卷扬机说明书
卷扬机设计计算说明书
哈尔滨工业大学（卷扬机动力总成设计计算说明书）院系专业年级设计者学号指导教师成绩2013年1月5日设计题目：设计卷扬机动力总成：见附录设计条件：1.载重=1600N；2.钢丝绳速=1.5m/s；3.卷筒直径=300mm；4.钢丝直径=3.5mm设计工作量：绘制出总装配图一张，标注有关尺寸，填写标题栏及零件明细表；编写设计计算说明书一份。
1.前期计算1.1输出功率：PW=F×V=1600×1.2÷1000=1.92 KW1.2求输入功率：经过查表得到各部件的传动效率：联轴器： 0.99带轮： 0.96链轮： 0.97球轴承： 0.99滚子轴承： 0.99卷筒： 0.97 这样可以算出总效率是η=0.994×0.992×0.97×0.96×0.97=0.850所以P（输入）=PW/η=2.26 KWP 需要 = K A P （输入）=2.94 KW1.3选电机经过查机械设计手册，选取合适的电机，选取的电机是型号为Y132S-6 的三相异步电机。
n 输出 =60v/（2πr ）=60×1.2/2π(150+1.75)×103=75.5r/min所以i 总 =960/75.5=12.7根据i 总 =i 低×i 而i 低和i 高 都在3~7之间， 取i 低=3 则i 高=4.232.带传动设计：带型选择表带轮直径选择表型号 额定功 率满载时 轴径 转动惯 量转速 电流 效率Y132S-63kw960r/mi n3.65A 79%380.0021kg.m 22.1确定直径：取小带轮是d1=100 mm，大带轮是d2=423 mm。
由上表圆整为450mm2.2 确定中心距：一般情况下 0.7（dd1+dd2）≤a0≤2(dd1+dd2)所以 385mm≤a0≤1100mm取a=500mm2.3计算带长：Ld0 ≈2a+π/2(d1+d2)+(d2-d1)2/4a得出Ld0≈1925mm 由教材表8-2取 Ld0=2000mm2.4计算实际中心矩a及变动范围：a=a0+（Ld-Ld0）/2=537.5mm考虑到带轮的制造的误差、带长误差、带的弹性以及因带的松弛而产生的补充张紧的需要，常给出的中心矩的变动范围：amin=a-0.015Ld=507.5mmamax=a+0.03Ld=597.5mm2.5验算小带轮的包角α1：小带轮上的包角α1小于大带轮的包角α2.小带轮上的摩擦力相应地小于大带轮上的摩擦力。
5吨电动卷扬机设计说明书
对大型卷扬机安装了电器连锁装置，以保证绝对安全可靠。
3.发展手提式卷扬机为提高机械化水平，减轻工人劳动强度，国外大力发展小型手提式卷扬机，如以汽车蓄电池为动力的直流电动小型卷扬机，其电压为12 V,质量为7.7—15.4 kg,拉力为3336—13344 N。
4.大力发展不带动力源装置的卷扬机欧美国家非常重视发展借助汽车和拖拉机动力的卷扬机。
此种卷扬机结构简单，有一个卷筒和一个变速箱即可。
第1章卷扬机的设计参数本设计卷扬机设计的主要参数有：额定起升重量：5吨起升高度：14米起升速度：12.5米/分卷扬机用途：用于5吨桥式吊车起升机构工作条件：频繁启动粉尘量大设计的主要要求：本设计为有轨运行机构；电动机轴到减速器高速轴山齿轮链接盘连接: 起升机构的制动器必须采用常闭式的；制动力矩应保证有足够的制动安全系数。
第2章卷扬机的整体结构概述§2.1电动卷扬机基本结构电动卷扬机III于操作方法不同，其结构相差很大。
我们将其分为电控卷扬机和溜放型卷扬机两类。
§2.1.1电控卷扬机此类卷扬机通过通电或断电以实现卷扬机的工作或制动。
物料的提升或下降曲电动机的正反转来实现，操作简单方便。
其制动型式主要有电磁铁制动器和锥形转子电动机两类，下面就这两种制动型式卷扬机的常见类型作介绍。
此类卷扬机大多是单卷筒的。
§2.1.2带有电磁铁制动器的卷扬机1.圆柱齿轮减速器快速卷扬机，如图2-1。
图2-1圆柱齿轮减速器快速卷扬机简图1 —电动机2—联轴器3—制动器4—减速器5—联轴器6—卷筒7—底座8—支架2.蜗杆减速器慢速卷扬机。
3.圆柱齿轮减速器加开式齿轮传动的卷扬机，如图2-2。
图2-2圆柱齿轮减速器加开式齿轮传功的卷场机简图1 —电动机2—联轴器3—制动器4—减速器5—开式齿轮传动6—卷筒4.蜗杆减速器加开式齿轮传动的卷扬机。
对一些起重量大的卷扬机，为使钢丝绳在卷简上排列整齐，需要安装排绳器。
卷扬机通用说明书-英文
I、OverviewThe Winch, has passed testing and inspecting of the authoritative departments and obtained license for production of construction winch issued by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine in China. The quality of winch conforms to the standard of GB/T 1955-2008 construction winch. Issued by the national quality supervision and inspection and Quarantine Bureau of industrial products production license, license number: XK21-004-00214.Construction winch is used for operations such as winching and towing heavy things, erecting equipment, piles driving, and coldly pulling reinforcing steel bar in such industries as constructions, metallurgy, mines, weight lifting. The working surroundings to which the winch is applicable are: temperature -10℃～+40℃ ( when surrounding temperature is below 00C, before start-up, lubricating oil should be heated up), humidity ≤85%，altitude below 1000m, no fire and explosion accident and so on. It uses 380V，50Hz, 3-phase alternating current power supply and ±5% tolerable voltage difference. Working grades of winch in use are M4 or M5; when increasing every grade working grade, its rated pull should correspondingly reduce 20%.Method indicating types of winch:Examples of method indicating types of winch:Single reeling drum fast speed winch with 32kN steel wire rope’s rated pullWinch JK3.2 GB/T1955-2008Single reeling drum slow speed winch with 50kN steel wire rope’s rated pullWinch JM5 GB/T1955-2008II、Structure and Working PrincipleStructure Figure maps of JK fast speed winch and JM slow speed winch can be seen in Figure 1 and Figure 2 respectively. Electrically-controlled winch implements its operations or braking through connecting or disconnecting power supply. When connecting electrical