2018届高考英语浙江版二轮专题复习突破检测:专题三 完形填空模拟检测(五) 说明文

2018届高考英语浙江版二轮专题复习突破检测:专题三 完形填空模拟检测(五) 说明文
2018届高考英语浙江版二轮专题复习突破检测:专题三 完形填空模拟检测(五) 说明文

完形填空模拟检测(五) 说明文

(共3篇,限时50分钟)

A

What is the difference between “entertainment” and “hobbies”?Well, entertainment __1__ to be more or less passive (被动的), while hobbies are more__2__.

Watching TV or maybe a DVD continues to be the most __3__ form of home entertainment in the USA.According to US government statistics, watching TV was the leisure activity (休闲活动) that __4__ most time (2.8 hours per day), making up about half of all leisure time for those aged 15 and over.

__5__, such as visiting friends or chatting online, was the next most __6__ leisure activity, accounting for nearly three-quarters of an hour per day.

Men were more likely than women to be __7__ spectator sports (观赏性体育) — 21 per cent __8__ with a figure of 16 per cent for women.

Not __9__, on an average day, adults aged 75 and over spent 7.8 hours on leisure activities, more than any other age group.Because of the __10__ of work and managing a household, 35- to 44-year-old spent __11__ 4.3 hours on leisure activities, less than any other age group.

__12__ spent reading for personal interest and playing video games or using a computer for leisure __13__ greatly by age group.Individuals aged 75+ averaged 1.0 hour of reading per weekend day and 26 minutes playing games or using a computer for leisure.__14__, people aged 15 to 19 read for an average of only five minutes per weekend day, __15__ spending 1.0 hour playing games or using a computer for leisure.

This pattern is already beginning to __16__.Just a few years ago, computer games and visiting social networking sites like Facebook or MySpace were almost only a(n) __17__ activity.Now, __18__, more and more adults are finding that __19__ such games can be a wonderful way of __20__ after a hard day's work.

语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国人的家庭娱乐休闲方式。

1.A.manages B.starts

C.tends D.promises

解析:选C 此处是将“娱乐”与“爱好”进行对比,娱乐“趋向于(tends to)”被动,而爱好更“主动(active)”。

2.A.active B.pleasant

C.familiar D.mysterious

解析:选A 参见上题解析。

3.A.special B.funny

C.popular D.complex

解析:选C 由下文的“making up about half of all leisure time”可知,来自美国政府的数据显示看电视“占用(took up)”了15岁或以上人群一半的休闲时间,因此看电视或看DVD 是最受美国人“欢迎的(popular)”家庭休闲方式。

4.A.saved B.found

C.set up D.took up

解析:选D 参见上题解析。

5.A.Traveling B.Analyzing

C.Socializing D.Sightseeing

解析:选C “拜访朋友”和“在线聊天”都是“社交(Socializing)”活动。

6.https://www.360docs.net/doc/8b14219776.html,mon B.original

C.normal D.correct

解析:选A 由下文的“nearly three-quarters of an hour per day”可知,“社交活动”是紧随“看电视”之后的又一种最“常见的(commo n)”休闲活动。

7.A.tired of B.proud of

C.worried about D.interested in

解析:选D 21 per cent 与16 per cent 这两个数字形成“对比(compared)”,相较于女性,男性对观赏性体育更“感兴趣(interested in)”。

8.A.mixed B.compared

C.connected D.involved

解析:选B 参见上题解析。

9.A.luckily B.suddenly

C.surprisingly D.naturally

解析:选C 75岁或以上的老人用在休闲活动上的时间是每天7.8小时,这一点也不“令人惊讶(surprisingly)”。

10.A.future B.tastes

C.demands D.way

解析:选C 由下文的“less than any other age group”可知,由于工作和处理家庭事务方面的“需求(demands)”,35岁到44岁的人群用在休闲活动上的时间每天“只有(only)”4.3小时。

11.A.only B.even

C.still D.ever

解析:选A 参见上题解析。

12.A.Money B.Time

C.Effort D.Energy

解析:选B 由下文的数据“1.0 hour, 26 minutes, five minutes”可知,本段是指人们用在阅读和电脑游戏上的“时间(Time)”因年龄层次而有所“变化(varied)”。

