英语补充复习材料
英语复习材料
1.I hope that this talk will give you some insights __C____ what we have been doing.
A. for
B. to
C. into
D. from
2. ____D__ the news has been good so far, there may be days ahead when it is bad.
A. When
B. As
C. So
D. While
3. ____A__ that she did not make enough money to live by herself, she went back to live with her mother.
A. Now
B. Since
C. Even
D. As
4.If the farmers can get ___C___ sunshine, they should have a satisfactory harvest.
A. continual
B. continually
C. continuous
D. continuously
5. We have to learn English well in order to __C____ the gap between our language and culture and those of westerners.
A. build
B. set
C. bridge
D. wipe
6.You should not allow his reputation to __D____ you.
A. imitate
B. intimate
C. intermediate
D. intimidate
7. __A____ her sister, she is very talkative and charming.
A. Unlike
B. Dislike
C. Not liking
D. Not like
8. I don’t feel like ____C__ today because I’m too tired.
A. go out
B. to go out
C. going out
D. outing
9. At about the age of 11, kids start feeling __B____ about changing their clothes in front of other people.
A. puzzled
B. embarrassed
C. confused
D. perplexed
10. He __C____ one of his former schoolmates when he went to Nanjing on business.
A. came into
B. came up
C. came across
D. came out
11. Beethoven’s symphony is ___C___ in the music history.
A. single
B. singular
C. unique
D. senior
12. How you finance a business is ____A__ to the success of your venture.
A. critical
B. urgent
C. virtual
D. likely
13. It is ___B___ th at he doesn’t even know he himself knows the secret.
A. crucial
B. likely
C. essential
D. virtual
14. We know that organized criminals steal art and antiques to ___C___ funds for other crimes.
A. arise
B. rise
C. raise
D. rinse
15. He can speak English. __D____, he can speak French and Spanish.
A. In short
B. In turn
C. In the long run
D. In addition
16. What a __A____ smell! Let’s open the window and air the room.
A. disgusting
B. pleasing
C. powerful
D. disturbing
17. It’s easy to be concerned ___C___ problems across the other side of the world and ignore the poverty and unhappiness on your own doorstep.
A. for
B. that
C. with
D. than
18. She was putting on her jeans ___D___ me to hand her the sweater.
A. while asked
B. asked
C. while she asking
D. while asking
19. If he doesn’t __A____ soon, we shall have to go without him.
A. turn up
B. turn down
C. turn out
D. turn over
20. Medical care reform has become this country’s most important public health ___D___.
A. question
B. stuff
C. matter
D. issue
阅读理解
Passage 1
Although the relaxed American style is well known, many new visitors think that it shows a “lack of respect”. This is especially true in the business world. Americans often use first names upon meeting a stranger and do not always shake hands. They often just smile and say “Hi” or “Hello”, rather than using a more form al handshake. It is good to remember that to an American such a relaxed greeting really means the same thing as a more official handshake somewhere else. In a similar way, Americans do not usually give a special “good-bye” or shake hands to each person when they leave a party or business meeting. They will often just wave good-bye to the whole group and perhaps say, “Well, so long everybody, I’ll see you tomorrow.” They then will leave. No handshakes.
Americans seem either totally hurried and hard-working or totally relaxed and at ease. Often you will see men working at office desks without their chairs and even putting their feet up on the desk while they talk on the telephone. This is not meant to be offensive. Once Americans leave the busy streets, they are easy and relaxed.
A visitor to the United States should, therefore, understand that being in a great hurry does not show unfriendliness, and being relaxed and being at ease does not show a lack of respect. Americans have a great range of customs and habits that at first may seem strange to a visitor. In time you will learn these new ways.
