高考一轮复习语法精讲之名词性从句 学案 无答案
Five levels of English grammar
Sentence---clause---phrase---word---morpheme （词素） 句子 简单句
复杂句 主从复合句 定语从句
名词性从句---主语从句、宾语从句(可以略that)、表语从句、同位语从句
状语从句
并列复合句
句子成分 主语 谓语动词的发出者 谓语
宾语 谓语动词的承受者 有些动词可接双宾语give;bring;promise;buy 等等
表语 用于说明主语的身份、特征或状态，一般位于系动词后 定语 修饰名词
状语 表明动作或状态的程度、特征；表示时间地点原因条件让步目的结果方式等
补语 补充说明
同位语 在名词或代词后并列加以说明 we students should learn hard.
本节---关于名词性从句
1、名词能做什么成分
The movie looks terrific. 这部电影很好看。 名词作主语
I admire his mother. 我欣赏他的妈妈。 名词作宾语
Gump is a man. 阿甘是个男人。 名词作表语
I enjoy the part, the beginning. 我喜欢这部分，这开头。 名词作同位语
同位语： 用来解释名词的成分就是同位语
I like Eason, a well-known singer from Hongkong.
My mother, a typical housewife, enjoys playing Majong, a Chinese entertainment.
坚持，一种积极的心态，在所有人的成功中扮演一个重要角色。
Persistence, an active mentality, plays a critical role in the glories of all children and adults.
谁能作同位语？
1）名词作同位语 2）代词作同位语 3)非谓语动词充当同位语 4)从句充当同位语
只要在作文中见到名词，都可以有意识的在它后面给它加个同位语，对该名词进行补充说明。
二、什么是名词性从句
The movie looks terrific. 这部电影很好看。 主语从句
What I saw
宾语从句
表语从句
我喜欢这部分，这开头。 同位语从句
I enjoy the part that a bird is flying in the sky. 从句作同位语没有“，”
名词在句子中能够充当的成分从句都能充当，这就是名词性从句。
三、名词性从句的引导词
他已经离婚了，是我的错。
That he has been divorced is my fault. 从句是陈述句不缺成分加that.
他已经离婚了吗，是显而易见的。
Whether he has been got divorced is obvious.
他会跟谁结婚，是一个秘密。
Who he will marry is a secret.
名词性引导词是按照从句的类型分的类，一共把名词性从句引导词分成三类。
1）that：当从句是陈述句时，并且that在从句中不充当任何成分也没有任何意思。
2)whether：当从句是一般疑问句时,并且whether在从句中也没有充当成分，意思是是否。
3)所有的特殊疑问词：当从句是特殊疑问句时。
并且英语中所有的从句一定都是陈述句的形式，也就是“引导词＋主语＋谓语”的形式
练习
1）我正在思考外星人存在吗。
I am wondering whether aliens still exist. 宾语从句
2)女人总是对的是一个常识。
That ladies tend to be right is a common sense. 主语从句
3)我的意识是孝敬父母是中华民族传统美德。
My meaning is that raising the parents is a Chinese conventional virtue. 表语从句
4)有一天你会发现，事业、亲情、友情都比爱情重要。
Some day, you will find that career, kinship and friendship are more essential than romance. That引导的宾语从句5）关键是你什么时候有钱呢
The point is when wealth will become available for you.
四、名词性从句的长难句分析
1）如何识别主语从句
只要见到有引导词放在句首，并且从句后没有被逗号隔开，一定是主语从句。
主语从句从句首开始到主句谓语动词之前结束。
That the plates are moving is now beyond dispute.
除此以外，在分析长难句时候，见到it…that…通常也是主句从句，主语从句从that开始到句末结束。
Whether the government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving
政府应该以技术为代价增加对纯科学的资助，还是以纯科学为代价增加对技术的投入，经常被看做取决于哪个是驱动力的例子。
2）如何识别宾语从句
实义动词加宾语系动词加表语
只要实义动词后面有个引导词，就暂定为宾语从句（状语从句还没讲哟）
She said that she would marry an old rich man.
3）如何识别表语从句
只要系动词的后面有个引导词，就是表语从句
(A report brought back by visitors to China) is (how friendly and helpful Chinese were to them).主系表结构
4）如何识别同位语从句
只要名词的后面有个引导词就暂定为同位语从句（更可能是定语从句）
但是：区别定语从句和同位语从句
I have a dream that sounds funny. 定语从句修饰那个名词
I have a dream that I will become a rich lady. 同位语从句解释那个名词
练习
1.【北京】24.Opposite is St. Paul’s Church, _______you can hear some lovely music.