13.A.spread B.varied

C.increased D.existed

解析:选B 参见上题解析。

14.A.In a word B.As a result

C.For example D.In contrast

解析:选D 本段对75岁以上的人群和15至19岁的人群用在阅读和电脑上的时间进行了对比,故此处用In contrast。

15.A.when B.while

C.though D.unless

解析:选B 15至19岁的人群每天的阅读时间只有5分钟,“而(while)”他们会花费1个小时玩游戏或电脑。

16.A.return B.continue

C.change D.develop

解析:选C 上文指出成年人用在游戏或电脑上的时间较年轻人少,但由下文的“more and more adults are finding that __19__ such games can be a wonderful way”可知,这种模式如今正在发生“改变(change)”。

17.A.youth B.private

C.adult D.public

解析:选 A 由上文的时间对比可知,几年前,玩游戏或上社交网络被认为是“年轻人(youth)”的活动。

18.A.besides B.however

C.therefore D.otherwise

解析:选B 由人们观念的变化可知,“以前成年人用在游戏和电脑上的时间少”和“越来越多的成年人发现‘玩(playing)’电子游戏是种不错的‘放松(relaxing)’方式”之间是转折关系,故用however。

19.A.collecting B.winning

C.playing D.organizing

解析:选C 参见上题解析。

20.A.learning B.working

C.recovering D.relaxing

解析:选D 参见第18题解析。

B

Many new parents worry about the sleep patterns of their newborns.They are __1__ that their babies sleep too much.The fact is that babies sleep and it is perfectly __2__.Here are some facts about babies and sleep that may help to put the minds of __3__ parents at ease.

The reality is that newborns sleep.There is not any cause for __4__ if the babies sleep through most of the night and __5__ sleep a great deal during the day.__6__ the baby sleep reaches up to twenty hours per day, with __7__ periods of wakefulness, there is no need to worry.

One of the __8__ that babies sleep a lot is that they are still adjusting to a new environment, and experiencing rapid __9__ at the same time.A lot of sleep for babies early on is a(n) __10__ thing.Proper development demands that babies __11__ a lot.Growth hormones (荷尔蒙) are produced by the pituitary gland (脑垂体) at a much faster rate while babies sleep.

Some parents __12__ that their babies' sleeping too much indicates some deficiency (缺陷) in their __13__ skills.This is not the case at all.As long as parents are making sure the baby is in a __14__ environment, is well-fed, is kept clean, and is held close during periods of __15__, there is no deficiency going on at all.Babies sleep because they __16__ it, not to escape parents who are inattentive or __17__ in some manner.Of course, as the child ages, parents will play a more active role in __18__ the child to develop sleeping patterns that are in line with the rest of the household, but that will come over __19__.Therefore, new parents should not conclude that they are __20__ to do a good job.

语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章为新手父母解开了婴儿嗜睡之谜。

1.A.concerned B.guilty

C.curious D.annoyed

解析:选A 根据上句中的“worry about”可知,新手父母“担心(concerned)”婴儿睡觉过多。

2.A.simple B.certain

C.special D.normal

解析:选D 根据第二段中的“The reality is that newborns sleep.”及“there is no need to worry”可知,婴儿嗜睡是很“正常的(normal)”。

3.A.strong-minded B.single-minded

C.full-time D.first-time

解析:选 D 根据第一段第一句中的“new parents”可知,本文主要是宽慰“第一次(first-time)”做父母的人。

4.A.alarm B.caution

C.complaint D.horror

解析:选A 根据上一句内容及本段末的“there is no need to worry”可知,不必因为婴儿几乎整夜睡觉,白天“仍然(still)”睡很长时间而“惊慌(alarm)”。

5.A.just B.seldom

C.still D.already

解析:选C 参见上题解析。

6.A.Every time B.Even if

C.Now that D.Soon after

解析:选B “即使(Even if)”婴儿的睡觉时间达到一天20个小时也不必担忧。

7.A.early B.late

C.long D.short

解析:选D 根据本空前的“twenty hours per day”可知,一天睡20个小时的话,清醒的时间应该很“短(short)”。

8.A.rules B.reasons

C.examples D.goals

解析:选B 本句中的“they are still adjusting to ...at the same time”是婴儿嗜睡的“原因(reasons)”之一。

9.A.growth B.increase

C.recovery D.formation

解析:选A 根据本段中的“development”,“Growth hormones (荷尔蒙)”及常识可知,婴儿的“成长(growth)”速度很快。

10.A.private B.good

C.interesting D.easy

解析:选B 根据本段最后一句内容可知,婴儿睡觉的时候,脑垂体分泌成长荷尔蒙的速度更快,因此早期的婴儿多睡觉是件“好(good)”事,婴儿的正常成长需要他们多“睡觉(sleep)”。