1. What do many visitors think about the relaxed American style? B
A. They think it’s quite normal.
B. They consider it disrespectful.
C. They view it as totally strange.
D. They believe it to be surprising.
2. Why do Americans often use first names upon meeting a stranger? B
A. Because they get used to this way of greeting.
B. Because they are very friendly.
C. Because they like strangers very much.
D. Because they want to make a friend.
3. To whom do Americans use “Hi” and “Hello” in greeting? B
A. The people they know well.
B. Anyone they meet.
C. Their best friends.
D. Their family members.
4. What’s the subject of this passage? B
A. American Way of Greeting.
B. American Style.
C. Americans’ Busy Life.
D. Americans’ Friendliness.
5. The best way a visitor should do when he/ she goes to the United States is __C____.
A. respecting the Americans’ way of life
B. feeling hostile to Americans
C. learning Americans’ way of life
D. adjusting himself/ herself to be the same as Americans are
Passage 2
Told as a flashback, this is an uncomplicated love story between two students, Harvard pre-law hockey player Oliver and a music student Jenny. Their love triumphs over different economic-class backgrounds (he is a “preppie (大学预科生) millionaire”, she a smart-mouthed “social zero” from a blue-collar Italian/ American family). Their main obstacle to romance is that his rich, powerful and snobbish father objects and threatens to cut off funding: “Oliver, if you marry her now, I’ll not give you the time of day.” To which the younger, bull-headed Oliver
defiantly (对抗地) asks: “What offends you more, Father, that she’s Catholic, or poor?” He ultimately responds: “Father, you don’t know the time of day.” The two young lovers marry anyway and first move into a small apartment in Cambridge before Oliver is hired by a New York law firm and they move to the city.
The film’s two most touching and remembered scenes are their prolonged kissing scene and the montage (蒙太奇) of the couple tossing snowballs at each other. After meeting many obstacles and making sacrifices, she is diagnosed as terminally ill when she is tested for pregnancy, and dies in his arms at the hospital in a tear-inducing closing. She makes a last request of him: “You, after all—you’re going to be a merry widower.” “I won’t be merry,” he responds. S he replies: “Yes, you will be. I want you to be merry. You’ll be merry, okay?”
In the final scene, Oliver quotes his late wife, when speaking to his father about their past misunderstandings. After his father tells him he’s sorry that she has died, Oliver responds in the last memorable line of the film, quoting an earlier remark of Jenny’s: love means never having to say you’re sorry.
He then walks out into a snowy Central Park to think of what life might have been in a touching climax, as the award-winning musical score builds in the background.
1. What is this passage mainly about? A
A. A love story between two students from different backgrounds.
B. A love story between two students from the same backgrounds.
C. A love story between a teacher and a student in Harvard University.
D. A love story between two students from Italy.
2. Which one is true according to the story? D
A. Oliver is a music student.
B. Jenny is a preppie millionaire.
C. The couple study in Harvard University and both like music very much.
D. Their romance is strongly opposed to by Oliver’s father.
3. Which one can be inferred from the story? A
A. In the end, Oliver’s father shows his sympathy for Oliver because of Jenny’s death.
B. Jenny doesn’t think that Oliver will marry someone else.
C. Jenny does not think that Oliver loves her before her death.
D. At the end, Oliver doesn’t forgive his father because of his objection to their marriage.
4. The reason why Jenny says in the ending that Oliver will be a merry widower is that B .
A. she knows Oliver doesn’t love her any more
B. she hopes Oliver to live a happy life after her death
C. she wonders if she still loves him
D. she knows Oliver will be happy after her death because he doesn’t love her any more
5. When Oliver’s father expresses sorrow to him for his wife’s death, he responses with Jenny’s words: love means never having to say you’re sorry. What does it really mea n? A
A. It means that he forgives his father in the ending.
B. It means that his father does not love him.
C. It means that he does not love his father.
D. It means that he never forgives his father.
完型填空。(
One might argue that a friend is someone who supports you in all things. And this is a
(1)___A_____ popular idea of friendship. This (2)___C_____ of what a friend does is held by many fine people. They (3)____C____ that people should stand next to their friend, right or wrong. I, however, don’t see (4)_____B___with these people.