A. which
B.that
C.when
D.where
2.【安徽】25.A ship in harbor is safe, but that’s not ______ ships are built for.
A. what
B. whom
C. why
D. when
3.【湖南】33.________ the job takes a significant amount of time, most students agree that the experience is worth it.
A. If only
B. After C．Although D．In case
4.【北京】2
5.He is a shy man,_______he is not afraid of anything or anyone.
A.so
B. but
C.or
D. as
5.【天津】15 The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ______ his employees enjoy their work.
A. where
B. which
C. when
D. who
6.【四川】8.The exhibition tells us we should do something to stop air pollution.
A. where
B. why
C. what
D. which
7.【江苏】21.The number of smokers, _____ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
A. it
B. which
C. what
D. as
8.【北京】28. You won’t find paper cutting difficult _____you keep practicing it.
A. even if
B. as long as C .as if D. ever since
9.【陕西】19. Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.
A. what
B. that
C. why
D. how
10.【浙江】9. a single world can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.
A. Just as
B. Even though
C. Until
D. Unless
11.John’s success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work ______ has made him what he is today.
A. why
B. when
C. which
D. that
12.It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do ______ benefits our work most.
A. who
B. which
C. that
D. what
13.—Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree?
—Of course, I have. It was in our village ______ it was made.
A.that
B. where
C. when
D. which
14.It’s not what we do once in a while ______shapes our lives，but what we do consistently.
A. which
B. that
C. how
D. when
15.Was it on a lonely island ______ he was saved one month after the boat went down?
A. where
B. that
C. which
D. what
16.—Was it by cutting down staff ______ she saved the firm?
—No, it was by improving work efficiency.
A.when
B. what
C. how
D. that
17.It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic ______ Zheng He had sailed to East Africa．
A. when
B. that
C. after
D. since
18.It was not until I came here ______ I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.
A. who
B. that
C. where
D. before
19.It was with the help of the local guide ______ the mountain climber was rescued.
A. who
B. that
C. when
D. how
20.It was only after he had read the papers ______ Mr.Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.
A. when
B. that
C. which
D. what
21.It’s not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do __________ makes life happy.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. who
22.It was the culture, rather than the language, _______made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.
A. where
B. why
C. that
D. what
23.It wasn’t until nearly a month later __________I received the manager’s reply.
A.since
B.when
C.as
D.that
24.I really don’t know ________ I had my money stolen.
A. when was it that
B. that it was when
C. where it was that
D. it was where that
25.He was so busy yesterday that it was not until late at night ________ his work.
A. did he finish
B. that he finished
C. when he finished
D. that he didn’t finish
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高考英语语法状语从句习题及讲解 1. 状语从句的类型 1〕时间状语从句：常见引导词有： when：表示主句和从句的动作同时或先后发生，强调点，表“就在那时；突然”. while：常表示延续性动词或状态；while也可表示对比的转折. as soon as：表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生. hardly / scarcely … when；no sooner … than：表示“还没来得及……就；刚……就”. directly, immediately, instantly：副词当连词用，表示“一……就”. the moment, the minute, the second：充当连词，等于when / as soon as. each time, every time, next time, by the time等：也可以引导时间状语从句. since：引导的时间状语从句，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时.常用句型：It is + 段时间+ since从句，“自从……有多长时间了”. until：常与not连用，表示“直到……才……”；Not until置于句首时，主句要部分倒装；在It is / was…that / who…强调结构中，须连在一起. 2〕让步状语从句：常见引导词有：although, though, even if, even though, as等. 3〕原因状语从句：常见引导词有： because：常用于回答why, 语气最强；强调原因，常与just, only等起强调作用的副词连用；可引导表语从句. for：是个并列连词，一般不放在句首，常表示一种推测或解释，或用作附加说明，语气弱. as, since：常译为“既然、由于”，表示十分明显的原因，语气较弱. now that：表示“既然”的意思. 4〕地点状语从句：常见引导词有：where, wherever等. 5〕目的状语从句：常见引导词有：that, so that, in order that等.目的状语从句的谓语动词常与情态动词连用，否则可能是结果状语从句.不可 置于句首.目的状语从句还可以用动词不定式来替换. 6〕结果状语从句：常见引导词有：that, so that, so … that, such … that …等. 7〕方式状语从句：由as, as if〔though〕等引导.