source, band-type brake of normally-closed brake（3）arrester will loose; electromotor（1）starts up; Then shaft coupling（2）drives speed retarder（5）; After reducing the speed of the speed retarder, through the drive of connecting tray（6）or open-style gear wheel（6）, the reeling drum（7）starts to work. When stopping machine, disconnect electrical source and normally-closed brake arrester will hold the braking wheel to make the reeling drum stop revolving, then the winch stops its running. Rising or falling of materials is reached through clockwise revolving and counterclockwise revolving.1-motor 2-shaft coupling 3-brake 4-cam control 5-decelerator 6-inner gear connecting tray 7-reeling drum 8-chassis 1-motor 2- shaft coupling 3- brake 4- cam control 5- deceleraror 6-open-style gear wheel 7-reeling drum 8-chassisFigure 1 JK type electrically-controlled fast speed winch Figure Figure 2 JM type electrically-controlled slow speed winch FigureIII、Technical Parameters tableDiameter（mm）Φ21.5 Φ21.5 Φ26 Φ26 Φ30Electromoto r Type YZR160L-6YZR160L-6 YZR180L-6YZR180L-6 YZR200L-6Power（kW）11 11 15 15 22Brake arrester YWZ B-300/45 YWZ B-300/45YWZ B-300/90YWZ B-300/90 YWZ B-300/90Appearance measurements(length×width × height) 1235×1230×8051620×1260×9451075×1598×9852090×1475×9562090×1475×956Weight of entire machine（kg）1560 1800 2650 2900 3000IV、Installation and Testing1. When installing, dismantling and moving the winch, it is necessary to keep stable and being not overly oblique without any clashes and fierce vibration.2. Installation of winchIts installation should be completed by professionals. The ground for installing the winch should be leveled off and much solid. The connection between winch and base should be reliable.2.1 When mobile using, fix the winch to timber sleepers block, and reliably and tightly connect timber block and chassis to ground anchor with steel wire rope. Be aware of avoiding any looseness.（See Figure 3）Figure 3 horizontal ground anchorSteel wire rope Steel wire ropeRound bar WinchThis installing method is suitable to winch being less than 3 tons. Concrete measurements forinstallation need to refer to such conditions as soil quality, soil specific gravity and earth stamina, and are determined by ground anchor standard pictures appropriate to local use.2.2 When using in a fixed place, make concrete groundwork, and find the horizontal lines by using a gradienter, and leave in advance a square-type hole with a section of 20x20(cm 2) （See Figure 4）; number of hole is decided by foundation bolt of the winch(see Figure 4).At first, fixing the foundation bolt, then inject concrete into holes; after ossifying, evenly tighten the nuts. If there are rooms between chassis and lower interface, add adjusting mat so as to prevent partly deforming of chassis. Hole depth of foundation should be determined according to local geological condition and type of winch(L,L1 value in the table only for reference).Figure 4 Layout Figure of concrete foundation boltType Parameter JK0.5 JK1 JK1.6 JK2 JK3.2 JK5 JK8 A(mm) 667 667 956 956 1270 1560 1550 B(mm) 420 420 560 560 900 1090 1218 C(mm) 0 0 0 0 0 545 579 n-d(mm) 4×Φ14 4×Φ14 4×Φ17 4×Φ17 4×Φ22 6×Φ25 6×Φ32 L1(mm) 400 400 450 450 600 700 850 L(mm) 350 350 300 300540640780TypeParameter JM1 JM1.6 JM2 JM3.2(4-bearing style) JM3.2(open-style gear wheel) A(mm)667956956968920motor central lined e c e l e r a t o r c e n t r a l l i n eReeling drum central line2.3 The running direction of steel wire rope of the winch usually is horizontal; the direction of running rope is in accordance with actual situation, from the underside of reeling