11.A.eat B.rest

C.sleep D.play

解析:选C 参见上题解析。

12.A.admit B.understand

C.realize D.think

解析:选D 一些家长“认为(think)”婴儿睡觉过多表明他们“育儿(parenting)”技能不足。

13.A.learning B.management

C.parenting D.communication

解析:选C 参见上题解析。

14.https://www.360docs.net/doc/8b14219776.html,fortable B.silent

C.separate D.natural

解析:选A 根据常识可知,婴儿需要待在“舒适的(comfortable)”环境中,当他们“醒着(wakefulness)”的时候,要把他们抱紧点。

15.A.wakefulness B.happiness

C.study D.exercise

解析:选A 参见上题解析。

16.A.love B.mean

C.need D.accept

解析:选C 根据上段内容可知,婴儿嗜睡是因为他们的成长“需要(need)”充足的睡眠。

17.A.inactive B.inadequate

C.inconvenient D.indifferent

解析:选B 根据本段中的“deficiency”及“inattentive”可知,这里指婴儿嗜睡不是为了躲避疏忽大意、“不胜任的(inadequate)”父母。

18.A.persuading B.helping

C.advising D.allowing

解析:选B 随着孩子慢慢长大,家长要积极“帮助(helping)”他们培养与全家人一致的睡眠模式。

19.A.time B.energy

C.patience D.practice

解析:选A 根据本句中的“as the child ages”可知,随着“时间(time)”的推移,等孩子们大一些,家长才需要培养孩子的睡眠模式。

20.A.continuing B.stopping

C.failing D.trying

解析:选C 根据本段中的“This is not the case at all.”及“there is no deficiency going on at all”可知,作者认为新手父母不应该认为自己“未能(failing)”做好为人父母应该做的工作。

C

Laziness is a state of inaction. It is something that you do, not something that you are. Being lazy means you have no __1__ to do anything. Many people are __2__ themselves to be someone who is lazy. In this article, I am going to __3__ with you something that will help you see this state of inaction in a(n) __4__ way.

Lazy people are often seen as useless. __5__, are they really being lazy or are they acting lazy? Acting lazy is suggesting that your laziness is __6__. But being lazy suggests that it lasts long. Many people are not really lazy; they __7__ are people who are temporarily acting that way.

So what __8__ a person to be inactive? The answer is a lack of goals. If you give someone a good enough __9__ to do something, he will do it. People who don't __10__ to do anything just haven't found a good enough reason to do it. __11__ students don't study because they don't see the __12__ in studying. If you give them a reason, a strong enough reason, they will take __13__. For example, if you are too lazy to go to the gym, would you go if someone __14__ you a million dollars to go? If you are too lazy to clean out the garage, would someone __15__ a gun to your head help you take action? The reason can be positive or negative __16__ it is strong enough to help you take action.

The bottom line of knowing how to __17__ laziness comes down to finding enough reasons to take action. Action will __18__ success while inaction will result in __19__. To motivate someone who is lazy, what you need to do is help him find enough __20__ to work towards a certain goal.

语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文,主要说明了懒惰是一种无所事事的状态,分析了懒惰的原因,并提出了相应的改进措施。

1.A.courage B.question

C.time D.motivation

解析:选D 根据语境可知,懒惰意味着你没有做任何事情的动力。也可根据文章最后一句

中的“To motivate someone who is lazy”推知,此处应选motivation,意为“动机,兴趣”。故选D。

2.A.agreeing B.denying

C.considering D.refusing

解析:选C 根据语境可知,许多人认为自己是个懒惰的人。consider sb. to be sth./sb.

为固定用法,意为“认为……是……”,符合语境。故选C。

3.A.argue B.share

C.compete D.compare

解析:选B 根据语境可知,此处表示,在此文中,“我”将与你分享一些东西让你认清这

种不作为的状态。share with为固定搭配,意为“与……分享”,符合语境。故选B。

4.A.different B.interesting

C.ordinary D.primary

解析:选A 根据下文所讲的内容可知,此处表示“以不同的方式”与你分享。A项意为“不同的”,符合语境。故选A。

5.A.Otherwise B.Besides

C.However D.Therefore

解析:选C 根据语境可知,懒惰的人常常被认为一无是处。然而,他们是真的懒惰还是表现得懒惰呢?前后表示转折,且用逗号隔开,故应用转折副词however连接。故选C。

6.A.correct B.false

C.temporary D.inspirational

解析:选 C 由“But”一词可知,此处应与下文“lasts long”形成对比,且与下文“temporarily acting that way”照应。故此处应指“暂时的”,C项符合语境。故选C。