To my mind, the greatest value of friends is something (5)____A____. Friends point out when you’re in error, either factually or (6)____A____. So when you’re making a horrible mistake, such as (7)_____D___ on your wif e, a friend should set you right. And if you’re putting (8)____A____ in a business that’s sure to fail, a friend should take you aside for a frank discussion. And all talk should be as (9)____B____ as it is honest. In other words, friendly talk should leave no room for (10)____A____. (11)___D_____ the issue, one has to guide his friend in the clearest manner possible. Let me (12)___C_____ my meaning. Just as a doctor (13)____B____ pills to people who need to become healthy, a friend should share wisdom with a friend that needs to act well.
(14)____B____, whenever we support a friend in the wrong decisions, bad things come of it. Families (15)____C____, money vanishes, and lives are ruined. This is a(n) (16)____B____ of supporting our friends that should remain on the top of our minds. And we should be (17)___A_____.
This is not to say that we shouldn’t provide our friends with (18)___D_____. In truth, we are (19)____B____ to encourage our friends at times. But those times should not be (20)___C_____. And we should support only right actions.
1. A. mostly B. principally C. dominantly D. particularly
2. A. perception B. accepting C. concept D. reason
3. A. prospect B. provide C. proclaim D. promote
4. A. ear to ear B. eye to eye C. face to face D. hand to hand
5. A. different B. indifferent C. unique D. original
6. A. morally B. loyally C. correctly D. rightly
7. A. arguing B. deceiving C. lying D. cheating
8. A. capital B. principal C. assets D. totals
9. A. expressive B. direct C. thorough D. straight
10. A. confusion B. confirmation C. condemnation D. conservation
11. A. Wherever B. Whenever C. However D. Whatever
12. A. demonstrate B. facilitate C. illustrate D. cooperate
13. A. describes B. prescribes C. bribes D. sells
14. A. Variably B. Invariably C. Variously D. Variable
15. A. destruct B. decompose C. dissolve D. deconstruct
16. A. obstacle B. drawback C. barrier D. putdown
17. A. careful B. reasonable C. rational D. sensitive
18. A. commitment B. comment C. supplement D. encouragement
19. A. possibility-driven B. duty-bound C. law-restrained D. rule-guided
20. A. normal B. regular C. constant D. frequent
1.英汉互译
While regular schools still exist, the virtual classroom plays an important role in today’s learning community.
虽然常规的学校依然存在，但虚拟课堂在今天的教学领域中起着重要的作用。
2.Job opportunities for students are expanding rapidly and more people of all ages are
becoming aware of online learning that allows them to study at home.
随着学生就业机会的迅速增多，越来越多不同年龄层的人开始意识到这种在家就学的网上学习方式。
3.As a result, many parents fear that peer opinions will become more highly valued and that
they in turn will lose influence.
因此，很多父母害怕孩子赞成伙伴的观点，父母转而失去影响力。
4.不管他正确与否，我们都得服从他的决定。（regardless of）
Regardless of whether he is right or wrong, we have to obey his decisions.