drum or other directions. The deviation angle αvalue of horizontal reeling and extending of steel wire rope must in conformity with stipulations in Table 1. L value should normally equal 20 times Bt width of reeling drum, but ensuring αvalue to be in line with Table 1, and the location of guiding pulley (see Table 2)to be on vertical bisector (see Figure 5). The ratio of Pitch diameter of all pulleys and diameter of steel wire rope should be less than stipulations in Table 2.2.4 The winch working in the air should be sheltered by a rainproof canopy, which can ’t obstruct operators ’ eyesight and operators should be able to see the commanders and dragging objects. 2.5 Metal shells of structure and electrical devices of the winch should be evenly connected to the earth. Earth connecting resistance should not more than 4Ω.Choosing and installing of earth connecting devices should conform to stipulations of GB/T232. 2.6 When used for winching heavy things, the winch should be fixed with ascending overtravel limit switch.2.7 Notch panel type pulley is prohibited from using when choosing guiding pulley.2.8 The safety circling number of steel wire rope on reeling drum shouldn ’t be less than 3 circles. The end of steel wire rope should be reliably fixed. In order to ensure safety the distance from outside layer of steel wire rope to outside edge of side board of reeling drum should not be less than steel wire rope ’s diameter.2.9 The connection area between brake block andbrake wheel shouldn ’t be less than 80% of the total area. When loosening braking, the brake block mustbe completely separated from braking, and maintain certain clearance. The value of clearance are 1～2.5mm between brake strap and brake wheel, 0.25～1mm between brake block and brake wheel.V 、Choosing of Steel Wire Rope1. Steel wire rope used for winch should conform to stipulations of GB/T20118 and linear contact lay wire rope should be a priority for use. Safety parameter of steel wire rope (specific value between minimum breaking force of steel wire rope and rated load of winch) shouldn ’t be less than Ka value stipulated in Table 3.Table 3 Safety parameter Ka of steel wire rope Grade of workingM1M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 Safety parameter Ka3.15 3.353.554.04.55.67.19.02. The size of pulley rope slot should be about 10% more than nominal diameter of steel wire rope.3. Steel wire rope should have good lubrication; usually adopt lubricating oil with moderate and lowReeling drumGuiding rope pulley Figure 5viscidity; domestically-made oil for steel wire rope is recommended for use.4. In the environment of outdoor, humidity and erosion medium existing, choose galvanized steel wire rope.5. If finding one of the following cases, please use new wire rope.5.1 Surface layer wire diameter of steel wire rope was worn down and erosion rate is up to 40% of its original diameter.5.2 Diameter of steel wire rope has reduced 7%.5.3 Stranded or broken wire is discovered.5.4 The core cord of the entire steel wire rope has been squeezed out.5.5 For any things not detailed, inspect and discard as useless according to stipulations of GB/T 5972. VI、Regulations for OperationPreparation:1. Construction winch should be operated by workers who have been well-trained and are familiar with regulations for safe operation.2. Check out oil quantity and purity in speed retarder and brake arrester and see if there is oil in all lubricating parts (see page 9, Table for machine lubricating scope)3.Confirm the type, scope applied, working grade, rated load, rated speed, rope capacity etc. of the winch are in