高考英语名词性从句知识点难题汇编及答案
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(完整版)高考英语【名词性从句】
专题十名词性从句 第一节基本知识与基本概念 【什么是名词性从句？】 顾名思义，主语从句在句子中作主语。有时本身出现在主语的位置上，也有时出于句子结构的考虑退到句子的尾部，前面用形式主语it代替。从句作主语时，谓语动词一般为单数形式。如: What I saw was beyond any verbal description. That his hair was turning grey worried him a bit. Why the company denied the contract is still unknown. When and where the government will build a city square is under discussion. It is pretty annoying that a small part of the machine is missing. It remains to be seen whether the new novel will be well received. 【宾语从句】 在句子中作宾语的从句就是宾语从句。由于这是同学们接触比较早的一种从句，应该问题不大。所以在近年的高考题中，以宾语从句的知识作为考点的题目较少。但是，宾语从句也有自己的特殊情况，如介词的宾语，形容词的宾语，宾语从句提前和并列的宾语从句等现象。如： We assumed that there would be more than 100 guests. He told the police in detail what he saw and heard. Nobody is sure what humans will look like in a million years. That will depend on whether they can get the chance. Whether I will have the time I am not sure at the moment. The conductor complained that we were not gifted in singing and that he would never come again. 【表语从句】 表语从句的最重要脸谱就是它们应该出现在系动词的后面。如： The only question left is how often the workers are paid. His idea for the coming weekend is that we go skating. 【同位语从句】 从脸谱上看，同位语从句最为麻烦。因为它们也是出现在一个名词的后面，起着解释说明的作用。
上海高考实用英语语法复习笔记[宝典]
上海高考实用英语语法笔记 第一部分词法 Chapter 1. 主谓一致 一、概念： 主谓一致是指：1)语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。2)意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。3)就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语,一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词复数用动词复数。例如：There is much water in the thermos. 但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。例如：Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year. 二、相关知识点精讲 1、并列结构作主语时谓语用复数,例如：Reading and writing are very important. 注：当主语由and连结时,如果表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如：The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。 2、主谓一致中的靠近原则 1)当there be句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。例如： There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。 There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.班上有二十个男孩,二十三个女孩。 2)当either…or…与neither…nor,连接两个主语时,谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引导,而主语又不止一个时,谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。例如： Either you or she is to go. 不是你去,就是她去。 Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. 给你笔、信封和纸。 3、谓语动词与前面的主语一致 当主语有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词组成的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语部分一致。 例如：The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. 教师和一些学生在参观工厂。 He as well as I wants to go boating.他和我想去划船。 4、谓语需用单数的情况 1)代词each以及由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语时,或主语中含有each, every时, 谓语需用单数。例如： Each of us has a tape-recorder. /There is something wrong with my watch. 2)当主语是一本书或一条格言时,谓语动词常用单数。例如：The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English. 3)表示金钱,时间,价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时,通常把这些名词看作一个整体,谓语一般用单数。例如： Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. /Ten yuan is enough. 5、指代意义决定谓语的单复数 1)代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。 2)集体名词作主语时,谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后,谓语动词用复数形式时强调这个集体中的各个成员,用单数时强调该集体的整体。例如：His family are music lovers. 但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。例如：Are there any police around? 附近有警察吗? 3)有些名词,如variety, number, population, proportion, majority等有时看作单数,有时看作复数。例如： A number of +名词复数+复数动词：A number of books have lent out./ The majority of the students like English. The number of +名词复数+单数动词：The number of books is 53 . 6、与后接名词或代词保持一致的情况 1)用half of, most of, none of, heaps of, lots of, plenty of 等引起主语时,谓语动词通常与of后面的名词/代词保持一致。例如： Most of his money is spent on books. 他大部分的钱化在书上了。 Most of the students are taking an active part in sports. 大部分学生积极参与体育运动。 2)用a portion of, a series of, a pile of, a panel of 等引起主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。例如： A series of accidents has been reported. 媒体报道了一连串的事故。 A pile of lots was set beside the hearth. 炉边有一堆木柴。 3)如many a 或more than one 所修饰的短语作主语时,谓语动词多用单数形式。但由more than…of 作主语时,动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。例如： Many a person has read the novel.许多人读过这本书。 More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的学生来自这个城市。 Chapter 2. 动词的时态 一、概念： 英语的实义动词有以下五种形式： (1) 动词原形：动词原形在句子中形式不变。主要用于主语为非第三人称单数的一般现在时,情态动词之后,或根据语法规定必须用动词原形的其他情况。 (2) 一般现在时第三人称单数形式(简称现单三)：主要用于主语为第三人称单数的一般现在时。 (3) 过去式：主要用于一般过去时。 (4) 现在分词：主要用于进行时态,或语法规定的其他情况。 (5) 过去分词：主要用于完成时态,或语法规定的其他情况。 动词一般现在时第三人称单数(现单三)的构成,见下表： 词尾变化(规律与名词变复数相同,读音也与名词复数相同) 举例 一般加-s Help---helps; read---reads 在ch, sh, s, x 或元音字母o后面加-es Do, fix, pass, push, teach ---does, fixes, passes, pushes, teaches
