新概念英语第二册lesson 67 课件

新概念英语第二册lesson 67 课件
新概念英语第二册lesson 67 课件

【New words and expressions】生词和短语

volcano [v?l'kein?u]n火山

active volcanoes活火山

extinct volcanoes死火山

Dormant volcano休眠火山

active ['?ktiv] adj活动的

active : 积极的 / passive : 消极的, 被动的

positive:adj.肯定的,实际的,积极的,绝对的,确实的adj.[数]正的adj.[电]阳的negative adj消极的。n负极,阳极。

阳性的 positive (不好)。negative 阴性的(好)

Congo ['k??ɡ?u]n刚果

Kituro n基图罗

erupt[i'r?pt] n(或山)喷发

从下到上的喷发

violently['vai?l?ntli] adv猛烈地,剧烈地

adj +ly =adv n +ly =adj lovely, friendly. Likely

violent adj

This play is very violent.

the violent games 暴力游戏

violence n暴力

family violence 家庭暴力

cold violence 冷暴力

manage['m?nid?]v设法

manage to do = try to do sth and succeed设法做某事

I can manage it. / I can manage it myself.

brilliant['brilj?nt] adj精彩的

a brilliant star

a brilliant performance 一个精彩的表演

liquid ['likwid]adj液态的

gassy adj气体的solid adj固体的

escape[i'skeip] v逃脱

escape death : 死里逃生

narrow(from) escape : 九死一生 (这里的escape 为n 名词表示逃脱) narrow n.狭窄部分,海峡,隘路

adj.狭窄的,精密的,严密的,有限的,气量小的,勉强的,眼光短浅的vi.变窄vt.使变狭窄,使缩小

escape doing sth

Eg:He escape punishment/being punished.

alive[?'laiv] adj活着的

(1)alive做定语时一定要放在被修饰词后面,属于表语形容词, 又如: light ahead前面的灯光

living sth / elephant alive / living elephant表示活着的象

(2)live(adj) : 现场的; 表“活着的”永远不和人连用

live [lIv] v和[laIv] adj的读音不同

live concert现场演唱会

live fish活的鱼

【课文讲解】

Haroun Tazieff, the Polish scientist,has spent his lifetime studying active volcanoes and deep caves in all parts of the world.

Haroun Tazieff, the Polish scientist同位语

spend some time doing sth.:花时间做...

spend some time on sth在……上花时间

lifetime : 毕生精力

In all parts of 在各方面

例子:he learns well in all parts of the chemistry.

虽然活火山是active volcano,但不能想当然的说死火山为inactive volcano,死火山是extinct volcano ,还有一种休眠火山是dormant volcano 。不过休眠火山可以觉醒,死火山也可以复活,不管怎么说火山都是一个natural disaster。

In 1948, he went to Lake Kivu in the Congo to observe a new volcano which he later named Kituro.

in+年月, in 1948 , in August.

on+具体的某一天

at+具体的一个时间点 at 8:00.

用不定式做目的状语: to abserve a new...仔细观察,一般科学家用“observe”volcano which he later named Kituro.定语从句

Observe vt 观察

He has observed me for a while 他已经观察我一阵子了。

They were observed entering the bank。有人看到他们进入银行。

Name 在这里被活用成动词,“给....命名”,如name the baby Peter ,还有一个常用的短语是name ...after .... 拿....的名字来命名,如:name the fund after its founder

Tazieff was able to set up his camp very close to the volcano w hile it was erupting violently.

(1)set up:竖立起,搭起

例子:his parents set him up as a carpenter他的父母使他从事一个木匠的职业

He sets up for himself as a grocer 他开始经营杂货店

补充:set back 阻碍,使受挫折,使退步

Since that time there has never been any set back in production 从那时起生产上就

一直没有倒退过。

close to:与......靠近

Eg: He parked the car close to the river.他把车停在河边。

Don't sit so close to the fire.别坐得离火那么近。

(2)while 引导的时间状语从句

(Tazieff)主语 (was able to set up)谓语 (his camp)宾语 (very close to)宾补 the volcano while it was erupting violentl

Though he managed to take a number of brilliant photographs,

though让步状语从句

managed to take

Manage to do sth 设法去做某事,try to do sth 也是设法做某事,但是二者是有区别的,manage 表示设法做成某事,一定是成功了,try 仅仅表示试图做了某事,其结果尚未确定,可能成功,也可能不成功。

例:i try to help them out,but it seems that i bring a lot of trouble to them instead.

Manage to do sth 和succeed in doing sth 很相似

例:i finally managed to buy a car and a house。我最后设法买了一辆汽车和一栋房子。

He managed to swim across the river. 他设法游过了河。

he could not stay near the volcano for very long.

for long=for a long time

He noticed that a river of liquid rock was coming towards him.

(1)notice that +宾语从句

notice sth

notice sb do/doing :注意到某人做某事/正在做某事

notice that:文中可改为—He notice a river of liquid rock coming towards him.