conformity with conditions for using. Overloading is strictly prohibited.4. Check if steel wire rope has been fixed reliably, and if there are stranded or broken threads in steel wire rope.5. If the electrical device consists of motor, control box and alternating current cam controller, handlebar should be placed on “0”positon.6. Before operating winch, firstly make a test-run for 5 minutes. After satisfying the following requirements, normal operation can be conducted.6.1 Brake is smooth and steady, safe and reliable; its actions are accurate and flexible (regulating method of brake arrester can be seen in detail in users’ manual of brake arrester.6.2 Actions of all driving parts and gliding parts are flexible without such phenomena as overly big noise and being stuck.6.3 No any looseness in all linked partsOperation:1. Turn on electrical source, according needed direction, turn the handwheel of cam control; after running of electromotor is smooth and steady, and turn to next position, up to maximum gear.2.Under normal circumstances, to stop the machine just needs to rotate the brake arrester to“0”position; at that time, resistor’s resistance will be gradually added to rotor circuit, rotating speed of electromotor will decrease, hydraulic pressure brake arrester starts to work, and then main device stops running.3．When in use of weight lifting electrical device, cam control can’t regulate speed; it only can be usedto switch resistance buffer start and can’t work on lower gear; it is required to regularly inspect dampproof condition of the electrical device. Principle drawing of electrical device can be seen in Appendix 2Requirements for use:1. The voltage of motor shouldn’t exceed 5% of rated value. The electromotor cannot be used in exceeding its continuous electric connection rate and maximum number of starting up.2. Don’t connect the braking reversely; when wanting to realize humping placement, don’t manually open the power-controlled brake controller.3. When the winch is in the state of working, operators cannot be off the operating position.4. Do not take the liberty of transforming the winch.5. Maximum load, withstood by datum layer and steel wire rope in various layers within datum layer, is the rated load. Maximum load, withstood by steel wire rope in various levels outside the benchmark level, is less than rated load. For added one layer, the pull force will relatively reduce 10% of rated pull force.6. When operating the host, steel wire rope can’t be dragged running on the ground; if necessary, install supporting roller or grooved roller. When steel wire rope crosses driveways, protective devices should be added so as to avoid persons treading on it and cars crushing on it. It is prohibited for people to cross the running steel wire rope or pass before the winch. Carrying workers on the site by the winch is not allowed.7. When winching by using many winchs, traction speed and weightlifting capability of winchs must be identical. United directing, united action and synchronized operation are necessary.8．During operation, operators should focus all their attentions on working and strictly follow the rules for operation, and, under urgent and risky circumstances, immediately stop their operation against risk signals like crying and calling send out by any people. After making clear the situations, continue their operations.9. When such phenomena as abnormal mechanism, abnormal sound, failure of braking, sharply rising of bearing temperature, etc. has occurred in winch operation, immediately stop running for inspect and repair and remove breakdowns.10. The steel