英语论文的摘要分析

Absract AnalysisAnalysis•Structurebackground methods result conclusion •Transitional words •Grammatical features and voice •Useful wordsInterfacial damping characteristics ofcarbon nanotube-based composites •This paper is published on Composites Science and Technology,2004.•The author is from Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania StateUniversity.•This paper is related to Developments in carbon nanotube and nanofibre reinforced polymersIntroduction of the thesisMy major is composites. Carbon nanotube is a kind of new material ,for its special properties that can be used in aerospace. So I choose this paper which is about the development in carbon nanotube.Background 1-5:Introduction and purpose1-4:Introduction(1)Because of their ultraarea to mass ratio(specificextremely large.⑵Thereforestructure,it is anticipated highadvantage of the interfacialand the polymer resin.⑶modulus features allowin strain between the constituents,energy dissipation ability.damping properties of CNT-basedBackground•Transitional words:Because of ; Therefore; In addition; Despite •Grammatical features and voice:present tense; present perfect; passive voice•Useful words:achieve; allow for ; enhance; it is anticipated that; take advantage of•Comment: This passage pays attention to the background and questions.Background5: Purpose⑸The purpose of this paper is to investigate the structural damping characteristics of polymeric composites containing single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), with a focus on analyzing the interfacial interaction between the CNT and the resin materials.•Useful words: The purpose of ; investigate;focus on •Comment: This passage is to tell us about the reason or intention of this paper.Methods(6)The system is modeled using a four-phase composite, composed of a resin, voids, and bonded and debonded nanotubes. ⑺A micromechanical model is proposed to describe interfacial debonding evolution.⑻To characterize the overall behavior, Weibull’s statistical function is employed to describe the varying probability of nanotube debonding under uniaxial loading. ⑼To address damping effects , the concept of interfacial ‘‘stick-slip’’ frictional motion between the nanotubes and the resin is proposed.⑽The developed method is extended to analyze composites with randomly oriented nanotubes.Methods•Grammatical features and voice: present tense; passive voice•Useful words:is proposed to ; characterize; is employed to; address; is extended to•Comment : From this passage ,it can be seen that this paper is more objective since passive tense is used a lot.⑾The analytical results weight ratio and structure damping characteristic.trends predicted by the analysis. specimens,the study showsfillers into polymeric composites could achieve other types(differentResults•Grammatical features and voice:present tense; passive voice•Useful words:show that ; be performed to ; It is also observed that; compare with ;•Comment:This passage is related to the experiment results.And we can use some verbs to describe results such as show, perform,observe,and so on.Conclusion(15)These results confirm the possible advantage of using CNTs fordamping enhancement.Useful words:confirm,possible,advantage Comments:In the end,the author made a prediction according to results.Failure Mechanics of Thermal BarrierCoatings•The thesis was published on Surface &Coating Technology,2003•Presented by Daniel Stephen Balint,to the division of Engineering and Applied Sciences in partial fullfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosopy in the subject of Engineering Scinences•Harvard University CambridgeIntroduction of the thesisMy major is material science and enginering,and I’m mainly engaged in thermal barrier coatings research. Thermal barrier coatings is a kind of coatings that protects the materials from high temperature. So I choose this thesis which is about how the coatings fail.BackgroundProtective coatings effectively make the underlying component more tolerant of harsh conditions without compromising structural integrity. Thermal barrier coatings are deposited on superalloy turbine blades to protect them from engine temperatures in excess of 1000°C.Failure of these coatings is known to involve undulations that develop in the oxide layer, between the ceramic top-coat and the metallic bond coat. The equi-biaxial stress in the readily creeping bond coat, that results from thermal mismatch with the superalloy substrate and a reversible phase transformation, dramatically reduces its ability to resist transverse deformation at elevated temperatures. The nonlinear interaction between the equi-biaxial stresses in the bond coat, and, to a lesser extent, the ceramic top-coat, with the tractions applied on both creeping layers by the compressed oxide film allows an increment of growth to occur each cycle before the equi-biaxial stress decays by creep. The thermal barrier layer, although creeping, constrains growth significantly, resulting in large tensile stresses above the undulations and normal to the interface with the oxide layer.Background•Transitional words: and•Grammatical features and voice:present tense; passive voice •Useful words:protect them from; that results from;dramatically reduces; resulting in•Comment:Gave an outline of thermal barrier coatings.Define the scope of this study. The study is mainly about the failure mechanics of thermal barrier coatings.MethodsA model providing an analytical approximation of undulation growth in a four-layer thermal barrier system, incorporating nearly all details, presented for a realistic cyclic thermal history.is used to elucidate the mechanics of undulation growth,cases,replicate trendsfor PtNiAl bond-coats without theexplained, including that oxide undulation growth does not occur on unconstrained bulk PtNiAl, that far more undulation growth occurs when the system is thermally cycledtemperature for the same total time, and that larger amplitudes observed for systems thatthan for a 1 hour period for the same total time at high temperature.Methods•Grammatical features and voice:present tense; passive voice•Useful words:A set of model problems; in somecases; including that•Comment:The study is baced on a model incorporating nearly allconsiderable details, to provide an analytical pproximation of undulation growth in a four-layer thermal barriersystem.ResultsComplete simulations are performed, and selected results are compared with a finite element program written expressly for this purpose.Grammatical features and voice:present tense; passive voiceConclusionLarge undulation amplitudes are possible, and the tensile stresses predicted by this model are sufficient to initiate cracking in the top-coat parallel to the interface with the oxide layer.