广西大化县乙圩乡初级中学中考英语复习资料 英语常见的几种特殊替代用法
广西大化县乙圩乡初级中学中考英语

动词虚拟语气I.要点表示说的话不是事实,或者是不可能发生的情况,而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。
一般常用于正式的书面语中。
1、虚拟语气的构成注:如果条件从句谓语动词包含有were或had,should,could有时可将if省去,但要倒装。
如:Had you (If you had) invited us, we would have come to your party.2、虚拟语气在各种从句的应用(1)在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、惋惜、理应如此等,其谓语形式是"should(可省)+动词原形",常用于以下三种句型中。
句型一:It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc) that…句型二:It is apity (a shame, no wonder, etc) that…句型三:It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc) that…如:It isstrange that he (should) have done that.It is a pity that he (should) be so careless.It is requested that we (should) be so careless.(2)在宾语从句中用于suggest, propose, move, insist, desire,demand,request,order, command等动词后的宾语从句中,表间接的命令和建议。
其谓语形式是"(should)+动词原形"。
如:I suggest that we (should) go swimming.(3)在表语从句中,表示间接的命令,要求、请求、建议、决定等,主句中的主语通常是suggestion, proposal, request, orders, idea等。
广西大化县乙圩乡初级中学中考英语复习资料 介词

介词I. 要点1、介词和种类(1) 简单介词,常用的有at, in, on, about, across, before, beside, for , to, without等。
(2) 复合介词,如by means of, along with, because of, in front of, instead of 等。
2、介词和其他词类的习惯搭配关系(1) 和动词的搭配,如agree with, ask for, belong to, break away from, care about 等。
(2) 和形容词的搭配,如afraid of, angry with, different from, good at(3) 和名词的搭配,如answer to , key to, reason for, cause of, visit to等.3、介词短语可以有自己的修饰语,这种修饰语通常有right, just, badly, all, well, directly, completely等少数几个副词。
如:He came right after dinner.He lives directly opposite the school.4、某些介词的意义与用法举例(1) at, on, in(表时间)表示时间点用at,如at four o'clock, at midnight等;表示不确定的时间或短期假日也用at,如at that time, at Christmas等。
指某天用on, 如on Monday, on the end of November, 指某天的朝夕用on,如on Friday morning, on the afternoon of September lst等。
指长于或短于一天的时段用in,如in the afternoon, in February, in Summer, in 1999等。
广西大化县乙圩乡低级中学中考英语温习资料 英语语法时态的几种转换

英语语法时态的几种转换英语中的几种时态在必然情形下能够相互转换,以下是几种常见的转换形式:一、一样过去时与此刻完成时的转换在此刻完成时中,延续性动词能与表示一段时刻的状语连用,刹时动词却不能。
可是,可用别的表达方式:①刹时动词用于“一段时刻+ago”的一样过去时的句型中;②刹时动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语,与一段时刻连用;③刹时动词用于“It is+一段时刻+since+一样过去时”的句型中,表示“自从……以来有……时刻”的意思,主句一样用it is来代替It has been;④刹时动词用于“Sometime has passed since+一样过去时”的句型中。
请看:A。
He joined the League two years ago。
B。
He has been in the League for two years。
C。
It is two years since he joined the League。
D。
Two years has passed since he joined the League。
二、一样此刻时与此刻进行时的转换在一样此刻时中,at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”,如at work(在工作),at school(上学、上课)等。
此短语可与进行时态转换。
请看:Peter is at work,but Mike is at play。
Peter is working,but Mike is playing。
三、此刻进行时与一样以后时的转换在此刻进行时态中go,come,leave,start,arrive等动词常与表示以后的时刻状语连用表示将要发生的动作。
如:I am coming,Mum!意为“我就来,妈妈!”请看:The train is leaving soon。
The train will leave soon。
四、“be going to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的转换“be going to+动词原形”、表示打算、打算要做的事;以后时“will(shall)+动词原形”结构在书面语中,当主语为第一人称时,经常使用助动词shall。
广西大化县乙圩乡低级中学中考英语温习资料 单词及词组分组辨析