wire rope should be neat and tidy. When overlapping or oblique winding is found, stop the machine to cope with it. When in revolving, pulling or treading on steel wire rope by hand or feet are strictly prohibited.11. When winching heavy things but keeping load for a longer time, please close the stop stopper; before running the machine again, loosen the stop stopper.12. If running the machine with heavy things, Braking by using stop stopper is strictly prohibited, use brake and gradually add force for braking. If adding force abruptly and forcefully, the machine will be possibly damaged.13. After ending work, heavy things must be placed on the ground; hanging heavy things in the air is not allowed.14. Before getting off duty, clean and maintain the winch, cut off the power supply and lock the switch box.VII、Repair and Maintenance1. The driving part of the winch such as reeling drum bearing, hinge of brake arrester and shaft pin of various parts, should be added some lubricant once before each shift’s operation. Every 48 hours of operation by using steel wire rope, the guiding pulley should be lubricated once. The height reached by lubricating oil surface in decelerator box should be within the scope of dipstick; under normal circumstance, check it once every week, and replace it once every half a year.2. After the winch’s running for 300 hours, carry out grade 1 maintenance, lubricate the entire machine again, check and adjust the brake , check the decelerator and replace with or add new lubricating oil to the height designated of oil surface.3. After the winch’s running for an accumulative working of 600 hours, carry out grade 2 maintenance and measure insulated resistance of electromotor; check the state of wearing down for rubbed surface, all involving parts, and rubber loop of connecting parts; check the state of all parts of gear wheel bearing and electrical components. If affecting the use of machine, please replace them at once.4. Every day, running of winch should be recorded in the list for recording running state; the contents of recording daily include working hours and load, and inspection, repair, adjustment and so on.5. Inspection and maintenance of winch should in conformity with the following regulations.5.1 The winch should have everyday inspection and regular inspection. Cycle, items, method and standard of inspection should according to regulations in appendix 1. When frequently using or using ina special place or environment, inspection of winch should add other items.5.2 Inspection, maintenance and repair should be implemented by professionals.5.3 During inspection and repair, pay attention to people’s safety. Apart from items for inspection or repair carried out necessarily in a state of starting up, inspection and repair of other items must be carried out after discharging load, shutting off power supply and locking up the power switch. The items for inspection and repair in a state of starting up, should be carried out at least by two people; one person among them should take charge of watching for safety of the other personnel, and be able to immediately stop the winch’s running under any special circumstances.5.4 After maintenance and repair, please inspect the winch according to inspecting items stipulated in Appendix 1.5.5 After the winch reached the aggregate working hours identified according to its using conditions, it should not be continuously used6. When transporting and maintaining, the winch should be placed in a dry locality. Good dampproof and antisepticising measures should be applied to all parts of it.7. When not using the