•Grammatical features and voice: present tense; •Useful words:are sufficient toThermoplastic Coating ofCarbon Fibers•The thesis was presented by D. D. Edie and G. C.Lickfield,who worked in Center for Advanced Engineering Fibers,in Clemson University.Introduction of the thesis•My major is material science and enginering,and I’m mainly studing on composite material research.•Composite materials are engineered or naturally occurring materials made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties which remain separate and distinct at the macroscopic or microscopic scale within the finished structure.BackgroundThermoplastic polymers are under extensive evaluation for use as matrix materials for composites. The major obstacle to the use of these promising polymers is that their high viscosity makes liquid impregnation of the carbon fiber tows difficult.One alternative is to coat the fibers with the thermoplastic in a dry, finely-ground powder form.Background•Grammatical features and voice: present tense；active voice •Useful words: are under extensive evaluation;One alternative is;The major obstacle to •Comment:Introduce thermoplastic polymers and explain the importance. Propose the major obstacle to the use of thermoplastic polymers in composite materials and describe a new technique of using it.Using a continuous powder coating process, more than 1500 meters of T300/LaRC-TPI prepregdifferent types of heating sections in the coating line,resistance and convection heating,used to fabricate unidirectional composites. During composite fabrication the cure time of the consolidationwere produced with and without vacuum.Using these specimens,of the variation of the consolidation parameters on mechanicalproperties and void content were investigated.composites were determined fromMechanical propertiesshear testing and dynamic mechanical analysis.Methods•Transitional words: and•Grammatical features and voice: past tense;passive voice •Useful words: are under extensive evaluation;One alternative is;The major obstacle to •Comment:Introduce what the paper studies on.Firstly, produce composites samples.Secondly, mechanical properties and void content of these samples were investigated.ResultsThe results of this investigation showed that composites formed using LaRC-TPI powder-coated prepreg contained very few voids when heated rapidly during consolidation. Only moderate tensile strengths were obtained, but short beam shear test and dynamic mechanical analysis indicated a good interfacial bonding between the matrix and the carbon fibers.Results•Grammatical features and voice: past tense;passive voice •Useful words: a good interfacial bonding between•Comment: Show the results of the study.Effect of surface treatment on thebioactivity of nickel-titanium•The thesis was presented by Wojciech Chrzanowski, Ensanya Ali Abou Neel,David Andrew Armitage, Jonathan Campbell Knowles, to the division of Biomaterials andtissue Engineering,UCL Eastman Dental Institute , DeMontfort University ,Leicester School of Pharmacy , The Silesian University of Technology ,Faculty of Mechanical Engineering,ul.•It came from 2008 Acta Materialia and was published by Elsevier Ltd.Introduction of the thesisMy major is material science and enginering, and I’m mainly engaged in biomedical materials research. As biomedical materials should be implanted into human’s body ,there are high requirements of their properties, such as bioactivity,mechanical properties ,corrossion resistance and so on. So I choose this thesis which is about bioactivity of nickel-titanium.BackgroundTitanium and its alloys have been important materials in the production of hard tissues for several years. This is as results of their mechanical properties (which are more favorable than those of stainless steel),very good tissue response and enhanced osseointegration .It is also possible to make the implant inert ,which is demonstrated to be important for retrieving the implant and reducing the adherence of soft tissues that could alter their functions. However,there is a considerable difference between the elastic properties of the metal compared to bone, and this difference plays a very important role during fracture healing for many types of fixations. It must be highlighted that it is not the mechanical properties of the material that are the most important but rather the properties of the entire construct which bears the load.Among the titanium alloys, one has exceptional mechanical ptoperties including superelastic properties and shape memory effects;this is the nominally equiatomic Ni-Ti alloy,and these properties may improve the performance of some devices.Background•Transitional words•Grammatical features and voice: present tense; present perfect; passive voice•Useful words:It is also possibledifference; plays a very important roleThe biological properties of Ni-Ti alloydifferent surface treatments.In this paper, the bioactive properties of Ni-Ti alloy after different surface treatmentsdifferent media (Hanks’ balanced salt solution, Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium and osteogenic). Evaluation performed on the basis of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy studies after immersing samples for up to 24 h in the relevant media. Thiskinetics of Ca2+and Pmedia with surfaces.measured and the influence of heat treatment on phase transformation temperature and rate of nickel and titanium ion release was investigated.•Transitional words•Grammatical features and voice: past tense; passive voiceResultsThe most favorable bioactive properties were observed for simply ground Ni-Ti samples when evaluated in HBSS ,which showed similar properties to reference positive samples(Bioactive Ti). On the other hand, samples heat-treat at 600℃showed very low levels of precipitation of Ca and P. Most interestingly,evaluation in the media containing organic components(protein, vitamins, antibiotics and drugs) revealed that bioactivity for all the samples was at the sane lever(except for the reference negative)irrespective of the surface preparationmethod.(Results)•Transitional words•Grammatical features and voice: past tense; passive voiceConclusionsIt demonstrated thatrapidly ,forming a thin protein layer, and thisproperties of the samples, making them bioactive .No significant difference in kinetics of the CaNevertheless, further ion release and chemical composition evaluation revealed that alkali treatment and spark oxidationuseful for biomedical application due to very high levels of Ni in the top layer (alkali-treated) and high rate of Ni release(spark-oxidized and alkali-treated).•Grammatical features and voice: past tense; passive voice •Useful words:It demonstrated thatAdvantages & Disadvantages:•This abstract’s most parts use passive voice , which makes it more scientific and authentic. It is good for writing scientific literature because your researchbecomes convincing.•I think that the conclusion of the abstract isn’t clearly organized and isn’t concise.。