(2)river of...:...形成的河流 / river of soil and stone 泥石流 / river of blood 血流成河

river在这里为比喻用法,表示"(......的)巨流"。由于a river of这个结构中没

有as,like等明确表示"像"的词,因此,它是一种暗喻。

Eg: When she heard the news, a river of tears came down her face.她听到这个消息后,泪如泉涌。

Rivers of blood flowed during World war Ⅱ.第二次世界大战期间血流成河。

(3)towards 介词后跟宾语in the direction of

direction n.方向,指导,趋势, (常用复数)指示,用法,说明(书),收件人地址

It threatened to surround him completely, but Tazieff managed to escape just in time. threaten to : 有迹象表明

Eg: He threatened to resign(辞职).

surrounding n环境adj 周围的

but (Tazieff)主语(managed to escape)谓语just( in time.)状语

in time:及时

例子:i caught the plane just in time. 我及时赶上飞机。

Shall we still be in time to see the football match?我们还能及时看见足球比赛吗?

on time准时

They arrived the airport on time yesterday.

He waited until the volcano became quiet and he was able to return two days later. return to 目的地return from出发地

This time, he managed to climb into the mouth of Kituro so that he could take photographs and measure temperatures.

the mouth of Kituro火山口

so that : 以便于(目的状语从句),一定含有情态动词

Tazieff has often risked his life in this way.

(1)take a risk of/at a risk of : 冒险= in danger

risk sth=risk losing sth : 冒着失去......的危险

risk doing : 冒着做......的危险

Run the risk of doing sth 冒险做某事

例:the thief risked being caught by the policeman to burgle 小偷冒着被警察捕捉的危险偷窃。

the thief risked of being caught by the policeman to burgle 小偷冒着被警察捕捉

的危险偷窃。

(注意前后两句不一样,后者多了一个of 但是都表示冒着危险做某事)

Risk one's life 冒着生命的危险

例:he often risks his life to travel 他时常冒险旅行。

(2)in this way.=by the means通过…方式

He has been able to tell us more about active volcanoes than any man alive.

Alive 虽然是个形容词,但修饰名词时候得放在名词的后面,英语上基本以a开头的形容词,常常都是做后置定语的,如the house ablaze (着火的房子),the rumor afloat (流言蜚语)

Any man alive 活着的人

Is your grandfather still alive ?你的祖父仍然活着吗?

除了上诉情况之外,形容词需要后置的情况还有:

1)以后缀-able 和-ible 结尾的形容词,在意义上有强烈的谓语色彩时,往往后置。

the only person reliable are my family members.

The only book available then was all Oxford dictionary

2)形容词修饰不定代词是,一般放在其后。

I am very upset now ,and i want to find somewhere quiet.

3)形容词短语做修饰语时,往往后置

I was caught in a traffic jam in the street full of cars

词汇辨析:alive ,living ,lively,live 都是“活的,有生命的”意思,与dead 意义相反,但是:

1、live常只做前置定语一般用于动物。此外还有现场直播的,现场演出的意思。

2、Alive,living 不仅可以作定语,还可以作表语,区别在于作定语时,alive 置于名词之后,living 一般置于名词之前。

3、只有living 前面加上the 方可表示活着的人,作主语时,视为复数。

The living are more important to us than the dead .

tell the time 报时(固定结构)

tell the difference between: 区分, 区别

tell (sb) a lie (谎言有很多个)

tell (sb) the truth (真话只有一个,故要特指, 加the)

say a good word for sb : 为某人说好话

only just(固定短语)=almost not : 差点就没有

on the subject of=about

【Key structures】Can, Be able to and Manage to 表示能力时用can/could,在将来时中表示"能力"时通常用will be able to,在表示成功地完成过去某个动作时用was able to而不用could。

He thought he could pass the exam easily, but he failed.

I can't remember where I've seen him.

Jane can't swim yet. She'll be able to swim in a few months' time.

manage to在表示成功地完成过去某个动作时,经常代替be able to,它更强调“虽然困难很大,但仍然……”。在否定句中,manage to与be able to经常可以互换。

He was able to finish the job yesterday. (表示可能)He managed to finish the job yesterday. (暗示他克服了不少困难才完成)What do you think of the film?

I'm afraid I haven't managed to/been able to see it yet.

【Special Difficulties】带say与tell的短语

1、say

在表示“说,讲”时,say后面不跟间接宾语(人)。如果一定要指明,则用“to +名词/代词”。表示“道别,诵读(祈祷),背诵”等含义时用say而不能用tell。say有“表达(思想、意见等)”、“ 据说“含义,tell则没有。

John is said to be very interested in art.

Do you have anything to say about the accident?

关于这次事故你有什么想说的/想法?

He knelt down and said his prayers. 他跪了下来作祷告.

He said goodbye and left. 他告辞后离开了.

say a good word for 为……说好话/辩护;推荐

Don't expect that he'll say a good word for you.

2、tell

在表示"说,讲"时,tell 后面可以跟双宾语。tell 经常用于表示“讲(实话,谎话,秘密等)”。tell 可以表示"辨别,分辨",say则不可以。在英国英语中,tell the time(美语为tell time)表示根据钟表等“说出时间,识钟”

Can you tell me anything about it? 你能告诉我有关的任何事情吗?

He is only five, but he can already tell the time.

tell (sb.) a lie 说谎(谎言有很多个,为可数名词)He often tells lies. 他经常说谎.

tell (sb.) the truth 讲真话(真话只有一个,故要特指, 加the)

I want you to tell me the truth. 我要你讲真话.

tell (sb.) the difference between 区分, 区别Can't you tell the difference between an Austin and a Morris?

你能区分奥斯丁舞和莫利斯舞吗?

say和tell后面跟so时含义不一样:

I told you so! 我告诉过你是这样的!(用于情况被证实之后)

Who says so? 谁这么说的?

I say so. 我这么说的。

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