者:被动语态可以将动作的承受者放在句子的主语位置,使其成为句子的焦点。
例如:Active voice: He wrote a book.(他写了一本书。
)Passive voice: A book was written by him.(一本书被他写了。
)2. 隐藏执行者:有时候,句子的执行者并不重要或显而易见,这时可以使用被动语态来隐藏执行者。
例如:Active voice: They built this house.(他们建造了这座房子。
)Passive voice: This house was built by them.(这座房子被他们建造了。
)3. 表示客观事实:被动语态常用于描述客观事实或一般真理。
例如:Active voice: People speak English all over the world.(全世界人们讲英语。
)Passive voice: English is spoken all over the world.(英语在全世界都被讲。
)4. 句子的主语是动作的承受者:当动作的承受者比执行者更重要时,可以使用被动语态将其放在句子的主语位置。
例如:Active voice: The car hit the tree.(汽车撞到了树。
)Passive voice: The tree was hit by the car.(树被汽车撞到了。
初中英语知识点归纳被动语态的用法及其分类
初中英语知识点归纳被动语态的用法及其分类被动语态是英语语法中的一种重要结构,用于表达主语是动作的接受者。
初中阶段,学生需要掌握被动语态的基本用法,并能够正确地分类和运用。
本文将对初中英语知识点中的被动语态进行归纳,并进行适当的分类,以帮助学生更好地掌握被动语态的用法。
一、基本用法被动语态的基本结构是“be + 过去分词”,其中“be”是根据时态和情态动词的要求进行变换,过去分词则是动词的过去式或者第三人称单数形式。
被动语态常用于以下情况:1. 当不知道或者不关心动作的执行者时,可以使用被动语态。
例如:- The car was repaired yesterday. (这辆车昨天被修理了。
)- The book will be read by many people. (这本书将会被很多人阅读。
)2. 当强调动作的接受者时,可以使用被动语态。
例如:- The cake was eaten by the children. (蛋糕被孩子们吃了。
)- The letter was written by Tom. (这封信是汤姆写的。
)3. 当主语是不能进行动作的物体时,可以使用被动语态。
例如:- The window was broken. (窗户被打破了。
)- The ball was kicked into the goal. (球被踢进了球门。
)二、被动语态的分类根据动词的不同性质和用法,被动语态可以进行分类,下面将对常见的几种分类进行介绍。
1. 一般现在时被动语态一般现在时的被动语态结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词”。
该时态常用于描述客观事实或者重复性的动作。
例如:- The car is washed every week. (这辆车每周都被洗。
)- English is spoken in many countries. (英语在很多国家被使用。
)2. 一般过去时被动语态一般过去时的被动语态结构为“was/were + 过去分词”。
初中英语语法——被动语态用法总结归纳
初中英语语法——被动语态用法总结归纳被动语态是英语语法中的一种重要的句型结构,用来表示主语是动作的承受者,或者是主语被动地接受了其中一种行为或影响。
在被动语态中,动作的执行者通常不被说明,而动作的接受者(主语)成为句子的重点。
被动语态的结构是:“be”动词的适当形式 + 过去分词被动语态的时态、语态和主动语态一样,即可以变换时态(一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等)和语态(进行时、完成时等)。
下面对被动语态的几个方面进行总结归纳。
1.一般现在时被动语态:一般现在时被动语态的结构是:“am/is/are”(be动词的适当形式)+ 过去分词例如:- 主动语态:They make cars.- 被动语态:Cars are made by them.2.一般过去时被动语态:一般过去时被动语态的结构是:“was/were”(be动词的适当形式)+ 过去分词例如:- 主动语态:She cooked dinner.- 被动语态:Dinner was cooked by her.3.一般将来时被动语态:一般将来时被动语态的结构是:“will be”(be动词的适当形式)+ 过去分词例如:- 主动语态:You will clean the room.- 被动语态:The room will be cleaned by you.4.进行时被动语态:进行时被动语态的结构是:“am/is/are being”(be动词的适当形式)+ 过去分词例如:- 主动语态:They are painting the wall.- 被动语态:The wall is being painted by them.5.完成时被动语态:完成时被动语态的结构是:“has/have been”(be动词的适当形式)+ 过去分词例如:- 主动语态:She has written a book.- 被动语态:A book has been written by her.需要注意的是,被动语态的主语通常不是动作的执行者,所以经常用于下面几种情况:-当动作的执行者不得而知或不重要时,使用被动语态。
英语被动语态的用法归纳
英语被动语态的用法归纳Passive Voice in English: Rules and UsageXXX een the subject and the verb。
If the subject is the doer of the n。
i.e。
in an active nship。
the verb should be in the active voice。
If the subject is the recipient of the n。
i.e。
in a passive nship。
the verb should be in the passive voice。
In English。
the passive voice is formed using the auxiliary verb "be" and the past participle。
The auxiliary verb "be" changes according to tense。
person。
and number.Passive Voice XXX:1.Present Simple Passive: am/is/are + past participle2.Past Simple Passive: was/were + past participle3.Future Simple Passive: will be + past participle4.Present Continuous Passive: am/is/are + being + past participle5.Present Perfect Passive: have/has + been + past participle6.Modal Verbs Passive: modal verb + be + past participleBasic Usage of Passive Voice:1.To emphasize the recipient of the n: The Great Wall is enjoyed by ns of people all over the world。
被动语态的构成和用法
被动语态的构成和用法被动语态是英语中的一种语法结构,用于强调动作的承受者而非执行者。
本文将就被动语态的构成和用法进行详细介绍。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成主要依靠be动词和过去分词的形式来完成,根据时态的不同,be动词的形式也会有所变化。
1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成:am/is/are + 过去分词例如:The letter is written by Tom. (这封信是汤姆写的。