winch for a long-term period, cut off its power supply; it should be kept in a place which is dry, ventilating, rainproof and without caustic gases; and appropriate antirust disposal should be applied to it.8. If one of the following cases occurs, reeling drum should be discarded as useless.8.1 Cracks or broken edge8.2 The wear abrasion amount of the husk thickness of reeling drum has reached 10% of original thickness.9. Parts of brake and clutch should be replaced if one of the following occurs.9.1 Cracks have occurred on any parts.9.2 The wear abrasion degree for friction liner of brake arrester has reached 50% of its original thickness.9.3 The wear abrasion degree of brake wheel has been up to 2～3mm. (Big diameter is opposed to big value, small diameter to small value)9.4 Plastic deformations related to spring9.5 The wear abrasion degree of shaft pin and shaft hole diameter has been up to 5% of its original diameter.9.6 Elastic components has been damaged or severely worn down.10. When one of the following cases occurs, driving wheel should be replaced.10.1 Cracks or broken gear teeth10.2 Gear surface rippling has reached 30% of field of conjugate action, and 10% of original gear thickness.10.3 The percentage of wear abrasion degree to original gear thickness has reached the following value: 10.3.1 Closed-style gear wheel driving: 10% (grade 1); 20% (other grades)10.3.2 Open-style gear wheel driving: 30%VIII、Common Breakdowns and Handling MethodIX、Table for machine lubricating scopeX、Spare partsSerial No. Names Raw material Quantity Connected parts1 Rubber loop polyurethane 20 shaft coupling2 seal ring Oil resistant rubber 4 gearbox3 Brake shoe 1pair brake4 Carbon brush 1set motor5 bearing 2 Drum support6 Brake tank 1 brakeSpare parts imageSerial No. Names Picture for reference1 Rubber loop2 seal ring3 Brake shoe4 Carbon brush5 bearing6 Brake tankAppendix 1 Cycle, item, method and standard for examinationExamining period Items examined Examiningmethod Examining standardEveryday Onemonth Threemonths1 year√Label Eyeing Make sure thatthe label isreliably fixed √Steel wire rope’s runningrope deviation angleEyeing、MeasuringMake sure thatit conforms tostipulations intable 1√Tightening of base frameand various partsExamining thefixed boltConfirming thatit is not loose√Electricalsystem OperatingswitchCheck switch’sactionConfirming thatactions arenormal√Wiring Check the Confirming thatAppendix 2 Electrical device ’s principle drawing1、Controlling principle drawing for Y series electromotor electrical device2、Controlling principle drawing for YZR weightlifting electromotor electrical deviceNote ：Z ：brake KT ：Cam controller RT ：ResistorFalling backwardFalling backward Rising forward Rising forward。
卷扬机说明书
摘要卷扬机又称绞车。
是起重垂直运输机械的重要组成部分，配合井架、桅杆、滑轮组等辅助设备，用来提升物料、安装设备等作业，由人力或机械动力驱动卷筒、卷绕绳索来完成牵引工作的装置。
垂直提升、水平或倾斜曳引重物的简单起重机械。
分手动和电动两种。
现在以电动卷扬机为主。
本次设计的5吨电动卷扬机是由电动机、连轴器、制动器、减速器、卷筒、导向滑轮、起升滑轮组、吊钩等组成。
本次设计的步骤是从钢丝绳开始入手，然后依次对卷扬机的卷筒、卷筒心轴、电动机、减速器齿轮、减速器轴、制动器、联轴器以及卷筒机的导向滑轮设计与选取。
其中卷筒、卷筒轴、卷筒毂、减速器的设计最为主要，本设计重点做了介绍，其余部分有得只是略作分析。
本次设计的卷筒机由于它结构简单、搬运安装灵活、操作方便、维护保养简单、对作业环境适应能力强等特点，可以应用于冶金起重、建筑、水利作业等方面，但是此次设计的卷筒机主要运用于用于5吨桥式吊车起升机构。
提升重物是卷扬机的一种主要功能，各类卷扬机的设计都是根据这一要求为依据的。