单词及词组分组辨析1. clothes, cloth, clothing clothes 统指各类衣服,谓语动词永久是复数,cloth 指布,为不可数名词clothing 服装的总称指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of2. incident , accidentincident 指小事件, accident 指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident.3. amount, numberamount 后接不可数名词,number 后接可数名词a number of students4. family, house, homehome 家,包括住处和家人,house 屋子,住宅,family 家庭成员。
My family is a happy one.5. sound, voice, noisesound 自然界各类各样的声音,voice 人的嗓音,noise 噪音I hate the loud noise outside.6. photo, picture, drawingphoto 用照相机拍照的照片,picture 可指相片,图片,电影片,drawing 画的画Let's go and see a good picture.7. vocabulary, wordvocabulary 辞汇,一个人拥有的单词量,word 具体的单词He has a large vocabulary.8. population, peoplepopulation 人口,人数,people 具体的人China has a large population.9. weather, climateweather 一天内具体的天气状况,climate 长期的气候状况The climate here is not good for you.10. road, street, path, wayroad 具体的公路,马路,street 街道,path 小路,小径,way 道路,途径take this road; in the street, Show me the way to the museum.11. course, subjectcourse 课程(可包括多门科目),subject 科目(具体的学科)a summer course12. custom, habitcustom 传统风俗,风俗,也可指生活适应,后接to do,habit 生活适应,适应成自然,后接of doing.I've got the habit of drinking a lot.13. cause, reasoncause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接缘故,后接of sth./doing sth,reason 用来讲明某种现象或结果的理由,后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late14. exercise, exercises, practiceexercise 运动,锻炼(不可数),exercises 练习(可数),practice(反复做的)练习。
广西大化县乙圩乡初级中学中考英语复习资料 一般将来时

一般将来时概念:一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示将来经常发生的动作。
一、常见的将来时间状语:tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, this afternoon, this year, before long, in the future, some day(将来的某一天), next year, next Sunday, soon,in ten days(十天后) 等二、一般将来时结构:主语+ will (shall) + 动词原形 ~。
动词一般将来时,表示将要发生事(所有人称都可以用will,shall只用于I, We 后面)如:肯定式:They will finish the work next week.否定式: They won’t finish the work next week.疑问式: Will they finish the work next week?Yes, they will. / No, they won’t. (注意:不能用Yes, they’ll.) 特殊疑问句:How many books will you give us?I’ll give you thirty books.2. 主语+ be (am, is, are) going to + 动词原形 ~。
be going to, 表打算,准备计划将来干;表可能,有必然,通过现象来判断。
如:I’m going to see a film this evening. 今晚上我打算去看电影。
It’s going to rain. 天要下雨了。
We aren’t going to have any lessons next week. 我们下周不上课。
3. will/ shall 和 be going to 结构的区别(1) 对于事先经过考虑的打算、计划,应使用be going to 结构。
广西大化县乙圩乡低级中学中考英语温习资料 定语从句用法

定语从句用法一、定语从句的概念在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一样放在先行词的后面。
二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where,when,why等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成份。
三、定语从句的分类依照定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去,非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
四、关系代词的用法1. that 既能够用于指人,也能够用于指物。
在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜爱轻柔的音乐。
(that作主语)The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外衣是蓝色的。
(that作宾语)2.which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站周围的那座大楼是一家超市。
(作主语)The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 咱们昨天晚上看的那部电影专门好看。
(作宾语)3.who,whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。
在口语中,有时可用who代替whom,也可省略。
例如:The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.常常在英语方面帮忙我的那个女孩是英国人。