7.A.simply B.occasionally

C.often D.hardly

解析:选A 根据语境可知,许多人并不是真的懒惰,他们只是暂时想懒散一下罢了。此处与上文中的“really”形成对比。A项意为“只是”,符合语境。故选A。

8.A.stops B.causes

C.discourages D.demands

解析:选B 根据下文“The answer is a lack of goals.”可知,此处指的应该是其原因,即是什么让一个人变得不作为呢?B项意为“引起”,符合语境。故选B。

9.A.worry B.gift

C.fear D.purpose

解析:选D 上文说一个人不作为是因为缺乏目标,此处表示如果你给某个人足够明确的目标去做些事情,他一定会去做。D项意为“目标”,符合语境。故选D。

10.A.want B.devote

C.take D.come

解析:选A 根据语境可知,不想做事的人只是没有找到一个足够好的理由去做事。A项意为“想要”,符合语境。故选A。

11.A.Hard-working B.Lazy

C.Young D.Confused

解析:选B 上文主要讲的是懒惰的人及其懒惰的原因。根据上下文可知,不学习的学生应该是懒惰的学生,故选B。

12.A.point B.success

C.situation D.difficulty

解析:选A 根据语境可知,懒惰的学生不学习是因为他们没有看出学习的意义。the point in doing sth.意为“做某事的意义”,符合语境。故选A。

13.A.part B.place

C.action D.control

解析:选C 根据语境可知,如果你给他们一个理由,一个有足够说服力的理由,他们肯定会采取行动。此处也与上文的“he will do it”相照应。take action为固定搭配,意为“采取行动”,符合语境。故选C。

14.A.lent B.owed

C.borrowed D.offered

解析:选D 句意为:比如,如果你太懒惰了以至于不想去体育馆,那么,有人主动给你一百万美元你愿意去吗?D项意为“主动提供”,符合语境。故选D。

15.A.firing B.pointing

C.shooting D.hiding

解析:选B 句意为:如果你太懒惰了以至于不愿意清理车库,那么,有人拿枪指着你的头会让你采取行动吗?point ... to意为“把……指向……”,符合语境。故选B。

16.A.so that B.as soon as

C.in spite of D.as long as

解析:选D 根据语境可知,无论原因是积极主动的还是消极被动的,只要理由充分,就足以让你采取行动。D项意为“只要,如果”,引导条件状语从句,符合语境。故选D。

17.A.win B.fight

C.overcome D.ban

解析:选C 上文分析了懒惰的表现和原因,文章最后一段讲的是如何克服懒惰情绪。根据语境可知,此处应表示如何克服懒惰,归根结底是要找到足够的理由采取行动。C项意为“克服”,符合语境。故选C。

18.A.result from B.fight for

C.ask for D.lead to

解析:选D 根据语境以及逻辑关系可知,行动会带来成功。D项意为“导致,引起”,符合语境。故选D。

19.A.influence B.failure

C.pressure D.happiness

解析:选B 根据语境可知,此处应与上半句中的“success”形成对比,表示“不作为将会导致失败”。B项意为“失败”,符合语境。故选B。

20.A.reasons B.money

C.energy D.confidence

解析:选A 根据语境可知,为了激发懒惰的人,你需要做的就是帮助他找到足够的理由朝着目标奋斗。A项意为“理由”,在上文也多次出现,符合语境。故选A。

2018届高考英语词汇词性转换

2018届高三常用词词性转换及派生 词义动词v. 名词n. 形容词adj. 反义词其他派生词使能够enable ability/disability able disable disabled/unable 不正常的abnormal normal 缺席absence absent 学术的academy academic 加速accelerate acceleration 接受accept acceptance acceptable unacceptabl e 接进access access accessible 住宿accommoda te accommodation 积累accumulate accumulation 陪伴accompany company 精确的accuracy accurate inaccurate 达到,获得achieve achievement achievable 获得,习得acquire acquisition 表演,行动act action /act /activity active inactive actual/actually 适应,改编adapt adaptation 增加,add addition additional

足够adequacy adequate 调整/使适 应 adjust adjustment 敬佩admire admiration admirable 承认admit admission 收养,采纳adopt adoption adopted 前进advance advance advanced 好处advantage disadvantag e 事故accident accidentally 使上瘾addict addition addicted /addictive addict 做广告advertise advertisement advertiser 影响,打动affect effect 机构agent agency 侵略,侵犯aggression aggressive aggressor 农业agriculture agricultural 同意agree agreement agreeable disagree disagreement 分配allocate allocation 允许allow allowance allowable 使吃惊amaze amazement amazing/am azed

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