关键词：卷扬机，卷筒，卷筒轴，减速器AbstractAlso known the hoist another name is winch. Vertical lifting transport machinery is an important component of the tie in with the derrick, mast, pulley blocks, and auxiliary equipment, used to enhance the materials, installation of equipment operations, from human or mechanical power-driven drum, winding traction rope to complete the installation work. Vertical, horizontal or inclined simple tractor Lifting heavy objects. Two types of the hoist are manual and electric two kinds. and Now to the main electric winch. The design of the 5-ton electric hoist motor contions electromotor 、coupling、arrester、retarder、drum、boom sheave 、a system of pulleys set、hook, etc..This design of hoist is start from the wire rope, and next then turn on the winch drum, drum spindle, motor, gear reducer, speed reducer shaft, brakes, couplings and pulley drum machine-oriented design and selection. On drum, drum shaft, drum hub, most major reducer design, the design are focus introduced, and the rest is just a little something for analysis.The design of the drum machine because of its simple structure, handling the installation of a flexible, convenient operation, simple maintenance, and operating environment features such as adaptability, can be applied to lifting metallurgical, construction, operations and other water conservancy, but the design mainly applied to the drum machine for 5-ton overhead crane hoisting mechanism. Heavy winch upgrade is one of the mainfunctions of the design of various types of winches are based on based on this request.KEY WORDS: hoist；drum; drum shaft; retarder目录前言 (2)1 绪论 (4)1.1卷扬机的分类、特性及常见类型 (4)1.2 国内外卷扬机发展概况 (7)1.3 卷扬机的结构概述 (13)2 卷扬机方案设计 (21)2.1卷扬机的设计参数 (21)2.2电动机选择 (21)2.3减速器的设计计算 (23)3小车行走机构设计 (33)3.1 轨道 (33)3.2 车轮与车轮组 (33)3.3 车轮直径的计算 (34)4卷扬机主要零零部件的设计 (36)4.1 钢丝绳的选择 (36)4.2 卷筒的结构设计及尺寸确定 (40)4.3 卷筒轴的设计计算 (45)4.4 制动器，联轴器的选择 (51)5卷扬机使用时的注意事项 (53)结论 (55)致谢 (56)参考文献 (57)前言随着社会的发展，机械将会越来越取代人力，这也是机械行业飞速发展的后果，在机械的发展历史中，新机械的发明有着举足轻重的作用。
JM4F.4.520(秦冶金镜向)卷扬机说明书
四吨慢动卷扬机一、机器的用途：四吨慢动卷扬机适用于机器和大型结构及冶金设备的安装及土木建筑工程中用来起卸或拖曳重物。
二、主要技术性能：1、产品型号 JM4F.4.5202、钢丝绳额定拉力 40kN3、钢丝绳额定速度 4.5m/min4、卷筒直径 350 mm5、卷筒宽度 500mm6、总传动比 2037、钢丝绳规格6×19W+FC—15.5—17708、卷筒容绳量20m9、钢丝绳缠绕层数1层10、电动机型号 Y2-160L—8功率7.5kW转数 720r/min电压 380V11、制动器YWZ3B-250/2512、主令控制器DXZ（I=1:78）13、机器外形尺寸（长×宽×高） 1428×1340×838 mm14、机器重量（包括电气）约808kg三、 机器结构：本机器由机座、蜗轮减速机、传动齿轮、卷筒、制动器和电器等部分构成，全部机件安装在机座上。
电动机通过弹性联轴器经蜗轮减速机和一级开式园柱正齿轮带动卷筒旋转缠绕钢丝绳，钢丝绳应由卷筒下方绕出。
本机器采用液压制动器，能自动制动。
电器全部安装在电器箱内。
机器的全部动作是由按扭控制，操作简单方便。
本机带有手摇装置，电机驱动时应绝对保证摇把与减速器轴头的完全脱离。
四、 机器的操作和注意事项：1、工作前先检查重物之重量，应在机器性能规定的范围内，再检查钢丝绳及其捆扎情况。
并在减速箱内注油。
2、检查机器的固定及各部联接的牢固性，并检查电器接线及接地的正确性。
3、制动器的灵敏度可按照制动器说明书中规定的方法调整完成。
4、落下重物时为防止钢丝绳张力松懈，在卷筒上缠绕的钢丝绳应不少于三圈。
5、应定期加油或换油。
工作前应空转3~5分钟。
机器润滑范围表编号润滑部位名称部位润滑方法润滑剂润滑期限1 制动器各活动轴 8 用油壶注油 HJ—40 每班一次2 减速机蜗杆轴承 2 旋盖式油杯加油3号润滑脂每班一次3 减速机内 1 箱内换油 HL20—30 每季一次4 铜套、铜瓦处5 旋盖式油杯加油3号润滑脂每班一次5 传动齿轮齿面在齿面涂油3号润滑脂每班一次在工作面涂油3号润滑脂视需而定6 卷筒表面 1用沾油的布擦绳3号润滑脂每周一次7 钢丝绳 1天津华天传动设备有限公司产品出厂合格证明书产品名称：四吨慢速卷扬机产品型号：JM4F.4.520出厂编号：本机经检验：拉力、绳速、齿轮接触斑点，刹车下滑量、工作电压、电流及摩擦部位温度，均符合GB/T（1955—2002）《建筑卷扬机》的相关规定。
JK8F.2508(加长卷筒)卷扬机说明书
JK8F.2508 单筒快速卷扬机一、按用户要求设计制造二、主要技术性能1、拉力 80kN2、额定速度1-25m/min3、卷筒底径Ф664mm4、卷筒宽度 1232 mm5、总速比i=806、钢丝绳规格6×37+FC—26—17707、容绳量 80m（1层）8、减速机 ZSY 280-80-Ⅴ-T9、制动器2-YWZ3B—315/9010、电动机型号 YZP250M2-6 S3 40% IP54功率 45kW额定转速 982r/min电压 380V11、主令：LKT812、机器外廓尺寸（长×宽×高）2625×2214×99113、机器重量约2980kg三、机器的结构本机由电动机、联轴器、制动器、减速机、卷筒、松绳装置及底盘等组成。
电机经联轴器、减速机驱动卷筒旋转并缠绕钢丝绳。
钢丝绳应从卷筒上方水平向外出绳。
本机采用双制动装置；采用YZP系列起重电机。
四、机器的操作和注意事项1、工作前，先检查重物之重量应在机器拉力范围以内，检查钢丝绳及其捆扎情况。
2、检查机器的固定及各部联接的牢固性，电器接线及接地的正确性，以及在减速机内注油。
3、检查控制开关，闭合闸刀，按下启动按扭，机器开始运转，按停止按扭，电机停止转动，同时制动器自动刹车。
4、落下重物时，防止钢丝绳张力松懈，在卷筒上保留的钢丝绳不少于三圈。
5、按要求定期加油换油，工作前应空转3—5分钟。
机器润滑范围1、制动器各连杆活动轴（用油壶注油）HJ—30（视需而定）2、轴承（旋盖式油杯）Ⅲ号润滑油脂（每班一次）3、减速机内（箱内换油）齿轮油HL20冬、HL30夏（每季一次）4、卷筒表面（在工作表面涂油）Ⅲ号润滑油脂（视需而定）5、钢绳（用沾油的布擦油）Ⅲ号润滑油脂（视需而定）6、电动机轴承（向滚珠轴承体壳注油）Ⅲ号润滑油脂（视需而定）天津华天传动设备有限公司产品出厂合格证明书产品名称：八吨单筒快速卷扬机产品型号： JK8F.2508出厂编号：本机经检验：拉力、绳速，刹车下滑量、工作电压、电流及摩擦部位温度，均符合GB/T 1955—2002《建筑卷扬机》的相关规定。
卷扬机说明书