最新示范名校中考英语复习资料英语常见的几种特殊替代用法
英语常见的几种特殊替代用法替代词,就是在日常学习中所用的代词或量词。
针对学生们常见的一些练习和考题,总结了一下几种特殊替代用法:it 在句中作形式主语或形式宾语的替代用法1. it作形式主语可以代替句中的动词不定式、动词-ing分词或一个句子。
It is important for us to learn English well. (it替代不定式to learn English)It is no use making such an apology to us Chinese. ( It 替代动词-ing分词 making such an apology) It is happy for her parents that she is well now. (it 替代句子that she is well now)2. it作形式宾语可以代替句中的动词不定式,此时句中的谓语事由某些特殊动词 (如:findthinkfeel 等)充当的。
I find it impossible to finish so much work in such a short time. (it 替代不定式to finish so much work)that this在句中的替代用法1、 thatA: I’m going to wear my new jeans to her party.B: You can’t do that. (that替代to wear my new jeans to her party这一事情)2. thisthis 在介绍某人或某物时,指的是靠近自己的一方。
A: Hi, Mr. Smith, This is my friend, Bill.B: Nice to meet you, Bill.C: Nice to meet you, Mr. Smith.This 在电话用语中指的是自己。
A: Hello, may I speak to Miss Li?B: This is Miss Li speaking. (我就是李女士)which、that 、who、whom在定语从句中的替代用法1. which 在句中放指物的先行词后或整个句子后,引导限定性定语从句或非限定性定语从句。
广西大化县乙圩乡低级中学中考英语温习资料 核心句型
核心句型1.welcome to sp欢迎到某地Eg.Welcome to China。
2.What’s them atter with sb./sth?出什么毛病了?Eg.What’s them atter with your watch?3.bedifferent from与---不同Eg.The weather in Beijingis different from that of Nanjing。
4.be the same as与……相同Eg.His trousers are the same as mine。
5.befriendly to sb。
对某人友好Eg.Mr.Wang is very friendly to us。
6.want to do sth。
想做某事Eg.I want to go to school。
7.want sb.to do sth。
想让某人做某事Eg.I want my son to go to school。
8.what to do做什么Eg.We don’t know what to do next。
9.let sb.do sth。
让某人做某事Eg.Let him enter the room。
10.let sb.not do sth。
让某人不做某事Eg.Let him not stand in the rain。
11.why don’t you do sth?怎么不做某事呢?Eg.Why don’t you play football with us?12.why not do sth.?怎么不做某事呢?Eg.Why not play football with us?13.make sb.sth。
为某人制造某物Eg.My father made me a kite。
14.make sth for sb。
为某人制造某物Eg.My father made a kite for me。
广西大化县乙圩乡低级中学中考英语温习资料 英语常见的几种特殊替代用法
英语常见的几种特殊替代用法替代词,确实是在日常学习中所用的代词或量词。
针对学生们常见的一些练习和考题,总结了一下几种特殊替代用法:it 在句中作形式主语或形式宾语的替代用法1. it作形式主语能够代替句中的动词不定式、动词-ing分词或一个句子。
It is important for us to learn English well. (it替代不定式to learn English)It is no use making such an apology to us Chinese. ( It 替代动词-ing分词making such an apology)It is happy for her parents that she is well now. (it 替代句子that she is well now)2. it作形式宾语能够代替句中的动词不定式,现在句中的谓语事由某些特殊动词(如:findthinkfeel等)充当的。
I find it impossible to finish so much work in such a short time. (it 替代不定式to finish so much work) that this在句中的替代用法一、thatA: I’m going to wear my new jeans to her party.B: You can’t do that. (that替代to wear my new jeans to her party这一情形)2. thisthis 在介绍某人或某物时,指的是靠近自己的一方。
A: Hi, Mr. Smith, This is my friend, Bill.B: Nice to meet you, Bill.C: Nice to meet you, Mr. Smith.This 在用语中指的是自己。
A: Hello, may I speak to Miss Li?B: This is Miss Li speaking. (我确实是李女士)which、that 、who、whom在定语从句中的替代用法1. which 在句中放指物的先行词后或整个句子后,引导限定性定语从句或非限定性定语从句。
广西大化县乙圩乡初级中学中考英语复习资料 一般现在时
一般现在时主要用于下面几情况:1)描述当前时间内经常出现、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。
在这种情景中,句子常带有表示频率的时间状语:always , everyday , often , once a week (month , year , etc。
) , sometimes , seldom , usually等等,以表示句中的动作或状态是习惯性的、经常性的。
