阅读教程 3 Unit 6答案

新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）

Unit 6

Part I

Exercises

I. Reading for information 。

A. Reading to find main ideas

1. B

2. A

B. Reading to find major details

3. C

4. C

C. Reading to find relevant facts

5. D

6. C

II. Translation

Translate the following sentences into Chinese.

1 I have made it a rule, whenever in my power, to avoid becoming the draughtsman of papers to be reviewed by a public body.

我定了个规矩：在职期间尽可能避免担任任何会被某公众团体审阅的文件的起草人。

2 Whereas, whenever kings, instead of protecting the lives and properties of their subjects, as is their bounden duty, do endeavor to perpetrate the destruction of either, they thereby cease to be kings, become tyrants, and dissolve all ties of allegiance between themselves and their people.

如果国王未尽其应尽之职，保护臣民的生命与财产，反而肆意毁坏他们的生命或财产，那么这样的国王就不再是国王，而是暴君，臣民将不再效忠于他。

3 And he built his case, in a manner more sophisticated than Franklin would have, on a contract between government and the governed that was founded on the consent of the people.

他将自己的论证建立在一种尊重人民意愿的、由政府和被统治者共同达成的协议之上，这种论证的方式可能比富兰克林更老练。

4 In what became known as “Hume’s fork”, the great Scottish philosopher had developed a theory that distinguished between “synthetic”truths that describe matters of fact (such as “London is bigger than Philadelphia”) and “analytic”truths that are so by virtue of reason and definition (“the angles of a triangle total 180 degrees”; “all bachelors are unmarried”).

在后来所谓的“休谟之叉”理论中，这位伟大的苏格兰哲学家提出了一种理论，对“合成型”事实和“解析型”事实进行区分。“合成型”事实对事实进行描述（如“伦敦比费城大”），“解析型”事实是经由推理和定义证明的事实（如“三角形的内角之和是180度”，“所有单身汉都未婚”）。

5 By using the word “sacred”, Jefferson had implied, intentionally or not, that the principle in question —the equality of men and their endowment by their creator with inalienable rights —was an assertion of religion.

不论是有意还是无意，杰斐逊使用“神圣”一词都暗示了该原则——即人人平等，造物主赋予所有人不可剥夺的权利的原则——是一种宗教原则。

III. Summary

Complete the following statements with words and expressions from the box. Use their proper forms.

1 Jefferson, though only 33, got the honor of drafting the Declaration of Independence, which turned out to be a momentous task. The Declaration was eventually viewed as a text akin to Scripture.

2 Jefferson drafted the document that was an attack not on the British government but on the British King, which was the way Englishmen announced revolution.

3 In drafting the Declaration, Jefferson echoed both the language and grand theories of Enlightenment thinkers, most notably the concept of natural rights propounded by John Locke.

4 After finishing the draft, Jefferson sent it to Franklin, requesting him to peruse it and make necessary alterations.

5 Franklin changed “We hold these truths to be sacred and undeniable” into “We hold these truths to be self-evident.” But some of his ot her edits were less felicitous and even pedantic.

6 After voting for independence, the Congress formed itself into a committee to consider the draft and they removed large sections from it.

7 Franklin most famously said, “We must, indeed, all hang together, or most assuredly we shall all hang separately.”

Part II Reading for Pleasure

Exercise

Answer the following questions.

1 Why did they shut the door of the room when the Congress debated the Declaration of Independence?

The door was shut so that loud quarreling voices could not be heard by passersby.

2 What did the Congress do to Jefferson’s draft of the Declaration of Independence?

They debated it and hacked away the excess.

3 How many people ultimately put their names to the document? What were they?

Fifty-six people finally signed the document. Almost half — 24 — were judges and lawyers. Eleven were merchants, 9 were landowners and farmers, and the remaining 12 were doctors, ministers, and politicians.

4 Why did John Hancock sign his name in enormous letters?

He said that he signed in enormous letters so that the British could read his name without spectacles and double the price they had put on his head.

5 What did the signers pledge at the end of the Declaration of Independence?

They mutually pledged to each other their lives, their fortunes, and their sacred

honor.