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大学英语综合教程1练习答案
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材料科学基础考研经典题目doc资料
材料科学基础考研经 典题目
16.简述金属固态扩散的条件。 答：⑴扩散要有驱动力——热力学条件，化学势梯度、温度、应力、电场等。 ⑵扩散原子与基体有固溶性——前提条件；⑶足够高温度——动力学条件；⑷足够长的时间——宏观迁移的动力学条件 17. 何为成分过冷？它对固溶体合金凝固时的生长形貌有何影响？ 答：成分过冷：在合金的凝固过程中，虽然实际温度分布一定，但由于液相中溶质分布发生了变化，改变了液相的凝固点，此时过冷由成分变化与实际温度分布这两个因素共同决定，这种过冷称为成分过冷。成分过冷区的形成在液固界面前沿产生了类似负温度梯度的区域，使液固界面变得不稳定。当成分过冷区较窄时，液固界面的不稳定程度较小，界面上偶然突出部分只能稍微超前生长，使固溶体的生长形态为不规则胞状、伸长胞状或规则胞状；当成分过冷区较宽时，液固界面的不稳定程度较大，界面上偶然突出部分较快超前生长，使固溶体的生长形态为胞状树枝或树枝状。所以成分过冷是造成固溶体合金在非平衡凝固时按胞状或树枝状生长的主要原因。 18.为什么间隙固溶体只能是有限固溶体，而置换固溶体可能是无限固溶体？ 答：这是因为当溶质原子溶入溶剂后，会使溶剂产生点阵畸变，引起点阵畸变能增加，体系能量升高。间隙固溶体中，溶质原子位于点阵的间隙中，产生的点阵畸变大，体系能量升高得多；随着溶质溶入量的增加，体系能量升高到一定程度后，溶剂点阵就会变得不稳定，于是溶质原子便不能再继续溶解，所以间隙固溶体只能是有限固溶体。而置换固溶体中，溶质原子位于溶剂点阵的阵点上，产生的点阵畸变较小；溶质和溶剂原子尺寸差别越小，点阵畸变越小，固溶度就越大；如果溶质与溶剂原子尺寸接近，同时晶体结构相同，电子浓度和电负性都有利的情况下，就有可能形成无限固溶体。 19.在液固相界面前沿液体处于正温度梯度条件下，纯金属凝固时界面形貌如何？同样 条件下，单相固溶体合金凝固的形貌又如何？分析原因
新版新目标大学英语综合教程1综合训练选择题答案
A love marriage, however, does not necessarily result in much sharing of interests and responsibilities. A magnificent monument has been erected in Tian An Men Square in honor of the people ' s heroes. A racing car is an extraordinary feat of engineering. Accumulated en ergy un der the earth must be released in one form or ano ther, for example, an earthquake. Although he had looked through all the reference material on the subject, he still found it hard to un dersta nd this point and her explanation only added to his confusion. Ano ther team of scie ntists has come up with con flict ing evide nee. Believing the earth to be flat, many feared that Columbus could fall off the edge of the earth. But the other factor that we shouldn ' t forget is thealriek off U.S. immigration policy. Compared with wester ners, the Orie ntals use less butter. They prefer the very healthful pea nut oil. Con trary to popular belief, moderate exercise actually decreases your appetite. Corin thia n colu mn is the most highly decorated of the five classical types. Do not toss the salad until you are ready to serve. Dr. Jones emphasizes exercise in addition to a change in diet. During the process, great care has to be taken to protect the delicate silk from damage. Eati ng too much fat can con tribute to heart disease and cause high blood pressure. Every one in the party can see Ed and Roger are competi ng for Alice ' s atte nti on. Figures showed customer complaints had soared to record levels and profits were falling. Having decided to rent a flat, we set about con tact ing all the accommodati on age ncies in the city. He admits that more work needs to be done to validate the strategy, and ensure that it ' s safe. He is a mathematical genius . He is optimistic about his chances of winning a gold medal in the Olympics next year. He might let someth ing slip in a mome nt of weak ness. He told the magaz ine in an exclusive in terview: "enas miepn&bim drink. ” He was jealous of no body ' s achieveme nts. he wrote an article criticizing the Greek poet and won prestige and a scholarship. His retail bus in ess in the city expa nded rapidly betwee n the wars. I caught a glimpse of the taxi before it disappeared around the corner of the street. I chose to work abroad to improve my career prospect . I felt I couldn ' t cope with the situation and wacfeeisperate need of some reassuranee. I hate people who reveal the end of a film th at you haven ' t seen before. I have kept that portrait where I can see it every day, as it always reminds me of my university days in London. I think it ' s tiimeeIsted in a new computer. I want to buy a new tie to go with this brow n suit. I will defer to Mr. Walters on this point I wish I could put the clock back and relive my schooldays; I regret not having tried harder and passed mere exams. If you hear such a rumor, in vestigate it thoroughly. If you say anything to Jane, she ' csilikeey tovith a bitter remark. In no country other than Britain, it has been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day. In the wife ' s eyes,commitment to their marriage life is far from perfect. Intensive efforts are being made to resolve the dispute. It did not take the police long time to bring out the truth. it is our consistent policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means It is predicted that heavy rains are threate ning to flood the area in a few days. It soon developed that what she loved was not my person but my wealth.