例如:They raise ducks as a sideline 。
他们以养鸭为副业。
She doesn't often write to her family, only once a month. 她不常给家里写信,仅一月一封而已。
I cycle to work every day 。
我每天骑自行车上班。
It seldom rains here 。
这儿很少下雨。
2)仅为了描述状态、性质、特征、能力等等。
这里的目的是为了"描述现阶段的动作或状态",其重点"不是强调动作发生的时间、或进行的状态"。
例如:He can speak five foreign languages 。
他能说五种外语。
That is a beautiful city 。
那是座美丽的城市。
Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 长江是世界上最长的河流之一。
She majors in music 。
她主修音乐。
All my family love football 。
我全家人都喜欢足球。
My sister is always ready to help others . 我妹妹总是乐于助人。
2)陈述客观事实、客观真理。
顾名思义,客观的情况是"没有时间概念"的;也"不会在意动作进行的状态"。
例如:The sun rises in the east 。
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英语常见的几种特殊替代用法
替代词,就是在日常学习中所用的代词或量词。
针对学生们常见的一些练习和考题,总结
了一下几种特殊替代用法:
it 在句中作形式主语或形式宾语的替代用法
1. it作形式主语可以代替句中的动词不定式、动词-ing分词或一个句子。
It is important for us to learn English well. (it替代不定式to learn English)
It is no use making such an apology to us Chinese. ( It 替代动词-ing分词 making such an apology)
It is happy for her parents that she is well now. (it 替代句子that she is well now) 2. it作形式宾语可以代替句中的动词不定式,此时句中的谓语事由某些特殊动词 (如:findthinkfeel等)充当的。
I find it impossible to finish so much work in such a short time. (it 替代不定式to finish so much work)
that this在句中的替代用法
1、 that
A: I’m going to wear my new jeans to her party.
B: You can’t do that. (that替代to wear my new jeans to her party这一事情)
2. this
this 在介绍某人或某物时,指的是靠近自己的一方。
A: Hi, Mr. Smith, This is my friend, Bill.
B: Nice to meet you, Bill.
C: Nice to meet you, Mr. Smith.
This 在电话用语中指的是自己。
A: Hello, may I speak to Miss Li?
B: This is Miss Li speaking. (我就是李女士)
which、that 、who、whom在定语从句中的替代用法
1. which 在句中放指物的先行词后或整个句子后,引导限定性定语从句或非限定性定语从句。
She said I was lazy, which isn’t true.( which替代句子 She said I was lazy)
This is the pen which was bought by my father. (which替代的是 the pen)
2. that在句中放先行词后,引导限定性定语从句。
既可指物,也可指人。
The book that she borrowed from the library was lost. ( that替代的是The book) The man that with a knife in his hand is a murderer. (that替代的是The man ) The pants are too small for me, Can you show me another pair? (因为another后面只能跟单数可数名词,故而这里用pair代替,意为a pair of pants)
如果没有another时,则可用ones替代。
The red pants are too small for me. Can you show me the blue ones. (此处ones替代的是pants)
同样,当遇上不可数名词时,也要用相应的一些量词来代替one 的概念,或用相应的量词复数来代替ones的概念。
The paper is too small for the little girl to paint on, please give her another piece.(因为有a piece of paper)
I’m so hungry that this slice of chicken isn’t enough. Could you give me 3 more slices?(代替的是3 more slices of chicken.)
更多例句(请注意下面两句的细微差别)
1) A: Look! There are many bottles of milk on the desk.
B: Yes, and which one do you like best? (此处用one的原因是A句中已经出现bottles of milk, 所以可以代替one bottle of milk)
2) A: There is much milk on the desk.
B: Yes, but which bottle bag do you like best? (此处A句中心词为milk,因为milk 前面不能用one 来直接修饰,而只能用bottle或bag 来代表数量,可以说a bottle of milk a bag of milk)
某些名词所有格也可以作替代词
如:
1) A: Where is Jeanie?
B: Oh, she is at Mary’s. (这里的Mary’s代替的是Mary’s house)
2) Yesterday Tom’s father was ill, now he is at the doctor’s. ( 这里的doctor’s代替的是doctor’s room 或doctor’s clinic)。