高中英语语法-状语从句 归纳总结
状语从句 一．分类： such+n.+that（如果……以致）that（所以，因此）
让步状语从句：though/although不可同but连用。 though/although （虽然）however （可是）even though/if（即使） no matter+what/which/where/who/when =whatever/whichever/wherever/whoever/whenever （不论什么/哪一个/哪里/谁/何时） 比较状语从句：as （正如）as…as（和……一样）not as/so … as （不如……）than（比……更）the+比较级…+the+比较级（越……越……） 条件状语从句：if（假设）unless（如果不）so long as（只要）on condition that （如果） * 方式状语从句：as（像……那样地）just as（正像）as if（好像）as though（好像） 二．各种状语从句的简化方法： 1 作状语。 】 例：After she sang，she left the rich man's house．= After singing，she left the rich man's house．2．以as soon as引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于on+doing sth.,作状语，此时的动词为非延续性动词。 例：Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers as soon as he arrived at the village． = Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers on arriving at the village． 3．时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主语和主句主语一致时，有时可简化为不定式作状语。 例：She stopped when she saw her husband．= She stopped to see her husband．If you want to understand the farmers，you must go to the countryside． = To understand the farmers，you must go to the countryside． 4．结果状语从句和目的状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可以简化为不定式作状语；若两者主语不一致时，则应简化为不定式的复合结构作状语。 例：He was so tired that he couldn't go any further．= He was too tired to go any further． I came here so that I could ask some questions．= I came here(in order) to ask some questions．5．以when，while引导的时间状语从句和以if引导的条件状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于when/while/if +doing sth.作状语，表示谓语动作发生在该状语动作的进行过程之中。 。 例：When he turned on the radio，he found it broken．= When turning on the radio，he found it broken．While she was walking along the street，she was hit by a car．= While walking along the street，she was hit by a car． 6．原因状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可简化为分词短语作状语。 例：Since l didn't know Chinese，I tried to speak to her in English．= Not knowing Chinese，I tried to speak to her in English． 注意：形容词短语也可作表示原因的状语，来代替原因状语从句，放在句首、句末均可，但一般应加逗号。 例：As he was thirsty and eager to get a little rest，he went into the tea-house． = Thirsty and eager to get a little rest，he went into the tea-house．
高考英语名词性从句知识点真题汇编
高考英语名词性从句知识点真题汇编 一、选择题 1．As long as you know what you really want, you can choose kind of life you like. A．however B．whatever C．whenever D．which 2．When we start gazing into the night sky with a telescope, the realization will suddenly come over us _______ we and our world are part of this giant system. A．as B．where C．that D．whether 3．Then he told me _______ he was doing was very important. A．that B．that how C．what that D．why what 4．His mother did _______ she could ______ the boy. A．what help B．that help C．what to help D．that to help 5．—I don’t know _______ you got to know my telephone number. —Through a friend of mine. A．how was it B．how was it that C．it was how that D．how it was that 6．Filled with anger, a person tends to say ______ comes to his mind. A．whatever B．whichever C．whenever D．whoever 7．All of us were so excited at the news ____we’ll go abroad for holidays ___we jumped with joy. A．that; that B．what; and then C．what; that D．which; so 8．The spokesman noted _______ some individuals apparently lack is not the means to get the correct information, but the courage to admit the truth. A．whether B．that C．which D．what 9．Students show great interest in ________ Professor William presents to them in his class. A．whichever B．wherever C．whatever D．however 10．By reading the story, you may understand ______ to be successful. A．it takes what B．you take what C．what takes you D．what it takes 11．Social media paints this rosy picture that everyone else 's lives are perfect,but things are seldom_______they seem. A．which B．what C．how D．where 12．_______football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity. A．What B．Whether C．That D．Which 13．Their ship was blown off course by strong wind, and they arrived in ________is known as Greenland by chance. A．where B．when C．what D．which 14．The weather is fine. I’m sure ________ we can go camping this afternoon. A．why B．what C．that D．if 15．—How do you find the 5G cell phones? —Oh,quite good.A new function has been developed on this new model_____it has faster data transmission and lower delay A．that B．which C．what D．whether 16．Many experts stick to the view ______ teacher development is the key to the education quality.