)2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成:was/were + 过去分词例如:The book was read by Sarah. (这本书是萨拉读的。
)3. 一般将来时的被动语态构成:will be + 过去分词例如:The job will be done by Peter. (这项工作将由彼得完成。
)4. 现在进行时的被动语态构成:am/is/are being + 过去分词例如:The house is being built by the workers. (这栋房子正在被工人们建造。
)5. 过去进行时的被动语态构成:was/were being + 过去分词例如:The car was being repaired when I arrived. (我到达时,汽车正在被修理。
)6. 现在完成时的被动语态构成:has/have been + 过去分词例如:The cake has been eaten by someone. (有人吃掉了蛋糕。
)7. 过去完成时的被动语态构成:had been + 过去分词例如:The project had been finished before the deadline. (这个项目在截止日期之前已经完成。
)二、被动语态的用法1. 强调动作的承受者:当我们想要强调动作的承受者时,可以使用被动语态。
例如:The cake was eaten by John. (这个蛋糕被约翰吃了。
被动语态全解
被动语态全解语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。
一.被动语态的时态:1.一般现在时的被动语态:am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态:was /were +动词的过去分词3.一般将来时的被动语态:will be +动词的过去分词4.现在进行时的被动语态:am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词5.现在完成时的被动语态:have /has +been +动词的过去分词6.情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词二.被动语态的基本用法:(1) 需要强调动作的承受者时The Great Wall is enjoyed by millions of people all over the world English is widely spoken in the world now.(2) 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时Mr. Wang is invited to the meeting today .The problem is dealt with now .(3) 当说话人需要强调客观时It is said that she was a beauty when she was young .三.主动主动语态变被动语态的变法:口诀:宾变主,主变宾,谓变be done ,时不变,数格必须随被变。
注:1.主动、被动的时态要一致。
2.主动、被动的句式要一致。
3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。
语态转换不被动语态的步骤1, 把原主动句中的宾语转换为被动语态的主语2, 把动词改为被动语态形式即e+过去分词。
3, 原来主动语态句子中的主语,如果需要就放在by的后面以它的宾格形式出现(因为by是介词,后面需跟宾格作介词的宾语。
)以指明做事的人或物,如果没有必要,可以省略。
语法讲解:被动语态的用法
【导语】以下是整理的《语法讲解:被动语态的⽤法》,⼀起来看看吧!1. ⼀般现在时的被动语态构成:is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词Our classroom is cleaned everyday. 我们教室每天都被打扫。
I am asked to study hard. 我被告知要努⼒学习。
Knives are used for cutting things. ⼑是⽤来切东西的。
2. ⼀般过去时的被动语态构成:was / were + 及物动词的过去分词A new shop was built last year. 去年修了⼀座新商店。
Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 恐龙蛋被放置了很久很久。
3. ⼀般将来时的被动语态构成:will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词A new hospital will be built in our city. 我们城市将要修建⼀家新医院。
Many more trees will be planted next year. 明年会种更多的树。
4. 现在进⾏时的被动语态构成:am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→My bike is being repaired by Tom now. 王叔叔正在修理我的⾃⾏车。
They are planting trees over there. →Trees are being planted over there by them. 他们在那⾥种植的树⽊。
5. 现在完成时的被动语态构成:has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词This book has been translated into many languages. 这本书被成多种⽂字。
Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 在许多国家有许多⼈造卫星被送上了太空。
被动语态的用法
被动语态的用法1.一般现在时的被动语态构成为:is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词。
例如:我们的教室每天都被打扫。
我被要求努力研究。
刀子用于切割物品。
2.一般过去时的被动语态构成为:was / were + 及物动词的过去分词。
例如:去年建了一家新商店。
恐龙蛋很久以前就被放置了。
3.现在完成时的被动语态构成为:has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词。
例如:这本书已经被翻译成了很多种语言。
很多国家已经发射了许多人造卫星。
4.一般将来时的被动语态构成为:will + be + 及物动词的过去分词。
例如:我们城市将会建造一家新医院。
明年将会种更多的树。
5.含有情态动词的被动语态构成为:情态动词 + be + 及物动词的过去分词。
例如:年轻的树必须经常浇水。
你的错误应该立即纠正。
门可能被从里面锁上了。
你的作业可以明天交。
6.现在进行时的被动语态构成为:am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词。
例如:___正在修理我的自行车。
现在我的自行车正在被___修理。
他们正在那里种树。
现在树正在被他们种植。
1.不及物动词没有被动语态。
What will happen in 100 years。
Dinosaurs disappeared about 65 n years ago.2.有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。
___.3.感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式。
在主动语态中不带to,但变为被动语态时,须加上to。
例如:make somebody do something → somebody + be + made to do something。
see somebody do somethi ng → somebody + be + seen to do something。
A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by。