目录前言 (2)一、传动方案的拟定及说明 (3)二、电动机的选择 (4)2.1 、选择电动机的类型 (4)2.2 、选择电动机的容量 (4)2.3 、确定电动机的转速 (4)三、计算传动装置以及动力参数 (5)3.1、传动比的计算与分配 (5)3.2、传动和动力参数计算 (5)四、蜗轮蜗杆设计计算 (6)4.1蜗杆蜗轮参数设计计算 (6)4.3蜗轮蜗杆尺寸总结 (8)五、轴的设计计算 (10)5.1 高速轴(蜗杆轴)的设计计算 (10)5.2 低速轴的设计计算 (11)六、键联接的选择及校核计算 (13)七、滚动轴承的选择及计算 (14)7.1 高速轴上轴承的选择及校核 (14)7.2 高速轴上轴承的选择及校核 (14)八、联轴器的选择 (16)8.1、电动机与高速轴之间的联轴器 (16)8.2、低速轴与卷筒之间的联轴器 (16)九、减速器箱体尺寸及结构的确定 (17)9.1 箱体尺寸的设计 (17)9.2 箱体各部件结构的设计 (18)十、参考文献 (200)前言经过在2011年6月13日-2011年7月1日为期三周的机械设计课程设计，终于完成了这项宏大的工程。
在这为期三周的设计中，使我们了解到课程设计是考察学生全面在掌握基本理论知识的重要环节，根据学院的教学环节，。
本次是设计一个卷扬机减速器，减速器是用于电动机和工作机之间的独立的闭式传动装置。
本减速器属单级蜗杆减速器（电机——联轴器——减速器——联轴器——带式运输机），在袁逸萍老师指导下独立完成的。
该课程设计内容包括：任务设计书，参数选择，传动装置总体设计，电动机的选择，运动参数计算，蜗轮蜗杆传动设计，蜗杆、蜗轮的基本尺寸设计，蜗轮轴的尺寸设计与校核，减速器箱体的结构设计，减速器其他零件的选择，减速器的润滑等和装配图A0图纸一张、零件图A3图纸4张（包括蜗杆轴与蜗轮）。
设计参数的确定和方案的选择通过查询有关资料所得。
该减速器的设计基本上符合生产设计要求，限于作者初学水平，错误及不妥之处望老师批评指正。
卷扬机动力总成计算说明书
卷扬机设计说明书学院：机械工程学院班级：姓名：学号：2015年月日卷扬机动力总成计算说明书110.12(0.5050.06990140-zd z d +︒︒链轮齿的基本参数和尺寸：121.6 1.250.80.625180cot 1.040.76d p p d z p h z ⎫⎪⎭⎫+-+=-滚子链轴向齿廓尺寸：63.320.0162g K h h dd h d +<++<2.根据轴向定位的要求确定轴的各段直径和长度(1)为了满足半联轴器的轴向定位，1-2段轴的右端需要设计轴肩（其中d1-2=30mm），；半联轴器与轴配合的毂孔长度L1=60mm，故取l1-2=58mm。
由于此处无轴向力，因此采用深沟球轴承6308，内径为40mm,外径为90mm,轴承的宽度为23mm。
l3-4=40mm, V带轮的轮毂宽度为39mm，l取2~3mm，因此l4-5=36mm。
轴肩段l5-6=10mm，l6-7=46mm轴的直径d和d1,d3和d4,d4和d5形成的轴肩，直径的变化值要大些，根据经验公式d’=d+（3~4）C1可计算该处的直径差。
在d1和d2，d2和d3的直径差取1~3mm即可。
因此，轴的直径从左往右依次是d=32mm, d1=38mm, d2=40mm,d3=42mm,d4=48mm,d5=40mm3.轴上零件的周向定位与配合带轮和半联轴器与轴的周向定位均采用普通平键连接。
查阅普通平键的参数表可知，半联轴器端平键的截面b*h=10*8，L=56mm,半联轴器与轴的配合为H7s6.带轮轴的平键截面为b*h=12*8，L=32mm. 为了保证带轮与轴配合有良好的对中性，故选择带轮轮毂与轴的配合为H7s6.滚动轴承与轴的定位由过度配合来保证的，此处选轴的直径的尺寸公差为m6。
4．确定轴上圆角及倒角尺寸参数书本15-2表格，取轴段的倒角为1.6*45°，各轴肩处的圆角半径为r=1.6mm5．求轴上的载荷根据轴的结构图做出轴的计算简图。
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QPQ型卷扬式啓闭机安装使用说明书
国电南京自动化股份有限公司
用途及特征：
本系列启闭机为固定式平面闸门卷扬式启闭机，机架采用工字形结构，机加上装有起升机构。
适用于各种水利工程平面闸门的启闭，在一定的条件下，也可启闭孤形闸门。
其特征是结构紧凑，承载能力大，运行平稳可靠，安装维修方便，工程造价低。
一、主要技术参数
启门力电动机
起升高度制动器
起升速度减速器
吊距开式齿轮
卷筒直径总传动比
钢丝绳最大外形尺寸
滑轮倍率工作电源交流380V 50HZ
卷筒装置尺寸质量
机架最大件尺寸质量
二、安装
1、安装前的检查
(1)检查该启闭机各零部件是否齐全及运输存放过程中有无损伤
和丢失。
(2)仔细清除零部件上灰尘,油污或铁屑等杂物,必需时应解体清
洗。
2、整机安装
（1）启闭机安装应根据起吊中心线找正，其纵横向中心线偏差不应≥3mm；高程偏差不应超过±5mm；水平偏差应大于
1000。
（2）钢丝绳型号、长度、穿绕方式、固定螺栓数量、规格均应符合图纸要求。
钢丝绳不应有硬弯曲，纽结和砸压扁平状
等缺陷，钢丝绳长度不得有接长。
表面应涂防锈油脂。
钢
丝绳固定牢固可靠，当全部放下扬程后，留在卷筒上的钢
丝绳每侧应≥圈数。
（3）减速器加油前，应清洗检查，减速器润滑位与油标尺的刻度应相符合。
（4）制动器的调整应灵活可靠，闸瓦退距制动轮的摆动值应符合要求。
制动轮的摩擦表面不星有油污。
（5）40T（包括40T）以上的启闭机设置负何控制器的平衡杠必须处于水平位置。
（6）电器的安装及接线应无误，所有电器保护装置（包括零位保护），负何保护等应动作灵活可靠。
三、启闭机的试动转
1、启闭机试动前应进行下列检查：
(1)所有电器及动力回路的接线应正确、整齐，有良好的绝缘和
可靠的接地。
(2)检查所有机械部件、连接部件和各种保护装置及润滑系统，
注油情况应符合要求。
(3)用手转动制动轮，使卷筒旋转一圈，不得有卡阻现象。
(4)钢丝绳起端固定牢靠，在卷筒和滑轮中缠绕应无交叉现象。
(5)检查和调试高度指示及制动器。
2、空载试运转
安装检查合格后，方可进行空载试试运转，空载试运转要求起升机构全程上下三次，并检查下列电器与机械部分。
(1)电动机运行平稳，三相电流平衡，电器设备控制可靠，无异
常发热现象。
(2)机构部件的运转平稳，无冲击和其它异常现象。
(3)所有电器保护装置，限位行程保护，过负荷保护装置等动作
准确可靠。
(4)制动闸瓦应全部离开制动轮。
(5)钢丝绳不应与其它部件碰刮。
3、负荷试运转：根据闸门启闭条件作相应的试运转。
(1)静转载试运转：是闸门在门槽内无水或静水中正常升降三次。
闸门无水，在门槽试运行时必须在止水橡皮处浇水润滑。
(2)检查闸门在闸槽内升降有否卡阻现象。
(3)检查制动器抱闸是否灵活平稳可靠。
可使闸门停留在所需要
的位置。
(4)根据闸门提升高度，调好主令开关的上下极限位置信，其动
作准确。
(5)根据闸门提升特殊位置的要求在指示盘上作好相应的标识。
4、动负荷试运转：静负荷试运转合格后，再做动负荷试运转。
(1)记录上、下游水位及机组带负荷的大小。
(2)检查电气回路动作是否准确。
(3)测量启动主机后再测各线路电流值。
是否符合要求。
五、使用与维修
(1)使用单位编制操作规格
(2)润滑
(一)润滑
各润滑点应根据规定油类及方法加注润滑脂，对有油标指示的，
其加油量应在油尺刻度之间，滑轮上的滑动轴承以油嘴注入的润
滑油脂，到满为止。
其它滚动轴承注入润滑油以充满内部空间的
一半为宜。
各润滑部位
(二)下述保养内容及周期，仅供参考，使用单位可根据情况制订保养制度。
1、台班制保养（操作人员进行）
(1)清扫启闭机室和电器室，防止电气元件、电动机受潮。
(2)按规定进行润滑。
(3)检查钢丝绳磨损和固结情况，在一个捻距内当磨损或腐蚀的断丝
超过12根时（或超过总根数的10％）则应报废换新。
(4)检查制动器的可靠、灵活、必要时调整。
如摩擦衬垫磨衬垫磨损
严重时，应及时更换。
(5)检查电器设备的接地情况及各部位螺栓紧固情况。
2、保养（由操作人员进行）
(1)进行台班保养的全部作业及规定的润滑工作。
(2)检查结构件的联结情况及有无严重变形和裂纹。
(3)检查起升结构的运行情况和磨损情况。
(4)检查吊具和钢丝绳的磨损情况。
(5)检查并调整制动器的闸合间隙。
制动轮和闸瓦磨擦衬垫的允许温
度为220℃，应无焦味和冒烟现象。
(6)检查电机及其绝缘情况。
(7)检查负荷制动器，高度指示器和控制器的准确性。
3、中修及大修根据使用情况，由使用单位自拟。
六、整机附件
a)产品合格证
b)产品使用说明书
c)整机总图和电气原理图
d)装箱单
e)其它。