专业英语复习资料
1.Types of Business Organization: 1)Sole Proprietorship :an unincorporated business owned by one person 2)Partnership :owned by two or more individuals (called partners) a)Limited partnership——general partners,limited partners 3)Corporation :a legal entity separate from its owners 2、Separation of Ownership and Control (pros and cons)： Pros(赞成的理由): Specialization，Efficiency，Diversify，Going concern Cons(反对的理由)：Four major downsides：agency problem,free-riding problem,increased costs of information https://www.360docs.net/doc/8d18672822.html,rmation asymmetry 3.Overview of Financial Statements balance sheet; income statement;statement of cash flows;statement of retained earnings 4. Statement of Retained Earnings,it shows: the retained earnings balance at the start of the period;how much the firm earned (net income); how much dividends the firm paid;how much net income was reinvested back into the firm (retained earnings);any repurchases of the firm’s stock;any new issues of the firm’s stock; andthe retained earnings balance at the close of the period. 4. Statement of Cash Flow:Operating Cash Flows ，Investing Cash Flows ，Financing Cash Flows 5.Analyzing Financial Ratios Financial ratios are not standardized. Analyzing a single financial ratio for a given year may not be very useful. Some of a firm’s financial accounting practices or choices will affect its financial statements and, finally, its financial ratios. Financial ratios do not provide analysts with all of th e answers about a firm’s condition. 7. Uses and Limitations of Financial Ratio Analysis：while ratio analysis can provide useful information concerning a company’s operations and financial condition, it does have limitations that necessitate care and judgment 1.Risk-return tradeoff Investors will take on additional risk only if they anticipate high return. 2.Time value of money A dollar available today is worth more than a dollar available at a future date. This is because a dollar today can be invested to earn a return. 3.Types of value Going-concern value,Liquidation value ,Book value ,Market value ，ntrinsic value 4.Valuation Approaches discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation，relative valuation，contingent claim valuation，option-pricing models 7.Contractual Provisions of a Typical Bond Par Value,and Coupon Rate,Maturity,Call Provisions,Sinking Fund Provisions,Conversion Rights ,Put Provisions,Indenture,Trustee,Collateral,Bond Rating 1.Introduction to Risk and Return All financial assets are expected to produce cash flows, and the risk of an asset is judged by the risk of its cash flows. Here are two assumptions about risk and return: Assumption (1): The returns from investments are normally distributed.Assumption (2): Investors are risk-averse. The risk of an asset can be considered in two ways: (1) on a stand-alone basis (2) in a portfolio context. In a portfolio context, an asset’s risk can be divided into two components: a,diversifiable risk ;b. market risk.An asset with a high degree of relevant (market) risk must provide a relatively high expected rate of return to attract investors. 4.Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) Assumption 1:The returns from investments are normally distributed.Assumption 2: Investors are risk-averse.Assumption3:Investorsare rational.Assumption4:Investors are price takers.Assumption 5: The Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) holds. 5. Three types of financial market efficiency: allocationally efficient, operationally efficient,informationally efficient 6. Three main factors associated with informational market efficiency The type of information to which the market price reacts,The speed at which the market price reacts to information,The degree to which market participants over-or under-react to information 8. Characteristics of an Informationally Efficient Market Price changes cannot be predicted. The price of the asset is equal to its fundamental (unobserved but true) value.Prices change due to the inflow of new information, and information flows randomly to the market.Therefore, price changes should be random and unpredictable. 10. Modern portfolio theory —Markowitz’s Mean-variance Framework ,Efficient portfolios are those that have: the lowest risk for an expected rate of return; or the highest expected rate of return for a given level of risk.The assets that meet these criteria make up the efficient frontier.